高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省宿遷市泗陽縣2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillTimdotonight?A.Takeatest. B.Studyathome. C.Gotoaconcert.【答案】B【原文】W:I’mthinkingaboutgoingtoarockconcerttonight.Willyoujoinmeto?M:I’dliketo,butIhaveanEnglishtesttomorrowmorning.SoIneedtoreviewlessonsathome.W:Okay.2.Howmuchshouldthemanpayforthepizzas?A.￡23. B.￡25. C.￡27.【答案】A【原文】W:Whatwouldyouliketoorder,sir?M:Alargepizzawithoutextracheese,andonemediumpizzawithoutextracheese.Howmuchdotheycost?W:Thelargeoneistwelvepointfivepounds,andthemediumonecoststwopoundsless.3.WhatdoesDavidthinkoftakingahigh-speedtrain?A.It’sreallytime-saving.B.It’sthefastestwaytoBeijing.C.It’stoocostlyforhimtochoose.【答案】A【原文】W:David,whatabouttakingahighspeedtraintoBeijing?It’sfast.M:Whynot?Thoughit’llcostusalittlemoremoney,wecansavetimeandgettoBeijingmuchearlier.4.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelnow?A.Calm. B.Interested. C.Disappointed.【答案】C【原文】W:WhenwilltheTVshowbegin?It’salreadyeighto’clocknow.M:Youdidn’tknowitwouldn’tbeontonight.Itwillbeontomorrownight.W:WhatI’vebeenlookingforwardtoitthewholeday.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.John’smajor. B.Wildlifeprotection. C.Businessmanagement.【答案】A【原文】W:John,Iheardyouhavechangedyourmajor.Isthattrue?M:Yes,afterstudyingbusinessforhalfayear,IfoundIdidn’treallylikeit.W:Sowhatareyoustudyingnow?M:Wildlifescience.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatwillthewomaneatthistime?A.Beef. B.Duck. C.Chicken.7.Whydoesthewomanwanttothanktheman?A.Hehelpsheratwork.B.Hewillpayfortoday’smeal.C.HeteacheshertousetheInternet.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】M:IhopethefoodhereisasgoodaswhatpeoplesaidontheInternet,Jessica.W:Metoo.It’snearourofficeandtheenvironmentisnice,sowhatdoyouwanttoeat,Tim?M:Ilovebothchickenandbeef,soI’llhavebeefthistime,whataboutyou?W:Iusedtolovebeef,butit’ssaidthatduckisespeciallygoodhere,soIwanttotryit.Bythewayit’smytreattoday.M:Whydon’twejustgoDutch？W:Notthistime,Ijustwanttothankyouforgivingmeguidanceandtipsintheoffice.M:Okay.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.WhatdidJasondoatthepartylastnight?A.Hesangsongs.B.Hedancedwithothers.C.Heplayedaninstrument.9.Whattimewillthewomanarriveatthepartytonight?A.At7:00. B.At7:30. C.At8:00.10.Howwillthewomangotothepartytonight?A.Bytaxi. B.Bybus. C.Bysubway.【答案】8.A9.B10.C【原文】W:Jason,thereisapartydowntowntonight.Doyouwanttogotoitwithme?M:Ijustwenttoapartylastnight.Idon’tfeellikegoingtoapartyagain.W:So,howwasthepartylastnight?M:Itwasgreat.Therewasmusic,dance,foodanddrinks.Isangalotandenjoyedthefoodanddrinks.W:Didyoudanceorplayinstruments?M:Me?No,I’mnotgoodatthem,soareyougoingtothepartytonight?W:Yes,that’smyplan.ItbeginsatsevenPM,butI’llprobablyarrivetherehalfanhourlate.It’sfarfrommyhome.M:Howwillyougothere,bybusorbytaxi?W:Neither,sincetakingthesubwayisthemostconvenient.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.What’sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Co-workers. B.Classmates. C.Neighbors.12.WhatattractedKateinInnsbruck?A.Itspleasantweather. B.Itsgreatarchitecture. C.Itsdeliciouslocalfood.13.WhatisJackgoingtododuringhisholiday?A.TraveltoChina. B.Takecareofababy. C.Prepareforanexam.【答案】11.C12.B13.C【原文】M:HelloKate,longtimenosee.W:HelloJack.Areyougoingdownstairstodoexerciseintheneighborhood?M:Yes,whendidyoucomebackfromyourtrip.W:Attheendoflastmonth,IvisitedInnsbrook,thecapitalcityofTyrolwithmyhusband.M:Soundsnice.W:Yes,myhusbandlovedthepleasantweatherandthedeliciouslocalfoodthere.Besides,thiscityisfamousforitsuniquearchitecturewhichfascinatedme.M:Itseemsthatyouhadagoodtimethere.W:Yeah,howaboutyou?IheardyouplannedtogotoChinawithyourparentsduringyourholiday.M:Ithasbeencancelled.MyparentshavegonetoNewYorktolookaftermybrother’sbaby,soIwillstayathometostudyformyTOEFLtest.W:Well,that’salsoanicechoice.M:Youcansayso.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.WhatcontributestoMichael’spoem-writing?A.Extensivereading.B.Takingwritingclasses.C.Gettingnaturalinspiration.15.Whatisthedifficultpartofpoem-writingforthewoman?A.Usingcorrectwords. B.Findingpropertopics. C.Expressingheremotions.16.WhatareMichael’spoemsmainlyabout?A.Love. B.Nature. C.History.17.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthewild. B.Inthelibrary. C.Intheclassroom.【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.C【原文】W:Michael,Iheardthatyourpoemwaspublishedinourschoolnewspaper.Congratulations!M:Thanks,Lucy.W:Isthisyourfirstpoem?M:No,Ipublishedacollectionofpoemslastyear,underthenameofJamesSmith.W:Didyoutakeanyclassestolearntowritepoems?M:No.Ialwaysspendmuchtimeinthelibraryreadingdifferentkindsofbooks.Ithinkthiscontributestomypoemwriting.W:OhIsee.Iwon’ttrytowritepoemsbutIfinallygaveup.M:Why?W:Itwassodifficulttofindthepropertopic.M:Forme,thewordingisthehardest.W:Manypeoplelikewritinglovepoemstoexpresstheiremotions.Doyoualsolikewritingsuchpoems?M:Notreally,mypoemsaremainlyabouthistoryandsometimesIwriteaboutnature.W:I’mreallyinterestedinyourpoems.Canyoushowsomeofthemtome?M:Ofcourse,doyoumindgoingtomyhometoseethemafterschool?W:Whynot?Ohlet’sstoptalkingandopenthebook.MisterWhitehascomeandisreadytogivetheclass.M:Okay.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18.Whatwasthespeaker’spurposeofgoingtoChina?A.TolearnChinese.B.Tomeetherfamily.C.Totakeashortfieldtrip.19.Whichofthefollowingexcitedthespeakerinherhostfamily?A.Theirwonderfulcooking.B.Descriptionoftheirtraditions.C.Theirinterestinforeigncultures.20.WhatdidthespeakerprobablythinkofherexperienceinChina?A.Quiteboring. B.Verybeneficial. C.Fullofhardships.【答案】18.A19.B20.B【原文】Inthesummeroftwentytwenty,withagroupofstudents,IflewfromAmericatoChinatolearnChinese.Myhostfamilywelcomedmewithopenarms.Myanxietyoverthehugelanguagebarrierdisappearedafteradelicioushomemadedinneratthefirstnight.Fromthatmomenton,wedevelopedaclosebond,andIwastreatedasamemberoftheirownfamily.MyhostsisterswereattractedbymydiscussionsofLatinandancientGreek,andIwasexcitedbythedetailsoftheirtraditionstheytoldme.Wealllearnedalotabouteachother’scultures,andIwassoonwelladapted.ThegroupofstudentsIstudiedwithinChinacamefromdifferentcountries.Webecameaverytight-knitfamilythroughthisacademicandculturalexchange.Igreatlybenefitedfromthisexperience.Westudiedtogether,takingfieldtripsandexploringChinacities.Wesupportedoneanotherthroughstudyhours,andofferwordsofencouragementtoeachotherinthefaceofhardships.IreturnedtomycountryafterIfinishedthetwoyearexchangeactivity.I’mlookingforwardtoanotherchancetogotoChina.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AVOLUNTEERPROJECTSANDACTIVITIESWe’vegotsomethingforjustabouteveryone—frombeachcleanups,tohistoricsitesandhabitatrestoration(修復(fù)),plantnurseries,andlandscaping.Noexperienceorcommitmentnecessary.Weprovideallofthetools,training,andleadership.Wejustneedyou,yourwillingnesstojoinin,andabitofyourtime.Findtherightfitforyou—checkoutthevarietyofserviceprojectsandprogramsintheparks.·ForGroupslargerthanfive,pleasevisitGroupVolunteerProjects.·Forotherlonger-termvolunteerroles,visitIndividualServicePositions.·Checkoutourupcomingprograms.BeachVolunteeringHelpprotectourbeautifulparkbeaches!Volunteerswillenjoybeautifuloceanviewswhiletheyremovelitterandwaste,protectnativehabitats,andhelpreduceoceanpollution.HabitatRestorationVolunteeringHelprestoreandmonitorcriticalnaturalareasandcreatewildlifepathwaysforthreatenedandendangeredspecies.Activitiesincludedestructiveplantremoval,winterplanting,litterremoval,seedcollection,fenceconstruction,trailmaintenance,andplantmonitoring.HistoricLandscapeVolunteeringHelpprotectandenhancebeautifullandscapesandmaintainhistoricbuildingsandgrounds.Activitiesincludereseeding,weeding,winterplanting,litterremoval,painting,andgroundskeeping.NativePlantNurseriesRestoringforgenerationstocome,thenurseriesprovidealivinglinkbetweenlocalcommunitiesandtherestorationofnativeplanthabitatthroughouttheGoldenGateNationalParks.21.Whatisrequiredforvolunteerstoparticipate?A.Previousexperience. B.Personalwillingness.C.Self-providedequipment. D.Long-termcommitment.22.Whichprogramsuitsthoseconcernedaboutendangeredwildlife?A.BeachVolunteering. B.HabitatRestorationVolunteering.C.HistoricLandscapeVolunteering. D.NativePlantNurseries.23.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Atravelguide. B.Ageographyjournal.C.Abiologypaper. D.Apublicservicewebsite.【答案】21.B22.B23.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講述了志愿者項(xiàng)目和活動(dòng)的相關(guān)信息，包括不同種類的志愿者活動(dòng)及其內(nèi)容?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Wejustneedyou,yourwillingnesstojoinin,andabitofyourtime.(我們只需要你，你加入的意愿，以及你的一點(diǎn)時(shí)間)”可知，志愿者參與需要個(gè)人的意愿。故選B?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HabitatRestorationVolunteering部分中“Helprestoreandmonitorcriticalnaturalareasandcreatewildlifepathwaysforthreatenedandendangeredspecies.(幫助恢復(fù)和監(jiān)測(cè)關(guān)鍵自然區(qū)域，并為受威脅和瀕危物種創(chuàng)造野生動(dòng)物通道)”可知，HabitatRestorationVolunteering適合那些關(guān)心瀕危野生動(dòng)物的人。故選B。【23題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“VOLUNTEERPROJECTSANDACTIVITIES(志愿者項(xiàng)目和活動(dòng))”以及下文對(duì)不同志愿者項(xiàng)目的介紹可知，本文介紹了志愿者項(xiàng)目和活動(dòng)的相關(guān)信息，因此最有可能來自公共服務(wù)網(wǎng)站。故選D。B“Iwalkedlongdistancestoschoolinworn-outshoes,carryingmystationeryandhomeworknotinaschoolbagbutinhands.Unabletoaffordexercisebooks,Iworriedaboutlosingmyassignmentswrittenonoldbitsofpaper.”Tinotendarecallsinalowvoice,“HungerbecamealltoofamiliarandIwentalmosttheentireschooldaywithouteatinganything.”Tinotenda,astudentfromasmallruralfarmingtowninZimbabwe,lostherfatherduringprimaryschool.“Mylearningwasalmoststoppedasmymotherstruggledtosupportusonherown.”Tinotendawept,saying,“Mysecondaryeducationseemedoutofreachthen.”JustwhenTinotendawasabouttodropout,CAMFEDsteppedin.Theycoveredherschoolfees,andprovidednotebooksandshoes.“Immediately,myself-confidenceincreaseddramatically,”shesays.WithCAMFED’ssupport,shecouldfocusonherstudiesandbeganachievinghighgrades.Shebecamemoreinvolvedinschoolactivities,takingupleadershipopportunities.Andsheiscurrentlytheschool’sHeadGirl!InJuly2023,TinotendawasinvitedtoasummerprogrambytheUniversityofPennsylvania.“Itwasagreatlearningexperience,”shesays.Duringtheprogram,shechosetwocoursesinmedicineandpathology(病理學(xué)),andenjoyedconductingresearchinlabs.“Iusedamicroscopeforthefirsttimeandlearnedsomuch!”sheadds.TinotendaispassionateaboutSTEMsubjects.“It’simportantforgirlstoparticipateinthesesubjectssotheycanentermale-dominatedfields,”sheencouragesgirlstoreceiveeducation.“Itwilltakeyoutonewheightsandmakeyourlifebeautiful.”TinotendadreamsofbecominganeurosurgeonandhopestosupportmoregirlsthroughCAMFED.Herstoryisatestamenttothepowerofeducationandtheimpactofsupportivecommunities.Shebelievesthatwithhardwork,dedicationandwillpower,onlythesky’sthelimit.24.What’sTinotenda’sfeelingwhentalkingaboutherpasthardships?A.Grateful. B.Puzzled. C.Bitter. D.Determined.25.WhathappenedtoTinotendainprimaryschool?A.Herfatherpassedaway. B.SheparticipatedinCAMFED.C.Shedroppedoutofschool. D.Herfamilymovedtoaruraltown.26.HowdidCAMFEDhelpTinotenda?A.Byopeningcourses. B.BypreparingherforSTEM.C.Byofferingsupplies. D.Byinvitinghertoaprogram.27.WhatmightTinotendaagreewith?A.Povertyequalswealth. B.Opportunitycomesfirst.C.Educationchangeslife. D.Leadershipmattersmost.【答案】24.C25.A26.C27.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Tinotenda在困境中通過CAMFED的幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的故事?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中““Mylearningwasalmoststoppedasmymotherstruggledtosupportusonherown.”Tinotendawept,saying,“Mysecondaryeducationseemedoutofreachthen.”(“我母親獨(dú)自艱難地?fù)狃B(yǎng)我們，我的學(xué)業(yè)幾乎中斷了?！盩inotenda哭著說，“那時(shí)候，我上中學(xué)的希望似乎破滅了”)”可知，Tinotenda在談?wù)撨^去的艱辛?xí)r，她的心情是痛苦的。故選C?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Tinotenda,astudentfromasmallruralfarmingtowninZimbabwe,lostherfatherduringprimaryschool.(Tinotenda是津巴布韋一個(gè)農(nóng)村小鎮(zhèn)的學(xué)生，她在小學(xué)時(shí)失去了父親)”可知，Tinotenda在小學(xué)時(shí)她的父親去世了。故選A?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“JustwhenTinotendawasabouttodropout,CAMFEDsteppedin.Theycoveredherschoolfees,andprovidednotebooksandshoes.(就在Tinotenda要輟學(xué)的時(shí)候，CAMFED介入了。他們?yōu)樗Ц读藢W(xué)費(fèi)，還提供了筆記本和鞋子)”可知，CAMFED通過提供物資幫助了Tinotenda。故選C?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段““It’simportantforgirlstoparticipateinthesesubjectssotheycanentermale-dominatedfields,”sheencouragesgirlstoreceiveeducation.“Itwilltakeyoutonewheightsandmakeyourlifebeautiful.”(“女孩們參與這些學(xué)科很重要，這樣她們才能進(jìn)入男性主導(dǎo)的領(lǐng)域，”她鼓勵(lì)女孩們接受教育，“教育會(huì)帶你們登上新的高度，讓你們的生活變得美好”)”可推知，Tinotenda認(rèn)為教育可以改變生活。故選C。CWildfigtreesmayprovideaninexpensive,effectivewaytomonitormercury(汞)pollutionnearsmall-scalegoldminingsitesthroughouttheGlobalSouth,arecentstudysuggests.PublishedinFrontiersinEnvironmentalScience,theanalysislookedatwhetherfigtreescanbeusedasabiomonitoringtoolnearsmall-scalegoldmines.Themines,locatedlargelyinSouthAmerica,SoutheastAsiaandsub-SaharanAfrica,useliquidmercurytoseparateore(礦石)andgold,unleashinghighlevelsofmercurypollution.Thepollutedairgeneratedbyburningmercury-goldamalgams(合金)togetgoldcanendangerhealthinhumansandanimals.Buttheindustry—largelyunregulated—lacksreliablemonitoringdata,theresearcherswrite.Theresearchersintroducedafast-growingfigtreethatthrivesthroughoutthetropics.Thetreesgrowannualrings,whichisuncommonamongtropicaltrees.TheresearchersanalyzedtreecoresfromfivestudysitesinPeru’sMadredeDiosregiontodeterminewhetherfigtreescouldserveasnaturalindicatorsofmercurypollutionlevelsinthearea.Threeofthesiteswerenearsmallmines,andtwowerelocatedfaraway.Mercurylevelsinthetrees’ringswere“stronglycorrelated”withatmosphericmercurylevels,theresearchersfound,andtreesnearestthemineshadhigherconcentrations(濃度)ofmercuryintheirrings.Passiveairsamplingconfirmedthemercurymeasurements.Thestudyexaminedtreeringsfrom1941to1999and2000to2019.Attwositesnearmodernminingtownswheremercury-goldamalgamswereburned,theteamfoundlowermercuryconcentrationsintreeringsduringtheearlierperiod,whenminingintheareawasn’twellestablished,andhigherlevelsaftergoldminingexpanded.Treesprovide“amuchmorewidelyspreadandcheapernetworkofbiomonitoring”overdecadesthantypicalmonitoringofsmall-scalemines,whichfocusesonshortperiods,theresearcherswrite.“ThisreallyoffersamethodthatcanbeemployedthroughouttheGlobalSouthtounderstandchangesinmercuryovertime,aswellasspaceindicatorsofmercury.”JacquelineGerson,astudyauthorandassistantprofessorofbiologicalandenvironmentalengineeringinCornellUniversity’sCollegeofAgricultureandLifeSciences,saidinanewsannouncement.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unleashing”inparagraph2mean?A.Releasing. B.Detecting. C.Absorbing. D.Reducing.29.Whyarefigtreesfromdifferentsitesanalyzed?A.Tofigureouttheeffectofmercurypollution.B.Totestiftheycanmonitormercurypollution.C.Tostudytheexactcauseofmercurypollution.D.Toseehowtheyhelpreducemercurypollution.30.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Treeringsshowlowermercurylevelsafterminingexpanded.B.Typicalminemonitoringcoversbroaderareasthantreerings.C.Mercury-goldamalgamswereburnedonlyfrom2000to2019.D.Treeringsofferalong-termandcheapwaytomonitormercury.31.WhatisJacquelineGerson’sattitudetowardsusingfigtreestomonitormercurypollution?A.Concerned. B.Approving. C.Objective. D.Uninterested.【答案】28.A29.B30.D31.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了研究表明無花果樹可作為監(jiān)測(cè)汞污染的廉價(jià)有效工具?！?8題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中劃線詞前“Themines,locatedlargelyinSouthAmerica,SoutheastAsiaandsub-SaharanAfrica,useliquidmercurytoseparateoreandgold,(這些礦場(chǎng)主要位于南美洲、東南亞和撒哈拉以南非洲，使用液態(tài)汞分離礦石和黃金)”及劃線詞后“highlevelsofmercurypollution. Thepollutedairgeneratedbyburningmercury-goldamalgams(合金)togetgoldcanendangerhealthinhumansandanimals.(高水平的汞污染。通過燃燒汞金合金提取黃金時(shí)產(chǎn)生的受污染空氣，會(huì)危害人類和動(dòng)物的健康)”可知，液態(tài)汞被用來分離礦石和黃金，從而釋放出高水平的汞污染，故劃線詞unleashing與A選項(xiàng)Releasing“釋放”意義相近。故選A?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“TheresearchersanalyzedtreecoresfromfivestudysitesinPeru’sMadredeDiosregiontodeterminewhetherfigtreescouldserveasnaturalindicatorsofmercurypollutionlevelsinthearea.(研究人員分析了秘魯馬德雷德迪奧斯地區(qū)五個(gè)研究地點(diǎn)的樹芯，以確定無花果樹是否可以作為該地區(qū)汞污染水平的自然指標(biāo))”可知，研究人員分析來自不同地點(diǎn)的無花果樹是為了測(cè)試它們是否可以監(jiān)測(cè)汞污染。故選B。【30題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中“Treesprovide“amuchmorewidelyspreadandcheapernetworkofbiomonitoring”overdecadesthantypicalmonitoringofsmall-scalemines,whichfocusesonshortperiods,theresearcherswrite.(研究人員寫道，與典型的小型礦山監(jiān)測(cè)相比，樹木在幾十年間提供了一個(gè)“分布更廣、更便宜的生物監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)”，而典型的小型礦山監(jiān)測(cè)則側(cè)重于短期)”可知，樹輪提供了一種長(zhǎng)期且廉價(jià)的監(jiān)測(cè)汞污染的方法。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ThisreallyoffersamethodthatcanbeemployedthroughouttheGlobalSouthtounderstandchangesinmercuryovertime,aswellasspaceindicatorsofmercury.(這確實(shí)提供了一種可以在全球南方各地采用的方法，以了解汞隨時(shí)間的變化，以及汞的空間指標(biāo))”可知，JacquelineGerson認(rèn)為這種方法可以在全球南方各地采用，以了解汞隨時(shí)間的變化以及汞的空間指標(biāo)。由此可推知，JacquelineGerson對(duì)使用無花果樹監(jiān)測(cè)汞污染持支持態(tài)度。故選B。DIsyourgreenmygreen?Probablynot.Whatappearsaspuregreentomeislikelytolookabityellowishorbluishtoyou.Moreover,anobject’scolormayappeardifferentlyagainstdifferentbackgroundsorunderdifferentlighting.Itmightnaturallyleadyoutothinkcolorsarerelativetoobserversandviewingconditions,andsonothinghasatruecolor.Butperceptualvariationismisleading.WeargueinthebookTheMetaphysicsofColorsthatcolorsareasobjectiveastemperature.People’schoicesvarysignificantlywhenaskedtopickthe“uniquegreen”fromaselectionofcolorchips.Agrayobjectappearsdarkeragainstalighterbackgroundthanadarkerone,andaredapplemightlookgreenorblueunderdifferentlighting.Thesefactsdon’tnegatetheobjectivityofcolors.Anapple’srednessremainsunchangedevenifitappearsdifferentlyundercertainconditions.Inotherwords,thepropertiesofanobjectareindependentofhowtheyappeartoyou.Todetermineanobject’scolor,placeitbesideanotherobjectunderthesamelightingandbackgroundconditions.Ifnodifferencesaredetectedbyobservers,thecolorsareconsideredthesame.Thisabilitytomatchcolorsshowstheirobjectivityisindependentofindividualperception,muchlikethetemperatureofwaterisindependentofhowcolditfeelstodifferentpeople.Inthefieldofcolorscience,scientificlawsareusedtoexplainhowobjectsandlightaffectperceptionandthecolorsofotherobjects.Suchlaws,forinstance,predictwhathappenswhenyoumixcoloredpaints,andwhenyoulookatcoloredobjectsinvariouslightingconditions.PhilosopherslikeHilaryPutnamarguethatifsomethingisessentialtoscience,itmustberealandobjective.Colorsarealsomeaningfulinthesurvivalandevolutionofanimals.Manyanimalsusecolorsstrategicallytosendwarningsignalsorattractmates.Forexample,somedamselfish(雀鯛魚)haveultravioletpatternsthatcanonlybeseenbytheirspecies,aidingrecognitionandmatingwhilehidingfrompredatorsthatcannotperceiveultravioletlight.Insum,ourabilitytodeterminewhetherobjectsarecoloredthesameordifferentlyandtheessentialrolestheyplayinsciencesuggestthatcolorsareasrealandobjectiveastemperature.32.Whatisthemisleadingbeliefaboutcolor?A.Everythinghasatruecolor. B.Colorsaregenerallysubjective.C.Yellowishandbluisharepuzzling. D.Colorsaren’taffectedbyconditions.33.What’stheauthor’ssuggestionfordetermininganobject’scolor?A.Detectconsistentlightingandbackgrounds.B.Matchcolorsusingindependentperception.C.Exchangedisagreementswithotherobservers.D.Makecomparisonsunderthesameconditions.34.Whydoestheauthormentiondamselfishinparagraph5?A.Toexplainaconcept. B.Toillustratearule.C.Tointroduceatheory. D.Toproveanargument.35.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LawsofColors. B.GreenIsGreen.C.ColorsandTemperature. D.ColorsinEvolution.【答案】32.B33.D34.D35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了顏色的客觀性問題，反駁了顏色是主觀感知的觀點(diǎn)，并通過科學(xué)原理和生物進(jìn)化實(shí)例論證顏色具有客觀性，如同溫度一樣真實(shí)存在。【32題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Itmightnaturallyleadyoutothinkcolorsarerelativetoobserversandviewingconditions,andsonothinghasatruecolor.Butperceptualvariationismisleading.(這可能會(huì)自然地讓你認(rèn)為顏色是相對(duì)于觀察者和觀察條件而言的，所以沒有什么東西有真正的顏色。但感知上的變化是具有誤導(dǎo)性的。)”可知，人們通常會(huì)認(rèn)為顏色是相對(duì)的，即主觀的，這是一種誤導(dǎo)性的信念。所以關(guān)于顏色的誤導(dǎo)性信念是顏色通常是主觀的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Todetermineanobject’scolor,placeitbesideanotherobjectunderthesamelightingandbackgroundconditions.Ifnodifferencesaredetectedbyobservers,thecolorsareconsideredthesame.(為了確定一個(gè)物體的顏色，把它放在另一個(gè)物體旁邊，在相同的照明和背景條件下。如果觀察者沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)差異，則認(rèn)為顏色相同。)”可知，作者建議在相同條件下進(jìn)行比較來確定物體的顏色。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Colorsarealsomeaningfulinthesurvivalandevolutionofanimals.Manyanimalsusecolorsstrategicallytosendwarningsignalsorattractmates.Forexample,somedamselfishhaveultravioletpatternsthatcanonlybeseenbytheirspecies,aidingrecognitionandmatingwhilehidingfrompredatorsthatcannotperceiveultravioletlight.(顏色在動(dòng)物的生存和進(jìn)化中也具有重要意義。許多動(dòng)物有策略地使用顏色來發(fā)出警告信號(hào)或吸引配偶。例如，一些雀鯛魚具有只能被其物種看到的紫外線模式，有助于識(shí)別和交配，同時(shí)躲避無法感知紫外線的捕食者。)”可知作者提到雀鯛魚是為了證明顏色在動(dòng)物生存和進(jìn)化中具有重要意義這一觀點(diǎn)，也就是證明前面提出的關(guān)于顏色具有客觀性的論點(diǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。文章開篇提到“Isyourgreenmygreen?Probablynot.Whatappearsaspuregreentomeislikelytolookabityellowishorbluishtoyou.(你眼中的綠色是我的綠色嗎？可能不是。在我看來是純綠色的東西，在你看來可能有點(diǎn)偏黃或偏藍(lán)。)”，描述了不同人對(duì)顏色感知可能不同這一現(xiàn)象，后文展開論述，如第二段中的“Anapple’srednessremainsunchangedevenifitappearsdifferentlyundercertainconditions.Inotherwords,thepropertiesofanobjectareindependentofhowtheyappeartoyou.(即使蘋果在某些條件下看起來不同，它的紅色仍然不變。換句話說，物體的屬性與它們?cè)谀阊壑械臉幼訜o關(guān)。)”和第三段中的“Thisabilitytomatchcolorsshowstheirobjectivityisindependentofindividualperception,muchlikethetemperatureofwaterisindependentofhowcolditfeelstodifferentpeople.(這種匹配顏色的能力表明它們的客觀性獨(dú)立于個(gè)人的感知，就像水的溫度獨(dú)立于不同人對(duì)它的寒冷感覺一樣。)”，最后一段得出結(jié)論“Insum,ourabilitytodeterminewhetherobjectsarecoloredthesameordifferentlyandtheessentialrolestheyplayinsciencesuggestthatcolorsareasrealandobjectiveastemperature.(總之，我們確定物體顏色是否相同或不同的能力，以及它們?cè)诳茖W(xué)中發(fā)揮的重要作用，表明顏色和溫度一樣真實(shí)和客觀。)”可知，顏色具有客觀性，就如同溫度一樣，不管人們感知如何，顏色有其自身客觀屬性。故選項(xiàng)B（綠色就是綠色。）能夠概括全文，故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ShowsomeoneyoursupportSometimespeoplewhoareclosetousgothroughdifficulttimes.Thatcouldincludecopingwithanillnessorotherbigchangesintheirlife.____36____Justwantingtosupportthemisagoodplacetobegin.Herearesomeideastoconsider.Letthemknowyoucare.Yourfriendorfamilymembermayfeelliketalkingaboutwhattheyaregoingthrough,ortheymaynot.It’salwaysappropriatetoletthemknowyoucareandwillbethereforthem.____37____Makingavideoexpressingyourloveforthemisanotheroption.YoucouldalsoaskthemifitwouldbeOKtobringormailthemabakedtreat,oryoumightputtogetheracarepackage.Spendtimetogether.____38____Ifpossible,askiftheywouldliketodosomethingtogether,liketakeawalk,watchamovie,ordoapuzzle.Ifit’safamilymemberwholivesfaraway,youcanaskiftheywanttovideochatortalkonthephone.Youcouldalsosendthemphotosofyourdaytohelpthemfeelconnected.____39____Peoplewhocareaboutyoulikelywantyoutokeepyourdailyroutineasmuchaspossible,evenwhiletheyaregoingthroughsomethingchallenging.Butyoumightalsobeabletostepinwhenpossible,withtaskslikedoingthedishes,lookingafterapet,orironingclothes.Payattentiontotheirneedsandwants.Thisisoftenthehardest,butmostimportantwaytoshowyoucare.Eveniftheyarejusttellingyouastoryaboutsomethingsillythathappenedatthesupermarket,it’simportantthatyourespondappropriately.Ifyouignorethemwhenitcomestosimplethings,theywon’tfeelthatyoucareaboutthem.____40____A.Helpoutwithsmalltasks.B.Sticktoyourdailyroutine.C.Yourpresencealonecanbecomforting.D.Evensmallgesturescanmeanalottoothers.E.Youcouldshowyourcarebymakingacardwithanoteinside.F.Therefore,theyaremuchlesslikelytoshareanythingdeeperwithyou.G.Youprobablywishyoucoulddosomethingtohelpbutmightnotbesurehow.【答案】36.G37.E38.C39.A40.F【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了當(dāng)身邊人經(jīng)歷困難時(shí)表達(dá)支持的一些方法?！?6題詳析】上文“Sometimespeoplewhoareclosetousgothroughdifficulttimes.Thatcouldincludecopingwithanillnessorotherbigchangesintheirlife.(有時(shí)我們身邊的人會(huì)經(jīng)歷困難時(shí)期，這可能包括應(yīng)對(duì)疾病或生活中的其他重大變化)”描述了身邊人可能面臨的困境，下文“Justwantingtosupportthemisagoodplacetobegin.(僅僅是想支持他們就是一個(gè)好的開始)”提到了支持的想法，空處應(yīng)體現(xiàn)出我們面對(duì)他人困境時(shí)想幫忙卻不確定方法的狀態(tài)，G選項(xiàng)“Youprobablywishyoucoulddosomethingtohelpbutmightnotbesurehow.(你可能希望自己能做點(diǎn)什么來幫助他們，但可能不知道該怎么做。)”既承接了上文他人遇到困難的情況，又引出了下文想要支持的內(nèi)容，符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳析】上文“It’salwaysappropriatetoletthemknowyoucareandwillbethereforthem.(讓他們知道你關(guān)心他們并會(huì)在他們身邊，這總是合適的)”表明要讓對(duì)方感受到關(guān)心，下文“Makingavideoexpressingyourloveforthemisanotheroption.(制作一段視頻表達(dá)你對(duì)他們的愛也是另一種選擇)”介紹了另一種表達(dá)關(guān)心的方式，空處應(yīng)列舉一種具體的表達(dá)關(guān)心的做法，E選項(xiàng)“Youcouldshowyourcarebymakingacardwithanoteinside.(你可以通過制作一張里面有便條的卡片來表達(dá)你的關(guān)心。)”與下文的制作視頻并列，都是具體的關(guān)心方式，符合語境，故選E?！?8題詳析】該段標(biāo)題“Spendtimetogether.(一起共度時(shí)光)”強(qiáng)調(diào)了陪伴的重要性，下文“Ifpossible,askiftheywouldliketodosomethingtogether,liketakeawalk,watchamovie,