高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省濰坊市2025屆高三下學(xué)期高考模擬三輪拉練五英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ANewyear,newyou...atleastthat’stheplan,right?WeallstartJanuarywithbigintentions,butactuallystickingtothoseshinyNewYear’sresolutionsisadifferentstory.Luckily,there’sanappforthat—actually,thereareloads!AlITrailsAllTrailsisagreatexerciseappasitencouragesyoutogetoutintonatureinsteadofhittingupanoverpricedgym.Withdetailedtrailmapsthatguideyouthroughnumerousoutdooractivities,you’llbeworkingupasweatinnotimewhiletakingadvantageofnaturalbeauty!RocketMoneyCuttingbackonspendingisthemostpopularNewYear’sresolutionglobally,everyyear.Thisuser-friendlyappsimplifieseverythingthatcomesalongwithbudgetingandexpensetracking,whilealsohelpingyoumanagesubscriptionsandbills.Withfeatureslikeautomatedbillnegotiationandcreditscoremonitoring,youcanthinkofRocketMoneyasyourpersonalfinancialassistant.ImprintWanttocutdoom-scrollingbutnotreadytodropyourphone?Imprintisheretohelp.Theapptakesbigideasfromtheworld’sgreatestthinkersandbreaksthemdownintosimple,visualsnippetsthatyoucanactuallyremember.Whetheryouwanttomasteressentialtopics,orjusthaveafewfunfactstothrowintoyourconversations,Imprintmakeslearningquick,andeasy!DuolingoThislanguageappreallyisoneofthebestforstickingtoyourgoals.Fromthewayitgamifiesyourprogresstotheuser-friendlyinterface,Duolingomakesleaninganewlanguagebotheasyandenjoyable!There’sjustonemajorsetbackforHongKongers:theapponlyoffersCantoneselessonsforMandarinspeakers,soifyou’rehopingtopickupsomeofthelocallanguage,you’llhavetolookelsewhere.21.Whichappbestsuitspeoplewhowanttoeffectivelymanagetheirbudgets?A.AllTrails. B.RocketMoney. C.Imprint. D.Duolingo.22.WhatisDuolingo’skeylimitationforHongKongusers?A.Itavoidsgamesinteaching. B.Itlacksauser-friendlyinterface.C.Ithaslimitedlanguagechoices. D.Itrequiresexpensivesubscriptions.23.Whatisthesharedpurposeofthefourapps?A.Toencouragehealthylifestyles. B.Tosupportself-improvement.C.Totrackreal-timeuserprogress. D.Tohelpmakenewyearresolutions.【答案】21.B22.C23.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了幾款幫助人們完成計(jì)劃、實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的應(yīng)用程序?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thisuser-friendlyappsimplifieseverythingthatcomesalongwithbudgetingandexpensetracking,whilealsohelpingyoumanagesubscriptionsandbills.Withfeatureslikeautomatedbillnegotiationandcreditscoremonitoring,youcanthinkofRocketMoneyasyourpersonalfinancialassistant.(這款容易使用的應(yīng)用程序簡(jiǎn)化了預(yù)算和費(fèi)用跟蹤帶來(lái)的一切，同時(shí)也幫助你管理訂閱和賬單。有了自動(dòng)賬單協(xié)商和信用評(píng)分監(jiān)控等功能，你可以把RocketMoney想象成你的個(gè)人財(cái)務(wù)助理)”可知，RocketMoney最適合那些想要有效管理預(yù)算的人們。故選B。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“There’sjustonemajorsetbackforHongKongers:theapponlyoffersCantoneselessonsforMandarinspeakers,soifyou’rehopingtopickupsomeofthelocallanguage,you’llhavetolookelsewhere.(對(duì)香港人來(lái)說(shuō)，只有一個(gè)主要的缺點(diǎn)：這款應(yīng)用只為說(shuō)普通話的人提供粵語(yǔ)課程，所以如果你希望學(xué)習(xí)一些當(dāng)?shù)卣Z(yǔ)言，你就得去別的地方找了)”可知，Duolingo對(duì)香港用戶而言，語(yǔ)言選擇較為有限。故選C。【23題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WeallstartJanuarywithbigintentions,butactuallystickingtothoseshinyNewYear’sresolutionsisadifferentstory.Luckily,there’sanappforthat—actually,thereareloads!(新年伊始，我們都有遠(yuǎn)大的目標(biāo)，但真正堅(jiān)持這些宏偉的新年計(jì)劃是另一回事。幸運(yùn)的是，有一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序可以做到這一點(diǎn)——實(shí)際上，有很多！)”可知，這四個(gè)應(yīng)用程序都是幫助人們完成計(jì)劃、實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的，能夠幫助人們實(shí)現(xiàn)自我提升和完善。故選B。BThesedays,IhavebeengatheringcontributionsforClassNotesfrommyclassmatesattheBrearleySchool.Sevencontributionshavecomein.Theyarelongorshort,emotionalormatter-of-fact,andnowmyjobwillbetocutandselect,rephraseandquote,andcountwordsfromeachcontributor-ourentirecollectionwillhavetoadduptonomorethansixhundredandfiftywords.Thetoughpartistryingtogivemoreorlessequalspacetoeachoftheselifeaccounts,sincesomeofustendtorelateincidentsingreatdetailwhileothersaretight-lipped.Ifnineofusaltogether,includingme,contributenotes,theneachnoteisallowedalittleoverseventywords.Ifanothercontributioncomesinatthelastminute,weallgodowntoaboutsixty-five.DoIcutoutthetriptoCostaRica,orthevisittothenephewinNewJersey?Therecentgrandchild,brokenleg,orScrabble(拼字游戲)competition?WhydidIdecideIwouldnotmindbeingaclass-notesagent?IsupposeIpursueanypieceofwritingfortwomainreasons.First,Ilikethechallengeoftryinganewform.Inthiscase,mytaskistorearrangethewritingsofarangeofpersonalitiestocreateonefairlysmoothwhole.Thesecondreasonisalwaysemotional.Here,onesourceofmyemotionwastheyears-longexperienceoftheschoolitself.Iwasalsotouchedthatmyclassmatessuggestedmeforthejob,theirsensiblereasonbeing:“You’reawriter.“Asa65-year-oldlady,Ifeeltiredsometimes,butI’veneverstoppedvaluingeverymomentinthisjob.Forme,myclassmatesarestillfullofyouthfulenergy,passion,ordisgustortearfulhurt.I’mnotsureI’mnaturallygiftedatturningallthesecolorfuldetailsintoabriefandentertainingaccount.That’showIdoit—quotetheirownwordsasoftenasIcan.24.Whatdoestheauthorneedtodowiththecontributions?A.Editandadjustthem. B.Collectandgradethem.C.Ensurethevarietyofthem. D.Addpersonalcommentstothem.25.Howdoestheauthorexplainthedifficultyofthejob?A.Bycitingquotes. B.Bylistingexamples.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Bygivingdefinitions.26.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromparagraph3?A.Sheprioritizesnewforms. B.Sheprefersemotionalwriting.C.Sheishesitantabouttherole. D.Sheisacknowledgedbyherclassmates.27.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthejob?A.It’sstressful. B.It’sworthwhile. C.It’sstraightforward. D.It’stroublesome.【答案】24.A25.B26.D27.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者作為班級(jí)筆記編輯，負(fù)責(zé)收集、整理和編輯同學(xué)們投稿的班級(jí)筆記的工作內(nèi)容和感受?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Theyarelongorshort,emotionalormatter-of-fact,andnowmyjobwillbetocutandselect,rephraseandquote,andcountwordsfromeachcontributor-ourentirecollectionwillhavetoadduptonomorethansixhundredandfiftywords.(它們有長(zhǎng)有短，有情感上的，也有事實(shí)上的，現(xiàn)在我的工作將是剪切和選擇，重新措辭和引用，并計(jì)算每個(gè)投稿人的字?jǐn)?shù)——我們的整個(gè)合集加起來(lái)不得超過(guò)650字)”可知，作者需要對(duì)投稿進(jìn)行編輯和調(diào)整。故選A。【25題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thetoughpartistryingtogivemoreorlessequalspacetoeachoftheselifeaccounts,sincesomeofustendtorelateincidentsingreatdetailwhileothersaretight-lipped.Ifnineofusaltogether,includingme,contributenotes,theneachnoteisallowedalittleoverseventywords.Ifanothercontributioncomesinatthelastminute,weallgodowntoaboutsixty-five.DoIcutoutthetriptoCostaRica,orthevisittothenephewinNewJersey?Therecentgrandchild,brokenleg,orScrabble(拼字游戲)competition?(最困難的部分是試圖為這些生活描述中的每一個(gè)提供或多或少相等的空間，因?yàn)槲覀冎械囊恍┤藘A向于詳細(xì)地講述事件，而另一些人則守口如瓶。如果我們九個(gè)人，包括我在內(nèi)，一起寫筆記，那么每個(gè)筆記都允許有七十多個(gè)單詞。如果在最后一刻收到另一份捐款，我們都會(huì)減少到大約六十五份。我該取消去哥斯達(dá)黎加的行程，還是去新澤西看望侄子的行程？最近摔斷腿的孫子還是拼字游戲比賽？)”可知，作者通過(guò)舉例說(shuō)明了工作的困難。故選B。【26題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Iwasalsotouchedthatmyclassmatessuggestedmeforthejob,theirsensiblereasonbeing:“You’reawriter.”(我也很感動(dòng)，我的同學(xué)推薦我做這份工作，他們明智的理由是：“你是個(gè)作家?！?”可推知，作者被她的同學(xué)們認(rèn)可。故選D?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Asa65-year-oldlady,Ifeeltiredsometimes,butI’veneverstoppedvaluingeverymomentinthisjob.(作為一名65歲的女士，我有時(shí)會(huì)感到疲憊，但我從未停止過(guò)珍惜這份工作中的每一刻)”可知，作者珍惜這份工作中的每一刻，由此可推知，作者認(rèn)為這份工作很值得。故選B。CHeidiTait,co-founderofTangaroaBlue,anorganizationcommittedtobeachcleaning,waspuzzledwhensheandherteammatesstartedfindingstrangetire-shapedcapsuleswashedashorealongtheCapeYorkcoast,nearAustralia’snortheasterntip.ButTaiteventuallyconnectedwithSatlink—aSpanishsatellitecommunicationscompany.Satlink’sGPS-enabledbuoys(浮標(biāo)),theonesthebeachcleanerskeptfinding,helpcommercialfisherstracktheirnets,linesetc.Taithadabrainwavethatwouldseethebuoysnotjustrecycledbutreused.Formorethanadecade,boatcrewsworkingfartherwest,inAustralia’sGulfofCarpentaria,hadbeentellingTaitabouthowabandonedfishingnetswerecirclingthegulf,hurtingseacreatures.Theseso-calledghost(幽靈)netshadeitherbrokenfreefromcommercialfishingboatsandgottenlost,orwerecutloosebyfishersaftergettingcaughtonrocks.Weighingafewtonneseach,thenetsthatboatcrewshadchanceduponinthegulfwereoftentoobigforthemtopulloutofthewater.They’dtypicallyreportthefindstotheauthorities,butbythetimeanyonewithanappropriatelyequippedboatcouldheadouttogetone,themassofmessyropehadoftengonefromsight.However,onceoneoftheGPS-enabledbuoysisattached,itsendsitslocationeveryfewhourstoawebsite,whichletsTangaroaBluemonitorthenets’movements’andwarnstheorganizationofdanger.Sofar,thereusedGPStrackershavehelpedTangaroaBluerecoverthreeghostnetsfromAustralianwaters.TangaroaBlue’sideatotrackghostnetsisn’tentirelynew;researcherswiththeCommonwealthScientificandIndustrialResearchOrganisation(CSIRO),Australia’snationalscienceagency,suggesteditadecadeago.Takingtheideaonboard,theauthoritiestriedusingbattery-poweredtrackerstomonitorafewghostnets.TangaroaBlue’sapproachdiffersinthatitsrecycledbuoysaresolarpoweredandrequirelessupkeep.28.Whatwerethetire-shapedcapsulesoriginallyusedfor?A.Removingbeachwaste. B.Recyclingvehicletires.C.Locatingfishingequipment. D.Strengtheningsatellitesignals.29.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph2?A.Illustrateafuturepossibility. B.Describeatechnicalprocess.C.Presentapracticalsolution. D.Frameaproblemcontext.30.HowdoTangaroaBlue’sbuoysoutperformearliertrackers?A.Theyneedlessmaintenance. B.Theymonitorbroaderregions.C.Theyreceivegovernmentfunding. D.Theyprovideprecisetrackingdata.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TurningWasteintoTreasure:AFixtoGhostNetsB.FightingThreats:TheHiddenHarmofGhostNetsC.FinancingChange:InnovativeOceanCleanupPlansD.ProtectingSeasfromWaste:AnActivistofConservation【答案】28.C29.D30.A31.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了TangaroaBlue組織如何利用回收的GPS浮標(biāo)來(lái)追蹤和回收澳大利亞水域中的幽靈漁網(wǎng)?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ButTaiteventuallyconnectedwithSatlink—aSpanishsatellitecommunicationscompany.Satlink’sGPS-enabledbuoys(浮標(biāo)),theonesthebeachcleanerskeptfinding,helpcommercialfisherstracktheirnets,linesetc.(但Tait最終與西班牙衛(wèi)星通信公司Satlink取得了聯(lián)系。Satlink公司的GPS浮標(biāo)，也就是海灘清潔工不斷發(fā)現(xiàn)的浮標(biāo)，可以幫助商業(yè)漁民追蹤他們的漁網(wǎng)和漁線等)”可知，輪胎形狀的膠囊最初用于定位漁具。故選C?！?9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Formorethanadecade,boatcrewsworkingfartherwest,inAustralia’sGulfofCarpentaria,hadbeentellingTaitabouthowabandonedfishingnetswerecirclingthegulf,hurtingseacreatures.Theseso-calledghost(幽靈)netshadeitherbrokenfreefromcommercialfishingboatsandgottenlost,orwerecutloosebyfishersaftergettingcaughtonrocks.Weighingafewtonneseach,thenetsthatboatcrewshadchanceduponinthegulfwereoftentoobigforthemtopulloutofthewater.They’dtypicallyreportthefindstotheauthorities,butbythetimeanyonewithanappropriatelyequippedboatcouldheadouttogetone,themassofmessyropehadoftengonefromsight.(十多年來(lái)，在澳大利亞卡奔塔利亞灣更西邊的海域工作的船隊(duì)一直在向泰特（Tait）講述廢棄漁網(wǎng)如何在海灣中打轉(zhuǎn)，傷害海洋生物。這些所謂的“幽靈漁網(wǎng)”要么是從商業(yè)漁船上掙脫后丟失的，要么是在被巖石掛住后被漁民割斷的。船隊(duì)在海灣中偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)的這些漁網(wǎng)，每個(gè)都有幾噸重，通常都太大，他們無(wú)法將其拖出水面。他們通常會(huì)向當(dāng)局報(bào)告這些發(fā)現(xiàn)，但等到有配備適當(dāng)設(shè)備的船只能夠出發(fā)去打撈時(shí)，那一大團(tuán)雜亂的繩子往往已經(jīng)不見了蹤影)”可知，作者在第二段中打算構(gòu)建一個(gè)問(wèn)題的背景。故選D?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“TangaroaBlue’sapproachdiffersinthatitsrecycledbuoysaresolarpoweredandrequirelessupkeep.(TangaroaBlue的不同之處在于，它的回收浮標(biāo)是太陽(yáng)能供電的，需要的維護(hù)較少)”可知，塔加羅阿藍(lán)的浮標(biāo)在性能上與早期的追蹤器相比的優(yōu)勢(shì)是它們需要更少的維護(hù)。故選A?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“HeidiTait,co-founderofTangaroaBlue,anorganizationcommittedtobeachcleaning,waspuzzledwhensheandherteammatesstartedfindingstrangetire-shapedcapsuleswashedashorealongtheCapeYorkcoast,nearAustralia’snortheasterntip.(HeidiTait是TangaroaBlue的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人，該組織致力于清潔海灘。當(dāng)她和她的隊(duì)友們開始在澳大利亞?wèn)|北端附近的約克角海岸發(fā)現(xiàn)奇怪的輪胎形膠囊時(shí)，她感到很困惑)”以及最后一段第一句“TangaroaBlue’sideatotrackghostnetsisn’tentirelynew;researcherswiththeCommonwealthScientificandIndustrialResearchOrganisation(CSIRO),Australia’snationalscienceagency,suggesteditadecadeago.(塔加羅阿藍(lán)跟蹤幽靈網(wǎng)的想法并不是全新的；澳大利亞國(guó)家科學(xué)機(jī)構(gòu)英聯(lián)邦科學(xué)與工業(yè)研究組織（CSIRO）的研究人員十年前就提出了這個(gè)建議)”可知，本文介紹了TangaroaBlue組織如何利用回收的GPS浮標(biāo)來(lái)追蹤和回收澳大利亞水域中的幽靈漁網(wǎng)，所以這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題是A項(xiàng)“變廢為寶：幽靈網(wǎng)的解決方案”。故選A。DInhealthresearch,determiningtruecauses—likewhetherdrinkingwineaffectshealth—isvitalforinformeddecisions.But“correlationdoesnotequalcausation(因果關(guān)系)”iswidelyrecognized.Thenhowdoresearchersmovebeyondcorrelationstofindanswers?Correlationsoftenexistwithoutimplyingcausation.Forinstance,chocolateconsumptioncorrelateswiththenumberofNobelPrizewinnersinsomecountries.DoeseatingchocolateboostNobelwins?No.Thiscorrelationlikelyexistsbecausechocolateconsumptionservesasaproxyforwealth.Inturn,wealthrelatestoeducationandresearchfunding—keyfactorsbehindNobelachievements.So,justfindingalinkisn’tenough.Scientistsneedmorestrongevidencetoestablishcausation.Unlikehighlycontrolledchemistryorphysicsexperiments,whichcaneasilyshowhowXaffectsY,humanbiologyoftenreliesonindirectevidence.Itrequires“inductivereasoning”—drawinggeneralconclusionsfromavailableevidence.It’slikehowaprosecutor(檢察官)buildsacriminalcaseusingcircumstantialevidence.Whileindividualpiecesmightnotbepersuasive,theirbuild-upstrengthensthecase.There’soneinterestingcontrast,however..Incriminalcases,thestandardofproofis“beyondreasonabledoubt”,butsciencedemandsproofbased“onthebalanceofprobabilities”.Thisreflectsscientists’willingnesstorevisetheirbeliefswhenbetterevidenceemerges.Indirectevidenceiscrucialforinferringcausation,butitisnotalwaysconclusive.Thegoldstandardfordirectevidenceofcausationistherandomisedcontrolledtrial(RCT),whereparticipantsarerandomlyassignedtoeitherreceiveaninterventionortobea“control”.Thisensuresifyouseeadifferencebetweenthetwogroups,thiscanonlybeduetotheeffectoftheintervention,whicheffectivelyprovescausation.Unfortunately,ethical(道德的)considerationsoftenpreventusconductingRCTs.Forinstance,welackRCTevidencethatsmokingcauseslungcancerbecausetheindirectevidenceissostrongthatsuchstudieswouldbeunethical.Causationinhealthdoesn’tworkinasimpleway.Factorslikelifestyle,genes,andenvironmentinteracttodeterminediseaserisk.Achievingperfecthealthrequiresavarietyofactions,asnosinglehabit,superfood,ormagicpillistheanswer.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“proxy”inparagraph2mean?A.Replacement. B.Condition. C.Indicator. D.Preference.33.Howdoscientists’inferencesdifferfromprosecutors’conclusions?A.Theyremainopentoupdate. B.Theyguaranteeabsolutecertainty.C.Theyrelylargelyonindirectevidence. D.Theyrequirehigherstandardofproof.34.WhyisRCTconsideredthegoldstandardforestablishingcausation?A.Itofferswideapplication. B.Itensuresfairassignment.C.Itavoidsethicalconsiderations. D.Itidentifiesinterventioneffects.35.Whatistheauthor’ssuggestionforhealthimprovement?A.Countingongoodhabits. B.Integratingmultiplestrategies.C.Takingacure-allpill. D.Leadinganactivelifestyle.【答案】32.C33.A34.D35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要討論了健康研究中確定真正原因的重要性，以及研究人員如何超越相關(guān)性來(lái)尋找答案?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前文“Correlationsoftenexistwithoutimplyingcausation.Forinstance,chocolateconsumptioncorrelateswiththenumberofNobelPrizewinnersinsomecountries.(相關(guān)性常常存在，但并不意味著因果關(guān)系。例如，在一些國(guó)家，巧克力的消費(fèi)量與諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者的數(shù)量有關(guān))”以及后文“Inturn,wealthrelatestoeducationandresearchfunding—keyfactorsbehindNobelachievements.(反過(guò)來(lái)，財(cái)富與教育和研究經(jīng)費(fèi)有關(guān)——這是諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)成就背后的關(guān)鍵因素)”可知，討論巧克力和諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的聯(lián)系，所以前句應(yīng)是“巧克力消費(fèi)是財(cái)富的指標(biāo)”之意，推知proxy意為“指標(biāo)”和C項(xiàng)意思相近。故選C項(xiàng)。【33題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“There’soneinterestingcontrast,however.Incriminalcases,thestandardofproofis“beyondreasonabledoubt”,butsciencedemandsproofbased“onthebalanceofprobabilities”.Thisreflectsscientists’willingnesstorevisetheirbeliefswhenbetterevidenceemerges.(然而，有一個(gè)有趣的對(duì)比。在刑事案件中，證明標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是“排除合理懷疑”，但科學(xué)要求證明基于“可能性平衡”。這反映了科學(xué)家在出現(xiàn)更好的證據(jù)時(shí)愿意修正自己的觀點(diǎn)。)”可知，科學(xué)家的推斷與檢察官的結(jié)論不同之處在于，科學(xué)家愿意在出現(xiàn)更好的證據(jù)時(shí)修正自己的觀點(diǎn)，即他們的推斷是開放的、可以更新的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thegoldstandardfordirectevidenceofcausationistherandomisedcontrolledtrial(RCT),whereparticipantsarerandomlyassignedtoeitherreceiveaninterventionortobea“control”.Thisensuresifyouseeadifferencebetweenthetwogroups,thiscanonlybeduetotheeffectoftheintervention,whicheffectivelyprovescausation.（因果關(guān)系直接證據(jù)的金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是隨機(jī)對(duì)照試驗(yàn)(RCT)，參與者被隨機(jī)分配到接受干預(yù)組或“對(duì)照組”。這就確保了如果你看到兩組之間的差異，這只能是由于干預(yù)的效果，從而有效地證明了因果關(guān)系。）''可知，RCT被認(rèn)為是確定因果關(guān)系的金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是因?yàn)樗_定了干預(yù)措施的效果，從而有效地證明了因果關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Causationinhealthdoesn’tworkinasimpleway.Factorslikelifestyle,genes,andenvironmentinteracttodeterminediseaserisk.Achievingperfecthealthrequiresavarietyofactions,asnosinglehabit,superfood,ormagicpillistheanswer.(健康的因果關(guān)系并不簡(jiǎn)單。生活方式、基因和環(huán)境等因素相互作用決定疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。達(dá)到完美的健康需要各種各樣的行動(dòng)，因?yàn)闆](méi)有單一的習(xí)慣，超級(jí)食物或神奇藥丸是答案。)”可知，作者建議要整合多種策略來(lái)改善健康。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。I’vealwaysdislikedgettingupinwinter.Asachild,Iwoulddragmyselfoutofbed,myeyeshalf-closed,andwatchmyschooluniformwarmingontheradiator.____36____It’stoodark,andIamalwayshalf-asleep.____37____Mostofthemarefun,butfewreallychangemylifeinthelongrun.Sunrisealarmclocks,however,aredifferent.They’vebecomeafundamentalpartofmymorningroutine.Mytoppicks,theLumieBodyclockSpark100andPhilipsSmartSleep,havegreatlybenefitedme.I’mwakingupeverydayfeelingmoreenergeticandmentallysharper.Essentially,sunrisealarmclocksareacombinationofalarmclockandlighttreatmentdevicethatshineswithincreasingbrightnessasyourwake-uptimeapproaches.Thelightinteractswithournaturalsleep-wakecycle,muchasthesundoeswhenitrises.____38____Sunrisealarmclocksalsopromotehealthiersleephabits.Inourtech-drivenworld,wakingupoftenmeansimmediatelycheckingourphones.Animportantstrengthofsunrisealarmclocksisthatyourmorningwake-upnolongerinvolvesyourphone.Stoppingasmartphonealarmmeansyourdaybeginswitheyeson-screen.____39____Butwiththeseclocks,youcanstartthedaywithaclearermindandmoreconcentration.Sleepispersonal,andnosingledevicefitseveryone.Butforme,sunrisealarmclockshavebeenagame-changer.They’reaffordable,withqualitymodelsavailableforunder￡30.____40____Afterall,somemorningpeoplearemade,notborn.A.Theyprovetofallintothisuniquecategory.B.Interestedintech,Ioftentestfascinatingdevices.C.Therefore,wewakeupbiologicallypreparedfortheday.D.Thepathtoendlessscreentimeisjustafingerprintaway.E.Thesedays,IsetmultiplealarmstoensureI’mwokenup.F.Ifyouarestrugglingwithdarkmornings,it’sworthashot.G.AllofthesunrisealarmclocksI’vetestedhavetheirstrengths.【答案】36.E37.B38.C39.D40.F【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了日出鬧鐘的功能、優(yōu)點(diǎn)以及作者個(gè)人的使用體驗(yàn)。詳細(xì)解釋了日出鬧鐘如何結(jié)合鬧鐘和光治療設(shè)備的功能，通過(guò)逐漸增強(qiáng)的光線亮度來(lái)模擬日出，從而幫助人們更自然地醒來(lái)，并促進(jìn)更健康的睡眠習(xí)慣?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Asachild,Iwoulddragmyselfoutofbed,myeyeshalf-closed,andwatchmyschooluniformwarmingontheradiator.(小時(shí)候，我會(huì)半閉著眼睛，拖著自己從床上起來(lái)，看著我的校服在暖氣片上暖著)”以及下文“It’stoodark,andIamalwayshalf-asleep.(天太黑了，我總是處于半睡半醒的狀態(tài))”可推測(cè)，這里說(shuō)的是現(xiàn)在作者起床的狀況。選項(xiàng)E“Thesedays,IsetmultiplealarmstoensureI’mwokenup.(如今，我會(huì)設(shè)置好幾個(gè)鬧鐘來(lái)確保自己能醒來(lái))”符合語(yǔ)境，銜接上下文，說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在作者為了起床所采取的措施。故選E。【37題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Mostofthemarefun,butfewreallychangemylifeinthelongrun.Sunrisealarmclocks,however,aredifferent.(其中大多數(shù)都很有趣，但從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，真正改變我生活的很少。然而，日出鬧鐘就不一樣了)”可推測(cè)，空處要提到“them”所指代的內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)B“Interestedintech,Ioftentestfascinatingdevices.(因?yàn)閷?duì)科技感興趣，我經(jīng)常測(cè)試一些有趣的設(shè)備)”能引出下文，說(shuō)明作者測(cè)試各種設(shè)備，然后引出對(duì)日出鬧鐘的介紹。其中的“devices”與下文的“them”指代一致。故選B。【38題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Essentially,sunrisealarmclocksareacombinationofalarmclockandlighttreatmentdevicethatshineswithincreasingbrightnessasyourwake-uptimeapproaches.Thelightinteractswithournaturalsleep-wakecycle,muchasthesundoeswhenitrises.(從本質(zhì)上講，日出鬧鐘是鬧鐘和光療設(shè)備的結(jié)合，隨著起床時(shí)間的臨近，它會(huì)越來(lái)越亮。這種光線與我們自然的睡眠-覺(jué)醒周期相互作用，就像太陽(yáng)升起時(shí)一樣)”可知，這里說(shuō)的是日出鬧鐘的原理以及對(duì)我們的影響。選項(xiàng)C“Therefore,wewakeupbiologicallypreparedfortheday.(因此，我們醒來(lái)時(shí)在生理上已經(jīng)為新的一天做好了準(zhǔn)備)”是對(duì)上文的總結(jié)，說(shuō)明因?yàn)檫@種光的作用——我們能在生理上做好起床準(zhǔn)備。故選C?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Stoppingasmartphonealarmmeansyourdaybeginswitheyeson-screen.(關(guān)掉智能手機(jī)的鬧鐘意味著你的一天從看屏幕開始)”可知，這里說(shuō)的是用手機(jī)鬧鐘的情況。選項(xiàng)D“Thepathtoendlessscreentimeisjustafingerprintaway.(進(jìn)入無(wú)休止的屏幕時(shí)間的路徑只需一個(gè)指紋的距離)”進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明了用手機(jī)鬧鐘后很容易進(jìn)入長(zhǎng)時(shí)間看屏幕的狀態(tài)，銜接上文。故選D?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Butforme,sunrisealarmclockshavebeenagame-changer.They’reaffordable,withqualitymodelsavailableforunder￡30.(但對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，日出鬧鐘改變了我的生活。它們價(jià)格實(shí)惠，優(yōu)質(zhì)的型號(hào)售價(jià)不到30英鎊)”以及下文“Afterall,somemorningpeoplearemade,notborn.(畢竟，有些喜歡早起的人是后天養(yǎng)成的，而不是天生的)”可知，本段是在推薦日出鬧鐘。選項(xiàng)F“Ifyouarestrugglingwithdarkmornings,it’sworthashot.(如果你在黑暗的早晨起床困難，這值得一試)”符合語(yǔ)境，承上啟下，推薦那些起床困難的人試試日出鬧鐘。故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IwasexcitedabouttheLondonOlympicsandwantedtobepartofit.Ididn’t____41____ifIwasoutsidethevenuesdancing.Searchingonline,Ithoughttheymightneed____42____.Figuringthere’dbethousandsofapplicantsfortherole,Ineverexpectedto____43____.Yetweekslater,Iwasinvitedtoatwo-day____44____attheLondonSwimmingCentre.Itwas____45____—therewereknockoutstagesandyouonlygotonechance.Inthefirstround,theones____46____tomakeittothebottomofa5-metre-deeppoolwerecut.Followedwereskillexamsandtheorytests.WhenIfinallypassed,Ifelt____47____.Online,some____48____usashaving“theeasiestjobintheworld”,butOlympiansvaluedusandsometimeseven____49____us.IoncegotaTeamGBswimmingcap.Youcouldbeatopsurgeon,butifyoudon’tknowhowtopullsomebodyoutofthewater____50____,you’vedonethedamagebeforetheyevengettreatment.And____51____didhappen.Irememberhelpinganathleteswimmingheadfirstintothewall.Therearestarstruckmoments.Thatsaid,it’svery____52____whenyou’reinthechair.Youforgetallaboutthosestarathletesbecauseyou’resofocusedonmaking____53____inyourheadwhilecheckingeachathlete’smovementtoseeifanythingdoesn’tlookright.NoteverythingisshownonTV.Guardingpoolsisthestuffgoingon____54____.ButoursilentreadinessrepresentstheGames’truespirit,whereeveryrole,however____55____matters.41.A.care B.admit C.doubt D.know42.A.coaches B.athletes C.lifeguards D.firefighters43.A.stepaway B.hearback C.showoff D.signup44.A.routine B.practice C.experiment D.trial45.A.dangerous B.simple C.intense D.valuable46.A.pretending B.intending C.failing D.desiring47.A.misfortune B.disbelief C.dishonesty D.misunderstanding48.A.trusted B.admired C.discovered D.dismissed49.A.gifted B.assisted C.bothered D.ignored50.A.correctly B.immediately C.gently D.hurriedly51.A.wonders B.accidents C.changes D.events52.A.annoying B.painful C.impressive D.professional53.A.healthwarnings B.riskassessments C.safetyrules D.workarrangements54.A.behindthescene B.atrandom C.bychance D.inthespotlight55.A.unexpected B.undisturbed C.unhurt D.unseen【答案】41.A42.C43.B44.D45.C46.C47.B48.D49.A50.A51.B52.D53.B54.A55.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是記敘文。講述了作者參與倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)志愿者工作，特別是作為救生員的經(jīng)歷和感受。【41題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我不在乎是否在場(chǎng)館外跳舞。A.care關(guān)心；B.admit承認(rèn)；C.doubt懷疑；D.know知道。根據(jù)前文“IwasexcitedabouttheLondonOlympicsandwantedtobepartofit.”可知，作者想成為倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)的一員，所以此處應(yīng)是“只要能成為其中一員，不在乎是否在場(chǎng)館外跳舞”之意。故選A項(xiàng)。【42題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在網(wǎng)上搜索，我想他們可能需要救生員。A.coaches教練；B.athletes運(yùn)動(dòng)員；C.lifeguards救生員；D.firefighters消防員。根據(jù)后文“butifyoudon’tknowhowtopullsomebodyoutofthewater”可知，作者需要把人從水里救出來(lái)，所以是應(yīng)聘救生員。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我以為會(huì)有成千上萬(wàn)的人申請(qǐng)這個(gè)職位，沒(méi)想到會(huì)收到回信。A.stepaway離開；B.hearback收到回復(fù)；C.showoff炫耀；D.signup報(bào)名。根據(jù)前文“Figuringthere’dbethousandsofapplicantsfortherole”可知，作者以為會(huì)有成千上萬(wàn)的人申請(qǐng)這個(gè)職位，所以沒(méi)料到會(huì)收到回復(fù)。故選B項(xiàng)【44題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而幾周后，我被邀請(qǐng)到倫敦游泳中心參加為期兩天的測(cè)試。A.routine常規(guī)；B.practice練習(xí)；C.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；D.trial測(cè)試。根據(jù)后文“therewereknockoutstagesandyouonlygotonechance.”可知，每個(gè)人只有一次機(jī)會(huì)，所以應(yīng)是兩天的測(cè)試。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：比賽很激烈——淘汰賽階段，你只有一次機(jī)會(huì)。A.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；B.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；C.intense激烈的；D.valuable有價(jià)值的。根據(jù)后文“therewereknockoutstagesandyouonlygotonechance.”可知，比賽很激烈。故選C項(xiàng)。【46題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在第一輪比賽中，未能到達(dá)5米深的水池底部的選手將被淘汰。A.pretending假裝；B.intending打算；C.failing失敗；D.desiring渴望。根據(jù)后文“makeittothebottomofa5-metre-deeppoolwerecut”可知，應(yīng)是“未能到達(dá)5米深的水池底部的選手將被淘汰”之意。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我終于通過(guò)考試時(shí)，我感到難以置信。A.misfortune不幸；B.disbelief不相信；C.dishonesty不誠(chéng)實(shí)；D.misunderstanding誤解。根據(jù)前文“Figuringthere’dbethousandsofapplicantsfortherole”以及“therewereknockoutstagesandyouonlygotonechance”可知，作者認(rèn)為有很多人申請(qǐng)，淘汰賽的時(shí)候競(jìng)爭(zhēng)也非常激烈，所以能通過(guò)測(cè)試，作者感到難以置信。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在網(wǎng)上，一些人認(rèn)為我們的工作是“世界上最簡(jiǎn)單的”，但奧運(yùn)選手們重視我們，有時(shí)甚至給我們禮物。A.trusted信任；B.admired欽佩；C.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.dismissed不重視。根據(jù)后文“butOlympiansvaluedus”可知，和前文表轉(zhuǎn)折，此處說(shuō)奧運(yùn)選手們重視“我們”，所以空處應(yīng)是認(rèn)為“我們”的工作不重要。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在網(wǎng)上，一些人認(rèn)為我們的工作是“世界上最簡(jiǎn)單的”，但奧運(yùn)選手們重視我們，有時(shí)甚至給我們禮物。A.gifted贈(zèng)送；B.assisted幫助；C.bothered麻煩；D.ignored忽略。根據(jù)前文“butOlympiansvaluedus”可知，奧運(yùn)選手們重視“我們”，所以有時(shí)甚至給“我們”禮物。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：你可能是一名頂級(jí)外科醫(yī)生，但如果你不知道如何正確地把人從水里拉出來(lái)，你甚至在他們得到治療之前就已經(jīng)造成了傷害。A.correctly正確地；B.immediately立即；C.gently溫柔地；D.hurriedly匆忙地。根據(jù)后文“you’vedonethedamagebeforetheyevengettreatment”可知，如果你不知道如何正確地把人從水里拉出來(lái)，你甚至在他們得到治療之前就已經(jīng)造成了傷害。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：事故確實(shí)發(fā)生了。A.wonders奇跡；B.accidents事故；C.changes變化；D.events事件。根據(jù)后文“Irememberhelpinganathleteswimmingheadfirstintothewall.”可知，有時(shí)確實(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生意外。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：也就是說(shuō)，當(dāng)你坐在椅子上的時(shí)候是非常專業(yè)的。A.annoying惱人的；B.painful痛苦的；C.impressive印象深刻的；D.professional專業(yè)的。根據(jù)后文“Youforgetallaboutthosestarathletesbecauseyou’resofocusedonmakinginyourheadwhilecheckingeachathlete’smovementtoseeifanythingdoesn’tlookright.”可知，坐在椅子上時(shí)，頭腦中專注于進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估，而忘記了所有那些明星運(yùn)動(dòng)員，所以是專業(yè)的。故選D項(xiàng)。【53題詳析】考查名詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：你忘記了所有那些明星運(yùn)動(dòng)員，因?yàn)槟闾珜Ｗ⒂谠谀愕念^腦中進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估，同時(shí)檢查每個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的動(dòng)作，看看是否有什么不對(duì)勁。A.healthwarnings健康警告；B.riskassessments風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估；C.safetyrules安全規(guī)則；D.workarrangements工作安排。根據(jù)后文“checkingeachathlete’smovementtoseeifanythingdoesn’tlookright”可知，檢查每個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的動(dòng)作，看看是否有什么不對(duì)勁，所以是進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：守衛(wèi)泳池是幕后的事。A.behind