2025年英語專業(yè)四級閱讀理解實(shí)戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練試卷：提升閱讀速度與理解力考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartIReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTheinternethasrevolutionizedthewayweaccessandshareinformation,butithasalsogivenrisetoanewformofintellectualpropertyconflict:the'deepfake'.Deepfakesaresyntheticmedia,includingimages,videos,andaudio,createdwithartificialintelligence(AI)techniquestoappearasiftheydepictrealeventsthatneveroccurredoraresignificantlyaltered.Whilethetechnologybehinddeepfakeshaspotentialapplicationsinentertainmentandmediaproduction,itsmisuseforcreatingmisleadingcontentposesseriouschallenges.Oneoftheprimaryconcernssurroundingdeepfakesistheirpotentialtounderminetrustinmediaandpublicinstitutions.Arealisticdeepfakevideocaneasilydeceiveviewersintobelievingfalseinformation,suchasfabricatedpoliticalspeechesorfakenewsreports.Thiscanmanipulatepublicopinion,influenceelections,andevenincitesocialunrest.Thedifficultyindistinguishingbetweengenuineandfakecontentmakesitapotenttoolformisinformationcampaigns.Moreover,deepfakescanhavedevastatingpersonalconsequences.Forinstance,non-consensualdeepfakepornography,whererealisticsexualcontentissynthesizedusingaperson'slikenesswithouttheirpermission,isagrowingproblem.Victimsofsuchfakecontentoftensufferfromsevereemotionaldistressandreputationaldamage.Thetechnologycanalsobeusedtoimpersonateindividualsforfraudulentpurposes,suchasstealingidentitiesorconductingfinancialscams.Effortsarebeingmadetocombatthespreadofdeepfakes.Technicalsolutions,likedeepfakedetectionsoftware,arebeingdevelopedtoidentifymanipulatedmedia.However,thesetoolsareoftenreactiveandmaylagbehindtherapidevolutionofdeepfakecreationtechnologies.Regulatorymeasuresarealsobeingconsidered,butstrikingabalancebetweenprotectingprivacyandfreedomofexpressionremainsacomplexchallenge.Publicawarenessandmedialiteracyeducationarecrucialinhelpingpeoplebecomemorediscerningconsumersofdigitalcontentinanincreasinglymanipulatedinformationenvironment.Questions:1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethemainpotentialdangersofdeepfakes?3.Theword'devastating'inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:4.Whatmeasuresarementionedinthepassagetoaddresstheissueofdeepfakes?PassageTwoCitieshavelongbeenrecognizedascentersofinnovationandeconomicgrowth,attractingpeoplefromruralareasinsearchofbetteropportunities.However,rapidurbanizationoftenleadstoarangeofenvironmentalchallenges,includingairpollution,waterscarcity,andthegenerationoflargeamountsofwaste.Theseissuescansignificantlyimpactthehealthandwell-beingofurbanresidentsifnotproperlymanaged.Oneofthemostpressingenvironmentalproblemsinmanycitiesisairpollution.Emissionsfromvehicles,industrialactivities,andburningwastecontributetohighlevelsofpollutantssuchasparticulatematterandnitrogenoxides.Thesepollutantscancauserespiratorydiseases,cardiovascularproblems,andotherhealthissuesamongtheurbanpopulation.Effortstomitigateairpollutionincludepromotingpublictransportation,enforcingstricteremissionsstandards,andinvestinginrenewableenergysources.Waterscarcityisanothercriticalissuefacedbyrapidlygrowingcities.Asthepopulationincreases,thedemandforwaterrises,puttingpressureonexistingwaterresources.Climatechangeexacerbatesthisproblembyalteringprecipitationpatternsandincreasingthefrequencyofdroughts.Toaddresswaterscarcity,citiesareexploringvariousstrategies,suchasrainwaterharvesting,wastewaterrecycling,andtheadoptionofwater-efficienttechnologiesinagricultureandindustry.Wastemanagementisyetanotherchallengeposedbyurbanization.Thegenerationofwasteincreasesexponentiallywithpopulationgrowth,leadingtotheneedformorelandfillspaceandincreasedpollution.Sustainablewastemanagementpractices,suchasrecycling,composting,andreducingsingle-useplastics,areessentialformitigatingtheenvironmentalimpactofurbanwaste.Additionally,integratingwaste-to-energytechnologiescanhelpconvertwasteintousefulresources.Questions:5.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?6.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethemainsourcesofairpollutionincities?7.Theword'exacerbates'inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:8.Whataresomesustainablewastemanagementpracticesmentionedinthepassage?PassageThreeTheconceptof'work-lifebalance'hasgainedsignificantattentioninrecentyearsastheboundariesbetweenprofessionalandpersonallifehavebecomeincreasinglyblurred.Theriseofremoteworkandtheuseofdigitaltechnologyhavemadeiteasierforpeopletostayconnectedwiththeirjobsoutsideoftraditionalworkinghours,leadingtoconcernsaboutburnoutanddecreasedwell-being.Formanyemployees,thechallengeliesinmaintainingaclearseparationbetweenworkandpersonaltime.Theconstantavailabilityprovidedbydigitaldevices,suchassmartphonesandlaptops,meansthatworkcaneasilyencroachonpersonallife.Thiscanleadtolongerworkinghours,asindividualsfeelpressuredtorespondtoworkmessagesandemailsatalltimes.Theresultinglackofdowntimecancontributetostress,anxiety,andothermentalhealthissues.Employersalsoplayacrucialroleinpromotingwork-lifebalance.Creatingasupportiveworkculturethatencouragesemployeestotakebreaks,usetheirvacationtime,andsetboundariesbetweenworkandpersonallifeisessential.Flexibleworkarrangements,suchastelecommutingorflexiblehours,canalsohelpemployeesbettermanagetheirresponsibilities.Additionally,providingaccesstomentalhealthresourcesandpromotingregularexerciseandrelaxationtechniquescancontributetooverallwell-being.Whilework-lifebalanceisimportantforindividualhealthandproductivity,italsobenefitsorganizations.Employeeswhofeelthattheirpersonallivesarerespectedandsupportedaremorelikelytobeengaged,motivated,andproductive.Byfosteringahealthyworkenvironment,companiescanreduceturnoverratesandattracttoptalent.Ultimately,achievingwork-lifebalanceisasharedresponsibilitybetweenemployeesandemployers,requiringaconsciousefforttoprioritizebothprofessionalandpersonalwell-being.Questions:9.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?10.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethemainchallengesofmaintainingwork-lifebalanceinthemodernworkplace?11.Theword'encroach'inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:12.Whataresomestrategiesmentionedinthepassageforemployerstopromotework-lifebalance?PassageFourTheglobalfoodsystemfacesnumerouschallengesinthe21stcentury,includingclimatechange,populationgrowth,andincreasingdemandforfood.Toensurefoodsecurityforagrowingpopulation,innovativesolutionsareneededtoimproveagriculturalproductivityandsustainability.Onepromisingapproachistheintegrationoftraditionalfarmingknowledgewithmoderntechnologicaladvancements.Precisionagriculture,whichusestechnologysuchasGPS,sensors,anddataanalyticstooptimizecropproduction,isrevolutionizingthewayfarmersmanagetheirland.Byprovidingdetailedinformationaboutsoilconditions,waterlevels,andcrophealth,precisionagricultureenablesfarmerstomakemoreinformeddecisionsaboutplanting,irrigation,andfertilization.Thiscanleadtoincreasedyields,reducedresourceconsumption,andlowerenvironmentalimpact.Anotherinnovativesolutionistheuseofverticalfarming,whichinvolvesgrowingcropsinverticallystackedlayers,oftenincontrolledenvironments.Thisapproachcansignificantlyreducethelandandwaterrequiredforagriculture,makingitparticularlysuitableforurbanareas.Verticalfarmscanalsooperateyear-round,regardlessofexternalweatherconditions,ensuringastablefoodsupply.Additionally,theuseofhydroponicoraeroponicsystems,whichdonotrequiresoil,canfurtherincreasetheefficiencyoffoodproduction.Sustainablefarmingpracticesarealsocrucialforaddressingglobalfoodsecuritychallenges.Techniquessuchascroprotation,intercropping,andtheuseoforganicfertilizerscanhelpmaintainsoilhealth,reducerelianceonsyntheticchemicals,andimprovebiodiversity.Furthermore,promotingagroecology,whichintegratesecologicalprinciplesintoagriculturalpractices,canleadtomoreresilientandsustainablefoodsystems.Questions:13.Whatistheprimaryfocusofthepassage?14.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethemainbenefitsofprecisionagriculture?15.Theword'resilient'inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:16.Whataresomesustainablefarmingpracticesmentionedinthepassage?---試卷答案PartIReadingComprehensionPassageOne1.A2.C3.B4.DPassageTwo5.A6.B7.C8.APassageThree9.C10.A11.D12.BPassageFour13.D14.B15.A16.C---解析思路PassageOne1.A解析：文章首段提出互聯(lián)網(wǎng)帶來了深度偽造技術(shù)，并指出其潛在應(yīng)用和濫用問題，引出全文主題——深度偽造技術(shù)的興起及其帶來的挑戰(zhàn)。后續(xù)段落分別闡述了其對媒體信任、個(gè)人和社會(huì)的潛在危害，以及應(yīng)對措施。因此，文章主要目的是介紹深度偽造技術(shù)及其帶來的問題。2.C解析：文章第二段重點(diǎn)討論了深度偽造可能操縱公眾輿論、影響選舉和引發(fā)社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩，這些都屬于個(gè)人和社會(huì)層面的嚴(yán)重后果。第三段則具體描述了非自愿深度偽造色情對個(gè)人的毀滅性影響。因此，主要危險(xiǎn)在于其對個(gè)人和社會(huì)造成的嚴(yán)重后果。3.B解析：根據(jù)上下文，深度偽造色情會(huì)對受害者造成“毀滅性的”情感困擾和聲譽(yù)損害，意味著極其嚴(yán)重的、破壞性的后果?！癉evastating”在此處意為“毀滅性的”，與“破壞性的”意思最接近。4.D解析：文章最后一段提到，除了技術(shù)解決方案外，還討論了監(jiān)管措施，并指出平衡隱私和言論自由是一個(gè)復(fù)雜挑戰(zhàn)。同時(shí)，公共意識