2024年托?？荚囌骖}模擬試卷前言托福考試作為衡量非英語母語者英語語言能力的重要標準，其權威性和影響力不言而喻。對于廣大備考者而言，熟悉考試結構、掌握應試技巧并進行充分的模擬演練，是取得理想成績的關鍵。本模擬試卷嚴格參照近年來托?？荚嚨拿}趨勢與官方指南要求編制，旨在為考生提供一次貼近真實考試情境的練兵機會。希望通過這份模擬卷，考生能夠有效檢驗自身的英語水平，發(fā)現(xiàn)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，并據(jù)此調整備考策略，最終在實戰(zhàn)中脫穎而出。一、閱讀部分(ReadingSection)考試內容與題型概述托福閱讀部分旨在評估考生理解學術性文章的能力，文章題材廣泛，涵蓋自然科學、社會科學、人文藝術等多個領域。常見題型包括事實信息題、否定事實信息題、詞匯題、推斷題、指代關系題、句子簡化題、句子插入題、文章小結題和圖表題等?？荚嚂r長通常為60-80分鐘，包含3-4篇文章，每篇文章后有10道題目。模擬試題Passage1:TheOriginsofAgriculturePriortotheNeolithicRevolution,earlyhumansreliedonforagingforwildplantsandhuntingwildanimalsforsustenance.Thislifestyle,whileadaptabletovariousenvironments,imposedconstraintsonpopulationsizeandmobility.Groupswereoftensmallandnomadic,movinginsearchofseasonalfoodresources.Theshifttoagricultureinvolvedthedeliberatecultivationofplantsandthedomesticationofanimals.Thisshiftallowedformorepredictablefoodsupplies,whichinturnledtotheestablishmentofpermanentsettlements.Questions:1.Accordingtoparagraph2,whichofthefollowingwasacharacteristicofthelifestylebeforetheNeolithicRevolution?A.RelianceondomesticatedanimalsforfoodB.EstablishmentofpermanentsettlementsC.MovementofgroupstofindseasonalfoodD.Large-scalecultivationofplants2.Theword"deliberate"inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningtoA.accidentalB.intentionalC.difficultD.primitive3.Whatdoesparagraph3suggestaboutthetransitiontoagriculture?A.Itoccurredrapidlyinmostregions.B.Itwasdrivensolelybyclimatechange.C.Itbeganwithsmall-scalecultivationalongsideforaging.4.Theauthormentions"specializedlabor"inparagraph4asanexampleofA.atechnologydevelopedbyearlyfarmersB.aconsequenceofstablefoodsuppliesC.areasonforthedomesticationofanimalsD.afactorthatlimitedpopulationgrowth二、聽力部分(ListeningSection)考試內容與題型概述托福聽力部分主要考察考生理解英語口語的能力，包括校園場景對話和學術講座內容。對話通常涉及學生與教授、學生與校園工作人員之間的交流，討論課程、作業(yè)、校園服務等話題。講座則模擬大學課堂環(huán)境，內容涵蓋各個學科領域的基礎概念和理論。常見題型包括主旨題、細節(jié)題、態(tài)度題、推理題和重聽題等?？荚嚂r長約60-90分鐘。模擬試題(Note:實際考試中聽力內容會播放音頻，此處為文字描述大意及題目)Conversation1:StudentandLibrarian*Setting:Universitylibrary.*MainContent:Astudentapproachesalibrarianseekinghelpfindingresourcesforaresearchpaperonurbanplanninginthe20thcentury.Thestudentisparticularlyinterestedincasestudiesofspecificcities.Thelibrariansuggestsseveraldatabasesandreferencebooks,andalsomentionsanarchivedcollectionofurbanplanningdocumentsfromthe1950sthatmightberelevant.Thestudentisconcernedaboutaccessingthesearchivedmaterials,andthelibrarianexplainstheprocessforrequestingthem.Questions:1.Whydoesthestudentgotothelibrary?A.ToborrowaspecificbookonurbanplanningB.ToaskaboutaccessingarchiveddocumentsC.ToseekhelpfindingresourcesforaresearchpaperD.Toinquireaboutlibraryhours2.Whatdoesthelibrariansuggestthestudentlookinto?A.RecentnewspaperarticlesabouturbandevelopmentB.Anarchivedcollectionof1950surbanplanningdocumentsC.AnewdatabaseoninternationalarchitectureD.Theprofessor'spersonalcollectionofbooksLecture1:Astronomy*Setting:Collegelecturehall.*MainContent:Professordiscussestheformationandcharacteristicsofblackholes.Thelecturebeginsbyexplainingtheconceptofgravitationalcollapse,theprocessbywhichamassivestarendsitslifeandcanformablackhole.Theprofessordifferentiatesbetweenstellar-massblackholesandsupermassiveblackholes,highlightingtheirdifferencesinsizeandformation.Keypropertiessuchastheeventhorizonandsingularityareexplained.Theprofessoralsomentionsmethodsastronomersusetodetectblackholes,despitetheirinabilitytoemitlight,suchasobservingtheirgravitationaleffectsonnearbymatterandtheemissionofX-raysfromaccretiondisks.Questions:3.Whatisthemaintopicofthelecture?A.ThelifecycleofmassivestarsB.MethodsfordetectingblackholesC.TheformationandpropertiesofblackholesD.Thedifferencesbetweenstarsandblackholes4.Accordingtotheprofessor,howdoastronomersdetectblackholes?A.BydirectlyobservingthelighttheyemitB.BystudyingtheireffectonnearbymatterC.BymeasuringthesizeoftheireventhorizonD.Bydetectingthesingularityattheircenter三、口語部分(SpeakingSection)考試內容與題型概述托?？谡Z部分要求考生在規(guī)定時間內完成一系列口語任務，考察其口頭表達和溝通能力。任務類型包括獨立口語任務（表達個人觀點）和綜合口語任務（結合閱讀、聽力信息進行復述或總結）。考生需要清晰、連貫地表達自己的思想，并運用恰當?shù)恼Z言結構和詞匯?；卮饡r間通常在45秒至1分鐘不等。模擬試題Task1(IndependentSpeaking):Somepeopleprefertostudyalone,whileothersprefertostudyinagroup.Whichdoyouprefer?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.(Preparationtime:15seconds;Responsetime:45seconds)Task2(IntegratedSpeaking-Read/Listen/Speak):*ReadingPassage(45seconds):*UniversitytoCloseCampusCoffeeShop*Listening(Conversationbetweentwostudents):*Woman:Didyouhearthey'reclosingthecoffeeshopinthestudentcenter?*Man:Yeah,Isawthenotice.That'stoobad.Ireallylikedgoingtherebetweenclasses.*Woman:Metoo!Itwasn'tjustaboutthecoffee.Itwasagreatplacetomeetupwithfriendsorevenstudyforabitinamorerelaxedatmospherethanthelibrary.*Man:Exactly!Andthestudyroomstheywanttoputin—sure,weneedmorestudyspace,butthelibraryhasplentyofrooms,andthey'reusuallynotallfullexceptmaybeduringfinalsweek.Thecoffeeshopwasacentralspotthatmadecampusfeelmorelively.*Woman:Right!Andwhataboutthestudentswhoworkthere?They'lllosetheirjobs.That'snotfair.Ithinktheuniversityshouldtrytofindanotherwaytomakethecoffeeshopprofitableinsteadofjustclosingit.*Question:Thewomanexpressesheropinionabouttheuniversity'splantoclosethecampuscoffeeshop.Stateheropinionandexplainthereasonsshegivesforholdingthatopinion.(Preparationtime:30seconds;Responsetime:60seconds)四、寫作部分(WritingSection)考試內容與題型概述托福寫作部分包括綜合寫作和獨立寫作兩項任務。綜合寫作要求考生基于所閱讀的學術文章和聽到的相關講座內容，撰寫一篇總結性文章，重點在于闡述講座中的觀點如何支持、反駁或補充閱讀文章的觀點。獨立寫作則要求考生針對一個給定的話題發(fā)表個人見解，并提供充分的理由和例子支持自己的觀點。綜合寫作時長約20分鐘，獨立寫作時長約30分鐘。模擬試題Task1(IntegratedWriting-Read/Listen/Write):*ReadingPassage(3minutes):*TheDeclineofBees:ASeriousThreattoAgriculture*Inrecentyears,therehasbeenasignificantdeclineinhoneybeepopulationsworldwide,aphenomenonknownasColonyCollapseDisorder(CCD).Thisdeclineposesaseriousthreattoglobalagriculture.Beesarecrucialpollinators,responsibleforpollinatingalargepercentageofthefruits,vegetables,andnutsthatformavitalpartofthehumandiet.Itisestimatedthatapproximately70%ofmajorglobalfoodcropsdepend,atleastinpart,onpollinationbybees.*Listening(Lecturebyabiologyprofessor):*Thereadinghighlightstheseriousproblemofbeepopulationdeclineanditspotentialimpactonagriculture,whichisindeedaconcern.However,whilethefactorsmentioned—pesticides,habitatloss,andmites—arerelevant,thesituationmaynotbeasdireassomereportssuggest,andtherearereasonsforcautiousoptimism.*Firstly,regardingpesticides:it'struethatneonicotinoidscanbeharmful,butrecentstudiesandmorepreciseapplicationmethodshaveshownthatwhenusedresponsiblyandincontrolleddoses,theirimpactonbeecoloniesissignificantlyreduced.Manyfarmersarenowadoptingintegratedpestmanagementstrategiesthatminimizechemicaluse,relyingmoreonnaturalpredatorsandcroprotation.*Secondly,habitatlossisavalidissue,butthere'sagrowingmovementamongfarmersandlandownerstocreate"bee-friendly"habitats.Thisincludesplantingwildflowerstripsalongfieldedges,preservingnaturalareaswithinfarmland,andreducingtheuseofherbicidesthatkillbeneficialplants.Theseeffortsarealreadyshowingpositiveresultsinsomeregions,providingbeeswiththediversefoodsourcestheyneed.*Thirdly,theVarroamiteisatoughadversary,butbeekeepersandresearchershavedevelopedmoreeffectivetreatmentsandresistantbeebreeds.Newbiologicalcontrolmethods,suchasintroducingfungithattargetthemites,arealsobeingexplored.Additionally,improvedhivemanagementpracticeshelpkeepmitepopulationsincheck.*Finally,it'simportanttonotethathoneybeesarenottheonlypollinators.Manynativebeespecies,aswellasotherinsectslikebutterfliesandevensomebirds,contributetopollination.Protectingandpromotingbiodiversityingeneralcanhelpensurethatpollinationservicesaremaintainedevenifhoneybeepopulationsfluctuate.*Question:Summarizethepointsmadeinthelecture,explaininghowtheycastdoubtonspecificpointsmadeinthereadingpas