高考英語常用詞匯專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練題一、詞義辨析(Choosethebestanswer)1.Thegovernmenthastakeneffectivemeasuresto______thespreadofthedisease.A.preventB.protectC.preserveD.prepare*思路點(diǎn)撥：此題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。prevent強(qiáng)調(diào)阻止某事發(fā)生；protect側(cè)重保護(hù)某人/某物免受傷害；preserve指保存、維護(hù)；prepare意為準(zhǔn)備。結(jié)合語境“阻止疾病傳播”，應(yīng)選A。*2.Aftertheaccident,theinjuredwere______tothenearesthospitalimmediately.A.carriedB.sentC.rushedD.moved*思路點(diǎn)撥：這幾個(gè)詞都有“運(yùn)送”之意。carry強(qiáng)調(diào)搬運(yùn)較重的物體；send為一般性的“寄送、派遣”；rush則突出“匆忙、緊急地運(yùn)送”，符合事故后傷員被緊急送往醫(yī)院的語境。move較為寬泛。故此題選C。*3.Thenovelhasbeen______intoseverallanguagesandenjoysgreatpopularityworldwide.A.translatedB.changedC.turnedD.made*思路點(diǎn)撥：“小說被翻譯成多種語言”，固定搭配應(yīng)為o...。change強(qiáng)調(diào)改變；turn也有“轉(zhuǎn)變”之意，但搭配上不如translate精準(zhǔn)；make則完全不符合。因此答案是A。*4.Itis______thatweshouldtakemeasurestoreduceenvironmentalpollution.A.obviousB.certainC.sureD.clear*思路點(diǎn)撥：obvious,certain,clear都有“明顯的、確定的”意思。Itisobvious/certain/clearthat...都是常見句型。但sure的主語通常是人，即sb.issurethat...。此處需區(qū)分用法，A、B、D似乎皆可，但結(jié)合語境“采取措施減少污染”，obvious(顯而易見的)更側(cè)重于事情的表象易于察覺，clear強(qiáng)調(diào)清晰明了，certain強(qiáng)調(diào)確定性。根據(jù)日常表達(dá)習(xí)慣，A和D更為常用，此處A選項(xiàng)略優(yōu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)“顯而易見”。*5.Weshouldlearnto______ourtimewiselytobalancestudyandrest.A.makeB.takeC.manageD.control*思路點(diǎn)撥：managetime是“管理時(shí)間”的常用搭配。maketime意為“騰出時(shí)間”；taketime指“花費(fèi)時(shí)間”；control強(qiáng)調(diào)“控制”，不如manage貼切。故答案為C。*二、固定搭配與介詞運(yùn)用(Fillintheblankswithproperprepositionsoradverbs)1.Sheisveryparticular______whatshewearsandeats.(about)*思路點(diǎn)撥：beparticularaboutsth.是固定搭配，意為“對(duì)某事挑剔、講究”。*2.Theoldphotoremindedme______myhappychildhoodinthecountryside.(of)*思路點(diǎn)撥：remindsb.ofsth.意為“使某人想起某事”，是核心短語。*3.Wemusttryourbesttokeep______withthelatestdevelopmentsinscienceandtechnology.(up)*思路點(diǎn)撥：keepupwith意為“跟上、不落后于”，符合語境。*4.Theprojectwasput______becauseofthelackoffunds.(off)*思路點(diǎn)撥：putoff意為“推遲、延期”；puton穿上、上演；putup舉起、張貼、搭建；putdown放下、記下。根據(jù)“缺乏資金”，應(yīng)選off。*5.Hehasagift______musicandcanplayseveralmusicalinstruments.(for)*思路點(diǎn)撥：haveagiftforsth.意為“有……的天賦”，是固定用法。*1.A.giveupB.giveinC.giveout*思路點(diǎn)撥：giveup放棄；givein屈服（常與to連用）；giveout分發(fā)、耗盡。此處指“放棄”，選A。*2.A.insistB.persistC.stick*思路點(diǎn)撥：insistondoingsth.堅(jiān)持（主張、看法）；persistindoingsth.堅(jiān)持（行動(dòng)，尤指困難面前）；sticktosth.堅(jiān)持（原則、計(jì)劃等）。此處指堅(jiān)持克服困難的行動(dòng)，選B。*3.A.realizeB.recognizeC.understand*思路點(diǎn)撥：realize意識(shí)到（內(nèi)心的認(rèn)知）；recognize認(rèn)出、識(shí)別（外在的辨認(rèn)）。此處指內(nèi)心意識(shí)到，選A。*5.A.makeB.doC.take*思路點(diǎn)撥：makeadjustments是固定搭配，意為“做出調(diào)整”。*總結(jié)與建議詞匯學(xué)習(xí)非一日之功，專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練是鞏固和深化詞匯理解的有效途徑。同學(xué)們?cè)谕瓿梢陨暇毩?xí)后，應(yīng)及時(shí)進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)：1.錯(cuò)題整理：建立個(gè)人錯(cuò)題本，將做錯(cuò)的題目及涉及的詞匯、搭配抄錄下來，定期復(fù)習(xí)。2.詞義聯(lián)想：對(duì)于易混淆的詞匯，通過對(duì)比近義詞、反義詞，或構(gòu)建思維導(dǎo)圖的方式加