1/6語法專練主語從句Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.（2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷）Shesaysitisessentialwekeepcontrolofartificialintelligence，orriskbeingsidelinedandperhapsevenworse.2.（2023·全國甲卷）wediscoveredisthatit’sunwisetojudgewhatyoueatonlybyitsappearance.3.（2023·全國乙卷）ItseemsTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.4.theywouldsupportusornotstillremainsaproblem.5.Johnwaslatefortheclasshasbeenunexplained.6.willbemadecaptainofourteamisstillunknown，butonethingiscertain：isputintothispositionistoleadusoutofthepresentdifficulty.7.weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.8.Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.youcandohelps.9.thedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.10.neveroccurredtohimthattheeasierthequestionswere，themorecarefulheshouldbe.11.hewillspendhissummerholidayisuptohisparents.12.makesthebooksoextraordinaryisthecreativeimaginationofthewriter.13.theorymustgohandinhandwithpracticeisaprincipleweshouldalwayskeepinmind.14.ofyoucomesinfirstwillreceiveaprize.Ⅱ.根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子1.我們將到哪里度假對(duì)我來說無關(guān)緊要，因?yàn)槲宜枰闹皇欠潘?。（difference）weshallspendourholiday，foronlyrelaxation.2.重要的是，你要在6月28日之前提交你的文章。yourarticlebefore28June.3.要求每個(gè)學(xué)生在出國前都要學(xué)一門外語。（require）beforegoingabroad.4.人們普遍認(rèn)為，我們?nèi)绾螌?duì)待地球決定了我們將面臨什么樣的生活。whatlifewewillface.5.這是誰的過錯(cuò)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)很明顯了。isquiteclearnow.6.他錯(cuò)失這樣一個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì)很可惜。hemissedsuchagoodchance.7.他做了什么和什么時(shí)候做的是我唯一想知道的事情。theonlythingsIwanttoknow.8.是否應(yīng)該把這個(gè)舊的公共汽車站改成一家現(xiàn)代化的旅館仍在討論中。theoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwithamodernhotel.Ⅰ.閱讀理解主題語境：人與自我之生活與學(xué)習(xí)語篇類型：說明文建議用時(shí)：8分鐘AsmostAmericansspendatleast50％oftheirfoodbudgetdiningout，publiccriticismfallsonrestaurantstohelpconsumersmakehealthierfoodchoices.TheMenuLabelingFinalRulehascomeintoeffect，requiringrestaurantswithmorethan20locationstoshowthecaloriesoffoodonmenus.Byrepresentingthesevaluesinadiscrepantway—usingphysicallylargernumbersonthepageforlower-calorieoptions，andsmallernumbersforhigh-caloriefoods—businessescanshiftcustomers’preferencestowardhealthierfood，accordingtoRuiyingCaifromtheWashingtonStateUniversity.Intheirstudy，Caiandhercolleaguesaskedparticipantstochoosebetweenalesshealthyitemandahealthieroptionafterrandomlyassigningthemtotwogroups.Inthefirstgroup，caloriecountsandfontsizesroseandfelltogether.Inthesecondgroup，thesizebecamelargerasthecaloriecountfell.Researchersalsoaskedparticipantsquestionstoassesstheirhealth-consciousness.Resultsshowedparticipantsinthesecondgroup，whosawlowcaloriecountsprintedinlargesizes，weremorelikelytoadoptthehealthieroption.Moreover，lesshealth-consciousparticipantswerethemostaffected，whilepeoplewithmorehealthawarenesswerelessinfluencedsincetheyalreadyfavoredhealthierfood.ThisresearchadjustedcustomerbehaviorsbycreatingaStroopeffect.NamedafterpsychologistJ.RidleyStroop，theStroopeffectreferstoadelayinreactiontomismatchinitsclassicform.Forexample，iftheword“purple”iswritteningreen，ittakesrespondentslongertimetoidentifythecolorthanifthewordandthecolormatch.Similarly，theeffectisobservedwhenthephysicalsizeofthenumberdoesnotmatchitsnumberinthisstudy.“Restaurantsareinterestedinencouragingcustomerstomakehealthierchoices，”Caisaid.However，simplylabelingthefoodashealthymaynothavetheintendedeffect.“Healthyfooditemscouldbeprofitableforrestaurants，butwhenevera‘healthy’labelisattached，peoplemayassumeitdoesnottastegood，”sheexplained.“We’retryingtoproviderestaurantswithindirectsuggestions，ratherthansayingitoutloud.”1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discrepant”inParagraph2mean？（）A.Creative. B.Relative.C.Conflicting. D.Misleading.2.Whichofthefollowingtypeofcustomerswouldbeaffectedmostfromtheresearch？（）A.Strictdietfollowers.B.Conveniencefoodfans.C.Homemademeallovers.D.Healthmagazinereaders.3.WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout？（）A.Thesignificanceofresearchresults.B.Themeasurementofresponsedelays.C.Thepsychologicalbasisofthestudydesign.D.TheinfluentialvariationsoftheStroopeffect.4.WhichofthefollowingmightbeCai’ssuggestionforrestaurants？（）A.Usefontmagictodrivehealthierchoices.B.Paymoreattentiontothetasteofthefood.C.Createaquietdiningatmosphereforcustomers.D.Attach“healthy”labelstothefoodonthemenu.Ⅱ.完形填空主題語境：人與自我之生活經(jīng)歷語篇類型：記敘文建議用時(shí)：12分鐘IwasinWashingtoncoveringaconference.However，Icameacrossacurious-looking1shopwithitsdoorpartlyopen.Citizensheresaidithadbeenlikethat2aslongastheycouldremember，butnooneknew3.“Maybetheownerisjustlazy，”I4theshadyentrance，eagertofindoutthereason.A（n）5“Welcome！”camefromaman’svoice.AndoutwalkedMrSmith，the90-year-old6ofthiscandyshopwhichIsuddenlyrealizedhad7candies.MrSmithexplainedtheplacewasacandystoreopenedbyhimself50yearsago，buthisenergy8inoldagesohesoldnothingforlong.IadmiredMrSmith’slongexcellentserviceinthearea.Hehada9attitudetolife.IaskedMrSmithwhyhisstorefrontwasinsuchastate.MrSmith，smiling，replied，“I10abagbythedoorthatacustomerlefttwoyearsago.HonestlyIwanttojust11thestore，butbecausethebag’sownermightcomeby12forit，Ikeepthedooropenjustalittlebit.”IwasmovedtotearsbyMrSmith’sshockingly13deeds.Ithenlookeddown，andsureenoughtherewasasmallbagonthecounterwithapaperthatread“14Item”.IlefttheshopfeelingbetterabouthumanityandwasgladtherearepeoplelikeMrSmithlivingthegoodlifeandkeeping15forever.1.（）A.clothing B.foodC.fruit D.candy2.（）A.everyday B.occasionallyC.everynight D.recently3.（）A.when B.whereC.why D.how4.（）A.approached B.leftC.broke D.ignored5.（）A.official B.enthusiasticC.elegant D.humble6.（）A.supplier B.ownerC.customer D.employee7.（）A.many B.someC.various D.no8.（）A.brokeoff B.calmeddownC.wentup D.fadedaway9.（）A.pessimistic B.positiveC.humorous D.cool10.（）A.buy B.sellC.keep D.exhibit11.（）A.manage B.exchangeC.open D.close12.（）A.looking B.payingC.charging D.longing13.（）A.unbelievable B.sweetC.odd D.sensible14.（）A.Recommended B.FoundC.Lost D.Deserted15.（）A.patience B.silenceC.faith D.touch語法專練[夯基固本——一遍過]Ⅰ.1.that2.What3.that4.Whether5.Why6.Who；whoever7.How8.Whatever9.When10.It11.Where12.What13.That14.WhicheverⅡ.1.Itmakesnodifferencetomewhere；whatIneedis2.Itisimportantthatyou（should）handin3.Itisrequiredthateverystudent（should）learnaforeignlanguage4.Itiswidelybelievedthathowwetreattheearthdetermines5.Whosefaultitis6.Itwasapitythat7.Whathedidandwhenhediditare8.Itisstillunderdiscussionwhether[對(duì)標(biāo)高考——全練通]Ⅰ.語篇解讀：文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究——菜單上標(biāo)記熱量多少的數(shù)字大小是如何影響顧客對(duì)食物的選擇的。1.C詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后的內(nèi)容usingphysicallylargernumbers...high-caloriefoods可知，這是對(duì)discrepantway的解釋，用大字號(hào)表示低卡路里，小字號(hào)表示高卡路里，這是一種相沖突的方式，故可推知discrepant應(yīng)表示“矛盾的，不一致的”，與Conflicting同義。2.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的Moreover，lesshealth-consciousparticipants...favoredhealthierfood.可知，健康意識(shí)較弱的人受影響最大，而健康意識(shí)較弱的人通常是方便食物的愛好者。3.C段落大意題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要介紹了該研究應(yīng)用斯特魯普效應(yīng)來研究顧客行為，該效應(yīng)是設(shè)計(jì)該研究的心理學(xué)基礎(chǔ)。4.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Cai所說的話可知，她認(rèn)為給食物貼上“健康”的標(biāo)簽反而會(huì)適得其反，并不能鼓勵(lì)顧客去選擇它，餐館應(yīng)該尋求間接的方法。再根據(jù)第四段第一句Resultsshowedparticipantsinthesecondgroup...adoptthehealthieroption.可推測(cè)，Cai提到的indirectsuggestions指的就是餐館可以利用字體的魔力來引導(dǎo)顧客選擇更健康的食物。Ⅱ.語篇解讀：作者講述了自己在華盛頓的一次溫暖的經(jīng)歷。一位糖果店老板經(jīng)營店鋪多年，后來年齡大了，精力有限，想要關(guān)掉店鋪。但是，兩年前有一位顧客把一個(gè)包遺忘在店里，老人雖然不再開門營業(yè)，但是想著那位顧客隨時(shí)有可能路過這里，進(jìn)來尋包，所以每天都把門半開著等待。1.D根據(jù)下文的thiscandyshop可知，這是一家糖果店。2.A根據(jù)下文的I10abagbythedoor...keepthedoor