2025年消防工程師考試綜合能力測試試卷考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______試卷內(nèi)容案例一某大型商業(yè)綜合體共地上18層，地下5層，總建筑面積約25萬平方米，主要功能包括零售、餐飲、娛樂、酒店式公寓和辦公。地下一層至地上三層為主要商業(yè)零售區(qū)，地下二層為主要停車場，地上四層至十八層為辦公和酒店式公寓。該商業(yè)綜合體采用集中空調(diào)系統(tǒng)，通風(fēng)管道在豎向設(shè)置于消防專用管道井內(nèi)，水平管道穿樓板時采用防火隔板隔斷。recently,duringaroutinefiresafetyinspection,thefollowingissueswerefound:1)Someself-containedfoamfireextinguishersintheretailareawerepasttheirexpirationdates.2)Thesmokedetectorsinthebasementparkinggaragefailedduringamonthlycheck.3)Thefiredoorsintheventilationshaftswerefoundpartiallyopen.4)Theemergencylightingintheofficeareadidnotactivatewhenthepowerfailed.Thebuildingmanagementisplanningtoaddresstheseissuesandimprovetheoverallfiresafetymanagementofthecomplex.Pleaseprovideacomprehensiveplanoutliningthenecessaryactionstorectifytheidentifiedproblemsandsuggestadditionalmeasurestoenhancethefiresafetymanagementoftheentirecomplex.Yourplanshouldaddressthefollowingaspects:a)Specificactionstocorrecttheimmediateissuesfoundduringtheinspection.b)Proceduresforregularinspection,maintenance,andtestingoffireprotectionequipment(includingfoamextinguishers,smokedetectors,firedoors,andemergencylighting).c)Recommendationsforimprovingthemanagementoffiresafetyinthecomplex,consideringthebuilding'ssize,function,andcomplexity.案例二Ahigh-riseofficebuildingwithaheightof120metersislocatedinacitywithacoldwinterclimate.Thebuildinghasamodernfiresuppressionsysteminstalledintheatrium,consistingofapre-actionsprinklersystem.Afirebrokeoutintheatriumduetoanelectricalfaultinthelightingequipment.Thefirewasdetectedbythefirealarmsystemandthepre-actionsprinklersystemactivatedpromptly.However,thewatersupplypressureatthefirescenedroppedsignificantly,causingthesprinklerstooperateinadequatelyandthefiretospreadtothesurroundingareas.Aninvestigationrevealedthatthefirehydrantinthenearbystreet,whichistheprimarywatersourceforthebuilding,wasclosedformaintenancewithoutpropernotificationtothebuildingmanagement.Additionally,thebuilding'sbackupdieselgeneratorfailedtostartautomaticallyduringthepowerfailure.Thebuildingownerisnowreviewingthefiresafetymeasuresandwantstopreventsimilarincidentsfromoccurringinthefuture.Analyzethecausesoftheincidentandproposeasetofmeasurestomitigatetherisksandimprovethefiresafetyperformanceofthebuilding.Youranalysisandrecommendationsshouldcoverthefollowingpoints:a)Identifythecontributingfactorsthatledtotheinadequatewatersupplyduringthefire.b)Evaluatetheeffectivenessofthepre-actionsprinklersysteminthisspecificscenario.c)Suggestimprovementstothebuilding'swatersupplysystem,includingstrategiestoensureadequatepressureduringafire.d)Proposemeasurestoenhancethereliabilityofthebuilding'semergencypowersupply.e)Recommendadditionalfiresafetymeasuresthatcouldfurtherreducetheriskoffirespreadandimproveoverallfireprotection.案例三Youareafiresafetyconsultantassignedtoachemicalmanufacturingplant.Theplantproducesandstoresvariousflammableandhazardouschemicals,includingorganicsolvents,acids,andflammablegases.Theplanthasafirepreventionplaninplace,butduringarecentsafetyaudit,itwasidentifiedthattheplanlacksspecificproceduresforhandlingspillsofflammableliquidsanddoesnotaddressthepotentialforfirespreadbetweendifferentstorageareasduetoinadequateseparationdistances.Theplantmanagementisconcernedaboutthepotentialconsequencesofafireandisseekingyourexpertisetoimprovethefiresafetymanagementofthefacility.Prepareareportoutliningyourrecommendationstoenhancethefiresafetymanagementofthechemicalmanufacturingplant.Yourreportshouldincludethefollowing:a)Anassessmentofthecurrentfirepreventionplanandidentificationofitsshortcomingsrelatedtoflammableliquidspillmanagementandstorageareaseparation.b)Specificrecommendationsforimprovingthefirepreventionplan,includingdetailedproceduresforspillresponseandprevention.c)Suggestionsforenhancingthephysicalseparationofdifferentstorageareastominimizetheriskoffirespread.d)Recommendationsforimprovingtheplant'semergencyresponsecapabilities,includingtrainingforemployeesandcoordinationwithlocalemergencyservices.e)Adviceonimplementingacomprehensivesafetyculturewithintheplanttopromoteproactivefiresafetypracticesamongallemployees.試卷答案案例一a)Specificactionstocorrecttheimmediateissuesfoundduringtheinspection:*Replaceallexpiredself-containedfoamfireextinguishersintheretailareawithnewonesthatarewithintheirexpirationdates,ensuringtheyareappropriatelylocatedandaccessibleaccordingtoregulations.*Repairorreplacethefaultysmokedetectorsinthebasementparkinggarage.Implementacomprehensivere-testingprogramtoensurealldetectorsarefunctioningcorrectly.*Ensureallfiredoorsintheventilationshaftsarefullyclosedandlatched.Reinforcetheiroperationmechanismsifnecessarytopreventunauthorizedopening.Regularlyinspectandmaintainthesedoorstomaintaintheirintegrityandfunctionality.*Investigatethecauseoftheemergencylightingfailureintheofficearea.Repairorreplacefaultyequipmentandensurethebackuppowersource(e.g.,generatororbatterysystem)isfunctioningcorrectly.Testtheemergencylightingsystemaccordingtocoderequirements.b)Proceduresforregularinspection,maintenance,andtestingoffireprotectionequipment:*FoamExtinguishers:Conductvisualinspectionsmonthlytocheckforphysicaldamage,corrosion,andexpirationdates.Performannualhydrostatictestingasrequiredbymanufacturerandcode.Ensurestaffaretrainedinproperuseandmaintenance.*SmokeDetectors:Implementamonthlyoperationaltest(e.g.,usingatestbutton).Conductannualcleaningandbatteryreplacement(orprofessionalserviceifapplicable).Performbiennialfunctionaltestingbyqualifiedpersonnel.*FireDoors:Inspectmonthlytoensuretheyopenandclosefreely,latchsecurely,andhaveintactlabelsandgaskets.Conductannualvisualinspectionsfordamageandproperoperation.Considerbiennialtestingbyqualifiedtechnicians.*EmergencyLighting:Testtheentiresystemmonthly(includingdurationofoperationafterpowerfailure).Conductanannualfunctionaltestcoveringallcircuitsandlocations.Performnecessarymaintenanceonfixtures,batteries,andpowersupplies.c)Recommendationsforimprovingthemanagementoffiresafetyinthecomplex:*EstablishadedicatedFireSafetyCommitteecomprisingrepresentativesfrommanagement,engineering,security,andtenantliaisontooverseefiresafetypoliciesandprocedures.*Developandimplementacomprehensivefiresafetytrainingprogramforallemployeesandtenants,coveringevacuationprocedures,fireprevention,useoffireextinguishers,andreportinghazards.*Implementarobustfiredrillprogram,conductingregulardrills(atleastquarterly)withvaryingscenariosandtimesofdaytoensurefamiliarityandpreparedness.*Establishaclearprocessforreportingandaddressingfiresafetyconcernsfromemployees,tenants,andvisitorspromptly.*Conductregular,unannouncedfiresafetyinspections(atleastbiannually,ormorefrequentlyifneeded)toidentifyandrectifypotentialhazards.*Developstrongrelationshipswithlocalfiredepartments,includingpre-incidentplanningandmutualaidagreements.*Implementanintegratedbuildingmanagementsystem(BMS)orensuretheexistingsystemeffectivelymonitorsandcontrolsfiresafety-relatedsystems(e.g.,HVAC,electrical).*Establishaprocedureforreviewingandupdatingthefiresafetymanagementplanannuallyorfollowinganysignificantchangesinthebuildinguseorconstruction.案例二a)Contributingfactorsleadingtoinadequatewatersupplyduringthefire:*Theclosureoftheprimarystreetfirehydrantformaintenancewithoutadequatenotificationorcoordinationwiththebuildingmanagementresultedinalossofthemainwatersupplysource.*Thebuilding'sinternalwatersupplysystem(potentiallyrelyingontheclosedhydrant)mayhaveexperiencedreducedcapacityorpressureduetothelossoftheprimaryfeed.*Theremighthavebeeninsufficientredundancyinthebuilding'swatersupplyconnections(e.g.,lackofalternativestreethydrantsorwatersources).*Thefiredepartment'swatersupplyoperationatthescenemighthavebeenlesseffectivethannecessaryduetotheunexpectedlossoftheprimaryhydrantconnection.b)Evaluationofthepre-actionsprinklersystemeffectiveness:*Theactivationofthepre-actionsprinklersystemwasappropriateasitrespondedpromptlytothefiredetection.*However,thesystem'seffectivenesswascompromisedbytheinadequatewatersupplypressure.Pre-actionsystemsrequiresufficientwaterpressuretoactivatesprinklersandachievethedesiredfiresuppression,especiallyinhigh-riseapplicationsorareaslikeatriums.Thepressuredropindicatesaproblemwiththewatersupplyinfrastructureorsystemdesign/operationratherthanafailureofthesprinklersystemitself.c)Improvementstothebuilding'swatersupplysystem:*EnsureRedundancy:Identifyandestablishsecondarywatersupplysourcesforthebuilding,suchasconnectingtoalternativestreethydrantsorexploringconnectionstoamunicipalwatermainotherthantheprimaryone.Performwatersupplycapacityanalysisconsideringthemaximumdemand,includingfireflowrequirements.*PressureManagement:Installwaterstoragetanks(e.g.,elevatedtankortankwithinthebuilding)orpressureregulatorstoensureadequatepressurethroughoutthebuilding,especiallyathighelevationsliketheatrium,duringnormaloperationandpotentialfireconditions.*FireDepartmentAccess&Information:Maintainup-to-date,accurateinformationaboutthebuilding'swatersupplysystemandconnectionswiththelocalfiredepartment.Ensureeasyaccessforfirefighters.Installfiredepartmentconnectionboxes(FDHCB)ifnotalreadypresent,providingaccesstotheinternalwatersupplysystem.*RegularTesting:Implementaregulartestingprogramforthewatersupplysystem,includingpressuretesting,flowtestingathydrants,andinspectionofpipesandvalves,toensurereliability.d)Measurestoenhancethereliabilityofthebuilding'semergencypowersupply:*Upgrade/ReplaceGenerator:Conductathoroughassessmentoftheexistingdieselgenerator.Upgradeorreplaceitwithageneratorthatmeetsorexceedsthebuilding'stotalemergencyloaddemand,includingthefiresuppressionsystem.*RefuelingProtocol:Establishclearrefuelingproceduresandensureadequatefuelstoragecapacity.Considerautomaticrefuelingsystemsorarrangeforemergencyrefuelingservices.*AutomaticStart-up&Transfer:Verifyandtesttheautomaticstart-upsequenceandpowertransferswitchfunctionalityregularlytoensureseamlessoperationduringapowerfailure.*MaintenanceSchedule:Implementandstrictlyadheretoacomprehensivepreventativemaintenancescheduleforthegenerator,includingfuelsystemchecks,batterymaintenance,andloadbanktesting.*BatteryBackup:Ensurethecontrolpanelsandcriticalelectricalsystemshavesufficientbatterybackupcapacityfortherequiredduration.e)Additionalfiresafetymeasurestoreduceriskandimproveprotection:*EnhancedFireSuppression:Considerinstallingadditionalfiresuppressionsystemsinhigh-riskareasoftheatriumorotherlargeopenspaces,suchashigh-intensitysprinklersorgas-basedsystemssuitableforatriumapplications.*ImprovedFireproofing:Reviewthefireproofingintegrityofstructuralelements,especiallyaroundtheventilationshaftsandconnectionsbetweendifferentzones.Ensurecompliancewithcurrentcodes.*ActiveFireProtectionIntegration:Exploreintegrationbetweenfiredetection,alarm,andactivefireprotectionsystemsforcoordinatedresponse.*CompartmentationReview:Re-evaluatethefirecompartmentationstrategy,includingtheeffectivenessoffirewalls,firedoors,andtheseparationbetweendifferentfunctionalareas(e.g.,retailvs.hotel,officevs.atrium).*EarlyWarningSystems:Considersupplementaryearlywarningsystemslikevisualalarms(strobes)orvoiceevacuationsystemsinadditiontosmokedetectorsandfirealarms.*RiskAssessment:Conductathoroughfireriskassessmenttoidentifyallpotentialhazardsandvulnerabilities,anddeveloptargetedmitigationmeasures.案例三a)Assessmentofcurrentfirepreventionplanandidentificationofshortcomings:*FlammableLiquidSpillManagement:Thelackofspecificproceduresisasignificantweakness.Spillscanrapidlyescalatetofireifnotcontainedandmitigatedquickly.Theabsenceofguidanceonspillcontainmentmethods(e.g.,booms,absorbents),personalprotectiveequipment(PPE),evacuationconsiderations,andreportingtriggersisproblematic.*StorageAreaSeparation:Inadequateseparationdistancesbetweenstorageareasincreasetheriskoffirespread.Thiscouldallowafireinonearea(e.g.,flammableliquids)toeasilyigniteadjacentstorage(e.g.,acids,otherflammables,combustibles)orcompromisepersonnelsafetyandbuildingintegrity.Thecurrentplanlikelyfailstoaddressorcomplywithcoderequirementsforseparationdistancesbasedonthechemicalhazardsinvolved.b)Specificrecommendationsforimprovingthefirepreventionplan:*SpillResponseProcedures:Developdetailed,step-by-stepproceduresfordifferenttypesofflammableliquidspills(smallvs.large).Includeactionsforcontainment,cleanup(usingappropriateabsorbentsandequipment),PPErequirements,potentialneedforevacuation,andreportingprotocols(towhom,when,whatinformation).Specifythelocationsandtypesofspillcontrolequipmenttobereadilyavailable(e.g.,spillkits,firehoses,drumheaters).*TrainingonSpillProcedures:Integratethesespillresponseproceduresintomandatoryemployeetrainingprograms,includinghands-ondrillsforrelevantpersonnel(e.g.,maintenance,warehousestaff).*ImprovedStorageSeparation:Quantifytherequiredseparationdistancesbasedonrelevantfirecodesandthespecifichazardsofthestoredchemicals.Developaplantoeitherphysicallyseparateexistingincompatiblestorageareas(e.g.,usingfirewalls,fire-ratedbarriers,expansionjoints)orreconfigurestoragetomeetcoderequirements.Prioritizeactionsbasedonriskassessment.*RegularReviewofStorageLayout:Establishaprocessforperiodicallyreviewingthechemicalstoragelayouttoensureitremainscompliantwithsafetyregulationsandevolvingoperationalneeds.c)Suggestionsforenhancingphysicalseparationofstorageareas:*Fire-RatedBarriers:Installsolidfirewallsorfire-ratedpartitionsaroundhigh-hazardstorageareas(flammableliquids,acids)tocontainfireandpreventspread.*ExpansionJoints:Installfire-ratedexpansionjointswherewallsorpartitionsmaybeinterruptedbyutilityruns(e.g.,pipes,ducts).*ClearSpacing:Ensureadequateclearspacingbetweenstoragetanks,containers,andbuildings,freefromobstructionsthatcouldfacilitatefirespread.*ChemicalInventoryReview:Regularlyreviewthechemicalinventorytoensurecompatibilityismaintainedwithindesignatedstoragezones.*Zoning:Implementaclearzoningsystemwithinthefacilitybasedonhazardlevels,restrictingaccessandseparationincompatiblematerials.d)Recommendationsforimprovingemergencyresponsecapabilities:*Training:Provideregular,comprehensiveemergencyresponsetrainingforallemployees,coveringfiresuppression,spillresponse,evacuation,firstaid,andcommunication.Considerspecializedtrainingforpersonnelhandlinghazardousmaterials.*EmergencyActionPlan(EAP):DevelopadetailedEAPoutliningproceduresforvariousemergencies(fire,spill,medicalemergency,gasleak).Ensureitincludesrolesandresponsibilities,communicationplans,evacuationroutes,assemblypoints,andcoordinationwithexternalagencies.*Drills:Conductregularemergencydrills(atleastannually,morefrequentlyforhigh-riskareas)simulatingdifferentscenarios,includingfull-scalefiredrillswiththe