2025年考研英語（一）新題型專項訓練試卷：高分策略與解題技巧考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分多項選擇閱讀下面的文章，每段后面都有若干個選項。請根據(jù)文章的內容對每一題做出最佳選擇。（每小題2分，共10分）Arecentstudyinurbandevelopmentpatternssuggestsasignificantshiftinhowcitiesaregrowing,movingawayfromthetraditionalconcentric-circlemodeltowardsamorecomplex,multi-centricstructure.Thisnewmodel,oftenreferredtoasthe"polycentriccity,"ischaracterizedbytheemergenceofseveraldistincturbannodesorsub-centers,eachwithitsownspecializedfunctionsandeconomicactivities.Researchersobservedthistrendacrossvariousmetropolitanareas,notingthatfactorssuchastransportationinfrastructure,technologicaladvancements,andchanginglifestylepreferencesappeartobedrivingthistransformation.Option1:Thetraditionalconcentric-circlemodelisbeingreplacedbyamorecomplexstructure.Option2:Economicactivitiesarenowconcentratedonlyinthecentralbusinessdistrict.Option3:Transportationinfrastructureplaysacrucialroleinshapingmoderncitylayouts.Option4:Allcitiesarecurrentlyfollowingthepolycentricmodel.Option5:Thestudyfocusedexclusivelyoncitiesindevelopingcountries.BAmongthekeyfactorscontributingtotheriseofpolycentriccities,transportationinfrastructurestandsoutasacriticalenabler.Improvedroadnetworks,high-speedrailsystems,andefficientpublictransitoptionsfacilitatetheconnectionbetweendifferenturbannodes,allowingforseamlessmovementofpeopleandgoods.Thisconnectivitynotonlyenhanceseconomicefficiencybyreducingcommutetimesandfosteringindustrialclusteringbutalsocontributestoamorebalanceddistributionofresidentialandcommercialspaces.Moreover,technologicaladvancements,particularlyincommunicationandinformationtechnology,havefurthersupportedthistrendbyenablingbusinessestooperatemoreflexiblyandreducingtheneedforphysicalproximitytotraditionalcentralhubs.Option1:Transportationimprovementshaveledtothedeclineofcentralbusinessdistricts.Option2:High-speedrailistheprimaryreasonforthepolycentriccitymodel.Option3:Economicefficiencyisnegativelyimpactedbythepolycentricstructure.Option4:Technologicaladvancementshavemadephysicallocationlessimportantforbusinesses.Option5:Improvedconnectivitybenefitsthebalanceddistributionofurbanspaces.CHowever,theshifttowardspolycentricdevelopmentisnotwithoutitschallenges.Managingmultipleurbancentersrequiresmorecomplexplanningandcoordinationfromlocalgovernments.Issuessuchasensuringequitableaccesstoservices,maintaininginfrastructureintegrityacrossdispersedareas,andmanagingenvironmentalimpactsbecomemorepronouncedinthismodel.Furthermore,thepotentialforincreasedtrafficcongestionandstrainonpublicresourcesinrapidlygrowingsub-centersnecessitatesproactivepolicyinterventionstomitigatenegativeconsequences.Addressingthesechallengeseffectivelywillbecrucialforthesustainablegrowthandresilienceofpolycentriccities.Option1:Polycentriccitiesfacefewerplanningchallengesthantraditionalcities.Option2:Equitableaccesstoservicesiseasiertoachieveinpolycentricmodels.Option3:Increasedtrafficcongestionisaninevitableresultofpolycentricdevelopment.Option4:Managingmultipleurbancentersrequiresmorecomplexgovernmentefforts.Option5:Environmentalimpactsareminimalindispersedurbanareas.DDespitethesechallenges,thepolycentriccitymodeloffersseveralpotentialadvantagesoverthetraditionalmodel.Bydistributingeconomicactivitiesandpopulationacrossmultiplenodes,itcanreducepressureonthecentralcity,leadingtomoresustainableurbangrowth.Thisdistributioncanalsofostergreatereconomicdiversityandresilience,asthecityislessreliantonasinglecentraleconomicengine.Additionally,polycentricstructurescanpotentiallyleadtoimprovedqualityoflifeforresidents,offeringmorediversehousingoptionsandaccesstoamenitiesclosertowheretheylive.Thesebenefitssuggestthat,withcarefulplanning,polycentriccitiescouldrepresentamoresustainableanddesirablefutureforurbanliving.Option1:Thecentralcitybecomeslessimportantinthepolycentricmodel.Option2:Economicdiversityisonlypossibleintraditionalcities.Option3:Sustainableurbangrowthisimpossiblewiththepolycentricmodel.Option4:Residentsinpolycentriccitieshavefewerhousingoptions.Option5:Thepolycentricmodelguaranteesimprovedqualityoflifeforallresidents.ETheemergenceofpolycentriccitiesreflectsbroadersocietalshiftstowardsmoredecentralizedandflexiblewaysoflivingandworking.Asremoteworkbecomesmoreacceptedanddigitalcommunicationtechnologiesimprove,thegeographicalconstraintsonwhereandhowweworkdiminish.This,combinedwithagrowingpreferenceforsuburbanlivingandadesireformoregreenspace,islikelytocontinueshapingthefutureofurbandevelopment.Citiesthatcanadapttothesechangingpreferencesandeffectivelyimplementpolycentricmodelsmaygainacompetitiveadvantageinattractingtalentandfosteringeconomicinnovation.Option1:Remoteworkhasnoimpactonurbandevelopmentpatterns.Option2:Suburbanlivingisbecominglesspopularthancityliving.Option3:Digitalcommunicationislessimportantthantransportationinfrastructure.Option4:Citiesthatadapttochangingpreferenceswillbemoresuccessful.Option5:Polycentricmodelsareonlysuitableforlargecities.第二部分多項選擇閱讀下面的文章，完成后面的題目。（每小題2分，共10分）Theconceptof"culturalheritage"hasevolvedsignificantlyovertime,movingbeyondasimplefocusonancientmonumentsandartifactstoencompassamuchbroaderrangeofintangibleandtangibleelementsthatcontributetoacommunity'sidentityandcontinuity.Incontemporarydiscourse,culturalheritageisoftenunderstoodasadynamicandlivingresource,encompassingnotonlyhistoricalsitesandartifactsbutalsotraditions,languages,knowledgesystems,artisticexpressions,andsocialpractices.Thisexpandeddefinitionreflectsagrowingrecognitionoftheimportanceofdiverseculturalexpressionsinshapingindividualandcollectiveidentities.Option1:Culturalheritagetodayprimarilyconsistsofancientruins.Option2:Thedefinitionofculturalheritagehasbecomenarrowerinrecentyears.Option3:Intangibleelementsarelessimportantthantangibleartifactsinculturalheritage.Option4:Contemporaryunderstandingincludesbothphysicalandnon-physicalculturalelements.Option5:Theconceptofculturalheritageisstaticandunchanging.Thepreservationofculturalheritagefacesnumerouschallengesinthemodernworld.Rapidurbanization,industrialdevelopment,andenvironmentaldegradationoftenleadtothedestructionorneglectofheritagesitesandtheerosionoftraditionalpractices.Furthermore,globalizationandculturalhomogenizationposethreatstoculturaldiversity,aslocaltraditionsmaybeovershadowedbydominantglobalculturalforces.Addingtothesechallenges,issuessuchasinsufficientfunding,lackoftechnicalexpertise,andinadequatelegalframeworkscomplicateeffortstoprotectandsustainculturalheritageforfuturegenerations.Addressingthesemultifacetedchallengesrequirescoordinatedeffortsfromgovernments,communities,andinternationalorganizations.Option1:Culturalheritagepreservationiscurrentlystraightforwardandsuccessful.Option2:Localtraditionsarealwayspreservedduetoglobalization.Option3:Insufficientfundingistheonlymajorchallengeinheritagepreservation.Option4:Environmentalfactorsarenotasignificantthreattoculturalheritage.Option5:Coordinatedeffortsarenecessarytotackleheritagepreservationchallenges.Technologicaladvancementsofferpromisingsolutionsandnewtoolsforculturalheritagepreservationandmanagement.Digitaltechnologies,suchas3Dscanning,virtualreality,andaugmentedreality,enablethecreationofdetaileddigitalreplicasofheritagesitesandartifacts,whichcanbeusedforresearch,education,andpublicengagementevenifthephysicalitemisinaccessible.Onlinedatabasesanddigitalarchivesprovideaccessibleplatformsforstoringandsharinginformationaboutculturalheritage,facilitatingitsdocumentationandstudy.Additionally,innovativematerialsandconservationtechniqueshelpintherestorationandlong-termpreservationoffragileartifacts.However,thedigitaldivideandtheneedforongoingmaintenanceofdigitalresourcespresentnewchallengesthatmustbeaddressed.Option1:Digitaltechnologiesarereplacingtraditionalmethodsofheritagepreservationentirely.Option2:3Dscanninghasnopracticalapplicationinculturalheritagemanagement.Option3:Digitalarchivesarelessaccessiblethanphysicalarchives.Option4:Technologicaladvancementsprovidenewtoolsforheritagepreservation.Option5:Theuseofdigitaltechnologiesisnotassociatedwithnewchallenges.Thesignificanceofculturalheritageextendsbeyondmerepreservation;itisintegraltosocialcohesion,culturalidentity,andeconomicdevelopment.Heritagesitesandpracticesoftenserveaspowerfulsymbolsofcollectiveidentity,fosteringasenseofbelongingandcontinuityamongcommunitymembers.Theyalsoplayacrucialroleineducation,providingtangiblelinkstothepastandfosteringhistoricalawarenessandculturalunderstanding.Moreover,culturalheritagecanbeamajordriveroftourismandcreativeindustries,generatingeconomicbenefitsandcreatingemploymentopportunities.Recognizingthesebroaderimpactsunderscorestheimportanceofinvestinginthesafeguardingandsustainabledevelopmentofculturalheritage.Option1:Culturalheritagehasnoimpactoneconomicdevelopment.Option2:Heritagesitesprimarilyserveastouristattractions.Option3:Socialcohesionisnotenhancedbyculturalheritagepractices.Option4:Theeconomicbenefitsofculturalheritageoftenoutweighitspreservationcosts.Option5:Culturalheritageisonlyimportantforhistoricalstudy.Thefutureofculturalheritageliesinembracingsustainableandinclusiveapproachesthatengagediversecommunitiesinitssafeguardingandinterpretation.Thisinvolvesmovingbeyondtop-downpreservationmodelstowardscollaborativepracticesthatinvolvelocalcommunities,indigenouspeoples,andstakeholdersindecision-makingprocesses.Educationandawarenesscampaignsarecrucialforfosteringacultureofrespectforculturaldiversityandencouragingactiveparticipationinheritageconservation.Furthermore,sustainabletourismpracticesthatbenefitlocalcommunitiesandensurethelong-termviabilityofheritagesitesareessential.Byfosteringasenseofsharedresponsibilityandensuringthatculturalheritagebenefitsallmembersofsociety,wecanensureitscontinuedrelevanceandvitality.Option1:Localcommunitiesshouldhavenoroleinheritagepreservation.Option2:Sustainabletourismisincompatiblewithculturalheritageprotection.Option3:Collaborativeapproachesarenecessaryforeffectiveheritagemanagement.Option4:Thefutureofculturalheritageissolelydependentongovernmentactions.Option5:Educationplaysaminimalroleinheritagepreservationefforts.試卷答案第一部分多項選擇1.A*解析思路：題干詢問文章主要觀點。首段明確指出城市正從傳統(tǒng)同心圓模式轉向多中心模式，并對其進行定義，隨后第二段進一步闡述驅動因素。選項1與首段核心內容一致。選項2與第二段“分布式經濟活動”相悖。選項3是第二段部分內容，非全文主旨。選項4與首段“趨勢”描述不符。選項5與首段“研究觀察多個都市地區(qū)”不符。2.C*解析思路：題干詢問文章主要觀點。第三段重點討論多中心模式帶來的挑戰(zhàn)，如規(guī)劃復雜、資源緊張、環(huán)境問題等，并強調需要政府積極應對。選項4準確概括了第三段的核心內容。選項1與第三段“更復雜”相悖。選項2與第三段“公平獲取服務更具挑戰(zhàn)性”相悖。選項3是第三段提及的潛在問題之一，但非全面概括。選項5與第三段“環(huán)境問題更突出”相悖。3.D*解析思路：題干詢問文章主要觀點。第四段重點論述多中心模式的優(yōu)點，包括減輕中心壓力、促進經濟多樣性、提升居民生活質量等，并認為其代表更可持續(xù)的未來。選項1與第四段“減輕中心壓力”相符。選項2與