2018年6月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題答案與詳解（第1套）審題思路：

PartI Writing范文點評：高分范文精彩點評TheImportanceofReadingAbilityandHowtoDevelopIt①Asthemostfrequentlyusedwaytogetaccesstooriginalmaterials,readinghasalwaysbeenconsideredoneofthemostimportantpartsoflanguagelearning,②whichcanfacilitateexpansionoflexicalitems,enhancementofgrammar,andaccumulationofsocialandculturalawareness.③Thisalsoexplainsthereasonwhyreadingskillsshouldbehighlyemphasized.④Inordertoimproveyourreadingtherearesometipstofollow.⑤Firstofall,scanthematerialbeforeyoubeginreading.Whateverthepurposeofyourreadingis,takeafewminutestolookthepieceover,andcheckandseehowtheworkisstructuredandpresented.⑥Secondly,trynottoreachforthedictionarywhenyoucomeacrossawordyoudon’tknow.Instead,trytoguessthemeaningofthewordbasedonthecontext.⑦Lastbutnotleast,writeafewsentencestosummarizewhatyou’vereadsinceitisawayofcheckingifyouhavecompletelyunderstood.⑧Aboveall,readinghasgreatbenefitsthatcanhelpyoulearnthelanguagefasterandmorethoroughly.Everylanguagelearnercantrytheabovemethodstodeveloptheirreadingskills.①開門見山，提出閱讀的重要性。②用which引導(dǎo)的定語從句具體闡述閱讀的重要作用。④引出下文：提高閱讀能力有幾點建議。⑤⑥⑦分別用FirstofallSecondlyLastbutnotleast具體闡述提高閱讀能力的三點建議。Aboveall有很大益處，并強調(diào)學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)該提高閱讀技能。加分兩點frequently 頻繁地enhancement提高，改進culturalawareness文化意識context上下文，語境summarize總結(jié)全文翻譯：閱讀能力的重要性以及如何提高閱讀能力SectionA

PartII ListeningComprehensionNewsReportOnemessageinabottlesentouttoseabyaNewHampshiremanmorethanfivedecadesagowasfound1,500milesawayandhasbeenreturnedtohisdaughter.Thelong-lostmessagewasdiscoveredbyClintBuffingtonofUtahwhilehewasvacationing.Buffingtonsayshefoundasodabottlehalfburiedinthesandthat“l(fā)ookedlikeithadbeentheresincethebeginningoftime.”Thenoteinsidethebottlesaid,“Returnto419OceanStreetandreceivearewardof$150fromRichardandTinaPierce,ownersoftheBeachcomberMotel.”ThemotelwasownedbytheparentsofPaulaPiercein1960.HerfatherhadwrittenthenotesasajokeandhadthrownitintotheAtlanticOcean.BuffingtonflewtoNewHampshiretodeliverthatmessagetoPolaPierce.(2)Shehelduptoherfather’spromise,givingBuffingtonthatreward.Butthebiggestrewardisthemessageinabottlefindingitswaybackhome.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.未聽先知：return、bottledmessagehistory等詞可以初步判斷，該新聞與歸還漂流瓶里的12She，結(jié)wantedto、askedbyherfathertodoso可推測，此題考查女士做某事的原因。1.Whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout?答案：A1,500英里外的A。2.WhydidPaulaPiercegiveClintBuffingtonthereward?答案：B詳解：新聞中提到，BuffingtonPaulaPierce.PaulaPierce遵守父親的承諾，給予Buffington150PierceBuffington獎勵就是為了遵守父親當年的承諾，B。NewsReportTwoMillionsofbeeshavediedinSouthCarolinaduringaerialinsectsprayingoperationsthatwerecarriedouttocombattheZikavirus.（3）Theinsectssprayingovertheweekendleftmorethan2millionbeesdeadonthespotinDorchesterCounty,SouthCarolina,wherefourtravel-relatedcasesofZikadiseasehavebeenconfirmedinthearea.(4)MostofthedeathscamefromFlowerBeefarm,acompanyinSomervillethatsellsbeesandhoneyproducts.JuanitaStanleywhoownsthecompanysaidthefarm“l(fā)ookslikeit'sbeendestroyed.”Thefarmlostabout2.5millionbees.DorchesterCountyofficialsapologizedfortheaccidentalmasskillingofbees.DorchesterCountyisawarethatsomebeekeepersintheareathatwassprayedonSundaylosttheirbeecolonies.CountymanagerJasonsaidinastatement.“I’mnotpleasedthatsomanybeeswerekilled.”Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.未聽先知：預(yù)覽兩道題各選項，由選項中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的bees、disease、lost等詞可推測，新聞內(nèi)容與蜜蜂的遭遇有關(guān)。WhyweresprayingoperationscarriedoutinDorchesterCounty?答案：B200多萬只蜜蜂B。WhatdoesthenewsreportsayaboutFlowertownBeeFarm?答案：CFlowertown250C。NewsReportThreeTheworld’slargestaircrafthastakentotheskiesforthefirsttime.(5)TheAirlander10spentnearlytwohoursintheair,havingtakenofffromCoddingtonAirfieldinBedfordshire.Duringitsflight,itreached3,000feetandperformedaseriesofgentleturnsalloverasafearea.Theaircraftismassive—aslongasafootballfieldandastallassixdoubledeckerbusesandcapableofflyingforuptofivedays.(6)ItwasfirstdevelopedfortheUSgovernmentasalong-rangespyaircraft,butwasabandonedfollowingbudgetcutbacks.(7)Theaircraftcost25millionpoundsandcancarryheavierloadsthanhugejetplaneswhilealsoproducinglessnoiseandemittinglesspollution.Themakersbelievethefutureofaircraftandonedaywe’llbeusingthemtogoplaces.Butthere’sstillalongwaytogo.TheAirlanderwillneedtohave200hours’flyingtimebeforebeingallowedtoflybytheaviationadministration.Ifitpassesthough,wecanhopewe’llallgetsomeextralegroom.Questions5and7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.stayedintheairtookofflandedaviationtechnology5It，結(jié)合新聞主題可知，It6題和第7題各選項語義可推測，兩題分別考查該飛機的問題和優(yōu)點，聽音時應(yīng)注意捕捉。WhatdowelearnaboutthefirstflightoftheAirlander10?答案：A詳解：新聞開頭指出，世界上最大的飛機Airalnder10第一次升空。該飛機在英國貝德福德郡的科丁頓機場起飛，飛行了將近兩個小時。因此答案為A。WhatcausetheUSgovernmenttoabandontheAirlander10asaspyaircraft?答案：CAirlander10（政府預(yù)算削減后就被放棄了。Airlander10C。WhatistheadvantageoftheAirlander10overhugejetplanes?答案：DAirlander102,50010D。SectionBConversationOneM:Doyoufeellikegoingouttonight？W:Yeah，whynot?Wehaven’tbeenoutforages,What’son?M:Well,there’safilmaboutclimatechange.Doesitsoundgoodtoyou?W:Oh,notreally.Itdoesn’treallyappealtome.What’sitabout?Justclimatechange?M:Ithinkit’sabouthowclimatechangeaffectseverydaylife.Iwonderhowtheymakeitentertaining.W:Well,(8)itsoundsreallyawful.It’sanimportantsubject,Iagree,butI’mnotinthemoodforanythingdepressing.Whatelseison?M：There’saSpanishDanceFestival.W:Oh,Ilovedance.Thatsoundsreallyinteresting.M:Apparently,it’sabsolutelybrilliant.Let’sseewhatitsaysinthepaper.“AnnaGomezleadsinanexcitingproductionofthegreatSpanishlovestory,Garmen.”W:Ok,then.Whattimeisiton?M:At7:30.W:Well,that’snogood.(9)Wehaven’tgotenoughtimetogetthere.Isthereanythingelse?M:There’sacomedyspecialon.W:Where’siton?M:It’sattheCityTheater.It’sacharitycomedynightwithlotsofdifferentacts.Itlooksprettygood.(10)Thecriticinthelocalthepapersaysit’sthefunniestthinghe’severseen.Itsayshere“RogerWhiteheadisanamazinghosttoanightoffunperformances.”W:Mm…I’mnotkeenonhim.He’snotveryfunny.M:Areyousureyourfancygoingouttonight?Youarenotveryenthusiastic.Perhapsyouareright.gotoseethedance.Buttomorrow,nottonight.M:Great,I’llbooktheticketsonline.Questions8and11arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.dailylifedancingtheatreamusingshowcomedyticketsWhatdoesthewomanthinkofclimatechande?答案：A詳解：對話開頭，男士說有一場關(guān)于氣候變化的電影，問女士要不要去看，女士說氣候變化是個重要的話題，但是她沒有心情看令人沮喪的內(nèi)容，即女士認為氣候變化是一個令人沮喪的話題，答案為A。WhydothespeakersgiveupgoingtotheSpanishDanceFestivaltonight?答案：D詳解：對話中女士表示不喜歡有關(guān)氣候變化的電影，繼而追問是否還有其他娛樂項目，當男士告知女士7點半有西班牙舞蹈節(jié)表演的時候，女士表示沒有足夠的時間趕到那里。因此答案為D。WhatdoesthecriticsayaboutthecomedyperformedattheCityTheatre?答案：C詳解：對話中，男士告知女士劇院今晚喜劇特別節(jié)目，評論員在當?shù)貓蠹埳险f這是他看過的最滑稽的表演。因此答案為C。Whatdoesthewomandecidetodotomorrow?答案：B詳解：對話末尾，女士說出自己的決定：明天晚上去看舞蹈表演。因此答案為B。ConversationGoodmorning,Lee,MayIhaveaminutesofyourtime?M:Sure,Catherine,WhatcanIdoforyou?W:(12)I’mquietanxiousabouttransferringovertoourcollege,I’mafraidIwon’tfitin.M:don'tworry,Catherine.It’scompletelynormalforyoutobenervousabouttransferringschools.Thishappenstomanytransferstudents.W:Yes,Iknow,butI’myoungerthanmoststudentsinmyyear.Andthatworriesmealot.M:(13)Well,youmaybetheonlyyoungeroneinyouryear,but,youknow,wehavealotofafter-schoolactivitiesyoucanjoinin.Andso,thisway,youwillbeabletomeetnewfriendsofdifferentagegroups.W:That’snice.Ilovegamesandhobbygroups.M:I’msureyoudo.Soyou’llbejustfine.Don’tworrysomuchandtrytomakethemostofwhatwehaveonofferhere.Also,(14)rememberthatyoucancometomeanytimeofthedayifyouneedhelp.Thankssomuch.Idefinitelyfeelbetternow.Asamatteroffact,I’vealreadycontactedoneofthegirlswho’dbelivinginthesamehousewithme,andsheseemedreallynice.Iguesslivingoncampus,I’llhaveachancetohaveaclosecircleoffriends,sincewe’llbelivingtogether.M:Allstudentsareveryfriendlywithnewarrivals.Letmecheckwhowouldbelivingwithyouinyourflat.Okay,thereareHannah,Kelly,andBree.(15)Breeisalsoanewstudenthere,likeyou.I’msureyoutwowillhavemoretosharewitheachother.Questions12and15arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.未聽先知：transfertransferstudent1213題14題各選項均為動詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合語義可推測，13題考查女士將要做什么，14題考查男士為女士做某事，15She已經(jīng)完成的行為動作。WhydoesCatherinefeelanxious?答案：D詳解：對話中，男士詢問女士能幫她做些什么，女士表示她擔心自己作為轉(zhuǎn)校生會不合群。因此答案為D。13.WhatdoesMr.LeeencourageCatherinetodo?答案：C詳解：女士非常擔心自己年齡小不能適應(yīng)新學(xué)校的生活。男士說她可以參加學(xué)校的各種課外活動，這樣就能認識不同年齡段的朋友。由此可知，男士鼓勵女士參加課外活動，故答案為C。WhandoesLeepromisetodoforCatherine?答案：A詳解：對話中，男士建議女士參加課外活動，并安慰女士不要太擔心，盡量充分利用學(xué)校提供的一切，并告訴女士如果需喲啊幫助可以隨時找他。因此答案為A。WhatdowelearnaboutCatherine’sschoolmateBree?答案：D詳解：對話末尾，男士指出，Bree和女士一樣，也是新來的學(xué)生。因此答案為D。SectionCPassageOneHaveyoueverfeltlikeyouwoulddojustaboutanythingtosatisfyyourhunger?Anewstudyinmicemayhelptoexplainwhyhungercanfeellikesuchapowerfulmotivatingforce.（16）Inthestudy,researchersfoundthathungeroutweighedotherphysicaldrives,includingfear,thirstandsocialneeds.Todeterminewhichfeelingwonout,theresearchersdidaseriesofexperiments.Inoneexperiment,themicewerebothhungryandthirsty.Whengiventhechoiceofeithereatingfoodordrinkingwater,themicewentforthefood,theresearchersfound.However,whenthemicewerewell-fedbutthirsty,theyoptedtodrink,accordingtothestudy.Inthesecondexperimentmeanttopitthemice’shungeragainsttheirfear,hungrymicewereplacedinacagethathadcertain“fox-scented”areasandotherplacesthatsmelledsafer(inotherwords,notlikeananimalthatcouldeatthem)butalsohadfood.(17)Itturnedoutthat,whenthemicewerehungry,theyventuredintotheunsafeareasforfood.Butwhenthemicewerewell-fed,theystayedinareasofthecagethatwereconsidered“safe.”Hungeralsooutweighedthemice’ssocialneeds,theresearchersfound.(18)Miceareusuallysocialanimalsandprefertobeinthecompanyofothermice,accordingtothestudy.Whenthemicewerehungry,theyoptedtoleavethecompanyofothermicetogogetfood.Questions16and18arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.未聽先知：investigatemice16題1718題各選項都是描述喜好的句子，考查老鼠的習(xí)性。Whatistheresearchers’pirposeincarryingouttheseriesofexperimentswithmice?答案：BB。Inwhatcircumstances,domiceventureintounsafeareas?答案：A詳解：短文中提到，在第二個實驗中研究者把老鼠的饑餓與恐懼作對照研究，結(jié)果表明，當老鼠餓了的時候，它A。Whatissaidaboutmiceattheendofthepassage?答案：C詳解：短文末尾提到，老鼠通常是群居動物，喜歡成群結(jié)伴。因此答案為C。PassageTwo（19）TheUnitedStateshasoneofthebesthighwaysystemsintheworld.Interstatehighwaysconnectjustabouteverylargeandmid-sizedcityinthecountry.Didyoueverwonderwhysuchacompletesystemofexcellentroadsexists?Foranwouldhavetogobacktotheearly1920s.(20)Inthoseyears,justafterI,themilitarywantedtobuildanAmericanhighwaysystemfornationaldefense.Suchasystemcould,ifnecessary,movetroopsquicklyfromoneareatoanother.Itcouldalsogetpeopleoutofcitiesindangerofbeingbombed.So-calledroadsofnationalimportanceweredesignated,buttheyweremostlysmallcountryroads.In1944,Congresspassedabilltoupgradethesystem,butdidnotfundtheplanrightInthe1950s,theplanbegantobecomeareality.Over$25billionwasappropriatedbyCongress,andconstructionbeganonabout40,000milesofnewroads.Theideawastoconnectthenewsystemtoexistingexpresswaysandfreeways.And,thoughthesystemwasbuiltmostlytomakecartraveleasier,defensewasnotforgotten.Forinstance,highwayoverpasseshadtobehighenoughtoallowtrailerscarryingmilitarymissilestopassunderthem.(21)By1974,thissystemwasmostlycompleted.Afewadditionalroadswouldcomelater.Quickandeasytravelbetweenallpartsofthecountrywasnowpossible.Questions19and21arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.未聽先知：construction、transport、transporation、higherspeed等詞可推測，短文1920題均為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，考查道路建造的目的；第21題各選項均為時間，可能考查道路建成的時間，聽音時要留意出現(xiàn)時間的地方。WhatdoesthespeakersayabouttheAmericanhighwaysystem?答案：D詳解：短文開頭指出，美國擁有世界上最好的高速公路系統(tǒng)之一。因此答案為D。Whatwastheoriginalpurposeofbuildingahighwaysystem?答案：B詳解：短文中提到，美國的公路建造可追溯到20世紀20年代初，在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)后的那些年里，軍方想要建造一個國防高速公路系統(tǒng)，以便在必要時迅速轉(zhuǎn)移部隊，也可以讓人民離開有被轟炸危險的城市。由此可知，美國建造公路的最初動機是部隊轉(zhuǎn)移的需求，答案為B。WhenwastheInterstateHighwaySystemmostlycompleted?答案：A20501974A。PassageThreewhiledrivingwaslistedasamajorcauseofroaddeathsamongyoungAmericansbackin2013.Arecentstudysaidthat40%ofAmericanteensclaimtohavebeeninacarwhenthedriverusedacellphoneinawaythatputpeopleindanger.Thissoundslikeawidespreaddiseasebutonethattechnologymaynowhelpedcure.Evarts,a20-year-oldinventor,hascomeupwithanovelsolutionthatcouldeasilyputtextingdriversonnotice.(23)It’scalledSmartWheel,anddesignedtofitoverthesteeringwheelofmoststandardvehiclestotrackwhetherornotthedriverhastwohandsonthewheelatalltimes.(24)Evarts’inventionwarnsthedriverswithalightandasoundwhentheyholdthewheelwithonehandonly,butassoonastheyplacetheotherhandbackonthewheel,thelightturnsbacktogreenandthesoundstops.Italsowatchesforwhat’scalled“closebyhands”,wherebothhandsareclosetogethernearthetopofthewheel,sothedrivercantypewithboththumbsanddriveatthesametime.(25)AllthedataSmartWheelcollectsisalsosenttoaconnectedapp.SoanyparentswhoinstallSmartWheelcankeeptrackofthedrivinghabits.Iftheytrytoremoveordamagethecover,reportedaswell.Questions22and25arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.未聽先知：driving、highways、steeringwheelvehicle等詞可推測，短文內(nèi)容與駕駛車輛222324keepsflashing、alerted、warning推測，此題考查駕駛員的某種行為可25題各選項均為動名詞短語，結(jié)合語義可推測，此題考查做某事的方法。WhatisamajorcauseofroaddeathsamongyoungAmericans?答案：B2013B。23.WhatisSmartWheel?答案：D詳解：短文中提到，為提醒開車時發(fā)短信的駕駛員，Evarts發(fā)明了智能方向盤（SmartWheel），該設(shè)備適用于多數(shù)標準車輛的方向盤，可以檢測駕駛員是否一直用雙手駕駛。因此答案為D。Whathappensifthedriverhasonehandonthewheel?答案：CC。Howdoparentskeeptrackoftheirdrivinghavits?答案：B詳解：短文末尾提到，智能方向盤收集的數(shù)據(jù)都會傳到相應(yīng)的App，父母只要安裝了這個應(yīng)用程序，就能追蹤到孩子的駕駛習(xí)慣。因此答案為B。PartⅢ ReadingComprehensionSectionA全文翻譯：1962年首次（26）建造時，它的外墻都是薄薄的方形石板。但這些方形的小石板成了大樓的問題，四開始進行CIS（28）咨詢Solarcentury。他們就用太陽能電池板覆蓋整棟大樓達成一致。2004CIS大（29）組群（30）規(guī)模的垂直太陽能電池板工程了。用太陽能電池板覆蓋一幢摩天大樓以前從來沒有做過，CIS大樓當選為“十大最佳綠色能源項目”之一。這次翻新項目后的很長一段時間里，它都是英國最高的大樓，但是它（31）最終被米爾班克塔超越了。（32）一定（33）產(chǎn)生能源（34）更加便宜（35）高度選項歸類：名 詞收集采集組群方面部分height高度生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)生范圍，界限；N)scale規(guī)模，程度動 詞：D)competed競爭，爭奪；E)constructed建造，構(gòu)筑；F)consulted咨詢，商量；H)discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到M)range包括，涉及；N)scale攀登；O)undertaken開始進行，著手做形容詞：A)cheaper更便宜；B)cleaner更干凈，更清潔副 詞：I)eventually最終，終于；K)necessarily必然，必定詳解詳析：答案：E)constructed建造，構(gòu)筑詳解動詞辨析題空格前有系動詞因此空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞作表語或動詞的分詞形式與was一起作謂語，備選項中的兩個形容詞均不符合句意因此應(yīng)填入動詞的分詞形式本句意為當這座大樓于1962年首次 時它的外墻都是薄薄的方形石板。接下來提到了“翻新”（renovation），由此推知，1962年是首次建造，故答案為E)constructed建造，構(gòu)筑。備選項中的其他動詞均不符合文意，故排除。答案：O)undertaken開始進行，著手做詳解動詞辨析題空格前是系動詞因此空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞作表語或動詞的分詞形式與was一起作謂語，但備選項中的兩個形容詞均不符合句意因此應(yīng)填入動詞的分詞形式本句意為但這些方形的小石板成了大樓的問題四十年來不斷地從外墻脫落直到一項重大的翻新工程 由下文可知翻新之后大樓外墻的石板換成了太陽能電池板那么直到翻新開始進行之前外墻都是石板因此答案為建造構(gòu)筑備選項中的其他動詞均不符合文意，故排除。答案：F)consulted咨詢，商量詳解：動詞辨析題?？崭袂笆敲~詞組thebuilding’sowners，空格后仍然是名詞詞組thesolarpanelcompany，句子缺少謂語因此空格處應(yīng)填入動詞本句意為在這次翻新期間大樓的所有者CIS公司 太陽能電池板公司Solarcentury。下一句提到，他們就用太陽能電池板覆蓋整幢大樓達成一致。由此推斷，CIS公司向Solarcentury公司咨詢了相關(guān)事情兩家公司商量后達成一致故答案為F)consulted咨詢商量由時間狀語duringthisrenovation可知空格處應(yīng)填入動詞的過去式而且是及物動詞因此排除D)competedM)range和又因為Solarcentury這家公司一直存在，并不是新發(fā)現(xiàn)的，所以排除H)discovered。答案：C)collection收集，采集，組群詳解名詞辨析題空格前是形容詞的最高級因此應(yīng)填入名詞本句意為，2004年完工后的CIS大樓成為歐洲最大的垂直太陽能電池板 。由上文可知，太陽能電池板覆蓋整幢大樓，因此此處應(yīng)填入含有“集合體意義的名詞收集采集組群符合句意故為答案剩余備選名詞中和J)height不能與largest搭配；CIS大樓并沒有生產(chǎn)太陽能電池板，排除L)production；M)range和N)scale不符合此處句意，故均排除。答案：N)scale規(guī)模，程度詳解名詞辨析題空格前有形容詞因此應(yīng)填入名詞本句意為自那以后再也沒有如此大 的垂直太陽能電池板工程了前一句提到完工后的CIS大樓成為歐洲最大的垂直太陽能電池板組群因此此處表達的意思是這個工程規(guī)模很大所以本題答案為N)scale規(guī)模程度aalargescale是固定搭配意“大規(guī)模的。31.答案：I)eventually最終，終于；詳解副詞辨析題空格位于謂語wasovertaken的中間因此應(yīng)填入副詞本句意為這次翻新項目后的很長一段時間里，CIS大樓都是英國最高的建筑物，但是它 被米爾班克塔超越了。由句意可知，空格處所填的副詞應(yīng)于foralongtime形成對比因此答案為I)eventually最終終于備選項中的K)necessarily不符合此處句意故排除。答案：K)necessarily必然，必定詳解：副詞辨析題?？崭袂笆莂ren’t，后面是形容詞cost-effcient，因此應(yīng)填入副詞修飾形容詞。此處意為，像這樣的綠色建筑對投資者來說不 劃算。but前后形成對比，but之后用does來強調(diào)動詞produce，可以推斷but之前的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該不是十分確定。由此可知，空格處填入的副詞應(yīng)與前面的not一起表示“不一定”的含義，故答案為K)necessarily必然，必定，notnecessarily是習(xí)慣用法，意為“不一定，未必”。答案：L)production生產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)生詳解名詞辨析題空格前是介詞后面應(yīng)該跟名詞詞組因此空格處應(yīng)填入名詞此處意為但是它產(chǎn)生的污染確實比通過化石燃料來 能源所造成的污染少由句意可知這里是對比兩種方式產(chǎn)生能源的污染情況，因此答案為L)production生產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)生。energy是從fossilfuels中得來的，因此空格處應(yīng)填入由動詞轉(zhuǎn)化來的名詞，其余備選名詞均不符合，故排除。答案：A)cheaper更便宜詳解形容詞辨析題空格前是動詞可以填入名詞作賓語但備選名詞均不符合此處句意而get也可以作為系統(tǒng)詞后面跟形容詞作表語因此此處應(yīng)填入形容詞此處意為隨著太陽能電池板變得 世界上有可能會看到更多被太陽能電池板覆蓋的摩天大樓本段第一句提到這種綠色建筑未必劃算而本句又提到以后會有更多太陽能電池板覆蓋的摩天大樓說明太陽能電池板的成本會降低故答案為A)cheaper更便宜太陽能電池板本身就是清潔能源，不可能“更清潔”，因此排除B)cleaner。答案：J)height高度詳解名詞辨析題空格前是介詞后面應(yīng)該跟名詞或動名詞備選項中沒有動名詞因此空格處應(yīng)填入名詞。本句意為想象這樣一個世界建造最高的摩天大樓不再是一個關(guān)于 的競賽而是一個關(guān)于收集最多太陽能的競賽由空格前的tallest可知摩天大樓比的是高度因此本題答案為J)height高度其余備選名詞均不符合此處句意，故排除。SectionB全文翻譯：一些大學(xué)生對他們必須付費做作業(yè)感到氣憤80155美元之間不等——可以讓學(xué)生在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上使用由麥格勞希（40）3公共利益研究集團高等教育倡導(dǎo)者伊?！uzzFeed新聞?wù)f道。120250美元（印刷課本的價格），”斯奈克說道。“但是因為全部數(shù)字化，這就淘汰了舊書市場，消除了任何形式的共享。而且由于作業(yè)和考試是通過一個訪問代碼進行的，所以也消除了任何不參與其中的可能?！彼_日娜·192015年剛上大學(xué)時面臨著進退兩難的處境—BuzzFeed新聞?wù)f，她大一的化學(xué)課要求她使用由麥格勞·希爾公司提Connect120美450美元買課本，而且很快又要交房租了。（43）150200美元，用這筆錢來支付這個代碼。她知這些訪問代碼或許又是一筆讓學(xué)生頭疼的財務(wù)問題，但是對教科書企業(yè)來說，它們才是未來。（39）麥格·21%32015年時首次超過了印刷品的售。該公司稱，20151.445%“來自數(shù)字產(chǎn)品”。BuzzFeed新聞，“數(shù)字材料更便宜，是很好的投資”，它可以提供新的特色，（42）60%的麥格勞8月份時告訴《金融時報》，“在高等教育中，印刷教材的時代現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束了?！薄uzzFeed新聞?！八杂∷⒆鳂I(yè)任務(wù)無法實現(xiàn)[M]Harper[M]Harpera家禽majoristakingchemistryagainthisyearandhadtobuyanewaccesscodetohandinherhomework.Sherentedhereconomicsandstatisticstextbooksforabout$20each.Butheraccesscodesforhomework,whichcan’tberentedorboughtsecond-hand,werehermostexpensivepurchases:$120and$85.38.Ifastudenttakesacourseagain,theymayhavetobuyanewaccesscodetosubmittheirassignments.譯文：如果學(xué)生重修一門課程，那么他們可能不得不購買一個新的訪問代碼來提交作業(yè)。定位：由題干中的takesacourseagain和buyanewaccesscode定位到原文畫線處。大衛(wèi)BuzzFeed新聞?wù)f。他明白使用這些需要訪問代碼的系統(tǒng)的功用。但是，他沒有要求他的學(xué)生們購買控制課程作專業(yè)知識最能帶給學(xué)生益處的地方?！?0BuzzFeed500美元至600美元.（36）序的訪問代碼上花費了900美元3050L)（41）本杰明19BuzzFeed他購買的很多代碼僅被要求用來完BC500美元。（38）哈珀學(xué)的是家禽科學(xué)專業(yè)，今年要重修化學(xué)，她不得不買一個新的訪問代碼來提交家庭作業(yè)。她租20美元。但是，她用來交作業(yè)的訪問代碼既不能租，也不能買二手的，這才12085美元。她仍記得第一次因為價格太高而沒有交作業(yè)所經(jīng)歷的那種刺痛?！拔覀兤鋵崨]有一個漏交作業(yè)的規(guī)定，”詳解詳析：[K]A20-year-oldjunioratGeorgiaSouthernUniversitytoldBuzzFeedNewsthatshenormallyspends$500-$600onaccesscodesforclass.Inonecase,theprofessordidn’trequirestudentstobuyatextbook,justanaccesscodetoturninhomework.[K]A20-year-oldjunioratGeorgiaSouthernUniversitytoldBuzzFeedNewsthatshenormallyspends$500-$600onaccesscodesforclass.Inonecase,theprofessordidn’trequirestudentstobuyatextbook,justanaccesscodetoturninhomework.Thisyearshesaidshespent$900onaccesscodestobooksandprograms.“That’stwomonthsofrent,”shesaid.“Youcan’tsellanyofitback.Withatraditionaltextbookyoucansellitfor$30-50$andthathelpstopayforyournewsemester’sbooks.Withanaccesscode,you’reoutofthatmoney.”36.Astudent’syearlyexpensesonaccesscodesmayamounttotheirrentfortwomonths.譯文：學(xué)生每年在訪問代碼上的花費可能相當于他們兩個月的房租。定位：由題干中rent和twomonths定位到原文畫線處。[D]“Whenwetalkabouttheaccesscodeweseeitasthenewfaceofthetextbookmonopoly（壟斷）,anewwayto[D]“Whenwetalkabouttheaccesscodeweseeitasthenewfaceofthetextbookmonopoly（壟斷）,anewwaytolockstudentsaroundthissystem,”saidEthanSenack,thehighereducationadvocatefortheU.S.PublicInterestResearchGroup,toBuzzFeedNews.“Ratherthan$250(foraprinttextbook)you’repaying$120,”saidSenack.“Butbecausealldigitaliteliminatestheusedbookmarketandeliminatesanysharingandbecausehomeworkandtestsarethroughanaccesscode,iteliminatesanyabilitytooptout.”37.Theonlineaccesscodesmaybeseenasawaytotiethestudentstothedigitalsystem.譯文：線上訪問代碼可以被看作是一種將捆綁在數(shù)字系統(tǒng)上的方式。定位：由題干中的awaytotiethestudents定位到原文畫線處。BuzzFeedtiethestydentstothedigitalsystemlockstudentsaroundthissystemD)。[F]Shedecidedtowaitforhernextwork-studypaycheck,whichwastypically$150-$200,topayforthecode.Sheknewthatherchemistrygrademaytakeadiveasaresult.“It’sabalancingact,”43.Onestudentdecidednottobuyheraccesscodeuntilshereceivedthepayforherpart-timejob.譯文：一名學(xué)生決定在收到她的兼職工資后再購買[H]APearsonspokespersontoldBuzzFeedNewsthat“digitalmaterialsarelessexpensiveandagoodinvestment”thatoffernewfeatures,likeaudiotexts,personalizedknowledgechecksandexpertvideos.Itsdigitalcoursematerialssavestudentsupto60%comparedtotraditionalprintedtextbooks,thecompanyadded.McGrawHilldidn’trespondtoarequestforcomment,butitsCEODavidLevintoldtheFinancialTimesinAugustthat“inhighereducation,theeraoftheprintedtextbookisnowover.”42.Digitalmaterialscancoststudentslessthanhalfthepriceoftraditionalprintedbooksaccordingtoapublisher.譯文：據(jù)一個出版商稱，學(xué)生在數(shù)字材料商花費不到傳統(tǒng)印刷書本一半的價格。Digitalmaterials[F]Shedecidedtowaitforhernextwork-studypaycheck,whichwastypically$150-$200,topayforthecode.Sheknewthatherchemistrygrademaytakeadiveasaresult.“It’sabalancingact,”43.Onestudentdecidednottobuyheraccesscodeuntilshereceivedthepayforherpart-timejob.譯文：一名學(xué)生決定在收到她的兼職工資后再購買[H]APearsonspokespersontoldBuzzFeedNewsthat“digitalmaterialsarelessexpensiveandagoodinvestment”thatoffernewfeatures,likeaudiotexts,personalizedknowledgechecksandexpertvideos.Itsdigitalcoursematerialssavestudentsupto60%comparedtotraditionalprintedtextbooks,thecompanyadded.McGrawHilldidn’trespondtoarequestforcomment,butitsCEODavidLevintoldtheFinancialTimesinAugustthat“inhighereducation,theeraoftheprintedtextbookisnowover.”42.Digitalmaterialscancoststudentslessthanhalfthepriceoftraditionalprintedbooksaccordingtoapublisher.譯文：據(jù)一個出版商稱，學(xué)生在數(shù)字材料商花費不到傳統(tǒng)印刷書本一半的價格。Digitalmaterialstraditionalprintedbooks定位到原文畫線處。[L]BenjaminWolverton,a19-year-oldstudentattheUniversityofSouthCarolina,toldBuzzFeedNewsthat“it’sridiculousthatafterpayingtensofthousandsintuitionwehavetopayforalltheseaccesscodestodoourhomework.”Manyoftheaccesscodeshe’spurchasedhavebeenrequiredsimplytocompletehomeworkorquizzes.“Oftenit’sonly10%ofyourgradeinclass,”hesaid.“You’repayingsomuchmoneyforsomethingthathardlyaffectsyourgrade—butifyoudidn’thaveit,itwouldaffectyourgradeenough.ItwouldbebadtostartoutataBorC.”Wolvertonsaidhespent$500onaccesscodesfordigitalbooksandprogramsthissemester.41.Onestudentcomplainedthattheynowhadtopayforaccesscodesinadditiontothehightuition.定位：由題干中的student和thehightuition定位到原文畫線處。[B]Thecodes—whichtypicallyrangeinpricefrom$80to$155percourse—givestudentsonlineaccesstosystemsdevelopedbyeducationcompanieslikeMcGrawHillandPearson.Thesecompanies,whichlongreapedbigprofitsastextbookpublishers,haveboastedthattheirnewonlineofferings,whenpushedtostudentsthroughuniversitiestheypartherwith,representthefutureoftheindustry.40.Manytraditionaltextbookpublishersarenowofferingonlinedigitalproducts,whichtheybelievewillbethefutureofthepublishingbusiness.譯文：很多傳統(tǒng)教材出版商現(xiàn)在提供線上數(shù)字產(chǎn)品，他們認為這些產(chǎn)品是出版行業(yè)的未來。定位：由題干中的textbookpublishers、offeringonlinedigitalproducts和future定位到原文畫線處。[G]Theaccesscodesmaybeanotherfinancialheadacheforstudents,butfortextbookbusinesses,they’rethefuture.McGrawHill,whichcontrols21%ofthehighereducationmarket,reportedinMarchthatitsdigitalcontentsalesexceededprintsalesforthefirsttimein2015.Thecompanysaidthat45%ofits$140millionrevenuein2015“wasderivedfromdigitalproducts.”39.McGrawHillaccountsforoverone-fifthofthemarketshareofcollegetextbooks.譯文：麥格勞·希爾公司占大學(xué)教材市場份額的五分之一以上。McGrawHill和themarketshareofcollegetextbooks定位原文畫線處。21%希爾公司占大學(xué)教材市場accountsforcontrols；overone-fifth21%的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答G)。onlinedigitalproducts對應(yīng)原文中的newonlineofferings；bethefuturerepresentthefutureB)。詳解：L)段首句提到，本杰明·BuzzFeed新聞?wù)f，“這太可笑了，我們已經(jīng)付了好幾萬的學(xué)費，OnestudentBenjaminWolverton;complainedthehightuitionridiculousthattensofthousandsintuition，題干是對定位句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，L)。60%coststudentslessthanhalfthepricesavestudentsupto60%;apublisherPearsonH)。shesaid.“CanIreallyaffordtheseaccesscodesnow?”Shedidn’thandinherfirsttwoassignmentsforchemistry,whichstartedhershesaid.“CanIreallyaffordtheseaccesscodesnow?”Shedidn’thandinherfirsttwoassignmentsforchemistry,whichstartedheroutintheclasswithafailinggrade.訪問代碼。定位：由題干中的thepayforherpart-timejob定位到原文畫線處。[J]DavidHunt,anassociateprofessorinsociologyatAugustaUniversity,whichhasrolledoutdigitaltextbooksacrossitsmathandpsychologydepartments,toldBuzzFeedNewsthatheunderstandstheutilityofusingsystemsthatrequireaccesscodes.Buthedoesn’trequirehisstudentstobuyaccesstoalearningprogramthatcontrolstheclassassignments.“Itrytomakethingsasinexpensiveaspossible,”saidHunt,whousesfreedigitaltextbooksforhisclassesbutdesignshisowncurriculum.“TheonlinesystemsmaymakemylifealoteasierbutIfeellikeI’mgivingupcontrol.Thediscussionsarethethingswheremyexpertisecanbenefitthestudentsmost.”44.Onlinesystemsmaydepriveteachersofopportunitiestomakethebestuseoftheirexpertisefortheirstudents.譯文：線上系統(tǒng)可能會剝奪老師們充分利用專業(yè)知識為學(xué)生服務(wù)的機會。定位：由題干中的Onlinesystems和expertise定位到原文畫線處。150200hepayforherpar-meobwor-sudypa[J]DavidHunt,anassociateprofessorinsociologyatAugustaUniversity,whichhasrolledoutdigitaltextbooksacrossits