高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1甘肅省臨夏州2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWehavedoneallthehardworkforyouandhandpicked2025’suniqueandexcitinginstruments.HilipertRelaxerThisportablerelaxeractsasamobiletreatmenttool,providinginstantneckpainrelief,whetherathomeorintheoffice.It’sperfectforthosewhodon’twanttospendalotonprofessionaltreatment.HilipertTrainerThismilitary-gradedeviceusesEMS(電肌肉刺激)technologytoburnfatandbuildmusclebysendingelectricpulses(脈沖)tosimulatehigh-intensityworkouts.It’seasytouse—juststickitonandpressabutton.It’ssafeforallagesandhasnosideeffects.OrbiBallTiredofstayingindoors?TheOrbiBallisanoutdoortoythatfloats,flies,andflashescolors.Itcanspinover100feetintheairandprovidehoursoffunforkidsandadultsalike.It’ssuretobeastarforaparty!Snoring(打呼嚕)ConnectionThiswatch-likedevicemonitorssnoringandsendssoftsignalstoencourageachangeinposition,effectivelyreducingsnoring.Besides,itishandytooperate.Thesedevicesareavailableonline,under$60,andcomewitha30-daymoney-backguarantee.Don’tmissoutbeforetheysellout!1.WhatisspecialaboutHilipertRelaxer?A.Itisawearablewatch-likedevice.B.Itistorelievenecktensionandpain.C.Itcanenhancemusclestrength.D.Itisatoythatprovidesentertainment.2.Whichelectronicmayappealtochildren?A.HilipertRelaxer. B.HilipertTrainer.C.OrbiBall. D.SnoringConnection.3.WhatdoHilipertTrainerandSnoringConnectionhaveincon:mon?A.Theyareconvenienttooperate.B.Theyaredesignedforoutdooruse.C.Theyareprimarilyusedforfun.D.Theyaresoldinoff-linestores.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了2025年幾款獨(dú)特且令人興奮的器械，包括它們的功能、特點(diǎn)等信息。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HilipertRelaxer”部分中的“Thisportablerelaxeractsasamobiletreatmenttool,providinginstantneckpainrelief,whetherathomeorintheoffice.(這款便攜式放松器可作為移動(dòng)治療工具，無(wú)論在家中還是辦公室，都能立即緩解頸部疼痛。)”可知，HilipertRelaxer的特別之處在于它能緩解頸部緊張和疼痛。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“OrbiBall”部分中的“TheOrbiBallisanoutdoortoythatfloats,flies,andflashescolors.Itcanspinover100feetintheairandprovidehoursoffunforkidsandadultsalike.(OrbiBall是一款戶外玩具，能漂浮、飛行并閃爍顏色。它可以在空中旋轉(zhuǎn)超過(guò)100英尺，為兒童和成人帶來(lái)數(shù)小時(shí)的樂(lè)趣。)”可知，OrbiBall是一款玩具，能給孩子帶來(lái)樂(lè)趣，可能會(huì)吸引兒童。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HilipertTrainer”部分的“It’seasytouse—juststickitonandpressabutton.(它使用方便——只需貼上去按一下按鈕即可。)”以及“SnoringConnection”部分中的“Besides,itishandytooperate.(此外，它操作簡(jiǎn)便。)”可知，HilipertTrainer和SnoringConnection的共同點(diǎn)是操作方便。故選A項(xiàng)。BLakshmispendshourseverydaydigginguplargeyams(山藥)thatgrowunderthesoil.Someyamsweigh5kgandarealmostastallassheis.Lakshmisaysthisworkisveryhard.LakshmilivesinKerala,astateinsouthernIndia.Sheispartofanall-womengroupcalledNoorang.ThewomeninNoorangbelongtooneofKerala’soldesttribes(部落).Theyaretryingtosaveyams.Theseyamshavegrownontheirlandformanyyears.ButyamsarenolongeramaindietamongtribalcommunitiesinKeraladuetotheirrapidlychanginglifestyle.Youngpeoplehavemanyotherfoodstoeat,likericeandwheat.Theydonotthinkyamsarespecialanymore.Badweatheralsohurtsyamharvests.Inthepast,floodsandlandslidescausedmanyyamstodie.Recently,therewasasharpdeclineinlandsdedicatedtoyamproductioninKerala,withmanyofthesebeingchangedtothemorerubbercultivationinstead.“Thewomengrowyamstofeedtheirfamiliesandtokeeptheserareyamsfromdisappearing,”saysLakshmi.“Webelieveyamscancuresomeillnesses,”saysShantha,anothermemberofNoorang.“Manymothersherethinkyamsaregoodforthestomach.”Since2022,theNooranggrouphasbroughtback180kindsofwildyams.Theyhavefifteenkindsofwildyams,threekindsofelephantyams,eightkindsofColocasias,sevenkindsofsweetpotatoes,andonekindofChinesepotato.“Ourgoalistosaverareyamsandgrowmore,”saysSarasu,amemberofNoorang.4.WhatistheNoorang’smaintask?A.Gettingmorepeopletoeatyams. B.Sellingyamsformoreprofits.C.Protectingancienttypesofyams. D.Growingyamsinsteadofrubber.5.Whyareyamsnolongeramaindietforlocals?A.Peopledidn’trealizetheirnutrition.B.Localpeople’slifestylehaschanged.C.Yamshavegonefromtheregion.D.Yamsarenowafancyfood.6.Whatcausedyamproductiontodropgreatlyrecently?A.Floodinganddeadlylandslides. B.Abanonyamcultivation.C.Theintroductionofnewyams. D.Theshifttorubbercultivation.7.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Theproject’sgreatachievement. B.Themarketpredictionofyams.C.Theaddednutritiontothevariety. D.Theproject‘sgreatmotivation.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了印度喀拉拉邦一個(gè)名為Noorang的全女性部落團(tuán)體努力拯救當(dāng)?shù)厣剿幍墓适?，包括山藥面臨的困境以及該團(tuán)體所做的努力和取得的成果?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theyaretryingtosaveyams.Theseyamshavegrownontheirlandformanyyears.(她們正努力拯救山藥。這些山藥在她們的土地上生長(zhǎng)了許多年)”以及最后一段““Ourgoalistosaverareyamsandgrowmore,”saysSarasu,amemberofNoorang.(“我們的目標(biāo)是拯救珍稀山藥，并種植更多?！盢oorang團(tuán)體的成員Sarasu說(shuō))”可知，Noorang的主要任務(wù)是保護(hù)古老品種的山藥。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ButyamsarenolongeramaindietamongtribalcommunitiesinKeraladuetotheirrapidlychanginglifestyle.(但由于生活方式的快速變化，山藥不再是喀拉拉邦部落社區(qū)的主要食物)”可知，山藥不再是當(dāng)?shù)厝说闹饕澄锸且驗(yàn)楫?dāng)?shù)厝说纳罘绞桨l(fā)生了改變。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Recently,therewasasharpdeclineinlandsdedicatedtoyamproductioninKerala,withmanyofthesebeingchangedtothemorerubbercultivationinstead.(最近，喀拉拉邦用于山藥種植的土地急劇減少，其中許多土地被改種了橡膠)”可知，最近山藥產(chǎn)量大幅下降的原因是土地轉(zhuǎn)向種植橡膠。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Since2022,theNooranggrouphasbroughtback180kindsofwildyams.Theyhavefifteenkindsofwildyams,threekindsofelephantyams,eightkindsofColocasias,sevenkindsofsweetpotatoes,andonekindofChinesepotato.(自2022年以來(lái)，Noorang團(tuán)體已經(jīng)找回了180種野生山藥。她們有15種野生山藥、3種象山藥、8種芋類、7種紅薯和1種中國(guó)馬鈴薯)”可知，該段主要介紹了Noorang團(tuán)體在拯救山藥方面取得的巨大成果。故選A項(xiàng)。CElectronicdeviceslikesmartphonesandlaptopshavebecomeimportantinmodernlife,buttheirproductionandtreatmentcomewithsignificantenvironmentalcosts.E-wasteisnowthefastest-growingwastestreamglobally,withmillionsoftonsthrownyearly.Manyconsumersareunawarethatharmfultreatmentleadstochemicalslikelead(鉛)andmercury(水銀)pollutingsoilandwater.Theenvironmentalimpactbeginslongbeforetreatment.Miningrawmaterialsforelectronicscauseswaterpollution.Productionconsumesvastenergy,increasingcarbonemissions.Whendevicesarethrownimproperly,theyreleasedangerouschemicals,harmingecosystemsandhumanhealth.Recyclingoffersasolutionbyrecoveringvaluablemetals(gold,silver)andreducingtheneedfornewmining.However,onlyasmallpartofe-wasteisproperlyrecycled.Governmentsandproducersmustimproverecyclingfacilitiesandadopt“ExtendedProducerResponsibility(EPR)”policies,ensuringcompaniesmanagetheirproducts’end-of-lifeimpacts.Consumersalsoplayakeyroleinchoosingenergy-efficientdevices,repairingandrecyclingthroughtypicalprogramsinsteadofreplacingelectronics.Properpracticeslikeproducers’take-backprogramscanlengthenproducts’life.Publicawarenesscampaignsarecriticaltodrivepositivechanges.Whilenosinglesolutioncansolvee-wasteentirely,sharedaction—frompolicymakers,industries,andindividuals—cansignificantlyreduceitshiddencosts.8.Whichaspectofe-wastecausesenvironmentalproblems?A.Impropertreatment. B.Largequantity.C.Widerange. D.Greatdemand.9.Whatcanbeinferredaboutrecyclinge-waste?A.Governmentsbane-waste.B.E-wasteisrecycledproperly.C.Consumersprefertoreplacedevices.D.Recyclingreducesrawmaterials’use.10.WhatdoesEPRrequirepeopletodo?A.Producecheaperdevices.B.Recycleproductsafteruse.C.Increaseproductpromotion.D.Useharmlessproductionmaterials.11.Whatisthepurposeofthisarticle?A.Todescribedevices’history.B.Topromotesmartphonemodels.C.Tocriticizeelectronicproducers.D.Toexplainandoffere-wastesolutions.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了電子垃圾帶來(lái)的環(huán)境問(wèn)題，包括其產(chǎn)生的原因、造成的危害，以及解決電子垃圾問(wèn)題的相關(guān)措施等?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Manyconsumersareunawarethatharmfultreatmentleadstochemicalslikelead(鉛)andmercury(水銀)pollutingsoilandwater.(許多消費(fèi)者沒有意識(shí)到，有害的處理方式會(huì)導(dǎo)致鉛、水銀等化學(xué)物質(zhì)污染土壤和水源)”可知，電子垃圾的不當(dāng)處理會(huì)引發(fā)環(huán)境問(wèn)題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Recyclingoffersasolutionbyrecoveringvaluablemetals(gold,silver)andreducingtheneedfornewmining.(回收利用通過(guò)回收有價(jià)值的金屬（金、銀）并減少對(duì)新采礦的需求，提供了一種解決方案)”可知，回收電子垃圾可以減少對(duì)原材料的使用。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Governmentsandproducersmustimproverecyclingfacilitiesandadopt“ExtendedProducerResponsibility(EPR)”policies,ensuringcompaniesmanagetheirproducts’end-of-lifeimpacts.(政府和生產(chǎn)商必須改善回收設(shè)施，并采用“生產(chǎn)者延伸責(zé)任（EPR）”政策，確保企業(yè)對(duì)其產(chǎn)品的報(bào)廢影響進(jìn)行管理)”可知，EPR要求企業(yè)在產(chǎn)品使用后對(duì)其進(jìn)行回收處理。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“E-wasteisnowthefastest-growingwastestreamglobally,withmillionsoftonsthrownyearly.Manyconsumersareunawarethatharmfultreatmentleadstochemicalslikelead(鉛)andmercury(水銀)pollutingsoilandwater.(電子垃圾如今已成為全球增長(zhǎng)最快的廢物流，每年有數(shù)以百萬(wàn)噸計(jì)的電子垃圾被丟棄。許多消費(fèi)者并未意識(shí)到，對(duì)電子垃圾的不當(dāng)處理會(huì)導(dǎo)致鉛、水銀等化學(xué)物質(zhì)污染土壤和水源)”并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章首先闡述了電子垃圾帶來(lái)的環(huán)境成本和危害，包括從原材料開采到處理過(guò)程中的各種環(huán)境問(wèn)題，隨后提出了回收利用、政府和生產(chǎn)者采取措施、消費(fèi)者參與等解決辦法，因此，D選項(xiàng)“解釋電子垃圾問(wèn)題并提供解決方案?！笔潜疚膶懽髂康摹９蔬xD項(xiàng)。DWhenFrancisCsedrikwaseight,herecalledsomevivideventsfromagefour,likefallingonthefloor.YetherememberednothingofafamilytriptothePhilippinesatagethree—aclassicexampleofchildhoodmemoryloss.Mostadultskeepnomemoriesoftheirlivesforthefirst3.5years,saysPatriciaBauer,anEmoryUniversitypsychologist.Scientistshavelongstudiedwhyearlymemoriesdisappear.Atthebeginning,theybelievedyoungbrainscouldn’tformlastingmemories.But1980sresearchshowedeventoddlers(學(xué)步孩童)keepsoundmemories.Bauer’sstudiesshowthatwhile7-year-oldsrecallover60%ofearlyevents,8-or9-year-oldsrememberlessthan40%,markingthebeginningofmemoryloss.“Thelessmature(成熟的)brainstructurescausethisloss,”Bauerexplains.Beforeagefour,memorysystemsfunctionweakly.Yetsomememoriessurvive,particularlysignificantones.ProfessorCarolePetersonfoundchildrenrememberdamagingevents,likeemergencyroomvisits,evenadecadelater.Francisvividlyrecalledhisleginjuryatfourwhenhewaseight,whileonechildinPeterson’sstudyrememberedcryingat18monthswhenhisbrotherwasborn.Otherfactorsalsohelptopreservesomememories.Parentsplayakeyroleinhelpingmaintainmemories.Researchshowsthatwhenaparenthelpsachildgiveshapeandstructureandcontexttoamemory,it’slesslikelytodisappear.Francis’sparentsconsolidateFrancis’sleginjurymemorythroughretellingandschoolwriting.Interestingly,aperson’slifestoryusuallyincludeseventsthatshouldhavebeenlosttochildhoodmemoryloss.That’sbecausewhenourownmemoriesstarttofail,Petersonsays,werelyonfamilymembers,photoalbumsandvideostorestorethem.Suchfindingsinfluencecourts,wherechildwitnesseswereonceregardedasunreliable.Petersonnoteschildrenrecallaccuratelyifquestionedproperly.Keepingdangerousexperiencesalsoaidssurvival.ForFrancis,somememoriesdisappeared—butothers,likehisinjury,remainedsharp.“I’llalwaysrememberthatday,”hesaid.Hismotheragreed:it’salessonincaution,keptthroughretelling.12.Howdoestheauthorstartthetext?A.Bygivingadefinition.B.Byexplaininganopinion.C.Bygivingaspecificexample.D.Bypresentingthebackground.13.WhatcauseschildhoodmemorylossaccordingtoBauer?A.Fewstrongmemories.B.Immaturebrainstructures.C.Inabilitytoformmemories.D.Lowinterestinmemories.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“consolidate”probablymeaninParagraph3?A.Forget. B.Reduce.C.Weaken. D.Strengthen.15.What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A.CourtsUseChildrenasWitnessesB.EmotionalMemoriesCountGreatlyC.SecretsBehindChildhoodMemoryD.ParentsHelpChildrentoRemember【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要探討了兒童記憶遺忘的現(xiàn)象，包括其原因、一些記憶能夠保留的因素以及相關(guān)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)帶來(lái)的影響等。【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenFrancisCsedrikwaseight,herecalledsomevivideventsfromagefour,likefallingonthefloor.YetherememberednothingofafamilytriptothePhilippinesatagethree—aclassicexampleofchildhoodmemoryloss.(弗朗西斯?塞德里克8歲時(shí)，他回憶起4歲時(shí)的一些生動(dòng)事件，比如摔倒在地板上。然而，他對(duì)三歲時(shí)全家去菲律賓的旅行卻毫無(wú)記憶——這是兒童記憶喪失的典型例子。)”可知，作者開篇通過(guò)弗朗西斯?塞德里克的具體事例引出兒童記憶遺忘這一話題。故選C項(xiàng)。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段““Thelessmature(成熟的)brainstructurescausethisloss,”Bauerexplains.(鮑爾解釋說(shuō)：“不太成熟的大腦結(jié)構(gòu)導(dǎo)致了這種遺忘?！?”可知，鮑爾認(rèn)為兒童記憶遺忘是由不成熟的大腦結(jié)構(gòu)引起的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“Parentsplayakeyroleinhelpingmaintainmemories.Researchshowsthatwhenaparenthelpsachildgiveshapeandstructureandcontexttoamemory,it’slesslikelytodisappear.Francis’sparentsconsolidateFrancis’sleginjurymemorythroughretellingandschoolwriting.(父母在幫助維持記憶方面起著關(guān)鍵作用。研究表明，當(dāng)父母幫助孩子賦予記憶形狀、結(jié)構(gòu)和背景時(shí)，記憶就不太可能消失。弗朗西斯的父母通過(guò)復(fù)述和學(xué)校寫作來(lái)consolidate弗朗西斯關(guān)于腿部受傷的記憶)”可知，弗朗西斯的父母通過(guò)這些方式幫助他鞏固了關(guān)于腿傷的記憶，所以“consolidate”在這里應(yīng)該是“加強(qiáng)、鞏固”的意思，與“Strengthen”含義相近。故選D項(xiàng)。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“YetherememberednothingofafamilytriptothePhilippinesatagethree—aclassicexampleofchildhoodmemoryloss.Mostadultskeepnomemoriesoftheirlivesforthefirst3.5years,saysPatriciaBauer,anEmoryUniversitypsychologist.(然而，他對(duì)三歲時(shí)全家去菲律賓的旅行卻毫無(wú)記憶——這是兒童記憶喪失的典型例子。埃默里大學(xué)的心理學(xué)家帕特里夏?鮑爾表示，大多數(shù)成年人對(duì)自己人生最初的3.5年都沒有記憶)”以及結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章開頭以具體事例引出兒童記憶遺忘現(xiàn)象，接著介紹了科學(xué)家對(duì)兒童記憶遺忘原因的研究，還探討了一些記憶能夠保留的因素以及相關(guān)發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)法庭等的影響，整體圍繞兒童記憶背后的秘密展開。C項(xiàng)“童年記憶背后的秘密”適合用作標(biāo)題，故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Theclimateischanging,andthehumanraceisfindingthatwemustrethinkmanyofthehabitsthatwe’vetakenforgrantedforgenerations.Fortunately,“l(fā)ivinggreen”canbeaneconomicaldecisionaswellasanecologicaldecision.Youdon’thavetomakehugechangesallatonce.____16____Everysmallstephelpsprotecttheenvironment.·____17____Usinglesselectricityiseasyandcansavemoneytoo!Turnofflightswhenyouleavearoom.Unplugdeviceslikechargersandapplianceswhenyou’renotusingthem.Insteadofturningontheairconditioner,openthewindowstoletfreshairandsunlightin.Thesesmallhabitscanmakeabigdifferenceinreducingenergyuse.·UseLessWater.____18____Don’tletthetaprunwhilebrushingyourteethorwashingdishes.Takeshortershowersandonlyflushthetoiletwhennecessary.Youcanalsocollectrainwatertowateryourplants.Simpleactionslikethesehelpconservewaterandprotectournaturalresources.·ChooseGreenerTransportation.Carsusealotoffuelandcreatepollution.Walking,biking,ortakingthebusarebetterfortheenvironment.Ifyoumustownyourownvehicle,thenexplorethepossibilityofhybrid-electriccarsthatallowyoutoburnless.Usingride-sharingservicesisanothergreatchoice.____19____·UsePaperLess.TheInternetmakesiteasytoreducepaperuse.Payyourbillsonlineandaskfordigitalreceiptsinsteadofpaperones.____20____Switchtodigitalnewspapersandmagazinestoavoidpaperwaste,Usinglesspaperisasimplewaytolivegreenerandhelptheplanet.A.SaveElectricity.B.LiveaLow-carbonLife.C.Waterisprecious,souseitwisely.D.Youdon’thavetothinkaboutthebenefitsoflivinggreen.E.Useemailandsocialmediatostayintouchwithfriendsandfamily.F.Thesechoicesarenotonlyeco-friendlybutalsocansaveyoumoney.G.Juststartbybeingmindfulofthethingsyouuseandthewasteyoucreate.【答案】16.G17.A18.C19.F20.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一些“綠色生活”的方法，這些方法既能節(jié)約開支，又有利于生態(tài)環(huán)境，并且強(qiáng)調(diào)不必一次性做出巨大改變，從小處著手也能為保護(hù)環(huán)境貢獻(xiàn)力量?！?6題詳析】上文“Youdon’thavetomakehugechangesallatonce.(你不必一次性做出巨大的改變)”說(shuō)明踐行綠色生活不需要一下子有大變動(dòng)，空處承接上文，應(yīng)說(shuō)明具體從何做起，G選項(xiàng)“只需從留意你使用的東西和你產(chǎn)生的廢物開始”指出了從小處著手的具體做法，與下文“Everysmallstephelpsprotecttheenvironment.(每一小步都有助于保護(hù)環(huán)境)”也能呼應(yīng)。故選G。【17題詳析】下文“Usinglesselectricityiseasyandcansavemoneytoo!(減少用電很容易，還能省錢！)”以及列舉的關(guān)燈、拔掉不用的設(shè)備插頭等行為，都圍繞節(jié)約用電展開，A選項(xiàng)“節(jié)約用電”能概括該段內(nèi)容，適合作本段的主旨句。故選A?！?8題詳析】本段的主題是“UseLessWater.(節(jié)約用水)”，引出節(jié)約用水的話題，空處應(yīng)進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)水的重要性以及如何用水，C選項(xiàng)“水是寶貴的，所以要明智地使用它”符合語(yǔ)境，既點(diǎn)明了水的珍貴，與下文“Don’tletthetaprunwhilebrushingyourteethorwashingdishes.Takeshortershowersandonlyflushthetoiletwhennecessary.(刷牙或洗碗時(shí)不要讓水龍頭一直開著。淋浴時(shí)間要短一些，只有必要時(shí)才沖馬桶)”相照應(yīng)，具體的節(jié)水行為。故選C。【19題詳析】上文“Walking,biking,ortakingthebusarebetterfortheenvironment.Ifyoumustownyourownvehicle,thenexplorethepossibilityofhybrid-electriccarsthatallowyoutoburnless.Usingride-sharingservicesisanothergreatchoice.(步行、騎自行車或乘坐公共汽車對(duì)環(huán)境更有益。如果你必須擁有自己的車輛，那么可以考慮混合動(dòng)力汽車，這類車能減少燃油消耗。使用拼車服務(wù)也是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇)”說(shuō)明了這些都是更環(huán)保的交通方式，空處應(yīng)總結(jié)這些選擇的好處，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“這些選擇不僅環(huán)保，還能為你省錢”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F?！?0題詳析】上文“Payyourbillsonlineandaskfordigitalreceiptsinsteadofpaperones.(在線支付賬單，索要電子收據(jù)而不是紙質(zhì)收據(jù))”，都是減少用紙的具體做法，空處應(yīng)繼續(xù)列舉相關(guān)做法，E選項(xiàng)“使用電子郵件和社交媒體與朋友和家人保持聯(lián)系”符合語(yǔ)境，通過(guò)電子方式聯(lián)系可以減少信紙等紙張的使用，屬于減少用紙的行為，同時(shí)照應(yīng)下文“Switchtodigitalnewspapersandmagazinestoavoidpaperwaste,Usinglesspaperisasimplewaytolivegreenerandhelptheplanet(改用電子報(bào)紙和雜志，以避免紙張浪費(fèi)。減少用紙是一種簡(jiǎn)單的綠色生活方式，有助于保護(hù)地球)”，照應(yīng)減少用紙的主題。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Beforeschoolended,MsThompsonmadeanannouncementtotheclass.“ThisSunday,wewillmeetthedogsattheanimalshelter.Ifyou’dliketo____21____,hereisaflyer(傳單),”shesaid.Tommyhadalwayswantedadog,sohehurriedto____22____aflyer.ThenMsThompson____23____,“Wewillbereadingtothedogs.”Tommy____24____,forreadingwashardforhim.Still,hewasreallyintodogs,sohe____25____tohaveatry.Attheshelter,theshelterworkerhandedTommyagraydog—Teddy.TommycarriedTeddytoachairand____26____down.WithTeddysettlingontohislap,Tommystarted____27____.TommypattedTeddy’sback,____28____tofindTeddywaslistening.Onreturninghome,TommytoldDad,“Teddyisthebestdogever.”Dad____29____,“Iamgladyoutwoarebuddies.”Allweek,TommywaitedforSunday.Ontheday,TommyreadwhileTeddysatonhislapandthey_____30_____eachother’scompany.Gradually,Tommy_____31_____thatreadingseemedeasierwithTeddyaround.AnotherSundaycame,Tommy_____32_____totheshelter,butTeddywasnowheretobefound._____33_____,heheadedforhome.Themomentheenteredthehouse,therewasTeddy,waggingitstail.Notbelievinghiseyes,heaskedhisfatherwhathappened.“IknowhowmuchyouenjoyedspendingtimewithTeddy,sowedecidedto_____34_____him,”Dadexplained.Unableto_____35_____himself,Tommyjumpedtohisfeet,hisexcitedscreamsechoing(回響)inthehouse.21.A.improve B.join C.develop D.remain22.A.enjoy B.admire C.take D.spot23.A.scolded B.recalled C.refused D.added24.A.hesitated B.believed C.cheered D.warned25.A.forgot B.decided C.failed D.offered26.A.calmed B.slowed C.sat D.lay27.A.reading B.writing C.smiling D.talking28.A.frustrated B.stressed C.satisfied D.surprised29.A.promised B.requested C.questioned D.nodded30.A.set B.enjoyed C.kept D.shared31.A.pretended B.wondered C.realized D.insisted32.A.drove B.hurried C.called D.pointed33.A.Disappointed B.Annoyed C.Excited D.Relieved34.A.possess B.adapt C.identify D.adopt35.A.help B.contain C.accustom D.describe【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.C27.A28.D29.D30.B31.C32.B33.A34.D35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Tommy在動(dòng)物收容所遇到一只名叫Teddy的狗，通過(guò)給Teddy讀書，Tommy不僅提高了閱讀能力，還與Teddy建立了深厚的友誼。最終，Tommy的父親決定收養(yǎng)Teddy，讓Tommy和Teddy能夠一直在一起?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“如果你想?yún)⒓樱@里有一張傳單?！彼f(shuō)。A.improve改善；B.join參加；C.develop發(fā)展；D.remain保持。根據(jù)后文“hereisaflyer(傳單)”以及下段內(nèi)容可知，MsThompson是在邀請(qǐng)學(xué)生們參加活動(dòng)，所以此處表示參加。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Tommy一直想要一只狗，所以他趕緊拿了一張傳單。A.enjoy享受；B.admire欽佩；C.take拿；D.spot發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)前文“Ifyou’dliketo________,hereisaflyer(傳單),”shesaid.”可知，傳單是提供給學(xué)生的，Tommy想要參加，所以是拿了一張傳單。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后MsThompson補(bǔ)充道：“我們將給狗狗們讀書?！盇.scolded責(zé)罵；B.recalled回憶；C.refused拒絕；D.added補(bǔ)充。根據(jù)前文MsThompson已經(jīng)說(shuō)了一部分內(nèi)容“Beforeschoolended,MsThompsonmadeanannouncementtotheclass.“ThisSunday,wewillmeetthedogsattheanimalshelter.”可知，此處是進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明活動(dòng)的具體內(nèi)容。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Tommy猶豫了，因?yàn)殚喿x對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)很難。A.hesitated猶豫；B.believed相信；C.cheered歡呼；D.warned警告。根據(jù)后文“readingwashardforhim”可知，閱讀對(duì)Tommy來(lái)說(shuō)很難，所以他對(duì)于是否參加活動(dòng)感到猶豫。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，他真的很喜歡狗，所以他決定試一試。A.forgot忘記；B.decided決定；C.failed失敗；D.offered提供。根據(jù)前文“hewasreallyintodogs”可知，Tommy很喜歡狗，所以盡管閱讀對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)很難，他還是決定試一試。故選B項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Tommy抱著Teddy坐到椅子上。A.calmed平靜；B.slowed減慢；C.sat坐；D.lay躺。根據(jù)后文“WithTeddysettlingontohislap,Tommystarted________.”可知，Teddy坐在Tommy的腿上，所以Tommy是坐在椅子上。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Teddy坐在他的腿上，Tommy開始讀書。A.reading閱讀；B.writing寫作；C.smiling微笑；D.talking談話。根據(jù)前文““Wewillbereadingtothedogs.””可知，活動(dòng)的目的是給狗狗們讀書，所以Tommy開始讀書。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Tommy拍著Teddy的背，驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)Teddy在聽。A.frustrated沮喪的；B.stressed有壓力的；C.satisfied滿意的；D.surprised驚訝的。根據(jù)后文“tofindTeddywaslistening”可知，Tommy發(fā)現(xiàn)Teddy在聽他讀書，這讓他感到驚訝。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：爸爸點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭說(shuō)：“我很高興你們倆是好朋友?！盇.promised承諾；B.requested請(qǐng)求；C.questioned詢問(wèn)；D.nodded點(diǎn)頭。根據(jù)后文“Iamgladyoutwoarebuddies”可知，這是爸爸對(duì)Tommy說(shuō)的話，表示點(diǎn)頭同意或回應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那天，Tommy讀書時(shí)，Teddy坐在他的腿上，他們享受著彼此的陪伴。A.set設(shè)置；B.enjoyed享受；C.kept保持；D.shared分享。根據(jù)前文“Allweek,TommywaitedforSunday.Ontheday,TommyreadwhileTeddysatonhislap”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，Tommy和Teddy在一起時(shí)感到快樂(lè)，所以享受彼此的陪伴。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，Tommy意識(shí)到有Teddy在身邊，閱讀似乎更容易了。A.pretended假裝；B.wondered想知道；C.realized意識(shí)到；D.insisted堅(jiān)持。根據(jù)后文“readingseemedeasierwithTeddyaround”可知，這是Tommy逐漸意識(shí)到的事情。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：又一個(gè)周日到了，Tommy匆忙趕到收容所，但到處都找不到Teddy。A.drove駕駛；B.hurried匆忙；C.called打電話；D.pointed指向。根據(jù)前文“Allweek,TommywaitedforSunday”可知，Tommy非常期待周日與Teddy見面，所以他會(huì)匆忙趕到收容所。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他很失望，朝家走去。A.Disappointed失望的；B.Annoyed惱怒的；C.Excited興奮的；D.Relieved釋然的。根據(jù)前文“AnotherSundaycame,Tommy_______totheshelter,butTeddywasnowheretobefound.”可知，Tommy沒有找到Teddy，所以感到失望。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：爸爸解釋說(shuō)：“我知道你很喜歡和Teddy在一起，所以我們決定收養(yǎng)它?！盇.possess擁有；B.adapt適應(yīng)；C.identify識(shí)別；D.adopt收養(yǎng)。根據(jù)后文“Dadexplained.Unableto________himself,Tommyjumpedtohisfeet,hisexcitedscreamsechoing(回響)inthehouse.”和整個(gè)故事背景可知，爸爸決定收養(yǎng)Teddy。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Tommy無(wú)法控制自己，跳了起來(lái)，興奮的尖叫聲在房子里回蕩。A.help幫助；B.contain控制；C.accustom使習(xí)慣；D.describe描述。根據(jù)后文“Tommyjumpedtohisfeet,hisexcitedscreamsechoing(回響)inthehouse.”可知，Tommy非常興奮，以至于無(wú)法控制自己。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。BinglingTemple,locatedinYongjingCountyofLinxiaHuiAutonomousPrefectureinGansuProvince,isaworld-famousculturalandhistoricalsite.BinglingTempleisfamousfor____36____(it)collectionofBuddhistgrottoes(石窟),sculptures,andmurals(壁畫),whichhavebeencarvedintonaturalcavesalongtheYellowRiver.ThehistoryofBinglingTempledatesbackover1,600years____37____theWesternQinDynasty.Itwas____38____(original)named“TangshuGrotto”andwaslaterrenamed“BinglingTemple”duringtheMingDynasty.Thetempleincludes216numberedcaves,over800statues,andabout1,000squaremetersofmurals,____39____(influence)byChineseBuddhisttraditions.Oneofthemostsignificant____40____(feature)ofBinglingTempleisCave169,containingtheearliestinscription(碑文)inaChinesegrotto,____41____providesvaluableinsightsintothehistoryofBuddhisminChina.Thegrottoescontinuedtobeexpandedovermorethantendynasties,____42____(make)BinglingTempleatreasureofBuddhistartandculture.Inadditiontoitsculturalsignificance,BinglingTempleisalso____43____naturalattraction.VisitorscantakeaboattouralongtheYellowRiver____44____(reach)thetemple,enjoyingthebeautifulsceneryalongtheway.BinglingTemple____45____(include)ontheUNESCOWorldHeritageListin2014.Itisnowanational5A-leveltouristattraction,offeringvisitorsauniquemixofnaturalbeautyandculturalheritage.【答案】36.its37.to38.originally39.influenced40.features41.which42.making43.a44.toreach45.wasincluded【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了炳靈寺的地理位置、歷史淵源、主要特色、自然景觀以及其獲得的榮譽(yù)等信息?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意：炳靈寺以其佛教石窟、雕塑和壁畫收藏而聞名，這些都刻在黃河沿岸的天然洞穴中。空后為名詞collection，需要用形容詞性物主代詞來(lái)修飾，it的形容詞性物主代詞是its，符合語(yǔ)境。故填its?！?7題詳析】考查介詞。句意：炳靈寺的歷史可以追溯到1600多年前的西秦時(shí)期。“datebackto”是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“追溯到”，符合語(yǔ)境。故填to?！?8題詳析】考查副詞。句意：它最初名為“唐述窟”，明代時(shí)更名為“炳靈寺”。此處修飾動(dòng)詞named，需要用副詞形式作狀語(yǔ)，original的副詞是originally，符合語(yǔ)境。故填originally。【39題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：該寺有編號(hào)洞窟216個(gè)，雕像800余尊，壁畫約1000平方米，受中國(guó)佛教傳統(tǒng)影響。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞includes，空處需填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，前面提到的“caves,statues,andmurals”與influence之間是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞形式作后置定語(yǔ)。故填influenced?！?0題詳析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：炳靈寺最重要的特色之一是169窟，里面有中國(guó)石窟中最早的碑文，這為了解中國(guó)佛教歷史提供了寶貴的見解。“oneof+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“最……之一”，feature是可數(shù)名詞，所以此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式features，符合語(yǔ)境。故填features。【41題詳析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：炳靈寺最重要的特色之一是169窟，里面有中國(guó)石窟中最早的碑文，這為了解中國(guó)佛教歷史提供了寶貴的見解。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是“theearliestinscription”，指物，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which?！?2題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：這些石窟在十多個(gè)朝代不斷擴(kuò)建，使炳靈寺成為佛教藝術(shù)和文化的瑰寶。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞continued，空處需填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，該空后內(nèi)容是前句造成的自然而然的結(jié)果，make用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。故填making。【43題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：除了其文化意義外，炳靈寺也是一個(gè)自然景點(diǎn)。attraction是可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指“一個(gè)自然景點(diǎn)”，且natural發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，所以用不定冠詞a，符合語(yǔ)境。故填a?！?4題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：游客可以乘船沿黃河游覽到達(dá)寺廟，欣賞沿途的美景。此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明乘船游覽的目的是到達(dá)寺廟。故填toreach?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：炳靈寺于2014年被列入聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)名錄。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“in2014”可知，此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)“BinglingTemple”與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“include”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用was。故填wasincluded。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)筆友Chris來(lái)信詢問(wèn)你的暑假計(jì)劃與安排。請(qǐng)你回一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.計(jì)劃與安排；2.簡(jiǎn)述理由。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearChris,Thanksforyourletter.I’mexcitedtosharemysummervacationplanswithyou.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I’mreallylookingforwardtoafulfillingsummervacation.Bestregards,LiHua【答案】DearChris,Thanksforyourletter.I’mexcitedtosharemysummervacationplanswithyou.Iplantospendthefirsttwoweekstravelingwithmyfamily.We’rethinkingofgoingtoYunnan,whichisfamousforitsbeautifulnatureandrichculture.Duringthemiddleofthevacation,IwanttoreadsomeclassicbookstobroadenmyknowledgeandalsopracticemyEnglishbywatchingmoviesandreadingarticles.Inthelastfewweeks,Iplantojoinalocalsportsclub.Ilovebasketballandswimming.It’simportanttostayactiveandhealthyduringthebreak.I’mreallylookingforwardtoafulfillingsummervacation