2025年護(hù)士執(zhí)業(yè)資格考試題庫（內(nèi)科護(hù)理學(xué)專項(xiàng)）——護(hù)理專業(yè)英語試題考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分閱讀理解Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsbasedontheinformationprovided.Mr.Zhang,a68-year-oldmalepatient,wasadmittedtothehospitalwithadiagnosisofCongestiveHeartFailure(CHF)exacerbation.HismedicalhistoryincludesHypertension,Type2DiabetesMellitus,andCoronaryArteryDisease.HeiscurrentlyprescribedFurosemide40mgIVbid,Lisinopril10mgPOdaily,Metoprololsuccinate50mgPObid,andInsulinglargine10unitsSCdaily.ThenursenotesthatMr.Zhangiscomplainingofshortnessofbreathatrestandisslightlyedematousaroundtheankles.Hisvitalsignsare:BloodPressure138/82mmHg,HeartRate92bpm,RespiratoryRate22/min,andOxygenSaturation88%onroomair.Thephysicianorders:"Monitorvitalsignsandoxygensaturationevery4hours.Continuediureticasordered.Monitorintakeandoutputclosely.Checkfeetforsignsofedemaandcirculatoryproblemseveryshift.Educatepatientonlow-sodiumdietandfluidrestriction."1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmedicationsisprimarilyusedtotreatMr.Zhang'shypertension?2.WhatspecificsymptomindicatesthatMr.Zhang'sheartfailuremaybeworsening?3.Thephysician'sorderto"Monitorfeetforsignsofedemaandcirculatoryproblemseveryshift"ismostconcernedwithwhichpotentialcomplicationofCHF?4.Basedontheprovidedinformation,whatisthelikelydailyfluidrestrictionforMr.Zhang,assumingtheorderreferstototaldailyintake?5.WhatactionshouldthenursetakeimmediatelyifMr.Zhang'soxygensaturationdropsbelow85%?第二部分專業(yè)術(shù)語翻譯TranslatethefollowingnursingterminologyfromEnglishtoChineseandChinesetoEnglish.*EnglishtoChinese:1.Hypotension2.Oxygensaturation3.Cardiopulmonaryresuscitation(CPR)4.Medicationadministrationrecord(MAR)5.Non-invasivepositivepressureventilation(NIPPV)*ChinesetoEnglish:1.生命體征2.靜脈輸液3.心電監(jiān)護(hù)4.健康教育5.護(hù)理評(píng)估第三部分溝通與指令理解Readthescenarioandanswerthequestions.ThenurseneedstoexplainthemedicationLisinopriltoanelderlyfemalepatient,Mrs.Lee,whorecentlystartedtakingitforherhypertension.Shesays,"Thismedicinewillhelploweryourbloodpressuregradually.It'sveryimportanttotakeiteverydayatthesametime,evenifyoufeelwell.Pleasedon'tstoptakingitsuddenlywithoutaskingyourdoctor.Letmeknowifyouhaveanycoughordizziness."6.Whatisthemainpurposeofthenurse'sexplanationregardingthetimingofLisinopriladministration?7.Accordingtothenurse'sexplanation,whatpotentialsideeffectofLisinoprilshouldMrs.Leereporttothenurseordoctor?8.Thephrase"evenifyoufeelwell"inthenurse'sexplanationaddresseswhichimportantaspectofmedicationadherenceforchronicconditions?第四部分案例分析A72-year-oldmalepatientwithChronicObstructivePulmonaryDisease(COPD)isexperiencinganacuteexacerbation.Heisshortofbreath,wheezing,andhasaproductivecoughwiththick,purulentsputum.Thenurseassesseshisrespiratorystatusandnotesuseofaccessorymuscles,decreasedairentryintherightlowerlobe,andanincreasedrespiratoryrateof28breathsperminute.Thephysicianorders:"Albuterol2puffsviaMDIwithspacerevery4hoursasneededfordyspnea.-ipratropiumbromide2puffsviaMDIwithspacerevery4hoursasneeded.Monitorrespiratorystatusclosely.Administeroralprednisone40mgdaily."9.Basedonthenurse'sassessmentfindings,whichlungareaappearstobemostaffected?10.Whatisthelikelypurposeofusingaspacerdevicewiththeinhaledmedications(AlbuterolandIpratropiumbromide)?11.Theorderfor"oralprednisone40mgdaily"indicateswhichtypeoftherapybeingusedtomanagetheexacerbation?12.Ifthepatient'sconditionworsensdespitereceivingtheinhaledmedications,whatadditionalinterventionmightthenurseexpecttobeordered?13.ThenurseiseducatingthepatientontheuseoftheMDIwithspacer.Whichinstructionismostimportantforthepatienttoremembertoensureeffectivemedicationdelivery?試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解1.Lisinopril*解析：根據(jù)文中“HismedicalhistoryincludesHypertension...HeiscurrentlyprescribedLisinopril10mgPOdaily.”可知，Lisinopril是用于治療高血壓的藥物。2.Shortnessofbreathatrest*解析：根據(jù)文中“Mr.Zhangiscomplainingofshortnessofbreathatrest...”可知，休息時(shí)呼吸困難是張先生報(bào)告的癥狀，且護(hù)士注意到此癥狀，表明其可能加重。3.Circulatoryproblems(orpoorcirculation)*解析：根據(jù)醫(yī)師醫(yī)囑“Checkfeetforsignsofedemaandcirculatoryproblemseveryshift”以及CHF的病理生理，心衰可能導(dǎo)致外周循環(huán)不良，檢查足部是為了及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)如足部潰瘍、壞疽等循環(huán)障礙相關(guān)并發(fā)癥。4.Restricted(specificamountnotexplicitlystated,butimpliedbylow-sodiumdietandmonitoringI&O)*解析：醫(yī)師醫(yī)囑要求“Educatepatientonlow-sodiumdietandfluidrestriction”，結(jié)合心衰患者需要限制液體入量的常規(guī)護(hù)理知識(shí)，可以推斷患者需要限制每日總液體攝入量。具體限制量未在文中明確給出，但低鈉飲食和監(jiān)測(cè)出入量暗示了液體限制。5.Administersupplementaloxygen*解析：根據(jù)文中“Mr.Zhang'soxygensaturationis88%onroomair”以及醫(yī)師醫(yī)囑“Monitorvitalsignsandoxygensaturationevery4hours”，當(dāng)血氧飽和度低于正常范圍（如85%或90%，此處低于88%已顯示不足），護(hù)士應(yīng)首先考慮給予氧氣補(bǔ)充以提高血氧飽和度。第二部分專業(yè)術(shù)語翻譯*EnglishtoChinese:1.低血壓2.血氧飽和度3.心肺復(fù)蘇4.藥品管理局記錄5.無創(chuàng)正壓通氣*ChinesetoEnglish:1.Vitalsigns2.Intravenousinfusion3.ECGmonitoring(orcardiacmonitoring)4.Healtheducation5.Nursingassessment第三部分溝通與指令理解6.Toensurethemedicationworkseffectivelyovertimebymaintainingconsistentbloodlevels.*解析：護(hù)士解釋說“會(huì)幫助逐漸降低您的血壓”，并強(qiáng)調(diào)“每天在同一時(shí)間服用，即使您感覺良好”，這表明按時(shí)服藥是為了維持穩(wěn)定的藥物濃度，確保藥物長期有效控制血壓。7.Cough*解析：護(hù)士在解釋Lisinopril可能的不良反應(yīng)時(shí)明確提到“如果出現(xiàn)咳嗽或頭暈，請(qǐng)告知醫(yī)生或護(hù)士”，因此咳嗽是告知護(hù)士或醫(yī)生的重要副作用。8.Theimportanceofadherencedespitefeelingasymptomatic.*解析：護(hù)士說“即使您感覺良好”也需要每天服藥，這強(qiáng)調(diào)了對(duì)于慢性?。ㄈ绺哐獕海┑拈L期治療，即使沒有癥狀，遵醫(yī)囑服藥也同樣重要。第四部分案例分析9.Rightlowerlobe*解析：根據(jù)護(hù)士的評(píng)估記錄“decreasedairentryintherightlowerlobe”，提示右下肺區(qū)的通氣減少，結(jié)合患者癥狀“productivecoughwiththick,purulentsputum”，最可能受影響的區(qū)域是右下肺葉。10.Toimprovemedicationdeliverytothelungsbyreducingtheamountofmedicationabsorbedbythemouthandthroatandbymakingiteasierforthepatienttoinhalethemedicationdeeply.*解析：MDI（定量吸入器）與Spacer（儲(chǔ)霧器）聯(lián)用，主要目的是幫助患者更有效地將吸入藥物送入肺部。Spacer可以減少藥物沉積在口咽部，并提供一個(gè)緩沖空間，使患者能更平穩(wěn)、深長地吸氣，從而提高肺部藥物沉積量。11.Corticosteroid(oranti-inflammatory)therapy*解析：Prednisone是一種糖皮質(zhì)激素（皮質(zhì)類固醇），屬于抗炎藥物。在COPD急性加重期，口服糖皮質(zhì)激素是常用的治療手段之一，用于減輕炎癥反應(yīng)