選修6第四單元綜合練習(xí)ACaliforniaCondor’sShockingRecoveryCaliforniacondorsareNorthAmerica’slargestbirds,withwindlengthofupto3meters.Inthe1980s,electricallinesandleadpoisoning(鉛中毒)nearlydrovethemtodyingout.Now,electricshocktrainingandmedicaltreatmentarehelpingtorescuethesebigbirds.Inthelate1980s,thelastfewcondorsweretakenfromthewild,andtherearenowmorethan150flyingoverCaliforniaandnearbyArizona,UtahandBajainMexico.Electricallineshavebeenkillingthemoff.“Astheygointorestforthenight,theyjustdon’tseethepowerlines,”saysBruceRideoutofSanDiegoZoo.Theirwingscanbridgethegapbetweenlines,resultinginelectrocution(電死)iftheytouchtwolinesatonce.Soscientistshaveeupwithashockingidea.Tallpoles,placedinlargetrainingareas,teachthebirdstostayclearofelectricallinesbygivingthemapainfulbutundeadlyelectricshock.Beforethetrainingwasintroduced,66%ofsetfreedcondorsdiedofelectrocution.Thishasnowdroppedto18%.Leadpoisonoushasprovedmoredifficulttodealwith.Whencondorseatdeadbodiesofotheranimalscontaininglead,theyabsorblargequantitiesoflead.Thisaffectstheirnervoussystemsandabilitytoproducebabybirds,andcanleadtokidney(腎)failuresanddeath.SocondorswithhighlevelsofleadaresenttoLosAngelesZoo,wheretheyaretreatedwithcalciumEDTA,achemicalthatremovesleadfromthebloodoverseveraldays.Thisworkisstartingtopayoff.Theannualdeathrateforadultcondorshasdroppedfrom38%in2000to5.4%in2011.Rideout’steamthinksthattheCaliforniacondors’averagesurvivaltimeinthewildisnowjustundereightyears.“Althoughthesemeasuresarenoteffectiveforever,theyarevitalfornow,”hesays.“Theyaretrulygoodbirdsthatarewortheveryeffortweputintorecoveringthem.”1.Californiacondorsattractresearchers’interestbecausethey______.A.areactiveatnightB.hadtobebredinthewildC.arefoundoninCaliforniaD.almostdiedoutinthe1980s2.Researchershavefoundelectricallinesare_________.A.blockingcondors’journeyhomeB.bigkillersofCaliforniacondorsC.restplacesforcondorsatnightD.usedtokeepcondorsaway3.AccordingtoParagraph5,leadpoisoning_________.A.makescondorstoonervoustoflyB.haslittleeffectoncondors’kidneysC.canhardlybegottenridofformcondors’bloodD.makesitdifferentforcondorstoproducebabybirds4.Thepassageshowsthat__________.A.theaveragesurvivaltimeofcondorsissatisfactory.B.Rideout’sresearchinterestliesinelectricengineering.C.theeffortstoprotectcondorshavebroughtgoodresults.D.researchershavefoundthefinalanswerstotheproblem.BFoodfestivalsaroundtheworldStiltonCheeseRollingMayDayisatraditionaldayforcelebrations,butthe2,000EnglishvillagersofStiltonmustbetheonlypeopleintheworldwhoincludetheserollingintheirannualplans.Teamsoffour,dressedinavarietyofstrangeandfunnyclothes,rollapletecheesealonga50metrecourse.Ontheway,theymustnotkickorthrowtheircheese,orgointotheirpetitors'lane.petitionisfierceandthechiefprizeisapleteStiltoncheeseweighingaboutfourkilos(disappointingly,butunderstandablythecheesesusedintheracearewoodenones).Allthepetitorsarcservedwithbeerorportwine,thetraditionalacpanimentforStiltoncheese.FieryFoodsFestival—TheHottestFestivalonEarthEveryyearmorethan10,000peopleheadforthecityofAlbuquerque,NewMexico.TheyefromasfarawayasAustralia,theCaribbeanandChina,buttheyallshareamonaddiction—foodthatisnotjustspicy,buthotenoughtomakeyourmouthburn,yourheadspinandyoureyeswater.TheirdestinationistheFieryEoodandBBQFestivalwhichisheldoveraperiodofthreeclayseveryMarch.Youmightliketotryachocolatecoveredhabaneropepper—officiallythehottestpepperintheworld—oranyoneofthethousandsofproductsthatareonshow.Butonething'sforsure—ifyoudon'tlikethefeelingofaburningtongue,thisfestivalisn'tforyou!LaTomatina—TheWorld'sBiggestFoodFightOnthelastWednesdayofeveryAugust,theSpanishtownofBunolhostsEaTomatina—theworld'slargestfoodfight.Aweeklongcelebrationleadsuptoanexcitingtomatobattleasthehighlightoftheweek'sevents.Theearlymorningseesthearrivaloflargetruckswithtomatoes—officialfightstartersgetthingsgoingbycastingtomatoesatthecrowd.Thebattlelastslittlemorethanhalfanhour,inwhichtimearound50,000kilogramsoftomatoeshavebeenthrownatanyoneoranythingthatmoves,runs,orfightsback.Theneveryoneheadsdowntotherivertomakefriendsagain—andforamuchneededwash!5.IntheStiltoncheeserollingpetition,petitorsoneachteammust____.A.wearvariousformalclothesB.rollawoodencheeseintheirownlaneC.kickorthrowtheircheeseD.usearealcheeseweighingaboutfourkilos6.WhereistheFieryFoodandBBQFestivalheld?A.InNewMexico.B.IntheCaribbean.C.InAustralia.D.InChina.7.ThecelebrationofLaTomatinalasts____________.A.threedaysB.sevendaysC.lessthanthreedaysD.morethansevendays8.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.ThechiefprizefortheStiltoncheeserollingpetitionisbeerorportwine.B.Morethan10,000ChinesetakepailintheFieryFoodandBBQFestival.C.ThousandsofspicyfoodsareonshowintheFieryFoodandBBQFestival.D.AnexcitingtomatobattletakesplaceatthebeginningofLaTomatina.COurwarmingplanetisexpectedtofaceseriouswatercrisis（危機(jī)）intheingdecades—whichmeanseachnation’snaturalresourcewillbemoreimportantthanever.9.Accordingtothestatistics,whatistheworldaverageoffreshwaterresourceperperson?10.Which3cubickilometers

B．241cubickilometers

C．3,642cubickilometers

D．6,122cubickilometers

10.Whichcountryorregionhasthemostfreshwaterresourceperyear?11.Which

B．Brazil

C．Iceland

D．China

11.Whichcountryorregionappearstwiceonthetop5lists?A．Bhutan

B．Seychelles

C．Canada

D．Suriname

DSincethefirstEarthDayin1970,Americanshavegottenalot“greener”towardtheenvironment.“Wedidn’tknowatthattimethatthereevenwasanenvironment,letalonethattherewasaproblemwithit,”saysBruceAnderson,presidentofEarthDayUSA.Butwhatbeganasnothingimportantinpublicaffairshasgrownintoasocialmovement.Businesspeople,politicalleaders,universityprofessors,andespeciallymillionsofgrassrootsAmericansaretakingpartinthemovement.“Theunderstandinghasincreasedmany,manytimes,”saysGaylordNelson,theformergovernorfromWisconsin,whothoughtupthefirstEarthDay.AccordingtoUSgovernmentreports,emissions(排放)fromcarsandtruckshavedroppedfrom10.3milliontonsayearto5.5tons.ThenumberofcitiesproducingCObeyondthestandardhasbeenreducedfrom40to9.Althoughseriousproblemsstillremainandneedtobedealtwith,theworldisasaferandhealthierplace.Akindof“Greenthinking”hasbeepartofpractices.Greatimprovementhasbeenachieved.In1988therewereonly600recyclingprograms;todayin1995thereareabout6,600.Advancedlights,motors,andbuildingdesignshavehelpedsavealotofenergyandthereforepreventedpollution.Twenty–fiveyearsago,therewerehardlyanyeducationprogramsforenvironment.Today,it’shardtofindapublicschool,university,orlawschoolthatdoesnothavesuchakindofprogram.”Untilwedothat,nothingelsewillchange!”sayBruceAnderson.12.AccordingtoAnderson,before1970,Americanshadlittleideaabout________.A.thesocialmovementB.recyclingtechniquesC.environmentalproblemsD.theimportanceofEarthDay13.Wheredoesthesupportforenvironmentalprotectionmainlyefrom?A.Thegrass–rootslevelB.ThebusinesscircleC.GovernmentofficialsD.Universityprofessors14.WhathaveAmericansachievedinenvironmentalprotection?A.TheyhavecutcaremissionstothelowestB.TheyhavesettledtheirenvironmentalproblemsC.TheyhaveloweredtheirCOlevelsinfortycities.D.Theyhavereducedpollutionthrougheffectivemeasures.15.Whatisespeciallyimportantforenvironmentalprotectionaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.EducationB.PlanningC.GreenlivingD.COreduction七選五TheScienceofRiskSeekingSometimesWedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtaking.16Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.Why?Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork.Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksatallmighthavetodowithearlyhumans.Risktakerswerebetterathunting,fighting,orexploring.17Asthequalityofrisktakingwaspassedfromongenerationtothenext,humansendedupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.Sowhyaren’twealljumpingoutofairplanesthen?Well,even200,000yearsago,toomuchrisktakingcouldgetoneKilled.Afewdaringsurvived,though,alongwithafewstayinthecavetypes.Asaresult,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexiststoday.Somaybeyoulovecarracing,ormaybeyouhateit.18Nomatterwhereyouareontheriskseekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.19Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.20Fortheriskseekersapartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebeesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbeesactive.Asexpertscontinuetostudythescienceofriskseeking,we’llcontinuetohitthemountains,thewavesortheshallowendofthepool.A.Italldependsonyourcharacter.B.Thosearetherisksyoushouldjumptotake.C.Beingbetteratthosethingsmeantagreaterchanceofsurvival.D.Thus,thesewellequippedpeoplesurvivedbecausetheywerethefittest.E.Thisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworld.F.However,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewards.G.Newbrainresearchsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervoussituation.完型填空“DailyStar,sir”calledJason,carryingsomenewspapersunderhisarm.Thelittleboyhadbeenrunningupanddownthestreet,buttherewerestilltwenty21left.Hisvoicewasalmostgoneandhisheartwas22.Theshopswouldsoonclose,andallthepeoplewouldgohome.Hewouldhavetogohometoo,carryingthepapers23money.Hehadhopedtosellmorepaperstonighttomakemoremoneytobuya24forhismotherandsomeseedsforhisbird.Thatwaswhyhehadboughtthepaperswithallhismoney.He25ashethoughtofhisfailuretosellallhispapers.“Youdon’tknowthe26ofsellingpapers.Youmustshout,“Hotnews!Bombbursting!”anothernewsboyChadtoldJason.“27it’snotinthepaperatall,”repliedJason.“Justrunawayquickly28theyhavetimetosee,andyou’ll29outandgetyourmoney,”Chadsaid.Itwasanew30toJason.Hethoughtofhisbirdwithno31andthecakehewantedtobuyforhismother,butwas32thathewouldnottellalie.Thoughhewas33apoornewsboy,hehadbeen34ThenextafternoonJasonwenttotheofficeforhispapers35.SeveralboyswerecrowdingaroundChad,whodeclaredwitha36smilethathesoldsixdozenthedaybefore.HeaddedthatJason37moneybecausehewouldnottellalie.Theboy38atJason.“Youwouldn’ttellalieyesterday,myboy?”AgentlemanattheofficecameupandpattedJason’sshoulder39.”You’rejusttheboyIamlookingfor.”AweeklaterJasonstartedhisnew40.Helostsaleoftwentypapersbecausehewouldnottellalie,butgotawellpaidjobbecausehetoldthetruth.21.A.shopsB.coinsC.peopleD.papers22.A.openB.heavyC.pureD.weak23.A.insteadofB.inreturnforC.regardlessofD.inexchangefor24.A.cupB.cardC.bD.cake25.A.gaveinB.brokedownC.gotawayD.showedup26.A.difficultyB.processC.goalD.secret27.A.AndB.ButC.ForD.So28.A.beforeB.sinceC.thoughD.unless29.A.callB.dropC.sellD.reach30.A.editionB.ideaC.policyD.task31.A.breadB.insectsC.seedsD.water32.A.concernedB.amazedC.excitedD.determined33.A.stillB.alreadyC.justD.also34.A.taughtB.handedC.awardedD.allowed35.A.atonceB.bychanceC.asusualD.onpurpose36.A.proudB.gentleC.warmD.polite37.A.borrowedB.lostC.madeD.saved38.A.laughedB.shoutedC.noddedD.started39.A.bravelyB.gratefulC.fondlyD.modestly40.A.dutyB.businessC.jobD.method語法填空Nowa