2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解詞匯記憶技巧深度解析試卷，掌握核心詞匯考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestions.Choosethebestanswer(A,B,C,D)foreachquestion.Markyouransweronyouranswersheet.PassageOneTheriseofthedigitaleconomyhasfundamentallyalteredthelandscapeoftraditionalindustries,presentingbothunprecedentedchallengesandopportunities.Forcompaniesoperatinginsectorslongreliantonphysicalgoodsandbrick-and-mortarlocations,theshiftonlinedemandsareevaluationofcorestrategies.Thosethatfailtoadaptriskobsolescence,whileearlyinnovatorscancarveoutsignificantcompetitiveadvantages.Thistransformationisnotmerelyaboutestablishinganonlinepresence;itinvolvesacomprehensiveoverhaulofoperations,customerengagement,andevencorporateculture.Thespeedoftechnologicaladvancementensuresthatthemarketforagilityandresponsivenesswillonlyintensify,potentiallyrenderinglegacybusinessmodelsobsoletewithinafewshortyears.Adaptingtothedigitalparadigmoftennecessitatesaculturalshiftwithinorganizations.Employeesaccustomedtotraditionalworkflowsmustbeequippedwithnewdigitalliteracyskills.Thisincludesproficiencyindataanalysis,understandingofe-commerceplatforms,andtheabilitytoengagewithcustomersthroughvariousonlinechannels.Companiesthatinvestinrobusttrainingprogramsandfosteracultureofcontinuouslearningaremorelikelytonavigatethetransitionsmoothly.Moreover,leadershipmustchampionthischange,demonstratingaclearvisionforhowdigitalintegrationcanenhanceefficiencyandcustomervalue,ratherthanviewingitsolelyasanoperationalburden.Theimplicationsofthisdigitaltransitionextendbeyondindividualcompaniestothebroadereconomicstructure.Entiresupplychainsarebeingreimagined,withgreateremphasisonlogisticsoptimizationandtheintegrationofdigitaltoolsfortrackingandmanagement.Newbusinessmodelsareemerging,suchassubscriptionservicesandthesharingeconomy,whichleveragedigitalplatformstooffergoodsandservicesinnovelways.Whilethesechangespromiseincreasedefficiencyandconsumerchoice,theyalsoraiseconcernsaboutjobdisplacementintraditionalsectorsandthedigitaldividethatmayfurtherexacerbateexistinginequalities.Policymakersmustthereforeconsiderhowtosupportworkersdisplacedbytheshiftandensurethatthebenefitsofthedigitaleconomyarewidelyshared.Questions:1.Theword"fundamentally"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.superficiallyB.graduallyC.essentiallyD.superficially2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisakeyfactorforcompaniestosucceedinthedigitaleconomy?A.Maintainingtheirtraditionalbusinessmodel.B.Focusingsolelyontechnologicalinnovation.C.Investinginemployeedigitalliteracyandculturaladaptation.D.Avoidingonlinechannelsduetotheircomplexity.3.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheimpactofdigitalintegrationoncompanies?A.Itprimarilybenefitslargecorporationsattheexpenseofsmallbusinesses.B.Itnecessitatesashiftincorporateculturetowardsagilityandlearning.C.Itisastraightforwardprocessthatrequiresminimalchangestooperations.D.Itguaranteesimmediateprofitabilitywithoutsignificanteffort.4.Thepassagementions"subscriptionservicesandthesharingeconomy"asexamplesof:A.challengesfacedbytraditionalindustries.B.newbusinessmodelsenabledbydigitalplatforms.C.methodsforreducingsupplychaincosts.D.reasonsforjobdisplacementintraditionalsectors.5.Whatisthemainconcernraisedaboutthedigitaleconomyinthefinalparagraph?A.Itleadstoadecreaseinconsumerchoiceandproductvariety.B.Itcreatesexcessiveoperationalburdensforcompanies.C.Itmaywidensocialinequalitiesandcausejoblosses.D.Ithindersthedevelopmentofnewtechnologicalskills.PassageTwoTheconceptof"well-being"hasevolvedsignificantlyoverthepastfewdecades,movingbeyondasimplisticfocusontheabsenceofillnesstoencompassabroaderspectrumofhumanflourishing.Contemporaryresearchinpsychologyandrelatedfieldsincreasinglyemphasizesaholisticmodelofwell-being,oftenhighlightingmultipledimensionssuchasemotional,psychological,social,andevenphysicalhealth.Thisshiftreflectsagrowingrecognitionthattruewell-beingisacomplex,multi-facetedstatethatcannotbefullycapturedbytraditionalmeasuresofsuccess,likeincomeoroccupationalstatus.Centraltothismodernunderstandingofwell-beingistherecognitionoftheimportanceofemotionalresilienceandpsychologicalcapital.Theabilitytomanagestress,maintainapositiveoutlookduringadversity,andcultivateasenseofpurposeiscrucialfornavigatingtheinherentchallengesoflife.Interventionsaimedatfosteringthesequalities,suchasmindfulnesspracticesandcognitive-behavioraltherapy,aregainingtractionaseffectivetoolsforenhancingwell-being.Furthermore,strongsocialconnectionsandasupportivecommunitynetworkareconsistentlyidentifiedascriticalfactorscontributingtoasenseoffulfillmentandhappiness.However,thepursuitofwell-beingisnotwithoutitscomplexitiesandpotentialparadoxes.Theverydrivetoenhancewell-being,sometimesfueledbysocietalpressuresandthecuratedrepresentationsofideallifestylesonsocialmedia,canparadoxicallyleadtoincreasedanxietyandfeelingsofinadequacy.Theconceptof"comparison"playsasignificantrolehere,asindividualsmaymeasuretheirownwell-beingagainstoftenunrealisticbenchmarks,leadingtodissatisfactionratherthancontentment.Moreover,thedefinitionandprioritizationofwell-beingcanvarysignificantlyacrossdifferentculturesandindividuals,makinguniversalprescriptionsforwell-beingbothchallengingandpotentiallyproblematic.Questions:6.Thephrase"holisticmodel"inthefirstparagraphisbestunderstoodas:A.alimitedviewfocusingonlyonphysicalhealth.B.acomprehensiveapproachconsideringmultipleaspects.C.atraditionalmethodemphasizingsimplicity.D.acontemporaryfocusignoringemotionalfactors.7.Whataspectofwell-beingishighlightedascrucialfornavigatinglife'schallengesaccordingtothepassage?A.Highincomeandprestigiousjobtitles.B.Emotionalresilienceandpsychologicalcapital.C.Physicalfitnessanddietaryhabits.D.Socialstatusandnetworksize.8.Accordingtothepassage,whatisapotentialdownsideofthepursuitofwell-beinginmodernsociety?A.Ituniversallyleadstoastateofcompletehappiness.B.Itoftenincreasesstressandanxietythroughsocialcomparison.C.Itbecomestoofocusedsolelyonphysicalhealth.D.Itisdifficulttomeasureusingtraditionalmetrics.9.Thepassagesuggeststhatculturaldifferencescanimpact:A.thetechnologicaladvancementofwell-beingresearch.B.thedefinitionandprioritizationofwell-being.C.theeffectivenessofmindfulnesspractices.D.theprevalenceofsocialmediausage.10.Whatisthecentralthemeofthepassage?A.Thedeclineoftraditionalmeasuresofsuccess.B.Thecomplexityandmultifacetednatureofwell-being.C.Thenegativeeffectsofsocialmediaonmentalhealth.D.Theimportanceofphysicalexerciseforoverallwell-being.PassageThreeCitieshavelongbeenenginesofinnovationandeconomicgrowth,attractingpeoplewiththepromiseofopportunityandahigherqualityoflife.However,rapidurbanization,particularlyindevelopingnations,isstrainingthecapacityofinfrastructureandservices,leadingtosignificantenvironmentalandsocialchallenges.Theconcentrationofpopulationinurbanareasplacesimmensepressureonhousing,transportation,energy,andwaterresources,oftenresultinginovercrowding,pollution,andinadequateaccesstobasicservicesforalargeportionoftheurbanpopulation.Addressingthesechallengesrequiresafundamentalshifttowardssustainableurbanplanninganddevelopmentpractices.Integratinggreenspaceswithincitylayouts,promotingrenewableenergysources,anddevelopingefficientpublictransportationsystemsarecriticalcomponentsofthisapproach.Smartcitytechnologies,leveragingdataanddigitalconnectivity,offerpromisingtoolsforoptimizingresourceuse,reducingwaste,andimprovingtheoverallefficiencyofurbanoperations.Forinstance,intelligenttrafficmanagementsystemscanalleviatecongestion,whilesensorsandmonitoringnetworkscanenhanceresourcemanagementandemergencyresponse.Furthermore,fosteringsocialequityisparamountinsustainableurbandevelopment.Ensuringaccesstoaffordablehousing,qualityeducation,healthcare,andemploymentopportunitiesforallresidents,regardlessoftheirsocio-economicbackground,isessentialforcreatingtrulyinclusivecities.Thisinvolvesnotonlyphysicalinfrastructuredevelopmentbutalsopoliciesthatpromotesocialinclusionandempowermarginalizedcommunities.Thesuccessofurbanregenerationprojectsoftenhingesontheactiveparticipationandempowermentoflocalresidents,ensuringthatdevelopmentinitiativesrespondtotheactualneedsandaspirationsofthecommunity.Theglobalnatureofurbanchallengesnecessitatesinternationalcooperationandknowledgesharing.Citiesaroundtheworldfacesimilarissues,frommanagingurbansprawltomitigatingtheimpactsofclimatechange.Collaborativeefforts,suchassharingbestpractices,transferringtechnology,andcoordinatingpolicies,cansignificantlyenhancetheeffectivenessofurbanplanningandmanagementstrategies.Bylearningfromtheexperiencesofothersandpoolingresources,citiescanacceleratethetransitiontowardsmoresustainable,resilient,andequitableurbanenvironmentsforthefuture.Questions:11.Whatprimaryissuedoesthepassageidentifyasaresultofrapidurbanization?A.Thecreationofnumerousjobopportunities.B.Anincreaseintheavailabilityofurbangreenspaces.C.Strainoninfrastructureandresources.D.Improvedaccesstohigh-qualityeducationforall.12.Accordingtothepassage,whatarekeyaspectsofsustainableurbanplanning?A.Expandingurbanboundariesandbuildingmoreskyscrapers.B.Integratinggreenspaces,promotingrenewableenergy,andefficienttransport.C.Prioritizingeconomicgrowthaboveallelse,evenifitcausespollution.D.Reducingcitypopulationthroughrestrictivepolicies.13.Thepassagesuggeststhatsmartcitytechnologiescancontributetourbandevelopmentby:A.completelyeliminatingtheneedforpublictransportation.B.optimizingresourceuseandimprovingoperationalefficiency.C.discouragingthegrowthofurbanpopulations.D.primarilyenhancingtheaestheticappearanceofcities.14.Whyissocialequityconsideredimportantinthecontextofsustainableurbandevelopmentmentionedinthepassage?A.Toensurethatonlywealthyresidentsbenefitfromurbanprojects.B.Toguaranteethatallresidentshaveaccesstoessentialservicesandopportunities.C.Tominimizegovernmentspendingonsocialprograms.D.Toprioritizethedevelopmentofcommercialareasoverresidentialones.15.Whatdoesthepassageimplyaboutthefutureofurbandevelopment?A.Citieswillinevitablybecomelesspopulatedduetoenvironmentalconcerns.B.Internationalcooperationandknowledgesharingwillbecrucialforaddressingglobalurbanchallenges.C.Technologicaladvancementwillrendertraditionalurbanplanningmethodsobsolete.D.Thefocuswillsolelyshiftfromenvironmentalsustainabilitytosocialequity.試卷答案PassageOne1.C解析思路：根據(jù)上下文，digitaleconomyhasfundamentallyalteredthelandscape，說明這種改變是根本性的、本質(zhì)性的。fundamentally意為“根本地，本質(zhì)上”，與C選項essentially（本質(zhì)上）意思最接近。A選項superficially（表面地）與文意相反。B選項gradually（逐漸地）和D選項superficially（表面地）都不符合文意。2.C解析思路：文章第二段明確指出，Adaptingtothedigitalparadigmoftennecessitatesaculturalshiftwithinorganizations...Employeesaccustomedtotraditionalworkflowsmustbeequippedwithnewdigitalliteracyskills...Companiesthatinvestinrobusttrainingprogramsandfosteracultureofcontinuouslearningaremorelikelytonavigatethetransitionsmoothly。這說明員工數(shù)字素養(yǎng)和文化適應(yīng)是公司成功的關(guān)鍵。A選項與文意相反。B選項過于片面。D選項與文意相反。3.B解析思路：文章第一段提到，Thistransformationisnotmerelyaboutestablishinganonlinepresence;itinvolvesacomprehensiveoverhaulofoperations,customerengagement,andevencorporateculture。第二段也提到，Adaptingtothedigitalparadigmoftennecessitatesaculturalshift...。這說明數(shù)字化整合要求公司進(jìn)行全面的改造，特別是文化層面的轉(zhuǎn)變。A選項與文意相反。C選項過于簡單化。D選項與文意相反。4.B解析思路：文章最后一段提到，Newbusinessmodelsareemerging,suchassubscriptionservicesandthesharingeconomy,whichleveragedigitalplatformstooffergoodsandservicesinnovelways。這說明訂閱服務(wù)和共享經(jīng)濟(jì)是數(shù)字平臺支持下出現(xiàn)的新商業(yè)模式。A選項與文意相反。C選項不是主要例子。D選項是這些新模式可能帶來的社會問題，不是例子本身。5.C解析思路：文章最后一段指出，whilethesechangespromiseincreasedefficiencyandconsumerchoice,theyalsoraiseconcernsaboutjobdisplacementintraditionalsectorsandthedigitaldividethatmayfurtherexacerbateexistinginequalities。這說明主要擔(dān)憂是傳統(tǒng)行業(yè)可能出現(xiàn)的失業(yè)和數(shù)字鴻溝可能加劇現(xiàn)有不平等。A選項不是主要concern。B選項是部分原因。D選項是潛在后果，不是主要concern。PassageTwo6.B解析思路：根據(jù)上下文，contemporaryresearchinpsychologyandrelatedfieldsincreasinglyemphasizesaholisticmodelofwell-being,oftenhighlightingmultipledimensions...Thisshiftreflectsagrowingrecognitionthattruewell-beingisacomplex,multi-facetedstate...。holisticmodel意為“整體模型”，指考慮到多個方面的綜合模式。B選項comprehensiveapproachconsideringmultipleaspects（綜合考慮多個方面的全面方法）與其意思最接近。A選項與文意相反。C選項與文意不符。D選項與文意不符。7.B解析思路：文章第二段提到，Centraltothismodernunderstandingofwell-beingistherecognitionoftheimportanceofemotionalresilienceandpsychologicalcapital...Theabilitytomanagestress,maintainapositiveoutlookduringadversity,andcultivateasenseofpurposeiscrucialfornavigatingtheinherentchallengesoflife。這說明情緒韌性psychologicalcapital（心理資本）對于應(yīng)對生活挑戰(zhàn)至關(guān)重要。A選項是傳統(tǒng)觀念。C選項是健康的一部分。D選項是重要因素，但不如B選項核心。8.B解析思路：文章第三段指出，Theverydrivetoenhancewell-being,sometimesfueledbysocietalpressuresandthecuratedrepresentationsofideallifestylesonsocialmedia,canparadoxicallyleadtoincreasedanxietyandfeelingsofinadequacy.Moreover,theconceptof"comparison"playsasignificantrolehere,asindividualsmaymeasuretheirownwell-beingagainstoftenunrealisticbenchmarks,leadingtodissatisfactionratherthancontentment。這說明追求幸福感有時會因社會壓力和社交媒體上理想生活方式的呈現(xiàn)而paradoxically（矛盾地）導(dǎo)致焦慮和不足感，主要原因是社會比較。A選項與文意相反。C選項是部分原因。D選項是追求的目標(biāo)。9.B解析思路：文章最后一句提到，F(xiàn)urthermore,thedefinitionandprioritizationofwell-beingcanvarysignificantlyacrossdifferentculturesandindividuals,makinguniversalprescriptionsforwell-beingbothchallengingandpotentiallyproblematic。這說明不同文化對幸福感的定義和優(yōu)先級可能存在顯著差異。A選項文中未提及。C選項文中未提及。D選項文中未提及。10.B解析思路：文章從第一段提出well-being概念的演變和整體模型，第二段討論emotionalresilience,psychologicalcapital,socialconnections等維度，第三段探討追求well-being的復(fù)雜性和paradoxes。全文圍繞well-being的復(fù)雜性、多方面性質(zhì)展開論述。A選項是背景信息。C選項是文中提到的一個現(xiàn)象。D選項是其中一個維度。B選項centraltheme（中心主題）最符合文意。PassageThree11.C解析思路：根據(jù)上下文，Citieshavelongbeenenginesofinnovation...However,rapidurbanization,particularlyind