2024-2025學(xué)年廣東省深圳市某校高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷一、單項(xiàng)選擇(★★★)1.Renewableenergyprojectsplayakeyroleinenvironmental______byreducingcarbonemissions.

A．conversationB．constructionC．conservationD．competition(★★)2.Thedemandfortraditionalcamerashas______,whilethesalesofsmartphoneshaveincreasedsignificantly.

A．disturbedB．declinedC．disposedD．declared(★★★)3.Thesystemuses______datatoupdatetrafficconditionsinrealtime,helpingdriversavoidcongestion(擁堵).

A．dynamicB．delicateC．preciseD．private(★)4.Duringthepandemic,medicalstaffworkedlonghoursto______patients.

A．belongtoB．a(chǎn)ttendtoC．leadtoD．referto(★★)5.Shehadto______thecompany’sjobofferbecausethesalarywastoolow.

A．turndownB．turnupC．turnonD．turnoff(★★★)6.Hardly______down,______hesteppedin.

A．hadIsat,thanB．Ihadsat,whenC．hadIsat,thenD．hadIsat,when(★★★)7.Notonly______tostayathome,buthewasalsoforbiddentoseehisfriends.

A．hewasforcingB．hewasforcedC．washeforcingD．washeforced(★★)8.Tom’sfatheraswellashismother________thathe______athome.

A．suggest;stayB．suggests;staysC．suggest;staysD．suggests;stay(★★★)9.Ifhemyadvice,hewouldn’thavelosthisjob.

A．followedB．shouldfollowC．hadfollowedD．wouldfollowed(★)10.IfonlyI________heradvicethatIbookanairticketinadvance.I________aslightchangeinschedulecouldhavesuchastronginfluenceonmytravelplan.

A．followed;don’texpectB．havefollowed;didn’texpectC．followed;hadn’texpectedD．hadfollowed;didn’texpect(★★★)11.Kennystillrememberstheclassdiscussion________theteacheraskedstudentstosharewhattheywantedtobewhentheygrewup.

A．whyB．whichC．thatD．where(★★★)12.Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,from______effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.

A．whichB．thoseC．whoseD．what(★★★)13.Recently,scientistshavestartedadebateon_______thecomputerswill“think”likehumaninhalfacentury.

A．whereB．whetherC．whoseD．which(★★★)14.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_____wasawastelandafewyearsago.

A．whichB．whatC．thatD．where(★★★)15.Themeaningoftheword“nice”changedafewtimes________itfinallycametoincludethesense“pleasant.”

A．beforeB．a(chǎn)fterC．sinceD．while(★★)16.Once______tolight,thefilmwillbedamagedandgetuseless.

A．isexposedB．beingexposedC．exposedD．isexposing(★★★)17.____________withadifficultsituation,theyoungmanwalkedslowlyintotheroom,glancedaroundnervously,andfinally____________adeepbreathbeforestartinghisspeech.

A．Facing;tookB．Facing;takingC．Faced;takingD．Faced;took(★★)18.Humanimpactontheanimalkingdom,suchashuntinganddestructionofhabitats,___________areductioninthepopulationofcertainspeciesinthepastthreedecades.

A．hascausedB．havecausedC．wascausingD．werecausing(★★★)19._________inhisbestsuitandpreparedtoclaimhisprize,hewentonthestageonly_________therewasanerror.

A．Dressed;tobetoldB．Dressing;totellC．Dressed;beingtoldD．Dressing;telling(★★★★)20.Witheveryone______,theheadteacherbeganthemeeting,______theimportanceofself-disciplineforseniorhighstudents.

A．sitting,highlightedB．seated,highlightingC．seated,highlightedD．satdown,highlighting二、閱讀理解(★★)JournalofCulturalHeritage,ajournalofscienceandtechnology,combinesdiverseacademicdisciplinesforstudyingproblemsabouttheawarenessandconservationofculturalheritageinawiderange.Themainpurposeofthejournalistopresentinnovativeapproachesconcerningallscientificaspectsrelatedtoheritagescience.SPECIFICTOPICS·Analysisandconservationofheritageassets(資產(chǎn)):novelmethodsforstudyingthecomposition,dating,originandnewmaterialsforthepreservationofobjects.·Conservationofbuiltheritage:analysisofhistoricalmaterialsandconstructiontechniques;novelinspection,testingandmonitoringtechniques.·Interactionbetweenheritageitemsandtheenvironment:theimpactofclimatechangeandriskassessmentofculturalheritage.·Digitaltechnologiesforknowledge,conservationandrestoration:dataanalysisandmodelling,long-termpreservationofheritageassets.·Museumconservation:technologiesforthemanagementandimprovementofmuseumcollections.REQUIREMENTSThearticlesmustbeofgreatinterestforawideaudience.Thus,itisannouncedthatthenumberofarticlesdealingwithcasestudieswillbereducedinordertofavororiginalarticles.Reportsonrestorationactivitiesshouldpresentaspecifictechnicalorscientificinnovation.BENEFITSTOAUTHORSWeprovideseveralauthorbenefitsafteracceptance,suchasfreePDFs,abroadcopyrightpolicyandspecialearningsasfollows.

DetailsInformationDeadlinethe15thofeverymonthPayment$60perthousandwordsEarlysubmissionbonusa$15bonusifsubmittedbeforethe10thofeverymonthPleaseseeourGuideforAuthorsforinformationonarticlesubmission.Ifyourequirefurtherinformationorhelp,pleasevisitourSupportCenter.21.WhatdoesJournalofCulturalHeritageaimtodo?

A．Collecttechnicalandscientificarticles.B．Combinekindsofacademicdisciplines.C．Offernovelmethodsofheritagescience.D．Promotethegrowthofheritagetourism.22.Whicharticleismorelikelytobeincludedinthejournal?

A．Howtosurvivefromtheeconomiccrisis.B．Whatwecandotoproducedigitalassets.C．Scienceisimprovingmuseumcollections.D．Theenvironmentiswaitingforouraction.23.Howmuchwouldanauthorgetforanaccepted2,000-wordarticlesubmittedonApril5th?

A．$120.B．$135.C．$165.D．$180.(★★★)Walkinghomefromschool,Iamenjoyingmyday.EachdayIstoptohearmusiccomingfromtheivy(常春藤).Sparrow(麻雀)songisaloudglorioussound.Theivyispulsingbelowaleaflesstree,decoratingaroundthelowertrunklikeacelebration.Nervousflittings,inandout,peckingatthebranches.Thisivyisahomeforthem,harboringanentireflock.Butthissceneisnolongerubiquitous.Numbershavedeclinedbyalmost70%intheUKsince1970.Sparrowsmaketheirhomesnearhumanplacesandfindingatreelikethisisablessing.Happily,theivyisstillfullofchatterandtwitter.InGreekmythology,sparrowsaresacredandoftenassociatedwiththegoddessAphrodite,symbolizingtrueloveandspiritualconnection.Iwonderhowmanypeoplelookatsparrowsandfeelthatdepthofconnection.Allbirdslivebrightlyinourimagination,connectingustothenaturalworld,openingupallkindsofcreativity.AsIstandthere,fluffed-upsparrowsinconversationamongthemselves,thereisaspark.Noticingnatureisthestartofitall.Slowdowntolisten,towatch.Takethetime,despitemountainsofhomework.Takethetimetoobservenature,toimmerseoneselfinitspatterns,structures,happeningsandrhythms.Itishowmathematiciansandscientistsarenurtured.AlanTuringstudiedthepatternsinnature:thearrangementofpetalsontheflower,spotsonaleopardandstripesonazebra.Hewaslookingforamathematicalformula(公式)forthedevelopmentofcellsinlivingthings.Naturesparkscreativity.Allwehavetodoisstartwiththequestion,Why?Thewaymymindwhirrsandwhirlsinnature,orevenwhen“daydreaming”iswaymoreproductivethantheworkIdoinschool.Iconsolidatemyselfbythinkingandthinkingwhileintenselywatchingthemovementsofsparrows.Whoknowswherewatchingsparrowswilllead?24.WhatdoIdoonthewayhomefromschool?

A．Listentopopmusic.B．Decoratethetree.C．Cleanupthetrunk.D．Observethesparrows.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ubiquitous”inparagraph1probablymean?

A．Unusual.B．Delightful.C．Common.D．Horrible.26.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningGreekmythology?

A．Toshowtheimaginationofhumans.B．Tostressthesignificanceofsparrows.C．TointroducethepowerofAphrodite.D．Todemonstratethediversityofspecies.27.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4ofthetext?

A．Naturefacilitatescelldevelopment.B．Naturefollowsrigidpatterns.C．Natureisasourceofinspiration.D．Natureofferscompanionship.(★★★★)Inthefieldwherephilosophyandneuroscienceoverlap,fewquestionshavefascinatedandconfusedhumanityasdeeplyastheconceptoffreewill.Atfirstglance,theideathatwehavethepowertomakechoicesthatarenotpredeterminedseemsintuitive(直覺的).However,acloserexaminationrevealsacomplexwebofphilosophicalargumentsandscientificfindingsthatchallengethisseeminglystraightforwardconcept.Fromaphilosophicalstandpoint,thedebatearoundfreewillhascontinuedintenselyforcenturies.Compatibilistsarguefreewillcancoexistwithdeterminism,aslongasouractionsarearesultofourowndesiresandmotivations.Forexample,choosingamusiccareeroutofpassionisconsideredasafreechoicewithinthisframework.Incontrast,incompatibilistsmaintainfreewillanddeterminismaremutuallyexclusive.Harddeterministsviewtheuniverseasaclosedsystemgovernedbystrictlawsofnature,whereeveryevent,includinghumanactions,ispredetermined.Inthisview,theideaoffreewillisanillusion(幻覺).Neurosciencehasadvancedmarkedlyindecodingthebrain,revealingthatmanyactionsarepreceded(先于)byneuralactivity.Studiesonthebrain’srewardsystemandneurotransmitters,particularlydopamine(多巴胺),furtherchallengethenatureoffreewill.Addictivebehaviors,forinstance,canbestronglyinfluencedbythebrain’sresponsetodopamine.Apersonstrugglingwithaddictionmayfeeltheylackthefreewilltoresistit,astheirbrainchemistryhasbeenalteredinawaythatforcesthemintoacting.Thescientificevidenceisnotconclusive,though.Somearguethattheneuralactivityobservedbeforeconsciousdecisionsmaynotbethecauseoftheactionbutratherpartofthepreparatoryprocessforadecisionthatisstillfreelymade.Additionally,thecomplexityofthehumanbrainandthefactthatmuchofitsfunctioningisstillnotfullyunderstoodleaveroomforthepossibilityoffreewill.Iffreewillisanillusion,itchallengesourfundamentalnotionsofmoralresponsibility.Wepraiseandblamepeoplefortheiractionsbecausewebelievetheycouldhaveacteddifferently.Howcanweholdindividualsaccountablefortheiractionsiftheywerenevertrulyfreetochooseotherwise?Withoutfreewill,theessentialmoralframeworkofoursocietieswouldcollapseintochaoticindifference.Freewillisonlyanillusionifyouare,too.28.Whichofthefollowingsituationsreflectsthecompatibilists’view?

A．Drivenbydopamine,Timkeepscheckinghissocialmedia.B．Lucyspeaksfirstafterbeingrandomlyselectedbysoftware.C．Exposedtoasuddenblindinglight,Lilyquicklyshutshereyes.D．Jerryshiftsbetweencompaniesofsharedbikesbasedondiscounts.29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A．Thealteredbrainchemistryenhancesfreewill.B．Consciousdecisionsareindependentofneuralactivities.C．Harddeterministsseefreewillvitaltomoralaccountability.D．Neuroscientists’viewsonthecausesofhumanactionsdiffer.30.Asfortheexistenceoffreewill,theauthoris________.

A．neutralB．disapprovingC．positiveD．doubtful31.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．DoesNeuroscienceThreatenFreeWill?B．WhytheArgumentsAgainstFreeWillFailC．ExplorationintotheComplexityofFreeWillD．FreeWill:BridgingNeuroscienceandPhilosophy(★★★)Imagineanot-too-distantfuture,whereweeachinhabitourownAI-drivendigitalfilter(過濾)bubble,craftedforusaloneanddesignedtoservecorporateinterests.Thisfutureresembles1998’smovieTheTrumanShow,wherethemaincharacterunknowinglylivedhisentirelifewithinarealityTVshowdesignedbyaproductionstudio.OnesubsetofAI,largelanguagemodels(LLM),won’tturnourlivesintorealityTVshows.Instead,personalizedAIagentsthreatentocageeachofusinanindividualizedandillusory(虛假的)unreality,profitingfromourdigitalactivitiesandwallingusofffromgenuineconnections.ManycompaniesaredevelopingindividualizedLLM.TheunderlyingprincipleisthatAIwilllearnabouttheindividualuserandadaptaccordingly.Forexample,ifyou’reasuperfanofafootballteam,you’llbefedupdates,ads,andvideostailoredtoyourinterests24hoursaday.Somealgorithmsmayevenlearnyourschedule,pushinginformationatyouduringpreciselythosetimeswhenyou’remostlikelytobelooking.Thismaysoundharmless.ButthenextstepistouseLLMtocreatememes,orevenfakearticles,feedingyouconspiracytheoriesaboutrivalteams.Thisisamiserablerealityforatleasttworeasons.Forone,thereareneithercomputationalmethodsorethicalincentives(激勵(lì))inplacetoensurethattheinformationyoureceiveistrue.Butjustasfrighteningasthelackofregardforthetruthisanevenscarierelement.Youwillnolongerlivewithanaccurateunderstandingoffootballteamthatisfullycompatiblewithanyoneelse’s.Youwillrunoninformationgeneratedonlyforyourself.Thisvisionisunsettling,eveninsportsandentertainment.Butwhatofinstitutionsthathavemoredirectsocialconsequences?Education?Politics?Withthefallofthepressandpolarizationofeverything,conversationsaroundholidaytablehavealreadybecomeimpossibleformanyextendedfamilies.Badasthestatusquomightbe,strangertimeslieaheadthatmakeuslongfortoday’sechochambers(信息繭房).Soon,ourbubbleswillshrinkfurtherandfurther,untilourdigitalworldsinvolveonlyourselves.InanAl-mediatedfuture,everyonewillliveinaprivateTrumanShow.Asasociety,wewillbecompletelyincapableofmakingfruitfulcollectivedecisionsbecausewewillhavenosharedunderstandingoftheworld.What’sthewayout?Findyourentertainmentinspaceswithactualpeople,exchangingthoughtsandcreationswitheachother.Evenonline,wemustkeepourunderstandingoftheworldgroundedinhuman-authoreddocumentsandartifacts.Valuingwhathumanscreateisnotmerelyamatterofauthenticity;italsoensureswefocusonargumentsthatanauthorcaredenoughtomake,onconservationsthatspeakerscaredenoughtohave.Otherwise,TheTrumanShow’spremisebecomesourreality,unknowinglyinhabitingafakeworldwhereoureveryexperienceisdesignedforprofit.Evenmoreexistentiallyalienating?LivinginaTrumanShowwherethedirector,producerandtheonlyonewatchingisanAI.32.TheauthormentionsTheTrumanShowinParagraph1to.

A．makeacomparisonB．illustrateasituationC．supportanargumentD．proposeasuggestion33.Accordingtothepassage,personalizedAIagentsmay.

A．isolateindividualsinfalserealitiesB．confirmthecredibilityofthecontentC．discouragethecompanies’ethicalincentivesD．improveuserbehaviorbyfeedingtargetedads34.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A．Algorithmshaveraisedconcernsoverprivacy.B．LLMsareingreatneedofcomputationalupgrade.C．Echochambersweakencollectivedecision-making.D．Technologydevelopmentresultsinpolarizedsociety.35.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A．AIandtheFutureofHumanInteractionB．AIWillTurnOurLivesintoTheTrumanShowC．TheTrumanShowPredictsAI’sImpactonMediaD．AlgorithmicBubblesandtheValueofHumanCreations(★★★)Liveperformancesareoftendescribedasraw,emotional,andimmersive,whilestudiorecordingsarepolishedandcarefullyproduced.36Oneofthemostnotabledifferenceswithlivemusicistheenergy.Aliveperformancebringsanatmospherethatcannotberecreatedinastudio.Whenmusiciansperformlive,theyconnectdirectlywiththeiraudience.Thecheers,clapping,andexcitementfromthecrowdcreateafeedbackloop(循環(huán))thatcanenhancetheperformance.Thissharedenergymakeseachliveconcertuniqueandpersonalforeveryonethere.37Whetherit’sasmall,intimatevenueoramassivestadium,thespaceinfluenceshowyouexperiencethemusic.Livemusicismorethanjustsomethingyouhear;it’ssomethingyoufeel.Anotherkeyaspectoflivemusicisitsunpredictability.Notwoperformancesareeverthesame.Musiciansmightimprovise(即興演奏),changethearrangementofasong,oreveninteractwiththeaudienceinwaysthatfeelspontaneousandgenuine.38Inalivesetting,imperfectionscanmakethemusicfeelmorereal.Aslightmistakeoranunexpectedvariationinasongremindsyouthatwhatyou’rewitnessingisunique.It’sareminderthatmusicisn’tjustabouttechnicalperfection—it’saboutemotionandexpression.Livemusiccreatesaspecialkindofconnectionbetweenperformersandlisteners.Seeingmusiciansperforminrealtimeallowsyoutowitnesstheirpassionandenergyfirsthand.39Formanypeople,livemusicisaboutmorethanjustthesongs.It’saboutbeingpartofasharedexperience,whichcanmakethemusicfeelmorepowerfulandmemorable.40Whilerecordingsofferapolished,consistentwaytoenjoymusic,liveperformancesbringenergy,authenticity(真實(shí)性),andemotionalconnection.Bothformsofmusichavetheirplace,andmanypeopleenjoyamixofthetwo.

A．Livemusicandstudiorecordingseachhavetheirownstrengths.B．Thephysicalenvironmentalsoplaysasignificantroleincreatingthisenergy.C．Studiorecordingsoftenrelyonadvancedtechnologytoperfectthesoundquality.D．Thesemomentsofauthenticityaddanextralayerofexcitementtotheexperience.E．Thiscontrastisn’tjustabouthowthemusicsoundsbutalsoabouthowitfeelstoexperienceit.F．Thisdoesn’tmeanstudiorecordingsarelessvaluable—theyofferadifferentwaytoenjoymusic.G．Thephysicalpresenceoftheartist,theirexpressions,andhowtheyinteractwiththecrowdallcontributetothisemotionalconnection.三、完形填空(★★★)Theunexpecteddetours(迂回)inthepastsummerhaveturnedanordinaryvacationintoanunforgettableadventure.Itbeganwithasimplemessagefrommyfriends,“Whydon’twe_______theroadthisweekend?”Withonlyaroughideaofourrouteformountainsandlakes,we_______intomycarandsetoffintotheclearnight.Drivingunderablanketof_______feltliberating;itwasasifallourworries_______.Thelaughterechoed(回蕩)inthecaraswesharedfunnystoriesinourlives.As_______brokeoverthehorizon(地平線),sodidourfirst_______:gettinglost!Awrongturnledusdeepintowindingcountryroadsfarfromwhereweintendedtobe._______frustrated,wequicklyturneditintoanopportunityforexplorationinsteadofseeingitasa_______.Wecameacrosslittletownswe’dneverheardofbefore—eachwithitsowncharmandcharacter.Finallyarrivingatour_______destination—anextremelyattractivenationalpark—weweregreetedbybreathtakingviewsoftoweringmountains________onglassylakes.The________wasundoubtedlyourhikeupPineRidgeTrail,whichchallengedusphysicallybut________uswithviewsthattookourbreathaway.Thisadventure________notonlyasanescapefromdailypressuresbutalsoachancetoacceptuncertaintyratherthan________it:sometimesgettinglostopensdoorsthatyoudidn’tevenknow________!41.A．hitB．fixC．crossD．block42.A．droppedB．piledC．lookedD．knocked43.A．snowB．fogC．starsD．clouds44.A．showedoffB．turnedupC．pulledinD．meltedaway45.A．hopeB．dreamC．nightfallD．daylight46.A．scheduleB．a(chǎn)pproachC．opportunityD．challenge47.A．FinallyB．InitiallyC．GraduallyD．Naturally48.A．takeoverB．setbackC．checkoutD．backup49.A．hiddenB．promisedC．intendedD．a(chǎn)bandoned50.A．standingB．rollingC．drawnD．reflected51.A．shelterB．routineC．highlightD．a(chǎn)dventure52.A．impactedB．rewardedC．chargedD．equipped53.A．servedB．passedC．rankedD．doubled54.A．shyawayfromB．liveuptoC．putupwithD．holdonto55.A．matteredB．provedC．existedD．disappeared四、語法填空(★★★)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Suembroidery(刺繡),acknowledgedasthefinestChinesehandneedlework,isanancientcraftthatoriginatedfromSuzhou,acitywithalonghistoryofsilkmaking.ThegardencityofSuzhouwas56economicandculturalcenterinancientChina,wherethewomenofnoblefamiliesinparticularhadataste57artandtheirneedleworkstylewasinfluencedbytheiraesthetictastes.“58(feature)itsrichcolors,complextechniquesandelegantdesigns,thecraft59(reflect)thebeautifulnaturalenvironmentandtheleisurelylifestyleofSuzhousincecenturiesago,”saidZhengLihong,anartprofessoratSoochowUniversityinJiangsuprovince.“Itisanartformcreatedbywomenlivinginacity60pridesitselfonanartisticlifestyle.”Zhengadded.Theembroideryreached61(it)goldenageduringtheSongDynasty,integratingelementsoftheancientpaintingspopularatthetime.ThecraftbecameafavoriteofChinese62(royal)inthecourtoftheQingDynasty.Itwasduringthisperiodthatthetermsuxiu,Suembroidery,63(coin).In1954theSuzhouSilkEmbroideryResearchInstitutewasestablished,whichmadeitpossibleformanyinnovationsinsilkembroiderytechniques64(follow)soon.ZouYingzi,aninheritorofSuembroidery,can65(flexible)applyvariousstitchingtechniquestodifferentpartsofhercreations,whoseworksarenowwidelycollectedbymuseumsinChina.五、選詞填空(★★★)請?jiān)诜娇蛑羞x擇合適的詞匯，用其正確的形式填入短文的空格中，使短文完整連貫。注意：(1)每個(gè)選項(xiàng)至多只能使用一次；(2)方框中有一個(gè)多余詞匯。

consultrecognizemonthrespectiveexpandinfluenceThecompany’slatestexhibitatthetradefairshowcaseditsinnovativeproducts,attractingmanyvisitors.Thankstoits66leadership,thefirmhasseensteadygrowth,with67profitsincreasingby15%.Thissuccesshasearnedtheteamwidespread68intheindustry.Tosupportitsrapid69,theCEOhiredatop-tier70tostreamlineoperationsandexplorenewmarkets.Withthesestrategicmoves,thecompanyiswell-positionedforfuturesuccess.(★★)請?jiān)诜娇蛑羞x擇合適的詞匯，用其正確的形式填入短文的空格中，使短文完整連貫。注意：(1)每個(gè)選項(xiàng)至多只能使用一次；(2)方框中有一個(gè)多余詞匯。

appointviolentdividepossiblefinancialfrequentlyThedustyroadsofthedividedtownhadseentoomuch71lately—conflictsbetweenrivalfactionswerebecoming72,deepeningthe73amongitspeople.Desperateforpeace,themayorrequestedanurgent74withleadersfrombothsides,butyearsofdistrustmadecompromiseseem75.Witheachfailednegotiation,thestreetsgrewlouderwithanger,andthehopeforpeacefaded.六、書面表達(dá)(★★★)76.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。EveryOctober,Ibegmyparentstotakeustoapumpkinpatch(園地)andeveryOctoberitdoesn’tworkout.That’swhyIcouldn’tbelievemyearswhenmydadcamehomewiththeworld’sbestnews.“Guesswhat!”hesaid.“Ijustsawaposterforthejack-o’-