2025下半年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀考試練習(xí)題及答案一、選詞填空1.Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeenwidelyrecognizedandadvocatedinrecentdecades.Itreferstoadevelopmentpatternthatmeetstheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Inthecontextofenvironmentalprotection,sustainabledevelopmentrequiresustobalanceeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalconservation.Oneofthekeychallengesinachievingsustainabledevelopmentistofindwaystoreduceour1onnon-renewableresourcessuchasfossilfuels.Theseresourcesarefiniteandtheirextractionanduseoftencausesignificantenvironmentaldamage.Forexample,theburningofcoal,oil,andgasreleaseslargeamountsofgreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere,whichcontributetoglobalwarming.Toaddressthisissue,weneedtoinvestinrenewableenergysourceslikesolar,wind,andhydropower.Thesesourcesare2andcanbereplenishednaturally.Bytransitioningtorenewableenergy,wecannotonlyreduceourenvironmentalimpactbutalsocreateneweconomicopportunitiesinthecleanenergysector.Anotherimportantaspectofsustainabledevelopmentiswastemanagement.Wegenerateahugeamountofwasteeveryday,andmuchofitendsupinlandfillsorisincinerated,whichcanhavenegativeenvironmentalconsequences.Weshouldadoptmore3wastemanagementpractices,suchasrecycling,composting,andreducingwastegenerationatthesource.Inaddition,sustainabledevelopmentalsoinvolvespromotingsustainableconsumptionpatterns.Consumersshouldbeencouragedtomakemore4choices,suchasbuyingproductswithlesspackaging,choosingenergy-efficientappliances,andsupportinglocalandsustainablebusinesses.Finally,educationandawarenessarecrucialforsustainabledevelopment.Peopleneedtounderstandtheimportanceofsustainablelivingandbe5totakeaction.Governments,businesses,andnon-profitorganizationsshouldworktogethertoraisepublicawarenessthrougheducationcampaigns,policy-making,andcommunityinitiatives.WordBankA.dependenceB.abundantC.efficientD.responsibleE.motivatedF.reliableG.consumptionH.extractionI.alternativeJ.pollutedK.recycledL.generatedM.renewableN.sustainableO.exhausted答案：1.A；2.M；3.N；4.D；5.E解析：“reduceour…onnon-renewableresources”，這里表達(dá)減少對(duì)不可再生資源的依賴，“dependence”符合語(yǔ)境，選A。前面提到可再生能源，這里說這些資源是可再生的且能自然補(bǔ)充，“renewable”符合，選M。這里說要采用更可持續(xù)的廢物管理實(shí)踐，“sustainable”合適，選N。消費(fèi)者應(yīng)該做出更負(fù)責(zé)任的選擇，“responsible”符合，選D。人們需要被激勵(lì)去采取行動(dòng)，“motivated”正確，選E。二、長(zhǎng)篇閱讀1.PassageA.TheDigitalRevolutionandItsImpactonEducationThedigitalrevolutionhastransformednearlyeveryaspectofourlives,andeducationisnoexception.Withtheadventoftheinternet,smartphones,andvariousdigitaltools,thewaywelearnandteachhasundergoneasignificantchange.Onlinelearningplatformshavemadeeducationmoreaccessiblethaneverbefore.Studentscannowaccessavastamountofeducationalresourcesfromanywhereintheworld,atanytime.Thishasopenedupnewopportunitiesforindividualswhomaynothavehadaccesstotraditionaleducationalinstitutionsduetogeographical,financial,orotherconstraints.B.TheRiseofOnlineCoursesOnlinecourseshavebecomeincreasinglypopularinrecentyears.PlatformslikeCoursera,edX,andUdemyofferawiderangeofcoursesinvariousfields,fromcomputersciencetoarthistory.Thesecoursesareoftentaughtbytop-notchprofessorsfromleadinguniversitiesaroundtheworld.Oneoftheadvantagesofonlinecoursesistheirflexibility.Studentscanlearnattheirownpace,whichisparticularlybeneficialforthosewithbusyschedulesorothercommitments.Additionally,onlinecoursesoftenprovideinteractivelearningexperiences,suchasdiscussionforumsandvirtuallabs,whichenhancethelearningprocess.C.ChallengesinOnlineLearningHowever,onlinelearningalsofacesseveralchallenges.Oneofthemainissuesisthelackofface-to-faceinteractionbetweenstudentsandinstructors.Inatraditionalclassroomsetting,studentscanaskquestionsimmediately,receiveinstantfeedback,andengageinin-depthdiscussions.Inanonlineenvironment,thiskindofinteractionmaybemorelimited.Anotherchallengeistheneedforself-discipline.Sinceonlinecoursesdonothaveafixedschedule,studentsneedtobehighlyself-motivatedandorganizedtokeepupwiththecoursework.Withoutproperself-management,itiseasyforstudentstofallbehind.D.TheRoleofTechnologyinTraditionalClassroomsTechnologyisnotonlytransformingonlineeducationbutalsohavingasignificantimpactontraditionalclassrooms.Smartboards,tablets,andeducationalsoftwarearenowcommonlyusedinschoolsanduniversities.Thesetoolscanenhancethelearningexperiencebymakinglessonsmoreengagingandinteractive.Forexample,teacherscanuseinteractivemapsandvideostoteachgeographyorhistory,whichcanhelpstudentsbetterunderstandthesubjectmatter.Moreover,technologycanalsofacilitatepersonalizedlearning.Adaptivelearningsoftwarecananalyzestudents’performanceandprovidecustomizedlearningmaterialsbasedontheirindividualneeds.E.PreparingEducatorsfortheDigitalAgeAstechnologycontinuestoplayanincreasinglyimportantroleineducation,educatorsneedtobepreparedtousethesetoolseffectively.Teachertrainingprogramsshouldincludecoursesondigitalteachingmethodsandtheuseofeducationaltechnology.Educatorsneedtolearnhowtointegratetechnologyintotheirteachingtocreatemoreengagingandeffectivelearningenvironments.Theyalsoneedtounderstandthepotentialchallengesandlimitationsoftechnologyineducationandbeabletoaddressthemappropriately.F.TheFutureofEducationintheDigitalEraThefutureofeducationinthedigitaleralookspromisingbutalsopresentsmanyuncertainties.Ononehand,thecontinueddevelopmentoftechnologywilllikelyleadtoevenmoreinnovativeandaccessibleeducationalsolutions.Forexample,virtualreality(VR)andaugmentedreality(AR)technologieshavethepotentialtocreateimmersivelearningexperiencesthatwerepreviouslyunimaginable.Ontheotherhand,thereareconcernsaboutthedigitaldivide.Notallstudentshaveequalaccesstotechnologyandtheinternet,whichcouldwidenthegapbetweenthehavesandthehave-notsineducation.G.BridgingtheDigitalDivideToensurethatallstudentscanbenefitfromthedigitalrevolutionineducation,effortsneedtobemadetobridgethedigitaldivide.Governments,non-profitorganizations,andtheprivatesectorshouldworktogethertoprovideaffordableaccesstotechnologyandtheinternetinunderservedareas.Additionally,programsshouldbedevelopedtotrainstudentsandtheirfamiliesonhowtousedigitaltoolseffectively.Questions1.Onlinecoursesarepopularbecausetheyofferflexibilityandinteractivelearningexperiences.()2.Thelackofface-to-faceinteractionandtheneedforself-disciplinearechallengesinonlinelearning.()3.Technologyintraditionalclassroomscanmakelessonsmoreengagingandfacilitatepersonalizedlearning.()4.Educatorsneedpropertrainingtousedigitaltoolseffectivelyinteaching.()5.Thefutureofeducationinthedigitalerahasbothopportunitiesandchallenges.()6.Toaddressthedigitaldivide,varioussectorsshouldcollaboratetoprovideaccesstotechnologyandtrainusers.()7.Thedigitalrevolutionhasmadeeducationmoreaccessiblethroughonlinelearningplatforms.()8.Onlinecoursesaretaughtbytop-notchprofessorsfromleadinguniversities.()9.Smartboards,tablets,andeducationalsoftwarearecommonlyusedintraditionalclassrooms.()10.Teachertrainingprogramsshouldincludecoursesondigitalteachingmethods.()答案：1.B；2.C；3.D；4.E；5.F；6.G；7.A；8.B；9.D；10.E解析：文中B段提到在線課程受歡迎是因?yàn)橛徐`活性和提供互動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)體驗(yàn)，所以對(duì)應(yīng)B。C段明確指出在線學(xué)習(xí)面臨缺乏面對(duì)面交流和需要自律的挑戰(zhàn)，對(duì)應(yīng)C。D段說明傳統(tǒng)教室中的技術(shù)能讓課程更有吸引力并促進(jìn)個(gè)性化學(xué)習(xí)，對(duì)應(yīng)D。E段強(qiáng)調(diào)教育者需要培訓(xùn)以有效使用數(shù)字工具，對(duì)應(yīng)E。F段表明數(shù)字時(shí)代教育的未來(lái)既有機(jī)會(huì)也有挑戰(zhàn)，對(duì)應(yīng)F。G段提出為解決數(shù)字鴻溝，各部門應(yīng)合作提供技術(shù)接入和培訓(xùn)用戶，對(duì)應(yīng)G。A段提到數(shù)字革命通過在線學(xué)習(xí)平臺(tái)讓教育更易獲取，對(duì)應(yīng)A。B段指出在線課程由頂尖大學(xué)的優(yōu)秀教授授課，對(duì)應(yīng)B。D段提到智能板、平板電腦和教育軟件在傳統(tǒng)教室常用，對(duì)應(yīng)D。E段說教師培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目應(yīng)包含數(shù)字教學(xué)方法課程，對(duì)應(yīng)E。三、仔細(xì)閱讀1.PassageOneTheglobalfoodsystemisfacingnumerouschallengesinthe21stcentury.Oneofthemostpressingissuesisfeedingagrowingpopulation.Itisestimatedthattheworld’spopulationwillreach9.7billionby2050.Tomeetthefooddemandofthisincreasingpopulation,agriculturalproductionneedstoincreasesignificantly.However,traditionalagriculturalmethodsareoftennotsustainable.Theyrelyheavilyonchemicalfertilizersandpesticides,whichcanhavenegativeenvironmentalimpacts.Chemicalfertilizerscancontaminatewatersourcesandcontributetosoildegradation.Pesticidescanharmbeneficialinsectsandwildlife.Moreover,traditionalagricultureisalsohighlywater-intensive,andwithwaterscarcitybecomingamoreseriousprobleminmanypartsoftheworld,thisisamajorconcern.Inresponsetothesechallenges,thereisagrowingmovementtowardssustainableagriculture.Sustainableagricultureaimstoproducefoodinanenvironmentallyfriendlyandsociallyresponsibleway.Itfocusesonusingnaturalresourcesefficiently,reducingchemicalinputs,andpromotingbiodiversity.Oneapproachtosustainableagricultureisorganicfarming.Organicfarmersavoidusingsyntheticfertilizersandpesticides.Instead,theyrelyonnaturalmethodssuchascroprotation,composting,andbiologicalpestcontrol.Organicfarmingcanhelptoimprovesoilquality,reducewaterpollution,andprotectbiodiversity.However,organicfarmingoftenhasloweryieldscomparedtoconventionalfarming,whichcanbealimitationinmeetingthegrowingfooddemand.Anotherapproachisprecisionagriculture.PrecisionagricultureusestechnologysuchasGPS,sensors,anddronestooptimizeagriculturalproduction.Itallowsfarmerstoapplyfertilizersandpesticidesmoreprecisely,basedonthespecificneedsofdifferentpartsofthefield.Thiscanreducetheuseofchemicalsandimproveresourceefficiency.Precisionagriculturealsoenablesfarmerstomonitorcropgrowthandhealthinreal-time,whichcanhelptodetectandaddressproblemsearly.Inaddition,urbanagricultureisemergingasanimportantpartofthesustainablefoodsystem.Urbanagricultureinvolvesgrowingfoodincities,onrooftops,incommunitygardens,orinverticalfarms.Itcanprovidefreshandhealthyfoodtourbanresidents,reducethecarbonfootprintassociatedwithfoodtransportation,andcreategreenspacesinurbanareas.Overall,sustainableagricultureoffersapromisingsolutiontothechallengesfacingtheglobalfoodsystem.Byadoptingthesedifferentapproaches,wecanensurefoodsecurity,protecttheenvironment,andpromotesocialwell-being.Questions1-5basedonPassageOne1.Whatisthemainproblemtheglobalfoodsystemisfacinginthe21stcentury?()A.Thedecreasingqualityoffood.B.Feedingagrowingpopulation.C.Thelackofagriculturalland.D.Theincreasingcostoffoodproduction.-答案：B-解析：文章開頭提到“Theglobalfoodsystemisfacingnumerouschallengesinthe21stcentury.Oneofthemostpressingissuesisfeedingagrowingpopulation.”，說明主要問題是養(yǎng)活不斷增長(zhǎng)的人口，選B。2.Whatarethenegativeimpactsoftraditionalagriculturalmethods?()A.Theycauseairpollution.B.Theyleadtowaterscarcity.C.Theyharmtheenvironment.D.Theyreducesoilfertility.-答案：C-解析：文中提到“traditionalagriculturalmethodsareoftennotsustainable.Theyrelyheavilyonchemicalfertilizersandpesticides,whichcanhavenegativeenvironmentalimpacts”，說明傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)方法對(duì)環(huán)境有危害，選C。3.Whatistheadvantageoforganicfarming?()A.Highyields.B.Lowcost.C.Environmentalfriendliness.D.Easytomanage.-答案：C-解析：文中說“Organicfarmingcanhelptoimprovesoilquality,reducewaterpollution,andprotectbiodiversity.”，表明有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是環(huán)保，選C。4.Howdoesprecisionagriculturework?()A.Byusingtechnologytooptimizeproduction.B.Byincreasingtheuseofchemicals.C.Byexpandingagriculturalland.D.Byimprovingtraditionalfarmingmethods.-答案：A-解析：文中提到“PrecisionagricultureusestechnologysuchasGPS,sensors,anddronestooptimizeagriculturalproduction.”，說明精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)通過使用技術(shù)優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)，選A。5.Whatisthesignificanceofurbanagriculture?()A.Itcanreplacetraditionalagriculture.B.Itcansolvetheproblemoffoodshortage.C.Itcanprovidefreshfoodandreducethecarbonfootprint.D.Itcanincreasetheincomeofurbanresidents.-答案：C-解析：文中說“Urbanagricultureinvolvesgrowingfoodincities…Itcanprovidefreshandhealthyfoodtourbanresidents,reducethecarbonfootprintassociatedwithfoodtransportation”，說明城市農(nóng)業(yè)能提供新鮮食物并減少碳足跡，選C。2.PassageTwoInrecentyears,theissueofplasticpollutionhasgainedsignificantattentionworldwide.Plasticisaversatileandwidelyusedmaterial,butitsdurabilityandslowdecompositionratehaveledtoaseriousenvironmentalproblem.Everyyear,millionsoftonsofplasticwasteentertheoceans,rivers,andlandfills.Plasticpollutionhasawiderangeofnegativeimpactsontheenvironment.Marineanimalsoftenmistakeplasticdebrisforfoodandingestit.Thiscancauseinternalinjuries,blockagesinthedigestivesystem,andevendeath.Plasticalsobreaksdownintomicroplastics,whicharesmallplasticparticleslessthan5millimetersinsize.Thesemicroplasticscanbeingestedbysmallorganismsandthenenterthefoodchain,potentiallyaffectinghumanhealth.Onland,plasticwastecanaccumulateinlandfills,takingupvaluablespace.Itcanalsocontaminatesoilandwatersources.Inaddition,theproductionofplasticrequireslargeamountsoffossilfuels,whichcontributestogreenhousegasemissionsandclimatechange.Toaddresstheproblemofplasticpollution,varioussolutionshavebeenproposed.Oneapproachistoreduceplasticconsumption.Thiscanbeachievedbypromotingtheuseofreusableproducts,suchasreusablebags,waterbottles,andstraws.Governmentsandbusinessescanalsoimplementpoliciestolimittheuseofsingle-useplastics,suchasplasticbagsanddisposablecutlery.Anothersolutionistoimproveplasticwastemanagement.Thisincludesbettercollection,sorting,andrecyclingofplasticwaste.Recyclingcanhelptoreducetheamountofplasticthatendsupinlandfillsortheenvironment.However,therecyclingrateofplasticiscurrentlyrelativelylow,andtherearechallengesinrecyclingcertaintypesofplastic.Inaddition,researchanddevelopmentareneededtofindalternativematerialstoplastic.Scientistsareexploringtheuseofbiodegradableplastics,whichcanbreakdownmorequicklyintheenvironment.Theyarealsolookingintoothermaterialssuchasplant-basedpolymersthatcanreplacetraditionalplastics.Finally,educationandawarenessarecrucialforsolvingtheproblemofplasticpollution.Peopleneedtounderstandtheenvironmentalimpactsofplasticpollutionandbeencouragedtotakeaction.Governments,non-profitorganizations,andthemediashouldworktogethertoraisepublicawarenessthrougheducationcampaignsandinformationdissemination.Questions6-10basedonPassageTwo6.Whatisthemaincauseofplasticpollution?()A.Theoveruseofplasticanditsslowdecomposition.B.Thelackofproperwastemanagement.C.Thelarge-scaleproductionofplastic.D.Thehighdemandforplasticproducts.-答案：A-解析：文中提到“Plasticisaversatileandwidelyusedmaterial,butitsdurabilityandslowdecompositionratehaveledtoaseriousenvironmentalproblem.”，說