2025年托?？谡Z模擬測試卷：全球糧食安全與可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______請根據(jù)以下指示回答問題。Question1:Youwillnowbelisteningtoashortlectureandreadingashortpassageaboutsustainableagriculture.First,youwillhavetimetoreadthepassage.Whileyouread,underlinethemainideaandanythreekeydetails.Now,listentothelecturewhileyoufollowalonginyourbook.Thenanswerthequestionbasedonwhatyouhavereadandheard.Passage:Sustainableagriculturefocusesonproducingfoodinwaysthatareenvironmentallyfriendlyandsociallyresponsible.Onekeypracticeiscroprotation,wheredifferenttypesofcropsaregrowninthesameareainsequentialseasons.Thishelpsmaintainsoilfertility,reducepestproblems,anddecreasetheneedforchemicalfertilizersandpesticides.Anotherimportantpracticeistheuseofcovercrops,whichareplantsgrownprimarilytoprotectandimprovesoil.Covercropspreventsoilerosion,enhancewaterretention,andaddorganicmattertothesoilwhentheydecompose.Additionally,sustainableagricultureoftenpromotesbiodiversitybyencouragingthepresenceofbeneficialinsectsandotherwildlifeonfarms.Thesepracticesnotonlybenefittheenvironmentbutcanalsoleadtomoreresilientandproductivefarmingsystemsinthelongterm.Lecture:"...So,whilethereadingpassagehighlightsthebenefitsofcroprotationandcovercrops,themainfocusofsustainableagriculturetoday,asIexplainedinclass,isreallyaboutintegratingthesepracticeswithmoderntechnology.Forexample,precisionagricultureusesGPSandsensorstooptimizetheuseofwater,fertilizers,andpesticides,applyingthemonlywheretheyareneededmost.Thistechnologyallowsfarmerstominimizeenvironmentalimpactwhilemaximizingefficiency.Furthermore,there'sagrowingemphasisonverticalfarming,whichisessentiallygrowingcropsinverticallystackedlayers,oftenincontrolledenvironmentsinsideurbanareas.Thisapproachcansignificantlyreducetransportationemissionsandwaterusagecomparedtotraditionalfarmingmethods.So,whiletraditionalsustainablepracticeslikecroprotationarestillcrucial,theintegrationoftechnologyiswhat'sdrivingthefutureofsustainableagriculture,makingitmorescalableandimpactful."Question:Summarizethepointsmadeinthelectureaboutsustainableagriculture.Explainhowthesepointscontrastwithorbuildupontheinformationpresentedinthereadingpassage.Question2:Imagineyouruniversityisconsideringlaunchinganewprogramtopromotesustainablelivingoncampus,andtheyareaskingforstudentinput.Whichofthefollowingideaswouldyousuggestimplementing,andwhy?Explainyourreasoningusingspecificexamples.*A.Acampus-widecompostingprogramtoreducefoodwasteandcreateorganicfertilizerforcampusgardens.*B.Offeringfreeworkshopsandtrainingsessionsforstudentsonsustainablecookingandfoodchoices.*C.Establishingpartnershipswithlocalfarmstoprovidefresh,locallygrownproducefortheuniversitydininghalls.Question3:Youwillnowbelisteningtoadiscussionbetweentwopeopleaboutarecentstudyonglobalfoodsecurity.Thenyouwillreadasummaryofthestudy.Afterhearingthediscussion,answerthequestion.Discussion:PersonA:Hey,didyouseethenewsaboutthatnewreportonglobalfoodsecurity?Itlookedprettyconcerning.PersonB:Yeah,Ireadit.Ithighlightshowclimatechangeissignificantlyimpactingcropyieldsinmanydevelopingcountries,especiallyinSub-SaharanAfrica.Thereportmentionsthatrisingtemperaturesandmorefrequentextremeweathereventslikedroughtsandfloodsaremakingitmuchharderforfarmerstoproduceenoughfood.PersonA:Exactly.AndthediscussionIheardinProfessorLee'sclasstodayaddsanotherlayertothisproblem.Theprofessormentionedthatmanyofthesefarmersdon'thaveaccesstotheresourcesneededtoadapt,likeclimate-resilientseedsorimprovedirrigationsystems.It'snotjusttheweather;it'salsothelackofsupport.PersonB:That'sacriticalpoint.So,thereportfocusesontheclimateaspect,whiletheclassdiscussionreallybroughtupthesocio-economicbarrierstoadaptation.Itseemslikeacomprehensivepictureneedsbothelementstounderstandthefullchallenge.PersonA:Definitely.Withoutaddressingboththeclimaterisksandthelackofresources,it'shardtoseehowfoodsecuritycanbeimprovedintheseregions.PersonB:Agreed.Thesolutionsprobablyneedtobemulti-faceted.ReadingSummary:ArecentstudypublishedintheJournalofAgriculturalSciencewarnsthatclimatechangeposesaseverethreattoglobalfoodsecurity,particularlyinvulnerableregions.TheresearchfindsthatincreasedtemperaturesandalteredprecipitationpatternsareleadingtoreducedcropyieldsforstaplefoodslikemaizeandsorghuminpartsofAfricaandAsia.Thestudyemphasizestheurgentneedforglobaleffortstomitigateclimatechangeandadaptagriculturalpracticestoensurefoodproductioncankeeppacewithpopulationgrowth.Itcallsforincreasedinvestmentinclimate-resilientagricultureandbetteraccesstoclimateinformationforfarmers.Question:Summarizethepointsmadebythetwospeakersinthediscussion.Explainhowtheirpointsrelatetotheinformationpresentedinthereadingpassage.Question4:Readthefollowingtwostatementsaboutsustainableagriculture.Thenlistentoalecturethatdiscussesbothstatements.Statement1:"Implementingsustainableagriculturepracticesgenerallyrequireshigherinitialcosts,makingitdifficultforsmall-scalefarmerstoadoptthesemethods."Statement2:"Thelong-termenvironmentalandsocialbenefitsofsustainableagricultureoftenoutweighthehigherinitialcosts,leadingtomoreresilientfarmingsystemsandcommunities."Lecture:"Regardingthepointsaboutsustainableagriculturecostsandbenefits,it'struethattransitioningtopracticeslikeorganicfarmingorinstallingwater-efficientirrigationsystemscaninvolvesignificantupfrontinvestments.Manysmallfarmers,particularlyindevelopingregions,operateonverythinmarginsandmaystrugglewiththeseinitialcosts.Thisisamajorbarrier,asmentionedinthestatements.However,thelecturetodayfocusedonsomeoverlookedaspects.Forinstance,sustainablepracticescanleadtoreducedexpensesovertimebydecreasingrelianceonexternalinputslikechemicalfertilizersandpesticides,whichcanbeexpensive.Furthermore,theyoftenimprovesoilhealth,leadingtobetteryieldsinthelongrundespitepotentiallyfacingchallengeslikeloweryieldsduringthetransitionperiod.Moreimportantly,thelecturehighlightedthecrucialnon-economicbenefits.Byenhancingbiodiversity,conservingwaterresources,andsequesteringcarbon,sustainableagriculturecontributestoenvironmentalstability.Thisstability,inturn,supportsthewell-beingoffarmingcommunitiesandsurroundingecosystems.Therefore,whiletheinitialcostchallengeisrealandneedssolutionslikesubsidiesormicrofinance,thelecturearguedthatthecomprehensivelong-termbenefitsforboththeenvironmentandsocietymakethetransitionworthwhile,reinforcingthesecondstatement'sperspective."(Thelecturedoesnottakeadefinitivestanceagainstthefirststatementbutexploresnuancesandlong-termconsiderations).Question:Summarizethepointsmadeinthelecturethatrelatetothetwostatementsaboutsustainableagriculture.Explainhowthelecturebuildsuponoraddsadifferentperspectivetotheideaspresentedinthestatements.試卷答案Question1:Thelecturepointsoutthatsustainableagricultureincreasinglyinvolvesintegratingmoderntechnologywithtraditionalpractices.Itspecificallymentionsprecisionagriculture,whichusesGPSandsensorstooptimizewater,fertilizer,andpesticideuse,minimizingenvironmentalimpact.Additionally,thelecturediscussesverticalfarming,anurban-basedmethodthatsignificantlyreducestransportationemissionsandwaterusagecomparedtotraditionalfarming.Thiscontrastswiththereadingpassage,whichfocusesprimarilyontraditionalmethodslikecroprotationandcovercropstomaintainsoilfertility,reducechemicaluse,andpromotebiodiversity,withoutmentioningtechnologicalintegrationasacentralfeature.Thelecturebuildsuponthereadingbysuggestingthattechnologyisakeydrivermakingsustainableagriculturemorescalableandimpactfulinthefuture.Question2:IwouldsuggestimplementingoptionA:acampus-widecompostingprogram.Whileworkshopsandlocalfoodpartnershipsarevaluable,compostingdirectlyaddressestheissueoffoodwaste,asignificantsourceofcampuswasteandenvironmentalimpact.Itprovidesatangible,hands-onwayforstudentstoparticipateinsustainabilityefforts.Bycompostingfoodscrapsandcreatingorganicfertilizer,theuniversitycanreducelandfillwaste,decreaserelianceonsyntheticfertilizers,andpotentiallyenhancecampusgreenspaces.Thisinitiativealsoofferseducationalopportunitiesaboutwastereductionand循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(circulareconomy)principles,makingitacomprehensivesolutionwithbothenvironmentalandcommunitybenefits.Question3:Thetwospeakersdiscusshowtherecentstudyonglobalfoodsecurityhighlightstheimpactofclimatechangeoncropyields,particularlyindevelopingcountries.Thediscussionthenbroadensthisfocusbyincorporatingthesocio-economicbarrierstoadaptation,suchaslackofaccesstoresourceslikeclimate-resilientseedsorirrigation,whichwerenotexplicitlydetailedinthereadingpassage.Thereadingemphasizestheclimatethreatandtheneedformitigationandadaptationinvestment.Thespeakers'pointsrelatetothisbyaddingthecrucialdimensionofsocio-economicfactorsthathinderadaptation,asmentionedinProfessorLee'sclass.Theyconnecttheenvironmentalproblemsidentifiedinthestudy(climateimpact)withthehumanelement(lackofresources)neededto