第2講解題技法指導(dǎo)技法一審題謀篇四步法(2022·全國(guó)甲)你校將以六月八日世界海洋日為主題，舉辦英語(yǔ)征文比賽。請(qǐng)你寫一篇短文投稿。內(nèi)容包括：1．海洋的重要性；2．保護(hù)海洋的倡議。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．短文的題目和首句已為你寫好。OurOceans，OurResponsibilityJune8thwasofficiallynamedbytheUNin2009asWorldOceansDay.第一步審題立意布局謀篇體裁投稿短文時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)人稱第三人稱結(jié)構(gòu)三段要點(diǎn)1.開(kāi)頭提出話題。2.中間寫海洋的重要性和如何保護(hù)海洋。3.最后發(fā)出倡議。第二步核心內(nèi)容逐一盤點(diǎn)第一段——提出話題1．當(dāng)說(shuō)到海洋時(shí)，它的污染正變得越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重。第二段——海洋的重要性和保護(hù)海洋的倡議2．海洋在世界上起著關(guān)鍵性的作用。3．海洋向我們提供充足的食物并維持著自然的平衡。Theoceanandmaintains.4．我們不能把垃圾扔進(jìn)海洋。5．我們也可以分發(fā)傳單來(lái)號(hào)召更多的人保護(hù)海洋。Wecanalso.6．如果更多的人參與，海洋環(huán)境就會(huì)更好了。Ifmorepeople，theoceanenvironment.第三段——發(fā)出倡議7．早該到了我們致力于保護(hù)海洋的時(shí)候了。Itishightime.8．保護(hù)海洋就是保護(hù)我們自己。Toprotecttheocean.第三步斟詞酌句潤(rùn)色升級(jí)1．用notonly...butalso...改寫第3句話。2．把第4句話改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。3．把第6句話改為“themore...，themore...”結(jié)構(gòu)。第四步巧妙銜接完美成篇OurOceans，OurResponsibilityJune8thwasofficiallynamedbytheUNin2009asWorldOceansDay.Whenitcomestotheocean，itspollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.WorldOceansDayisaimedatraisingawarenessofoceanconservation.Theoceanplaysakeyroleinourworld.Notonlydoestheoceanofferussufficientfood，butitalsomaintainsthebalanceofnature.Thus，itisimperativetoprotecttheocean.Firstofall，whatwecandoisplaceimportanceonourdailyactions.Forexample，garbagecan’tbethrownintotheocean.What’smore，wecanalsohandoutleafletstocallonmorepeopletoprotecttheocean.Themorepeopleareinvolved，thebettertheoceanenvironmentis.Allinall，itishightimethatwedevotedourselvestoprotectingtheocean.Toprotecttheoceanistoprotectourselves.技法二規(guī)避常見(jiàn)的五種錯(cuò)誤典例示范常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤錯(cuò)誤句子改錯(cuò)句子成分殘缺或多余(缺)Therearemanystudentssupportit.Therearemanystudentswho/thatsupportit.(多)Wereachedtoschoolat6∶00am.Wereachedschoolat6∶00am.主謂不一致Thechildrenwasveryhappy.Thechildrenwereveryhappy.Youcanreadthebookswhichisontheshelf.Youcanreadthebookswhichareontheshelf.時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤Theexhibitionwillholdnextweekend.Theexhibitionwillbeheldnextweekend.YesterdayIwitnessanaccident.YesterdayIwitnessedanaccident.詞性不分Honestisthebestpolicy.Honestyisthebestpolicy.PapercuttingisatraditionChineseart.PapercuttingisatraditionalChineseart.Ifinallythroughtheexamafterseveralattempts.Ifinallygotthroughtheexamafterseveralattempts.中式英語(yǔ)Iverylikehisclasses.Ilikehisclassesverymuch.MyfatherboughtmeaMoYanwritingbook.MyfatherboughtmeabookwrittenbyMoYan.Thetreesverytall.Thetreesareverytall.技法三亮化詞匯三原則根據(jù)高考書面表達(dá)的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，應(yīng)用詞匯的豐富性和準(zhǔn)確性是作文能否取得高分的一條重要的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。所以，在詞匯的亮化上應(yīng)遵循以下三個(gè)原則：原則1求新求變同樣意義的詞語(yǔ)，要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境使用最新學(xué)過(guò)的而不是小學(xué)初中學(xué)過(guò)的詞匯。如果同樣的意義重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，要使用不同的表達(dá)方式。如：1．Notonlydoestheoceanofferusenoughfood，butitalsomaintainsthebalanceofnature.Thus，itisveryimportanttoprotecttheocean.(2022·全國(guó)甲)→Notonlydoestheoceanofferussufficientfood，butitalsomaintainsthebalanceofnature.Thus，itisimperativetoprotecttheocean.2．Whenfeelingsad，Ioftenchoosetoenjoythenovelpartwhichincludesalotofgoodstories.(2021·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)→Whenfeelingdepressed，Ioftenchoosetoenjoythenovelpartwhichincludesalotofimaginativestories.3．WiththewidespreadoftheInternet，moreandmorepeoplebecomeonlinelearners.(2021·全國(guó)乙)→WiththewidespreadoftheInternet，anincreasingnumberofpeoplebecomeonlinelearners.4．Iamwritingtoaskyoutohelpuswithaplayweadaptedaccordingtothetext.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ)→Iamwritinginsinceritytoaskyouafavourregardingaplayweadaptedaccordingtothetext.5．Foranother，Chinahasalonghistoryandrichculture.IthasalwaysattractedpeoplewholoveanythingaboutChina.(2020·江蘇)→Foranother，Chinaenjoysalonghistoryandrichculture.IthasalwaysbeenanattractionforthosewhoarekeenonanythingthatisChinese.原則2求準(zhǔn)求精寫作時(shí)不一定每一句都要有復(fù)雜句式，有時(shí)準(zhǔn)確使用一個(gè)單詞就會(huì)讓整個(gè)句子增色。1．ItcaneasilybeseenthatthepercentageofstudentswhochooselisteningtoEnglishsongsandwatchingEnglishmoviesispartly65%and50%.(2022·全國(guó)乙)→ItcaneasilybeseenthatthepercentageofstudentswhochooselisteningtoEnglishsongsandwatchingEnglishmoviesisrespectively65%and50%.2．Inconclusion，weshouldfindawaytostudyonlinebetter.(2021·全國(guó)乙)→Inconclusion，weshouldfindawaytostudyonlinemoreefficiently.3．Hiswordsofencouragementcanstillberemembered.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ)→Hiswordsofencouragementstillringinmyears.4．Iamwaitingforyourearlyreply.(2021·全國(guó)甲)→Iamwaitingforyourearlyreplyeagerly.原則3短語(yǔ)優(yōu)先恰當(dāng)使用短語(yǔ)代替單詞，不但可以增加詞數(shù)，還有助于繞開(kāi)不會(huì)表達(dá)的單詞，使得行文更加流暢。1．Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldconsidermyinvitation.(2022·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)→Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyinvitationintoaccount.2．Inconclusion，weshouldknowitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesandfindaproperwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient.(2021·全國(guó)乙)→Inconclusion，weshouldhaveagoodunderstandingofitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesandfindaproperwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient.3．Inordertogetmoreclicks，you’dbettertellmewhichChinesecultureattractswesternersmost.(2021·全國(guó)甲)→Inordertogetmoreclicks，you’dbettertellmewhichChinesecultureholdsthemostattractionforwesterners.4．Themajorityofpeoplewhoweresurveyedsupportedthisidea.→Themajorityofpeoplewhoweresurveyedwereinfavourofthisidea.技法四美化句式四訣竅訣竅1三大從句各一從句是豐富內(nèi)容的有效手段。每一篇優(yōu)秀作文，句式都應(yīng)該多樣。所以在寫作中，要注意打造三種從句。1．定語(yǔ)從句：Itwasatthatfestivalthatyousharedsomanyinterestingthingsaboutyourcountry，throughwhichIlearnedalotaboutyourfood，cultureandhistory.(2022·浙江1月)2．狀語(yǔ)從句：Ithasbeen10yearssinceYouthwasfoundedandIbegantoreadthenewspaperwhenIwasstillajunioronestudent.(2021·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)3．名詞性從句：What’sfarmoreimportantisthatwebecamegoodfriendsthen.(2022·浙江1月)訣竅2非謂語(yǔ)若干非謂語(yǔ)的正確使用能體現(xiàn)出學(xué)生的語(yǔ)法功底，相比于從句，非謂語(yǔ)更加生動(dòng)簡(jiǎn)潔。(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ)Lastweekend，myclassmatesandItookpartinafarmpicking(現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ))activity.Surrounded(過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ))bygreentrees，thefarmislocatedatthefootofthehillnearourschool.Thereisasmallriverflowing(現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ))throughthefarm.Whileenjoyingbeing(動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ))closetonature，webegantohelppickpeachescovering(現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ))everytree.Weworkedinpairs，onepickingpeachesandtheothercarefullyputtingthemintoabigbox(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))．Throughparticipating(動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ))inthispickingactivity，Ihavebecomeawareofthesignificanceofwork.Iamdeterminedtostudyhard，tobeausefulpersontothecountryandtocontributetotheimprovementofpeople’slives(不定式作賓語(yǔ))．訣竅3倒裝強(qiáng)調(diào)可出現(xiàn)特殊句型如倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句和感嘆句等可以使整篇文章句式更加豐富。1．Itisourdailyactionsthatmakeadifferencetoprotectingtheoceanfrombeingpolluted.(2022·全國(guó)甲)2．SoeasilyaddictedtochattingonlineorplayinggamesaretheythattheywillforgettolearnEnglishusingthem.(2022·全國(guó)乙)3．Fromthisactivity，notonlydidwerealizethatbuildingupourbodyisofgreatimportance，butwealsolearnedmoreabout“persistenceleadstosuccess”．(2020·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)4．Ontheway，exhaustedastheparticipantswere，theykeptrunninguntilthefinishingline.(2020·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)5．Suchismyunderstandingaboutgrowingup.(2020·天津)訣竅4被動(dòng)露露面如果一篇文章全都是主動(dòng)句而且主語(yǔ)一致，文章就會(huì)顯得單調(diào)，適當(dāng)使用被動(dòng)句能夠避免這種情況。1．Firstofall，whatwecandoisplaceimportanceonourdailyactions.Forexample，wecan’tthrowgarbageintotheocean.(2022·全國(guó)甲)→Firstofall，whatwecandoisplaceimportanceonourdailyactions.Forexample，garbagecan’tbethrownintotheocean.2．BecausewewillpresentthisactivityontheEnglishwebsite，Isincerelywantyoutooffermesomeadvice.(2021·全國(guó)甲)→BecausethisactivitywillbepresentedontheEnglishwebsite，Isincerelywantyoutooffermesomeadvice.3．Iwonderifyouwouldliketogiveussomeadvice.Weneedtoadjustthevocabularyandgrammaroftheplot，andwealsoneedyourguidanceonourperformance.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ)→Iwonderifyouwouldliketogiveussomeadvice.Thevocabularyandgrammaroftheplotneedtobeadjusted，andwealsoneedyourguidanceonourperformance.技法五銜接過(guò)渡四類型銜接過(guò)渡詞可以分為“啟、承、轉(zhuǎn)、合”四類。1．用于“啟”的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)：asyouknow，asisshowninthe...，firstofall，foronething，aboveall，ontheonehand，inasense，tostartwith等。①AsfarasIknow，thisexhibitionwilllastforhalfamonthintheschoolartgallery.(2021·浙江)②Firstofall，whatwecandoisplaceimportanceonourdailyactions.(2022·全國(guó)甲)③Foronething，theoveralldevelopmentoverthepastdecadeshasbeensostrikingthattheyfeeleagertofamiliarizethemselveswithwhatisgoingoninChina.(2020·江蘇)④Firstandforemost，thecompetitiontobeheldinourschoolstadiumwillbeginat2pmandlastforroughly3hours.(2019·全國(guó)Ⅱ)2．用于“承”的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)：secondly，also，inaddition，foranotherthing，forthispurpose，furthermore，whatismore，forexample，inotherwords，infact，atthesametime，asaresult，therefore等。①What’smore，ifIwanttodecoratemywebsitewithsomeChineseelements，whatshouldIdo？(2021·全國(guó)甲)②Therefore，Istronglyrecommendthatallthestudentsinourschoolshouldmakeuseoftheirsparetimetoenjoythesewonderfulworkscarefully.(2021·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)③Foranother，Chinaenjoysalonghistoryandrichculture.(2020·江蘇)④Besides，thetopicisabouthowtoimproveourspokenEnglish.(2022·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)⑤Furthermore，itisnecessaryforyoutotakeagoodrest，whichwillprovideenoughenergyforyou.(2019·全國(guó)Ⅱ)⑥Meanwhile，I’malsointerestedtolearnsomefolkdancesfromyouinyourlecture，whichwillhelpmeimprovemydancing.(2019·天津)3．用于“轉(zhuǎn)”的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)：afterall，but，however，onthecontrary，incontrast，otherwise，while，though，despite，inspiteof，allthesame，asamatteroffact等。①However，thosechoosingreadingEnglishbooksandvisitingEnglishlearningwebsitesonlyaccountfor18%and12%.(2022·全國(guó)乙)②Ontheway，althoughsomestudentsfellbehind，theykeptrunninguntilthefinishingline.(2020·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)4．用于“合”的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)：inaword，generallyspeaking，atlast，inshort，intheend，inconclusion，onthewhole，insummary，tosumup等。①Finally，youarewelcomeatanytimetomyhouseandbemyguest.Congratulationsagain!②Tosumup，Iwishyoucouldliveuptotheexpectationsofourschool.(2019·全國(guó)Ⅱ)③Inconclusion，theschooluniformsareabetterchoicethanthetraditionalChinesedressforsuchanoccasion.(2019·江蘇)④Allinall，itishightimethatwedevotedourselvestoprotectingtheocean.Toprotecttheoceanistoprotectourselves.(2022·全國(guó)甲)Ⅰ.升級(jí)句中加黑詞匯1．Withthedevelopmentoftechnology，moreandmorepeoplearefondofonlinepayment.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology，peoplearefondofonlinepayment.2．Traditionalculturesareveryimportantinourcountry.Traditionalculturesinourcountry.3．Asforme，Ilikeschooluniformsbetterthancasualclothes.Asforme，Ischooluniformscasualclothes.4．QingdaoliesintheeastofShandongProvince.QingdaotheeastofShandongProvince.5．Everyonemusthaveexperiencedamovingmoment，andI’dliketoshareminewithyou.Everyonemusthaveexperiencedamoment，andI’dliketoshareminewithyou.6．Iamwritingtosaythankstoyouforyourhelp.Iamwritingtotoyouforyourhelp.7．Hereissomeadvice，whichIhopewillbegoodforyou.Hereissomeadvice，whichIhopewillbetoyou.8．Iamveryhappytohearthatyouarecomingtoourcityforavisit.Iamtohearthatyouarecomingtoourcityforavisit.Ⅱ.升級(jí)句式練習(xí)1．Theceremonywasscheduledtobeheldfrom8∶00amto11∶00amonJune8，andduringthattimewereviewedthepasteventsandwatchedsomevideosabouttheheroicdeedsofourschoolmatesinthebattleagainstCOVID-19.(用定語(yǔ)從句改寫)→Theceremonywasscheduledtobeheldfrom8∶00amto11∶00amonJune8，.2．AnEnglishoralcompetitionwasheldthisMondayandourclasswonthefirstprizeinit.(用定語(yǔ)從句改寫)→OurclasswonthefirstprizeintheEnglishoralcompetition.3．Doesyoursummercourseofferaccommodation？(用賓語(yǔ)從句改寫)→4．ThestudentsinterestedinthecontestarerequiredtosignupforitbeforeJuly3.(用主語(yǔ)從句改寫)→Itisrequiredthatthestudentsinterestedinthecontest(should)signupforitbeforeJuly3.5．Yougreetothersactively，andyouaremorelikelytomakefriends.(用狀語(yǔ)從句改寫)→6．Webecameexhaustedhalfway，butwemanagedtogettothefinishingline.(用狀語(yǔ)從句改寫)→7．WheneverImeetwithdifficulty，myChineseteachergivesmeencouragementintime.(用強(qiáng)調(diào)句改寫)→8．IamsoanxiousthatIcan’tsleepwellbeforeexams.(用倒裝句改寫)→9．ThefruitfarmliesatthefootoftheMountYuhuangshan.(用倒裝句改寫)→10．WewillholdtheexhibitioninthegalleryhallofourschoolonSaturdayafternoon.(用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改寫)→Ⅲ.用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡詞匯填空ALiJiangandSuHuaarediscussi