專題02非謂語動(dòng)詞目錄TOC\o"1-1"\h\u一、考情解讀 1二、命題分析預(yù)測(cè) 1三、考點(diǎn)必備知識(shí)通關(guān) 1四、考法解題能力提升 20五、精選考點(diǎn)題型專練 22一、考情解讀1.了解三種非謂語動(dòng)詞的基本用法、時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)的變化及其句法功能,并能在具體的語境中正確運(yùn)用。2.掌握非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語、賓語、定語、狀語、表語及補(bǔ)語時(shí)的區(qū)別。二、命題分析預(yù)測(cè)1.非謂語動(dòng)詞仍是今后高考的必考點(diǎn)。2.從形式上看,動(dòng)詞-ing和不定式是?？键c(diǎn),過去分詞也有涉及。3.從功能上看,非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語和狀語是考查的重點(diǎn),作定語是?？键c(diǎn),作補(bǔ)語、表語、主語雖然考查頻次不高,但考生在備考時(shí)不能忽視。4.考生在備考時(shí),還要注意用不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義這一用法。三、考點(diǎn)必備知識(shí)通關(guān)考點(diǎn)1非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語能作賓語的非謂語動(dòng)詞只有不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing(此處指動(dòng)名詞)。知識(shí)1動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語1.后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有很多,常見的以口訣形式列舉如下:期?？释鹐xpect/hope/desire想want承諾promise愿望wish碰巧happen又出現(xiàn)appear假裝pretend安排arrange不拒絕refuse準(zhǔn)備prepare計(jì)劃plan/intend未做到fail試圖attempt提供offer又猶豫hesitate設(shè)法manage要求ask/demand作選擇choose同意agree等待wait像seem承擔(dān)afford決定determine/decide學(xué)習(xí)learn訂目標(biāo)aim?Theymanagedtofinishtheworkontime.他們?cè)O(shè)法按時(shí)完成了工作。?Don'tpretendtoknowwhatyoudon'tknow.不要不懂裝懂。?Ihappentoknowtheanswertoyourquestion.我碰巧知道你那道問題的答案。Butsomestudentsdidn'twant_______(wear)theuniform.

【解析】wanttodosth."想要做某事",此處應(yīng)用不定式作want的賓語,故填towear。【特別提醒】1."特殊疑問詞/whether+動(dòng)詞不定式"結(jié)構(gòu)(1)該結(jié)構(gòu)可以在consider,decide,learn,know,forget,remember等動(dòng)詞后作賓語,也可以作主語、表語等。(2)該結(jié)構(gòu)中特殊疑問詞常見的有:how,where,when,what,which,who等。?Ihadacoldandcouldn'tdecidewhethertogotoseeadoctor.我感冒了,拿不定主意是否要去看醫(yī)生。(作賓語)?Howtosolvetheseproblemsisveryimportant.怎樣解決這些問題很重要。(作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù))2.不定式可作介詞but/except/than的賓語動(dòng)詞作介詞的賓語時(shí),大多用動(dòng)詞-ing形式,不用不定式。但在but,except,than等少數(shù)幾個(gè)介詞后則跟不定式作賓語。若這些介詞前有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do,則不定式常省略to。?Hehadnochoicebuttoacceptthefact.他別無選擇,只有接受這個(gè)事實(shí)。?Hedidnothingbut/exceptwait.除了等,他什么也沒做。知識(shí)2動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語1.后接動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語的動(dòng)詞此類詞有很多,常見的以口訣形式列舉如下:建議suggest/advise考慮consider保持keep練practise允許permit/allow想象imagine否deny冒險(xiǎn)risk阻止prevent錯(cuò)過miss完finish避開avoid/escape介意mind抵制resist承admit喜歡enjoy?Ioftenpractiselisteningandspeaking.我經(jīng)常練習(xí)聽和說。?Doyoumindpassingmethatdictionary?你介意遞給我那本詞典嗎?2.后接動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語的動(dòng)詞短語此類短語有很多,如:feellike(想),can'thelp(忍不住),giveup(放棄),putoff(推遲),insiston(堅(jiān)持)等。?Whenhedoesn'tfeelliketalking,wejustlethimbe.他不想說話時(shí),我們就任其自便吧。?Shecouldn'thelpcryingwhensheheardthenews.聽到那則消息她忍不住哭起來?！咎貏e提醒】容易被忽視的短語后接動(dòng)詞-ing的情況列舉如下:1.有些短語其后to不是不定式符號(hào),而是介詞,后面可接動(dòng)詞-ing2.有些短語或句式中介詞經(jīng)常省略,要注意此時(shí)后面仍接動(dòng)詞-ingYoucan'timaginewhatdifficultythefreshmenhad_______(consult)theFrenchdictionary.

【解析】句意:你無法想象大一新生查閱法語詞典有多困難。結(jié)合句意可知此處表示"做某事有困難",difficulty前置了,此處考查了havedifficulty(in)doingsth.結(jié)構(gòu),故填consulting。知識(shí)3動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語的異同1.接動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語時(shí)意義差別不大的動(dòng)詞常見的有start,begin,like,love,hate等。2.接動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語時(shí)意義不同的動(dòng)詞(短語)Ididn'tmean________(eat)anythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldn'thelp________(try)it.

【解析】句意:我(本來)不打算吃任何東西,但是冰激凌看起來如此誘人以至于我禁不住嘗了嘗。從句意看,第一空填toeat,meantodosth.表示"打算做某事";第二空填trying,couldn'thelpdoingsth.表示"忍不住做某事"。3.既可接動(dòng)詞-ing又可接tobedone的動(dòng)詞此時(shí),表示事情需要被做,用doing的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。?Theseflowersneedwatering.=Theseflowersneedtobewatered.這些花需要澆水。?Yoursuggestiondeservesconsidering.=Yoursuggestiondeservestobeconsidered.你的建議值得考慮?！咎貏e提醒】表示"值得"時(shí),還可以用worth,worthy或worthwhile,其后接非謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)具體結(jié)構(gòu)如下:?這個(gè)地方值得參觀。→Thisplaceisworthvisiting.→Thisplaceisworthytobevisited.→Thisplaceisworthyofbeingvisited.→Itisworthwhilevisiting/tovisitthisplace.知識(shí)1動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語1.作目的狀語表示謂語動(dòng)作的目的,可位于句首和句中,其邏輯主語通常是句子的主語。?Toavoidanydelay,pleasephoneyourorderdirect.為免延誤,請(qǐng)直接打電話預(yù)訂。?Doctorsworkedthroughthenighttosavetheinjuredman.醫(yī)生徹夜工作以拯救那位傷者?！咎貏e提醒】有時(shí)為了特別強(qiáng)調(diào)目的狀語,可以在不定式前加上inorder或soas,即構(gòu)成inordertodo(可位于句首和句中)或soastodo(只可位于句中)結(jié)構(gòu)。?Manyfarmersfertilizetheircropsinorderto/soastomakethemgrowmorequickly.許多農(nóng)民給莊稼施肥,為的是讓莊稼長(zhǎng)得更快些。Moreover,somepressesdidtheirpartbypublishingallsortsofbooks_______(enrich)people'sdailylife.

【解析】句意:此外,有些出版社通過出版各種各樣的書籍來豐富人們的日常生活,盡到了職責(zé)。根據(jù)句意可知,此處用不定式短語作目的狀語,故填toenrich。2.作結(jié)果狀語其邏輯主語通常是句子的主語。不定式作結(jié)果狀語時(shí)常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu):形式意義todosth.結(jié)果……onlytodosth.不料/竟然……so...astodosth.如此……以至于……...enoughtodosth.足夠……做某事too...todosth.太……而不能做某事?Irushedtothestation,onlytofindthetrainhadalreadyleft.我匆忙趕到車站,不料發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經(jīng)開走了。?Hewalkstooslowlytogetthereontime.他走得太慢,不能按時(shí)到達(dá)那里?！咎貏e提醒】onlytoo...to...結(jié)構(gòu),onlytoo相當(dāng)于very,表示"非常",與之搭配的形容詞常見的有pleased,ready,willing,glad,happy等。?I'monlytoogladtohavepassedtheexam.考試及格了,我非常高興。3.作原因狀語不定式與情感類形容詞連用時(shí),多表示原因,常構(gòu)成"Sb.+be+情感類形容詞+todosth."結(jié)構(gòu),常見的此類形容詞有:happy,kind,surprised,frightened,shocked,glad,delighted,disappointed等。?Shewasveryhappytohearthathersonhadbeenpromoted.聽說兒子升職了,她很高興。4.構(gòu)成"Sth.+be+形容詞+不定式"結(jié)構(gòu)(其中不定式用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義)此類形容詞常見的有:easy,hard,difficult,pleasant,good,fit,comfortable等。?Thisbookisdifficulttounderstand.這本書很難懂?！咎貏e提醒】如果不定式中的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞,與之相搭配的介詞不可丟掉。?Thepictureispleasanttolookat.這張畫很好看。知識(shí)2動(dòng)詞-ing作狀語1.動(dòng)詞-ing作狀語時(shí)其形式的選擇形式內(nèi)在含義doing與句子主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,與謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。havingdone與句子主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,且先于謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生。havingbeendone與句子主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,且先于謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生。2.動(dòng)詞-ing作狀語的語法功能動(dòng)詞-ing作狀語用法作時(shí)間狀語相當(dāng)于when/while/after等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句作原因狀語相當(dāng)于as/since/because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句作條件狀語相當(dāng)于if/unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句作讓步狀語相當(dāng)于though/although等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句作結(jié)果狀語表示自然而然的結(jié)果,可擴(kuò)展為并列分句或定語從句作方式或伴隨狀語表示與謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生的次要(或伴隨)動(dòng)作,通?？蓴U(kuò)展為并列分句。?Hearingthenews,theyimmediatelysetoffforShanghai.→Whentheyheardthenews,theyimmediatelysetoffforShanghai.聽到這個(gè)消息,他們立即出發(fā)去上海了。(時(shí)間)?Beingtired,Istoppedtohavearest.→BecauseIwastired,Istoppedtohavearest.我累了,停下來休息。(原因)?Hecomeshomeverylateeveryevening,makinghiswifeveryangry.→Hecomeshomeverylateeveryevening,anditmakeshiswifeveryangry.→Hecomeshomeverylateeveryevening,whichmakeshiswifeveryangry.他每天晚上回家都很晚,這使他妻子很生氣。(結(jié)果)?Istoodthere,waitingforher.→Istoodthere,andwaitedforher.我站在那兒等她。(伴隨)【特別提醒】動(dòng)詞-ing作結(jié)果狀語時(shí),表示一種自然而然的結(jié)果,通常放在句末,與句子其他部分用逗號(hào)隔開;不定式作結(jié)果狀語時(shí)往往表示不好的或出乎意料的結(jié)果。Intheseyears,heledahardlife,_______(write)poemsabouttheeventshewitnessed.

【解析】句意:這些年他過著艱苦的生活,寫詩記錄他所目睹的事件。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),該句已有謂語動(dòng)詞led,空處應(yīng)填非謂語動(dòng)詞,又因主語he與write為主謂關(guān)系,且此處表示伴隨,應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing作伴隨狀語,故填writing。Hearrivedanhourlate,completely_______(upset)ourplanforthepicnic.

【解析】句意:他遲到了一小時(shí),徹底打亂了我們的野餐計(jì)劃。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處用非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語,"遲到一小時(shí)"造成的結(jié)果是"徹底破壞了我們的野餐計(jì)劃",故用動(dòng)詞-ing作狀語表示自然而然的結(jié)果。故填upsetting。知識(shí)3過去分詞作狀語其邏輯主語通常就是句子的主語,構(gòu)成過去分詞的動(dòng)詞與主語之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。過去分詞(短語)作狀語可表示時(shí)間、原因、讓步、條件、伴隨和方式,可轉(zhuǎn)化為相應(yīng)的狀語從句(作方式或伴隨狀語時(shí)除外)。?Givenmoretime,I'llcatchupwithyou.→IfIamgivenmoretime,I'llcatchupwithyou.如果多給我一些時(shí)間,我就能趕上你。(條件)【特別提醒】有些及物動(dòng)詞的-ed形式形容詞化了,并不強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)意味,主要表示一種狀態(tài)。?Dressedinwhite,shesuddenlyappeared.她穿著白色的衣服突然出現(xiàn)了。?Lostinthought,hedidn'tnoticeuscomein.由于陷入深思,他沒注意到我們進(jìn)來了?！疽谆燹q解】動(dòng)詞-ing與過去分詞作狀語的區(qū)別1.與邏輯主語的關(guān)系方面(1)動(dòng)詞-ing作狀語時(shí),若用主動(dòng)形式,則動(dòng)詞-ing的邏輯主語(一般為句子的主語)與構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞-ing的動(dòng)詞為主謂關(guān)系;若用被動(dòng)形式,則動(dòng)詞-ing的邏輯主語(一般為句子的主語)與構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞-ing的動(dòng)詞為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。?Hewentout,shuttingthedoorbehindhim.他出去了,并隨手把門關(guān)上了。?Havingbeentoldtostayathome,hecouldn'tgoout.他被告知待在家里,所以他不能出去。(2)過去分詞作狀語時(shí),構(gòu)成過去分詞的動(dòng)詞與過去分詞的邏輯主語(一般為句子的主語)之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。?Writteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood.因?yàn)閷懙么颐?這篇文章不是很好。2.時(shí)間方面動(dòng)詞-ing的一般式(doing)表示與謂語動(dòng)作(幾乎)同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作;動(dòng)詞-ing的完成式(havingdone/havingbeendone)表示在謂語動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。過去分詞通常表示被動(dòng)、已完成的動(dòng)作。?Readingcarefully,hefoundsomethinghehadn'tknownbefore.仔細(xì)閱讀時(shí),他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些他以前不知道的東西。?Bittenbythedog,theboydoesn'tdaretogetclosetoit.因被那條狗咬過,這個(gè)男孩兒不敢靠近它。知識(shí)1動(dòng)詞不定式作定語動(dòng)詞不定式作定語時(shí),通常放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之后。以下幾種情況常使用不定式作定語:1.表示將來的動(dòng)作時(shí)。根據(jù)需要,不定式可用主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)形式。如果句中的主語或另一名詞/代詞是不定式的邏輯主語,不定式用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。?Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.我有很多家庭作業(yè)要做。(雖然homework與不定式是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,但是句子主語I是不定式的邏輯主語,所以不定式用主動(dòng)形式)?Thebuildingtobebuiltnextmonthwillbeamodernhospital.下個(gè)月要建的那棟樓將是一個(gè)現(xiàn)代化的醫(yī)院。(build與building之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,且動(dòng)作還未完成,故用不定式的被動(dòng)形式)2.用于序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)以及thelast,theonly,no,any,all等詞(短語)后或被這些詞(短語)修飾的名詞/代詞后,此時(shí)不定式常用主動(dòng)形式。?Heisthebestmantodothejob.他是做這項(xiàng)工作的最佳人選。In1936,RuthHarknessbecamethefirstwesterner_______(bring)alivegiantpandanamedSuLintotheBrookfieldZooinChicago.

【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處作westerner的后置定語,由于westerner被序數(shù)詞(first)修飾,所以其后需用不定式作后置定語,故填tobring。3.被修飾詞是表示抽象意義的名詞時(shí)。其后不定式常用主動(dòng)形式。常見的此類名詞有ability,chance,idea,right(權(quán)利),evidence,attempt,plan,way,reason,opportunity,time等。?Iwanttohaveachancetofurthermystudyabroad.我想有個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)去國(guó)外進(jìn)修?！咎貏e提醒】1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語時(shí),如果其中的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞,與之相搭配的介詞不可丟掉。?Doyouhaveenoughpapertowriteon?你有足夠的紙來寫字嗎?2.如果被不定式修飾的名詞為place,time,way等,不定式后面的介詞習(xí)慣上可以省去。?Hehasnoplacetolive(in).他沒有地方住。知識(shí)2動(dòng)詞-ing作定語動(dòng)詞-ing作定語,通常表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或與謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。通常有兩種形式:doing被修飾詞與do是主謂關(guān)系TheprofessorgivingaspeechaboutpollutionisfromHarvardUniversity.正在做關(guān)于污染報(bào)告的教授來自哈佛大學(xué)。beingdone被修飾詞與do是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系Thefilmbeingshowninthecinemaisgreat.正在電影院上映的那部電影很不錯(cuò)。Theastronomyhasexplainedmysteries(神秘的事物)________(confuse)usforthousandsofyears,butevenmoresignificantly,ithasopenedupmoremysteriesthananyofuscanstudyinourlifetime.【解析】句意:天文學(xué)解釋了困擾我們幾千年的謎團(tuán),但更重要的是,它所開啟的謎團(tuán)比我們?nèi)魏稳擞猩晁苎芯康倪€要多。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處修飾前面的名詞mysteries,mysteries和動(dòng)詞confuse之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,且表示一直的狀態(tài),故用動(dòng)詞-ing作后置定語。故填confusing?！咎貏e提醒】動(dòng)詞-ing作定語,還可用于說明被修飾詞的用途、功能或目的,常放在被修飾詞之前。achangingroom一間更衣室awaitingroom一間候車室/候診室aracingbicycle一輛賽車 awritingdesk一張寫字桌aswimmingpool一個(gè)游泳池 areadingroom一間閱覽室知識(shí)3過去分詞作定語1.及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語表示被動(dòng)和完成,不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語只表示該動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。abrokencup一個(gè)打碎的杯子(強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng))aretiredworker一位退休工人(強(qiáng)調(diào)完成)2.構(gòu)成過去分詞的動(dòng)詞與其被修飾的詞(邏輯主語)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。單個(gè)過去分詞作定語時(shí)常前置;過去分詞短語作定語時(shí)常后置,可轉(zhuǎn)化為定語從句。?Thestolencarwasfoundbythepolicelastweek.上周警察找到了被偷走的汽車。?Helikesthegiftboughtbyhisfather(=which/thatwasboughtbyhisfather).他喜歡父親買的那個(gè)禮物。(buy與thegift為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,且"買"這一動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成)

Thisyear,Hellobike,apopularbike-sharingcompany,launchedtwonewbikemodels________(equip)withthepositioningservice.

【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞短語作后置定語,修飾名詞bikemodels。equip...withsth."給……配備某物",equip與bikemodels構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用過去分詞equipped?！咎貏e提醒】一些表示感覺的動(dòng)詞(如interest,bore,worry,frighten,surprise等)的-ing形式和-ed形式大多已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞,-ing形式的形容詞表示"令人……的",-ed形式的形容詞表示"感到……的"。如:aboringman(惹人煩的人);aboredexpression(厭倦的表情)?？键c(diǎn)4非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語知識(shí)1動(dòng)詞不定式作補(bǔ)語1.帶to的不定式作補(bǔ)語有些動(dòng)詞(短語)后跟帶to的不定式作補(bǔ)語(賓補(bǔ)和主補(bǔ)),形式為:常見的這類動(dòng)詞(短語)有:advise,allow,permit,forbid,consider,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expect,force,get(使,讓),intend(打算),invite,order,persuade,prefer,remind,require,teach,tell,want,warn,wish,waitfor,callon(要求),appealto(呼吁),arrangefor(安排),dependon等。?WehaveinvitedProfessorWangtogiveusareporttomorrow.我們已經(jīng)邀請(qǐng)王教授明天給我們做報(bào)告。(作賓補(bǔ))?Allpassengersarerequiredtoshowtheirtickets.所有乘客都要出示車票。(作主補(bǔ))【特別提醒】advise,allow,permit,forbid,consider后可跟帶to的不定式作補(bǔ)語,還可直接跟動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語。?Theydon'tallowsmokinginthehall.他們不準(zhǔn)(有人)在大廳里吸煙。?Herparentsdon'tallowhertostayoutlate.她的父母不允許她在外面待到很晚。ChinatownsareanimportantpartofthediversecultureoftheUSA.TheyallowvisitorswhohaveneverbeentoChina________(experience)traditionalChineseculturefirst-hand.

【解析】句意:唐人街是美國(guó)多元文化的重要組成部分。它們讓從未到過中國(guó)的游客親身體驗(yàn)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化。allowsb.todosth."允許某人做某事"是常見搭配,故填toexperience。2.不帶to的不定式(即動(dòng)詞原形)作補(bǔ)語使役動(dòng)詞(make,have,let等)及感官動(dòng)詞(see,watch,observe,hear,notice等)后作賓補(bǔ)的不定式不帶to,但用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)(let一般不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài))時(shí),作主補(bǔ)的不定式一定要加上to。注意:help后接不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)帶不帶to均可。?Hemadeafaceandmadeeverybodylaugh.他做了一個(gè)鬼臉,讓所有人都笑了。?Hewasseentogoupstairs.有人看見他上樓了。巧學(xué)妙記我們可用一句話來巧記有以上用法的動(dòng)詞:吾看三室兩廳一感覺。"吾看"指"5看"(lookat,watch,see,notice,observe);"三室"指"3使"(let,make,have);"兩廳"指"2聽"(listento,hear);一感覺(feel)。知識(shí)2動(dòng)詞-ing和過去分詞作補(bǔ)語動(dòng)詞-ing和過去分詞作補(bǔ)語(賓補(bǔ)和主補(bǔ)),用來說明賓語或主語的狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)。把含有賓補(bǔ)的句子改為被動(dòng)句,原來的賓補(bǔ)就變?yōu)橹餮a(bǔ)了。以下重點(diǎn)講解動(dòng)詞-ing和過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的情況:動(dòng)詞-ing和過去分詞通常在兩類動(dòng)詞后作賓補(bǔ):①感覺、感官類動(dòng)詞;②使役動(dòng)詞。此時(shí)動(dòng)詞-ing表示正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)意義,過去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成的被動(dòng)意義。1.在感覺、感官類動(dòng)詞后作賓補(bǔ)常見的詞有see,notice,watch,lookat,hear,listento,find,feel,smell等。?Heheardthewindblowingoutside.他聽到外邊在刮風(fēng)。?Ifeltmyheartbeatingfaster.我感到我的心跳得更快了。?Hedidn'tnoticehiswalletstolen.他沒注意到他的錢包被偷了?！咎貏e提醒】作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞-ing如果表示正在發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作,其前要加being。?Hefoundhimselfbeingfollowedbyawolf.他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正被一頭狼跟蹤著。【易混辯解】感覺、感官類動(dòng)詞后動(dòng)詞-ing和不定式(不帶to)作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別?—Doyouheardoorbellringing?你聽見門鈴在響嗎?—Yes,Ihearditringthreetimes.是的,我聽見門鈴響了三下。另外,短暫性動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)表示動(dòng)作的反復(fù),而不定式(不帶to)表示動(dòng)作的一次性。試比較:Listeningtomusicathomeisonething;goingtohearit_________(perform)liveisquiteanother.

【解析】句意:在家里聽音樂是一回事,去聽現(xiàn)場(chǎng)演奏的音樂是另一回事。本空在句中作賓補(bǔ),且perform與賓語it構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故此處用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ),表示被動(dòng)含義。故填performed。2.在使役動(dòng)詞后作賓補(bǔ)常見的詞有keep,get,leave,have,make,set等?！咎貏e提醒】make后的賓補(bǔ)只能用過去分詞,不能用動(dòng)詞-ing;而set后的賓補(bǔ)通常用動(dòng)詞-ing,不用過去分詞。?Hehadtoshouttomakehimselfheard他得大聲喊才能讓人聽見。?Herwordssetmethinkingdeeply.她的話讓我深思。深化拓展1.使役動(dòng)詞have,get后接非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語的異同點(diǎn)(1)havesth.done=getsth.done賓語sth.與do之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。該結(jié)構(gòu)常表示三種含義:①讓別人做某事?Ihave/getmyhaircut.我理了發(fā)。(頭發(fā)是主語讓別人理的,不是主語自己理的)②使某物被……(不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作是誰發(fā)出的)?Hehad/gotthefiletyped.他把文件打出來了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)文件被打出來這一結(jié)果)③主語遭遇不幸?Theladyhad/gotherbagstolenonthebusyesterday.昨天,這位女士的包在公共汽車上被偷了。(2)havesb./sth.doing讓……一直做某事,使……正處于……;getsb./sth.doing使……(開始)做某事。sb./sth.與do之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。?Don'thavethewaterrunningwhilebrushingyourteeth.刷牙時(shí),別讓水一直流著。?Let'sgetthemachinerunning.我們讓這臺(tái)機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)起來吧。(3)havesb.dosth./getsb.todosth.讓某人做某事;havesth.todo有某事要做(todo作后置定語)。?Myparentsalwaysgetmetodosomehousework.父母總是讓我做些家務(wù)。?Themanagerhadhissecretarycollectsomeinformation.經(jīng)理讓他的秘書收集一些信息。2.with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中作賓補(bǔ)的非謂語動(dòng)詞"with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)"結(jié)構(gòu)可在句中作定語或狀語(表示原因、時(shí)間、條件、伴隨、方式等),賓補(bǔ)可以是名詞/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語/動(dòng)詞-ing/過去分詞/不定式。在此我們重點(diǎn)講解賓補(bǔ)是動(dòng)詞-ing、過去分詞和不定式的情況。(1)with+名詞/代詞+動(dòng)詞-ing動(dòng)詞-ing表示主動(dòng)和動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。?Helayonthegrasswithhiseyeslookingatthesky.他躺在草地上,望著天空。(伴隨狀語)(2)with+名詞/代詞+過去分詞過去分詞表示被動(dòng)和動(dòng)作已完成。?Withhishaircut,helookedmuchyounger.理了發(fā),他看起來年輕多了。(原因狀語)(3)with+名詞/代詞+不定式不定式表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生。切記:不定式一般情況下都用主動(dòng)形式。?Withalotofhomeworktodo,Ican'tgoskatingwithyou.因?yàn)橛泻芏嗉彝プ鳂I(yè)要做,我不能和你一起去滑冰。(原因狀語)考點(diǎn)5非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語和表語知識(shí)1非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語非謂語動(dòng)詞(不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing)作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式;有時(shí)為保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,常用it作形式主語,將非謂語動(dòng)詞后置。1.不定式作主語(1)多表示具體的、一次性的或尚未做的動(dòng)作(2)it作形式主語的常用句式:?Tosayisonething;todoisanother.說是一回事,做是另一回事。?Totalkwithhimisagreatpleasure.→Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithhim.與他談話是一件很快樂的事。?It'sverydifficultforhimtounderstandthetheory.對(duì)他來說,理解這個(gè)理論很難。?It'skindofyoutohelpme.你太好了,愿意幫我。InVancouveritisunusual_______(see)abear,butinsomecitiesyoucanseebiganimalsonthecitystreetseveryday.

【解析】此處表示"在溫哥華,看到熊是不尋常的"。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處所在分句中的"it"為形式主語,真正的主語應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞不定式,故填tosee。2.動(dòng)詞-ing作主語(1)多表示一般性的、抽象的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)(2)it作形式主語的常用句式:?Livinginthecitybringshimlotsofjobopportunities.住在城市給他帶來很多工作機(jī)會(huì)。?Jack'ssuddendisappearingmadethemworried.杰克的突然失蹤使他們擔(dān)憂。?It'snogoodworryingaboutitnow.現(xiàn)在為此發(fā)愁是沒用的。知識(shí)2非謂語動(dòng)詞作表語1.不定式作表語不定式在系動(dòng)詞后作表語,可表示主語的內(nèi)容、將來的動(dòng)作、命令、建議、事態(tài)發(fā)展的結(jié)果等。?Hisjobistowritereportsforthenewspaper.他的工作是為報(bào)紙寫報(bào)道。?Theproblemremainstobeunsettled.問題還沒有解決。【特別提醒】下列情況下不定式作表語可以省略to:1.主語是all(其后有that引導(dǎo)的定語從句)或what引導(dǎo)的從句,且從句中含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的某種形式時(shí)。?Allyouneedtodonowis(to)completetheform.你現(xiàn)在需要做的一切是把這張表填好。?WhatIwanttodomostinhighschoolis(to)improvemyEnglish.我在高中最想做的事是提高我的英語水平。2.主語是theonly/thefirst/thelast及形容詞最高級(jí)或被這些詞修飾,或主語后有定語(從句),且定語(從句)中含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的某種形式時(shí)。?Thefirstthingtodonowis(to)keephercalm.現(xiàn)在首要做的事是讓她保持平靜。2.動(dòng)詞-ing作表語(1)動(dòng)名詞作表語時(shí)相當(dāng)于名詞,用于解釋主語的內(nèi)容,通?？梢耘c主語互換位置。?Themostimportantthingisgivingthemagoodeducation.最重要的事是給他們良好的教育。(2)現(xiàn)在分詞作表語時(shí)相當(dāng)于形容詞,用于說明主語的性質(zhì)、特征,不可與主語互換位置。?Theresultisverydisappointing.這個(gè)結(jié)果非常令人失望。3.過去分詞作表語過去分詞作表語時(shí)位于系動(dòng)詞之后,多用于表示主語的狀態(tài)或狀況,所體現(xiàn)的是形容詞的特性。?Theshopshaveremainedshutforaweek.這些商店關(guān)門一周了。【特別提醒】過去分詞作表語時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語所處的狀態(tài);動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)則表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。?Thecupisbroken.杯子破了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)杯子"破了"的狀態(tài))?ThecupwasbrokenbyJim.杯子被吉姆打破了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)"打破"這一動(dòng)作)1.非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語時(shí),其邏輯主語通常要與句子的主語保持一致。?環(huán)顧四周,我發(fā)現(xiàn)附近沒有人?！菊縇ookingaround,Ifoundtherewasnoonenearby.【誤】Lookingaround,therewasnoonenearby.若非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語與句子的主語不一致,則要在非謂語動(dòng)詞前加上其自身的邏輯主語,"邏輯主語(名詞/代詞)+非謂語動(dòng)詞"被稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。考生的難點(diǎn)具體形式如下:(1)名詞/代詞+動(dòng)詞-ing。動(dòng)詞-ing可有語態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。?Wintercoming,itgetscolderandcolder.冬天來了,天氣越來越冷。Themoonroseelegantlyfromthevalley,thewholemountain_______(bathe)itselfinmysteriousmoonlight.

【解析】句意:月亮從山谷里優(yōu)雅地升起,整座山沐浴在神秘的月光中。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,逗號(hào)后沒有連詞,且逗號(hào)前的句子已有謂語rose,故逗號(hào)后的內(nèi)容是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),在此作狀語,mountain與bathe之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,且不表示將來的動(dòng)作,故用動(dòng)詞-ing形式bathing。(2)名詞/代詞+過去分詞。構(gòu)成過去分詞的動(dòng)詞與名詞/代詞為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,且過去分詞表示動(dòng)作已完成。?Thetestfinished,webeganourholiday.考試結(jié)束了,我們的假期開始了。Noagreement_______(reach),therepresentativeswantedanotherroundoftalks.

【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,逗號(hào)前后兩部分之間沒有連詞,且前后主語不一致,"therepresentatives...talks"為完整的句子,故逗號(hào)前的部分為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu);且reach與其邏輯主語agreement之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞reached。(3)名詞/代詞+不定式。不定式表示將來的動(dòng)作,有語態(tài)的變化。?Thetwoboyssaidgoodbyetoeachother,onetogohomeandtheothertogotohisfriend's.兩個(gè)男孩彼此道了別,一個(gè)回家,另一個(gè)去朋友家?！咎貏e提醒】獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)除了非謂語的形式,還有以下形式:名詞/代詞+形容詞/副詞/介詞短語;with/without+名詞/代詞+賓補(bǔ)。?Hecameoutofthelibrary,(with)abookunderhisarm.他腋下夾著一本書走出了圖書館。3.有些分詞/不定式短語作狀語時(shí),它們的邏輯主語與句子的主語不一致,但并不作為語法錯(cuò)誤來處理,常作為固定用法來記憶。(1)常見的這類分詞短語有g(shù)enerally/frankly/roughly/strictlyspeaking,talkingof,speakingof,judgingfrom,takingeverythingintoconsideration,seeing/considering/given(鑒于)等。?Generallyspeaking,girlsaremoreinterestedinliteraturethanboys.一般來說,女孩比男孩對(duì)文學(xué)更感興趣。(2)常見的這類不定式短語有tobefrank/honest,tobesure,totell(you)thetruth,tomakethingsworse等。?Totellyouthetruth,it'sallGreektome.說實(shí)話,我對(duì)此一竅不通。1.動(dòng)詞-ing的形式有一般式(doing/beingdone)和完成式(havingdone/havingbeendone)。(1)一般式表示非謂語動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)作(幾乎)同時(shí)發(fā)生,可用作狀語、定語、表語和補(bǔ)語;完成式表示非謂語動(dòng)作先于謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生,通常用作狀語。(2)主動(dòng)形式表示do與其邏輯主語是主謂關(guān)系,被動(dòng)形式表示兩者是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。表示否定時(shí)直接在動(dòng)詞-ing前加not。?Hearingthegoodnews,theyburstintocheers.聽到這個(gè)好消息,他們歡呼起來。?Havingbeentrappedintraffic,hewaslateforwork.因?yàn)槎萝?他上班遲到了。?Nothavingheardfromhimforyears,IfeltsurprisedwhenIsawhiminthestreet.很多年沒有收到他的信,所以在街上看到他時(shí)我感到意外。2.過去分詞的形式只有done,可作定語、狀語、表語和補(bǔ)語,既可表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系又可表示動(dòng)作已完成。?Trappedinthecaveforthreedays,hebegantofeeldesperate.被困在山洞里三天,他開始感到絕望了。TsinghuaUniversity,______(found)in1911,isoneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.

【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處用非謂語動(dòng)詞作后置定語,且found(建立)與其邏輯主語TsinghuaUniversity為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故填其過去分詞形式,表示被動(dòng)和動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。故填founded。3.不定式的形式有一般式(todo/tobedone)、進(jìn)行式(tobedoing)和完成式(tohavedone/tohavebeendone)。不定式可作定語、主語、表語、賓語、狀語和補(bǔ)語。表示否定時(shí)在不定式符號(hào)to前面加not或never即可。?HeissaidtohaveleftShanghai.(=ItissaidthathehasleftShanghai.)據(jù)說他已經(jīng)離開上海了。?Wedecidednottobuythathouse.我們決定不買那個(gè)房子了。五、考法解題能力提升命題透視非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語是高考常考點(diǎn):作介詞賓語時(shí)常用動(dòng)詞-ing,作動(dòng)詞賓語時(shí)可用動(dòng)詞-ing也可用不定式。方法點(diǎn)撥1.判定"謂語與非謂語"分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),判斷所給提示詞是否充當(dāng)句子的謂語,如果句子不缺少謂語,就用非謂語動(dòng)詞。2.確定非謂語動(dòng)詞在句中所作成分要根據(jù)非謂語動(dòng)詞的語法功能和所給提示詞所在句的句意,確定非謂語動(dòng)詞在句中所作成分,3.非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語時(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn):(1)若空前有介詞,需用動(dòng)詞-ing形式;(2)若空前有動(dòng)詞,要考慮動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞-ing還是todo,這需要考生結(jié)合動(dòng)詞的具體用法牢記后接動(dòng)詞-ing或todo作賓語的動(dòng)詞(短語)。尤其要注意一些既可接todo又可接動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語的動(dòng)詞(短語),需根據(jù)具體語境來選擇適當(dāng)?shù)姆侵^語形式;(3)重視一些短語或結(jié)構(gòu)后容易忽略接動(dòng)詞-ing的情況。動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語中的"【特別提醒】"A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded"WomanOfTheYear"for_______(be)Britain'soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.

【解析】句意:一位90歲的老人被授予"年度女性獎(jiǎng)",因?yàn)樗怯?guó)年齡最大的全職員工——(目前)仍然每周工作40個(gè)小時(shí)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處作介詞for的賓語,應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。故填being。Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,_______(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.

【解析】句意:這包括掘開道路,鋪設(shè)軌道,然后在頂端建造一個(gè)結(jié)實(shí)的頂。設(shè)空處與diggingup和building并列,共同作included的賓語,形式應(yīng)保持一致,故應(yīng)用所給詞的-ing形式。又lay與thetrack為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故填laying?？挤偨Y(jié)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞;設(shè)空處與diggingup和building并列,三者都作included的賓語,由此可判斷此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式?？吹教崾驹~lay,考生可能會(huì)聯(lián)想到lie,結(jié)合高考題的設(shè)題特點(diǎn),提示詞均是動(dòng)詞原形,故此處只要考慮lay在句中的意思及用何種非謂語形式即可。命題透視非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語是高考重點(diǎn),通?？疾槿N非謂語形式(動(dòng)詞-ing、過去分詞和動(dòng)詞不定式)作定語時(shí)的區(qū)別。方法點(diǎn)撥1.首先確定非謂語動(dòng)詞在句中作定語,對(duì)其所修飾成分起限定作用。2.判定所給動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系(主謂還是動(dòng)賓)(1)若是主謂關(guān)系,表示將來的動(dòng)作,通常用todo;不表示將來的動(dòng)作,通常用動(dòng)詞-ing。(2)若是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,表示完成的動(dòng)作,通常用過去分詞;表示將來的動(dòng)作,通常用tobedone。牢記一些用動(dòng)詞不定式作定語的標(biāo)志性詞。動(dòng)詞不定式作定語中的第2條和第3條EarthDay,_______(mark)on22April,isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.

【解析】句意:地球日在4月22日慶祝,它是旨在提高公眾環(huán)保意識(shí)的年度盛事。mark在此作及物動(dòng)詞,意為"慶祝,紀(jì)念"。mark與EarthDay是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用過去分詞作定語。此處相當(dāng)于定語從句"whichismarkedon22April"。故填marked。命題透視非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語是高考常考點(diǎn),其中對(duì)不定式作目的狀語的考查居多,在未來它仍是主要考查對(duì)象;同時(shí),非謂語動(dòng)詞作伴隨狀語、時(shí)間狀語等其他狀語的情況也有涉及。1.首先確定非謂語動(dòng)詞在句中作狀語,通常是對(duì)主句進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明。2.判斷非謂語動(dòng)詞在語境中所表示的意義:(1)若表示目的,通常用todo。(2)若表示時(shí)間、伴隨、結(jié)果等其他情況,要考慮所給動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語的關(guān)系(主謂還是動(dòng)賓),且還要考慮非謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間來判斷非謂語的具體形式。3.牢記不定式作結(jié)果狀語、原因狀語的一些常用結(jié)構(gòu)或用不定式的某些固定句型。動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語中的第2、3、4條Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment,_______(allow)morepatientstobetreated.

【解析】句意:這家醫(yī)院最近得到新的醫(yī)療設(shè)備,這使更多的病人能夠得到治療。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本空應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞;動(dòng)詞allow與其邏輯主語(即逗號(hào)前的整個(gè)句子)是主謂關(guān)系,再結(jié)合語境可知,此處用動(dòng)詞-ing作結(jié)果狀語,表示自然而然的結(jié)果。故填allowing。精選考點(diǎn)題型專練1.Fredhopes________hisspokenEnglish,sohepracticesiteveryday.AimproveB.improvesC.improvingD.toimprove2..—Ihavetrouble_______thenewword.Canyouhelpme?—Sure.Youcanlookitupinthedictionary.A.understanding B.tounderstand C.understand D.understood3.You’dbetter______hardfromnowon,______youwillfailintheexam.A.work;andB.working;orC.working;andD.work;or4.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.Allofusneedafriend________.A.totalkwith B.talkingwith C.totalk5.YunnanMuseumissuchaninterestingplacethatmanykidshavefun______it.A.visitingB.tovisitC.readingD.toread6.—Whywereyouangrywithyourdaughter?—Shewasbusy______andtakingselfies(自拍)whenIwastalkingtoher.A.texting B.totext C.text D.texted7.YaoMing,abasketballgiant,_______waterpolowhenhewasyoung.A.isplayingB.usedtoplayC.isusedtoplayingD.wasplaying8.—Hello,Lucy,pleasegivemesome______onhowtoimprovemyEnglish!—You’dbetterkeep______moreEnglishbooks.A.advices;read B.advice;read C.advice;reading D.advices;reading9.Theseforeignersarepracticing_______ChineseA.tospeak B.speaking C.speak D.speaks10.Isawher______flowersinthegardenwhenIpassedby.A.towater B.water C.watering D.watered11.IliketheTVprogramTheReaderbest.Ithinkweshouldspendasmuchtimeaswecaninoursparetime.A.read B.toread C.reading D.reads12.MissChen,mydearEnglishteacher,oftenencouragesme_____thechallengesinmystudy.A.face B.faces C.facing D.toface13.Motherasksme Englisheverymorning.A.read B.toread C.reading D.notread14.—Myuncleisagainstwastinganything.—Nowonderhewouldrathertheoldbikethananewone.A.repair；tobuyB.torepair；buyC.repair；buy15.Hetookoffhisexpensivewatch______thefactthathewasrich.A.tohide B.hid C.hide D.hidden16.Theteachersoftentellus________intheriver.It’sdangerous.A.notswim B.don’tswim C.notswimming D.nottoswim17.Myparentsdon’tallowme_______TVonschoolnights.A.towatch B.watch C.watches D.watching18.Bettyisoftenseen______thelonelyoldmanwithhishousework.A.help. B.helping C.helps D.helped19.Lilyenjoys________afilmattheweekend.A.see B.tosee C.seeing20.Kidslikereadingstorieswhichcanmakethem______.A.laugh B.tolaugh C.laughing21.—Jimmy,Idon’tlikemyclassmateBob.Heissonoisy.—Oh,soheis.Butyoucannotavoid_______him.Hesitsnexttoyou.A.meet B.tomeet C.meeting D.tomeeting22.—Comeandsee!Thebabyiscrying.—Pleasedosomethingtomakehim_______.A.stopcrying B.stoptocry C.crying D.cry23._________,hehastolistentotapeseveryday.A.TolearnEnglishwell B.LearnEnglishwellC.LearningEnglishwell24.MrWukeeps_________hisstudentsthatthefuturebelongstothewell-educated.A.telling B.totell C.ordering D.toorder25.—WhereisMike?—Isawhim________withMr.Smithinthehallwayjustnow.A.totalkB.talkingC.talkedD.talks26.—Whataheavyrain!—Soitis.Iprefer________ratherthan________onsucharainyday.A.togoout,stayingathome B.stayingathome,gooutC.goingout,stayathome D.tostayathome,goout27.—HowdoyoupracticeyourspokenEnglish,Andrew?—By_______Englishwithmyclassmates.A.tospeakB.speakingC.speak

28.—HowdoyouimproveyourspokenEnglish?—Bypracticing______tomyteachersandclassmates.A.talking B.totalk C.talk29.Wearesupposed______somehouseworkwithourparentswhenwehavefreetime.A.toshare B.sharing C.shared D.share30.Heexplainedagainandagaininordertomakewhathedid________.A.understandB.understoodC.tounderstandD.understanding31.—Doyoustillremember_______thisgroupoffriendsin2013?—Yes.ButIforgetwhereI_______them.A.seeing；meetB.tosee；metC.seeing；metD.seeing；meeting32.Ourteacheroftentellsusintheriver.It'sdangerous.A.notswim B.nottoswim C.toswim D.swimming33.Thisafternoonwe’regoingtohaveanEnglishclass,remember______yourbook.A.tofinish B.tobring C.bringing34.Pleasestop________andgooutforawalk.Remember________warmclothes.A.tostudy;wearing B.studying;towearC.tostudy;towearD.studying;wearing35.—Excuseme.Doyouknow_______?—Sorry,Idon’tknow,either.A.howtocheckoutabookB.whenwilltheconcertbeginC.thatthereisabanknearhereD.howlongthemeetingwouldlast36.—MrWuhasrecommendedmanybooks.Haveyoudecided______first？—Yes.TheLittlePrince.howtoreadB.whichtoreadC.whentoreadD.wheretoread37.IttookusoneweekthisarticlebyMoYan.A.read,written B.toread,writtenC.reading,towrite D.toread,towrite38.—Jack,remember______offthelightswhen______yourbedroom.—OK,Iwon’tforget,Mom.A.turning;leavingB.toturn;leaveC.turning;leftD.toturn;leaving39.—Julia,yourmobilephoneisringing.—Waitaminute.It’sdangerous______itwhilecrossingthestreet.A.answering B.answer C.toanswer40.—Youcanonlykeepthebooksfortwoweeks,Tom.Remember________themontime.—Iwill.return B.returning C.toreturn41.（2020全國(guó)П,65）Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.

42.（2020全國(guó)Ш,69）Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.

43.（2020浙江,63）Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththeseasons,plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas,(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.

44.（2020北京,5）Ittakesthemhundredsofyears(break)down.

45.（2020天津,4）(help)uspreparefortheexam,theteachersuggestedreadingthroughournotes.

46.（2020江蘇,31）Technologicalinnovations,(combine)withgoodmarketing,willpromotethesalesoftheseproducts.

47.（2020浙江1月,57）Themedian(中位數(shù)的)ageofanAmericanin1950was30—todayitis41andisexpected(increase)to42by2050.

48.（2019全國(guó)Ι,64）Modernmethods...areexpensive(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.

49.（2019全國(guó)П,65）…shehadnoplans(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.

50.（2019全國(guó)П,68）Whenwegotacall(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.

51.（2019全國(guó)Ш,62）Onourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake(get)there.

52.（2019天津,10）Mostcollegesnowofferfirst-yearstudentsacoursespecially(design)tohelpthemsuc