答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁西藏林芝市、日喀則市2020-2021學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)考英語試題一、閱讀理解MuirWoodsandSausalitoHalfDayTourWanderthroughanancientcoastalredwoodforestandexploretheartisticbaysideonthishalf-daytourfromSanFrancisco.TravelacrosstheGoldenGateBridgetovisitMuirWoods,hometosomeoftheoldestandtallesttreesonEarth.AttheendofyourtourchoosebetweengettingdroppedoffatUnionSquareinSanFranciscoortakingtheferrybacktoSanFrancisco.YosemiteNationalParkandGiantSequoiasDayTripDiscoverthebeautyoftheSierraNevadaonthisfull-daytriptoYosemiteNationalParkfromSanFrancisco.TravelaboardacomfortablevanthroughhistoricGoldRushtownstoreachthepark,whereyou’llbeamazedbysupersizednaturalwonders.Takeahikeamongancienttrees,andenjoyseveralhourstoexplorethepark’swondersonyourown.NiagaraFallsTourEscapefromNewYorkCityandheadnorthtoseebothsidesoftheCanadianborderonthisguided,2-daytourtoNiagaraFalls.VisitNiagaraFallsonboththeAmericanandCanadiansidesandtakearideonthefamousMaidoftheMistboat.Then,ontheroadbacktoNewYorkCity,makeastoptoshopattheCrossingsPremiumOutlets,oneofthelargestoutletmallsintheUS.NapaandSonomaWineCountryTourEscapetoCalifornia’sfamouswinecountryonthisfull-daytourfromSanFrancisco.Tasteregionalvarietalsatthreedifferentwineriesincludingbothbig-nameandfamily-runestates(莊園).Learnaboutthewinemakingprocessduringguidedtours,andappreciatetheregionalculturewithastopforlunch.1．Whichtourshouldyouchooseifyouwanttodosomeshopping?A．MuirWoodsandSausalitoHalfDayTour.B．YosemiteNationalParkandGiantSequoiasDayTrip.C．NiagaraFallsTour.D．NapaandSonomaWineCountryTour.2．WhatcanyoudoonNapaandSonomaWineCountryTour?A．AppreciatesomeoftheoldestandtallesttreesonEarth.B．Enjoysupersizednaturalwonders.C．Getsomewinemakingknowledge.D．Takearideontheboat.3．Whatdoesthewriterintendtodobywritingthepassage?A．Tointroducesomeoutdooractivities.B．Tosharesometourexperiences.C．Toadvertiseforthewinecountry.D．Tocallforprotectingnaturalwonders.HanTianhengpickedupacarvingknifeattheageof6andneverputitdown.Today,the79year-oldartist,oneofChina’smostrespectedlivingmastersofsealcarving(印章雕刻),calligraphyandChinesepainting,stillrememberstheincidentthefirsttimeheheldaknifeinhishand.“Icutmythumbbadlyandwasscaredbythebloodysight,”hesaid,addingthathismotherappliedashesbecauseshecouldn’taffordtotakehimtoahospital.“Thecutleftascar,whichisstillcleartoday.”Aneyeforaneyeandbloodforblood,theincidentdidn’tsethimback.Instead,itarousedhispassionfortheancientartform.Hewasdeterminedtopursueapaththatwouldleadtoacareerinsealcarving.Hansaid.Thejourneyofartexplorationwasalittlebumpyfortheyoungmaninhispursueforexcellence,andhissealworkswereseriouslycriticizedbyafamousoldpainter.Mostwouldhavecrumbledunderthecriticism,notHan.Itmadehimevenmoredetermined.Aftersixmonths’hardwork,hevisitedthepainteragain.“Thistime,heaskedmetocarveasealforhim.Thiswaspositiveaffirmation,”Hansaid.“Praiseiscandyandcriticismismedicine.Wecanlivewithoutcandy,butcannotlivewithoutmedicinewhenill.”Hanrosetofameduringtheearly1960sfamousforbirdandinsectsealart.Han’ssealsareanessentialendingpartonthepaintingsofalonglistofwell-knownartists.“Asealforagoodpaintingislikethebuttonsforanhautecouture(高檔女子時(shí)裝).Anexperiencedtailoralwaysknowshowtochoosebuttonsthatmatchesthewholestyle.What’smore,agoodsealcarvershouldkeephisownstyle,andatthesametimegowellwiththepainting’sstyle.”hesaid.4．WhatinfluencedidtheincidenthaveonHanwhenhewassix?A．Hegotinjuredveryseriously.B．Helearnedhowtouseaknife.C．Itarousedhisinterestinsealcarving.D．Ithelpedhimlearnhowhardlifewas.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bumpy”inPara.4mean?A．Smooth B．InspiringC．Boring D．Tough6．InHan’sopinion,whatdoanexperiencedtailorandagoodsealcarvershare?A．Thehugerespecttheyearn.B．Theflexibilitytheydisplayatwork.C．Thetargetedcustomerstheyserve.D．Theeffortstheyhavetomaketosucceed.7．Inwhichsection,ofanewspaperdoesthistextmostprobablyappear?A．Education. B．Events.C．Entertainment. D．People.Ahighlevelofmethane(甲烷)gasonMarswasfoundbyNASA'sMarsexplorationvehicle.ThediscoveryisexcitingbecausethepresenceofmethanegascouldsupportthecaseforlifeonMars:NASA'sCuriosityvehiclerecentlyrecordedthelargestlevelofmethaneevermeasuredduringitsseven-yearMarsmission.Methanehasnocolororsmell.AspecialinstrumentonCuriosity'sMarsScienceLaboratoryrecordedtheincreasedgaslevel.Besidesmethane,theinstrumentcanrecordlevelsofwaterandcarbondioxide.Nearlyallthemethanegasfoundinearth'satmosphereisproducedbybiologicalactivity.Itusuallycomesfromanimalandplantlife.Butitcanalsobeformedbygeologicalprocesses,suchasinteractionsbetweenrocksandwater.ItwasnotthefirsttimeCuriosityhasfoundmethanegasintheMartianatmosphere..Aboutayearago,NASAannouncedthatCuriosityhaddiscoveredsharpseasonalincreasesinthegas.Thistime,NASAsaidthemeasuredmethanegaslevelwasclearlylargerthananyothersobservedinthepast.NASAofficialseventemporarilystoppedCuriosity'sotheractivitiestoinvestigatefurther.However,Curiosity'steamcarriedoutafollow-upmethaneexperimentthatshowedasharpdropinlevelsofthegas.TheriseandfallofthemethanegaslevelsleftNASAscientistswithmorequestionsthananswers.Thescientistsarecontinuingtostudypossiblecausesforthesuddenincrease.Curiositydoesnothaveinstrumentsthatcanexactlyidentifywhetherthesourceofthemethaneisbiologicalorgeological.Oneleadingtheoryisthatmethaneisbeingreleasedfromundergroundareascreatedbypossiblelifeformsthatdisappearedlongago.EventhoughMarshasnoactivevolcanoes,scientistsbelieveitisalsopossiblethatmethaneisbeingproducedbyreactionsinvolvingcarbonmaterialsandwater.8．WhyisthediscoveryofmethanegasonMarsexciting?A．ItwasfirstfoundonMars. B．It'sevidenceoflifeexistence.C．Itcanbeusedinfurtherstudies. D．Itprovestheexistenceofwater.9．WhatcanwelearnaboutthemethanegasonMars?A．Itiscolorlessandsmelly.B．Itismainlycreatedbyrocksandwater.C．Itisasimportantaswaterandcarbondioxide.D．Itisproducedbybiologicalorgeological,activity.10．WhatbroughtmorepuzzlestoNASA'sscientists?A．DiscoveringmethanegasseveraltimesonMars.B．Thefailureofthefollow-upmethaneexperiment.C．Havingnoexactinstrumentstoidentifymethanegas.D．SharpchangesintheamountofmethanegasonMars.11．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ExplorationsonMars B．MethaneLevelonMarsC．MethaneMysteryonMars D．TheSourcesofMethaneonMarsWhatkindofamusingactivitieswillyouparticipateinduringyourlife?Willyoubespendingyourfreetimedoingsafesportswithlittledangerorwillyoualwaysbeoneofthefirstpeopletotrythenextpopularextremeactivity?Scientistshavebeeninterestedinfindingoutwhysomepeopleseemtopreferdangerousactivities.Althoughthereareexceptions,researchershavefoundthatinmostcasesmenarelesscautiousthanwomen.Menoftentrytoimpresswomenbyprovingthattheyarecourageousandfearless,andtheyaremorelikelytotakeriskswhenwomenarewatchingthemorwhentheyarecompetingagainstothermen.Researchalsoshowsthataspeoplegetoldertheyusuallybehavemoreresponsiblyandavoidtakingunnecessaryrisks.Inaddition,whenpeopleareinstablerelationships,theyseemtobelessattractedtodaringactivities.Somepeopleseemtobemoredaringthanothers,buttherearemanydifferenttypesofrisksandsomepeopletakeonetypeofrisk,butnotanotherPsychologistshaveidentifiedanumberofcategoriesofrisk.Theseincludefinancialrisks,risksrelatedtohealthandsafety,amusingrisksandsocialrisks.Psychologistsdiscoverthatsomepeoplewilltakerisksinonearea,butnotinanother.Justifapersonenjoysbungee(蹦極)jumping,itdoesn'tmeanheorshewilltakechanceswheninvesting(投資)moneyorthathewilltellajoketoagroupofstrangers.Interestingly,researchshowsthatwomentakemoresocialrisksthanmen.Theyaremorelikelytomakecareerchangesastheygetolderandtoexpressunpopularopinionsinbusinessmeetings.Yet,attheendoftheday,thelikelihoodofparticularpeopletakingariskdependsontheirpersonalities.Ingeneral,optimisticpeoplearemorelikelytotakerisksbecausetheyfocusonthepossiblepositiveoutcomesoftheiractions.Ontheotherhand,thosewithoppositepersonalityaremuchmorelikelytoavoidtakingachance.12．Whathaveresearchersdiscoveredaboutwomen?A．Theyarealwayschangingjobs. B．Theyaregoodatdoingbusiness.C．Theyaremorewillingtotakerisks. D．Theyaremoreconservativethanmen.13．Whydomentrytoprovetheyarebrave?A．Toattractwomentowatchthem. B．Tohavefavorableeffectsonwomen.C．Toannouncerisksaretoodangerous. D．Toshowtheirstrengthtothecompetitor.14．Whatmainlydeterminewhetherpeopletakeriskspossibly?A．Thepotentialconsequences. B．Theircharacters.C．Theirproblemsoffinance. D．Thefocusesoftheirwork.15．Whatisthetextmainlytalkingabout?A．People'ssenseoftakingrisks. B．Risksatpeople'sdifferentages.C．Differenttypesofpeople'srisks. D．Risksbetweenmenandwomen.二、七選五Oneofthemosteffectiveskillsyoucanhaveinlifeispowerfulandeffectivetimemanagement.____16____Herearevitaltimemanagementtipsforgettingyourgoals.Setgoalstherightway.____17____Ifyoudon’tsetyourgoalstherightway,thenyou’lllackthepropertargets,whichwillforceyoutofallofftrack.Butwhenyousetthemtherightway,theskyisthelimit.Usepropergoalsettingmethodtohelpyouseethingsthrough.Andwhenyoudosetthosegoals,makesureyouhavepowerfuldeepdownmeaningsforwantingtoachievethem.Findagoodtimemanagementsystem.Oneofthetipsformanagingyourtimeistofindtherightsystemtoactuallydoit.Thequadrant（象限）time-managementsystemisprobablythemosteffective.____18____Thingsareeitherurgentorimportant,both,orneither.Takefrequentbreakswhenworking.Onestudysuggeststhatyoushouldworkfor52minutesandbreakfor17minutes.Youmightnothaveenoughtimetodothat.Butyoushouldtakefrequentbreaks.Ifyou’reabossworkingforyourself,thisisvital.It’seasytorunoutofenergyandnotevenknowit.____19____Maketo-dolistsintheeveningforthenextday.Everysingleeveningbeforebed,makealistforthenextday.Lookatyourgoalsandseewhatyoucandotohelpmoveyoucloser.____20____Ittakestime.Butbymakingto-dolists,you’reeffectivelysettinggoalsfortheday.Dailygoalsareeasiertoachievewhilehelpingtomoveustowardsthelongerandbiggergoals.Butthathappensbycreatingto-dolists.A．Thisdoesn’thappenovernight.B．There’sarightorwrongwaytosetgoals.C．Useyourtimewiselybyabandoningyourbadhabits.D．Youcannotreachyourgoalswithoutmanagingyourtimewell.E．Findagoodfriendwhocanhelpyousolvetheproblemoftimemanagement.F．Itdividesyouractivitiesintofourquadrantsbasedonurgencyandimportance.G．Keepyourmental,emotionalandphysicalstatesatpeaklevelsbybreakingfrequently.三、完形填空FouryearsagoRitaGaviolawasabeggarinasmallPhilippinetown.Nowsheworksasafashion___21___，starringonTVshowsand___22___manyInstagramfollowers.Itallstartedwitha(n)___23___photo.Backin2016,shewas___24___onthestreetsofLucban.Herfatherwasagarbagecollectorandhermotherahousewife.Thefamily___25___managedtoputfoodonthetable,soRitaoftenwentouttoaskfor___26___orfooddonations.OnedayaphotographerTopherBurgoshappenedtobeattractedbyher___27___beauty.Hechangedthegirl's___28___completelybypostingthephotosofherontheInternet,optionallywithasingle___29___clickofthe'upload'button.Oneofthephotosbecameahitimmediately,withpeoplepraisingher____30____ofnature.Shewasnicknamed“BadjaoGirl"and____31____severalFilipinobeautyqueens,whodidtheirbesttohelpthegirl____32____.Thenshebegantomodelforvariousclothingbrandsand____33____smallrolesinTVseries.Allthehype(炒作)aroundBadjaoGirlalsohelpedher____34____anonlineaudience,including____35____fromabroad,someofwhomhelpedherfamilyfinancially.In2018,Rita____36____aYouTubevideoshowcasingherfamily'snewhouseandthankingaloyalUSfanfor____37____theconstruction.Eventhoughthehypehas____38____,sheremainsverypopularonFilipinosocialmediathroughherownefforts.RitaisseenasproofthatCinderella-likestoriesare____39____inreal-life.InRita'scase,allittookwasaphotoandher____40____intherightplace,attherighttime.21．A．seller B．designer C．model D．guide22．A．gains B．handles C．resembles D．challenges23．A．old B．random C．big D．special24．A．running B．singing C．playing D．begging25．A．barely B．nearly C．finally D．regularly26．A．a(chǎn)ttention B．a(chǎn)dvice C．money D．work27．A．a(chǎn)rtificial B．natural C．potential D．classic28．A．name B．life C．identity D．figure29．A．cautious B．long C．silent D．light30．A．love B．virtue C．beauty D．sense31．A．a(chǎn)ttracted B．cheated C．called D．visited32．A．ontheInternet B．outofpoverty C．a(chǎn)wayfromhome D．withhereducation33．A．created B．practiced C．served D．played34．A．join B．train C．build D．organize35．A．fans B．stars C．tourists D．bosses36．A．recorded B．watched C．received D．posted37．A．starting B．reporting C．protecting D．sponsoring38．A．tookoff B．dieddown C．paidoff D．givenup39．A．ridiculous B．fantastic C．possible D．a(chǎn)ppreciative40．A．presence B．performance C．signature D．introduction四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OnDecember8,2020,ChinaandNepaljointlyannouncedthatMountQomolangma,also____41____(call)MountEverest,theworld’shighestpeak,hasreachedanewheightof8848.86meters.SirGeorgeEverest,for____42____themountainisnamed,wasthemain

surveyor

ofBritainin____43____mid-1800s.RadhanathSikdar,anIndiansurveyorandmathematician,wasthefirst____44____(realize)itwasthehighestmountainintheworld.Hecalculatedtheheightas____45____(exact)being29,000feet.Everestaddedtwofeet____46____theheightbecausehewasafraidthatpeoplewouldn’ttrustaroundnumberlike29,000.ButtheheightthatmostpeoplehavebeenusingforMountEverestcamefroma1955

survey

donebyIndia.Itputthemountain’sheightat8,848meters.FollowingahugeearthquakeinNepalin2015,severalscientistssuggested____47____(measure)themountainagain.TheybelievedthattheearthquakecouldhavemadeMountEverestslightly____48____(short).Inthelasttwoyears,somesurveyorsfromNepal____49____(make)newmeasurementsofMountEverest,usingGPSand

satellite

information.InMay,2020,Chinasentupitsownteamofsurveyorswhocalculatedthenewheight,mainlybasedonthedatafromtheBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem（BDS）entirelybuiltbyChineseengineers.Thisisanew_____50_____(achieve)inChina’shistoryofsurveyingandmapping.五、短文改錯51．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。LastSaturday,therewasanartfestivalinourschool,whichhadbeenholdingforfiveyears.Iwassoexcited,becausethiswasourfirsttimetoparticipateinit.Inthemorning,therearesomanypeoplecomingtothecampus,makethecampuslively.Thestudentsweredressedupforfestival.Iappreciatedallthepaintings,eachofthatwasdrawnbythestudents.Iwassoimpressedbythesework.Someofthemweremadewithhand,reflectingthestudents’wisdom.Thoughwewerebusilywithourstudy,butsomestudentsstillkeptontheirhobbies.Ishoulddevelopsomehobbiesaswell.六、其他應(yīng)用文52．假定你是學(xué)生會主席李華，學(xué)生會將在下周二當(dāng)天舉行“ForeignersTellChineseStories”活動，你校交換生Oliver很感興趣，來信詢問相關(guān)事宜。請你寫一封回信。要點(diǎn)如下：1.活動介紹；2.歡迎Oliver參加。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearOliver,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua參考答案：1．C2．C3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇廣告布告類短文閱讀。文章主要向讀者介紹了四個(gè)不同戶外活動。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章NiagaraFallsTour中的VisitNiagaraFallsonboththeAmericanandCanadiansidesandtakearideonthefamousMaidoftheMistboat.Then,ontheroadbacktoNewYorkCity,makeastoptoshopattheCrossingsPremiumOutlets,oneofthelargestoutletmallsintheUS.可知，在回紐約市的路上，可以在crossingPremiumOutlets停下來購物，這是美國最大的購物中心之一。故選C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章NapaandSonomaWineCountryTour中的Learnaboutthewinemakingprocessduringguidedtours,andappreciatetheregionalculturewithastopforlunch.可知，在納帕和索諾瑪葡萄酒鄉(xiāng)村之旅中，可以在導(dǎo)游的帶領(lǐng)下了解葡萄酒釀造過程。故選C。3．主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，本文是一篇廣告布告類短文閱讀。文章主要向讀者介紹了四個(gè)不同戶外活動。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】文章內(nèi)容較為簡單，文章考查到細(xì)節(jié)理解題，對此類題型，考生可以首先從問題中找到關(guān)鍵詞然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及查閱的技巧在文中迅速尋找這一細(xì)節(jié)找到后再把這一部分內(nèi)容仔細(xì)閱讀一遍，仔細(xì)比較所給選項(xiàng)與文中細(xì)節(jié)的細(xì)微區(qū)別。如小題2中選擇項(xiàng)中Getsomewinemakingknowledge與文中的Learnaboutthewinemakingprocess表達(dá)的同一個(gè)意思，這些都考生需要比較它們之間的細(xì)微區(qū)別。4．C5．D6．B7．D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了中國篆刻大師韓天衡的生平經(jīng)歷，著重講述了他年少時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)篆刻藝術(shù)時(shí)克服困難的一些事跡。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Instead,itarousedhispassionfortheancientartform.”（相反，它激發(fā)了他對這種古代藝術(shù)形式的熱情）可知，這次受傷事件不僅沒有挫敗他，反而激起了他對于篆刻藝術(shù)的熱情。故選C項(xiàng)。5．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段畫橫線后的半句話“andhissealworkswereseriouslycriticizedbyafamouspainter”（他的印章作品受到了一位著名畫家的嚴(yán)厲批評）可知，他在探索藝術(shù)的道路是充滿波折和困難的。由此推測，bumpy意思是“艱難的”。D選項(xiàng)“艱難的”符合文意。故選D項(xiàng)。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段韓的原話“Asealforagoodpaintingislikethebuttonsforanhautecouture(高檔女子時(shí)裝).Anexperiencedtailoralwaysknowshowtochoosebuttonsthatmatchesthewholestyle.”（一幅好畫的印章是很重要的，就像高級時(shí)裝的紐扣。一個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的裁縫總是知道如何選擇與整個(gè)款式相匹配的紐扣）可知，和裁縫一樣，印章的篆刻也要求與作品整體的風(fēng)格相搭配，即每一個(gè)作品都要搭配不同風(fēng)格的印章。B選項(xiàng)“他們展示在作品中的靈活性、適應(yīng)性”與文意相符。故選B項(xiàng)。7．推理判斷題。文章以“HanTianhengpickedupacarvingknifeattheageof6andneverputitdown.”（韓天衡在6歲的時(shí)候拿起一把切肉刀，一直沒有放下）這樣介紹人物的句子開門見山，且全文都圍繞韓天衡的生平經(jīng)歷展開，應(yīng)該最可能在介紹人物的版塊出現(xiàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。8．B9．D10．D11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了美國宇航局的火星探測車在火星上探測到有記錄以來大氣中的最高甲烷含量，并由此引發(fā)火星上是否存在或曾經(jīng)存在生命的一系列討論和更進(jìn)一步科學(xué)探索的新聞。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ThediscoveryisexcitingbecausethepresenceofmethanegascouldsupportthecaseforlifeonMars(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)令人興奮，因?yàn)榧淄闅怏w的存在可能支持火星上存在生命的理由)”可知，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)令人興奮的原因是甲烷氣體的存在是生命存在的證據(jù)。故選B。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Nearlyallthemethanegasfoundinearth'satmosphereisproducedbybiologicalactivity.Itusuallycomesfromanimalandplantlife.Butitcanalsobeformedbygeologicalprocesses,suchasinteractionsbetweenrocksandwater.(在地球大氣中發(fā)現(xiàn)的幾乎所有甲烷氣體都是由生物活動產(chǎn)生的。它通常來自動物和植物生命。但它也可以由地質(zhì)作用形成，比如巖石和水之間的相互作用。)”以及最后一段“Oneleadingtheoryisthatmethaneisbeingreleasedfromundergroundareascreatedbypossiblelifeformsthatdisappearedlongago.(一種主要的理論是甲烷是從地下釋放出來的，可能是由很久以前消失的生命形式產(chǎn)生的。)”可知，火星上的甲烷氣體可能是由生物或地質(zhì)活動產(chǎn)生的。故選D。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“TheriseandfallofthemethanegaslevelsleftNASAscientistswithmorequestionsthananswers.(甲烷含量的上升和下降給美國宇航局的科學(xué)家們留下了更多的問題而不是答案。)”可知，火星上甲烷氣體含量的急劇變化給美國宇航局的科學(xué)家們帶來了困惑。故選D。11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ahighlevelofmethane(甲烷)gasonMarswasfoundbyNASA'sMarsexplorationvehicle.(美國宇航局的火星探測車在火星上發(fā)現(xiàn)了高濃度的甲烷氣體。)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章報(bào)道了好奇號在火星上探測到有記錄以來大氣中的最高甲烷含量，并由此引發(fā)火星上是否存在或曾經(jīng)存在生命的一系列討論和更進(jìn)一步科學(xué)探索的新聞。所以用“MethaneMysteryonMars(火星甲烷之謎)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選C。12．D13．B14．B15．A【解析】【分析】本文是議論文。作者告訴我們?nèi)藗兊拿半U(xiǎn)意識和性別、年齡、領(lǐng)域、個(gè)性等有關(guān)。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段inmostcasesmenarelesscautiousthanwomen可知，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在大多數(shù)情況下，女性比男性更謹(jǐn)慎，更保守。故選D項(xiàng)。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Menoftentrytoimpresswomenbyprovingthattheyarecourageousandfearless可知，男性想通過證明自己勇敢給女性留下印象，從而對女性產(chǎn)生有利的影響。故選B項(xiàng)。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第6段thelikelihoodofparticularpeopletakingariskdependsontheirpersonalities可知，性格決定了人們是否可能去冒險(xiǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。15．主旨大意題。每一段的首句就是該段的主題句。本文第2段的主題是男性喜歡冒險(xiǎn)，是因?yàn)橄虢o女性留下印象；第3段主題是隨著年齡的增長，人們避免承擔(dān)不必要的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；第四段主題是人們會在不同的領(lǐng)域冒險(xiǎn)；第5段主題是女性承擔(dān)著更多的社會風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；第6段主題是人們是否可能去冒險(xiǎn)取決于他們的個(gè)性?？偨Y(jié)每一段的主題句可知，文章是關(guān)于人們的冒險(xiǎn)意識的。故選A項(xiàng)。16．D17．B18．F19．G20．A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章針對如何進(jìn)行時(shí)間管理給出了一些建議。16．前文“Oneofthemosteffectiveskillsyoucanhaveinlifeispowerfulandeffectivetimemanagement.”提到：生活中最有效的技能之一就是強(qiáng)大而有效的時(shí)間管理。后文“Herearevitaltimemanagementtipsforgettingyourgoals.”提到：以下是實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的重要時(shí)間管理技巧。D項(xiàng)（如果你不妥善安排時(shí)間，你就無法實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)。）說明了時(shí)間管理對達(dá)成目標(biāo)的重要性，承接上文時(shí)間管理這一話題，又引出下文介紹的建議。故選D項(xiàng)。17．本部分標(biāo)題是“以正確的方式設(shè)定目標(biāo)”。后文“Ifyoudon’tsetyourgoalstherightway,thenyou’lllackthepropertargets,whichwillforceyoutofallofftrack.”提到：如果你沒有正確設(shè)定目標(biāo)，那么你將缺少適當(dāng)?shù)哪繕?biāo)去引領(lǐng)你，這會導(dǎo)致你偏離目標(biāo)。B項(xiàng)（設(shè)定目標(biāo)的方式有對有錯。）呼應(yīng)標(biāo)題，說明要制定正確的目標(biāo)，故選B項(xiàng)。18．前文“Oneofthetipsformanagingyourtimeistofindtherightsystemtoactuallydoit.Thequadrant（象限）time-managementsystemisprobablythemosteffective.”提到：管理你的時(shí)間的技巧之一就是找到合適的辦法來實(shí)際執(zhí)行此操作。象限時(shí)間管理系統(tǒng)可能是最有效的。后文“Thingsareeitherurgentorimportant,both,orneither.”提到：事情要么緊急，要么重要，要么兩者兼而有之，要么都不是。F項(xiàng)（象限時(shí)間管理系統(tǒng)根據(jù)緊迫性和重要性將你的活動分為四個(gè)部分。）介紹了象限時(shí)間管理系統(tǒng)，選項(xiàng)中It指代的便是上文提到的“象限時(shí)間管理系統(tǒng)”，并且urgency和urgent是同源詞匯，important和importance是同源詞匯，因此F項(xiàng)與上下文連接通順。故選F項(xiàng)。19．前文“Onestudysuggeststhatyoushouldworkfor52minutesandbreakfor17minutes.Youmightnothaveenoughtimetodothat.Butyoushouldtakefrequentbreaks.Ifyou’reabossworkingforyourself,thisisvital.It’seasytorunoutofenergyandnotevenknowit.”提到：有一項(xiàng)研究建議你應(yīng)該在工作52分鐘后休息17分鐘。你可能沒有足夠的時(shí)間來這樣做。但是你應(yīng)該經(jīng)常休息。如果你是一個(gè)為自己工作的老板，這是至關(guān)重要的。一個(gè)人很容易耗盡了自己的精力卻不知情。根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題及其該段內(nèi)容可知休息的重要性，G項(xiàng)（經(jīng)常休息，保持精神，情緒和身體狀態(tài)處于巔峰水平。）呼應(yīng)本部分標(biāo)題，與上文連接通順。故選G項(xiàng)。20．前文“Everysingleeveningbeforebed,makealistforthenextday.Lookatyourgoalsandseewhatyoucandotohelpmoveyoucloser.”提到：睡覺前的每個(gè)晚上，請列出第二天的要做的事情的清單。查看你的目標(biāo)，看看可以做些什么來幫助你離自己的目標(biāo)更近些。后文“Ittakestime.Butbymakingto-dolists,you’reeffectivelysettinggoalsfortheday.Dailygoalsareeasiertoachievewhilehelpingtomoveustowardsthelongerandbiggergoals.Butthathappensbycreatingto-dolists.”提到：這需要時(shí)間。但是，通過制定待辦事項(xiàng)清單，你可以有效地設(shè)定下一天的目標(biāo)?！癐ttakestime.”表明實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)是需要時(shí)間的，A項(xiàng)（這不是一朝一夕的事情。）談的便是時(shí)間，因此A項(xiàng)與上下文連接通順。故選A項(xiàng)。21．C22．A23．B24．D25．A26．C27．B28．B29．D30．C31．A32．B33．D34．C35．A36．D37．D38．B39．C40．A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個(gè)叫RitaGaviola的小女孩，由乞丐到名人的故事。21．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在她是一名時(shí)裝模特，主演電視節(jié)目，并在Instagram上獲得了許多粉絲。A.seller賣者；B.designer設(shè)計(jì)者；C.model模特；D.guide向?qū)А８鶕?jù)后文“starringonTVshowsand2manyInstagramfollowers”可知，只有“模特”這一職業(yè)的描述。故選C項(xiàng)。22．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在她是一名時(shí)裝模特，主演電視節(jié)目，并在Instagram上獲得了許多粉絲。A.gains獲得，贏得；B.handles處理；C.resembles類似，像；D.challenges挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)后文“manyInstagramfollowers”可知，此處應(yīng)指“在社交謀體上獲得粉絲”。故選A項(xiàng)。23．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一切都是從一張隨意的照片開始的。A.old老的；B.random任意的，隨意的，隨機(jī)的；C.big大的；D.special特殊的。根據(jù)后文“OnedayaphotographerTopherBurgoshappenedtobeattractedbyher7beauty.Hechangedthegirl's8completelybypostingthephotosofherontheInternet,optionallywithasingle9clickofthe'upload'button.”可知，攝影師只是隨意拍了張照片傳到網(wǎng)上，Rita就走紅了。故選B項(xiàng)。24．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2016年，她在盧克班街頭乞討。A.running跑步；B.singing唱歌；C.playing玩耍；D.begging祈求。根據(jù)前文“FouryearsagoRitaGaviolawasabeggarinasmallPhilippinetown.”可知，那時(shí)，她在街頭乞討。故選D項(xiàng)。25．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這家人幾乎不能養(yǎng)活自己，所以Rita經(jīng)常出去要錢或者食物捐贈。A.barely僅僅，勉強(qiáng)，幾乎沒有；B.nearly幾乎；C.finally最后；D.regularly規(guī)律地。根據(jù)上文“Herfatherwasagarbagecollectorandhermotherahousewife.”可知Rita家里很窮，根據(jù)下文“soRitaoftenwentouttoaskfor6orfooddonations.”可知，她經(jīng)常出去討要食物，所以這家人幾乎不能養(yǎng)活自己了。故選A項(xiàng)。26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這家人幾乎不能養(yǎng)活自己，所以Rita經(jīng)常出去要錢或者食物捐贈。A.attention注意；B.advice建議；C.money錢；D.work工作。根據(jù)句意可知，Rita一家很窮，所以她經(jīng)常出去討要食物捐贈，選項(xiàng)中和食物并列的只有“錢”符合句意。故選C項(xiàng)。27．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，攝影師TopherBurgos碰巧被她的自然美所吸引。A.artificial人造的，做作的；B.natural自然的；C.potential潛在的；D.classic經(jīng)典的。根據(jù)文意以及后文“Oneofthephotosbecameahitimmediately,withpeoplepraisingher10ofnature.”可知，此處應(yīng)指“自然美”。故選B項(xiàng)。28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他把這個(gè)女孩的照片上傳到網(wǎng)上，有選擇性地輕輕點(diǎn)擊一下“上傳”按鈕，就完全改變了她的生活。A.name名字；B.life生活，人生；C.identity身份；D.figure數(shù)字。根據(jù)下一段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“Allthehype(炒作)aroundBadjaoGirlalsohelpedher14anonlineaudience,including15fromabroad,someofwhomhelpedherfamilyfinancially.”等可知，這張照片改變了她的生活。故選B項(xiàng)。29．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他把這個(gè)女孩的照片上傳到網(wǎng)上，有選擇性地點(diǎn)擊一下“上傳”按鈕，完全改變了她的生活。A.cautious謹(jǐn)慎的；B.long長的；C.silent沉默的；D.light輕輕的。這里要表達(dá)的是，對比大大的改變Rita生活這件事來說，攝影師只是輕輕的一次點(diǎn)擊而已。故選D項(xiàng)。30．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：其中一張照片立即成為熱門，人們稱贊她的自然之美。A.love愛；B.virtue美德；C.beauty美麗；D.sense感受，意識。根據(jù)上文“OnedayaphotographerTopherBurgoshappenedtobeattractedbyher7beauty.”可知，此處指人們稱贊她的自然美。故選C項(xiàng)。31．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她被昵稱為“BadjaoGirl”，吸引了幾位菲律賓選美皇后，這些皇后盡最大努力幫助她擺脫貧困，然后她開始成為各種服裝品牌的模特，并在電視劇中扮演小角色。A.attracted吸引；B.cheated欺騙；C.called稱呼，呼叫；D.visited參觀。根據(jù)后文“whodidtheirbesttohelpthegirl12.”可知，這些人開始幫助這個(gè)小女孩，是因?yàn)樗俏诉@些人。其他項(xiàng)如“欺騙；呼叫；參觀”不符合句意。故選A項(xiàng)。32．考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：她被昵稱為“BadjaoGirl”，吸引了幾位菲律賓選美皇后，這些皇后盡最大努力幫助她擺脫貧困，然后她開始成為各種服裝品牌的模特，并在電視劇中扮演小角色。A.ontheInternet在網(wǎng)上；B.outofpoverty擺脫貧困；C.awayfromhome遠(yuǎn)離家鄉(xiāng)；D.withhereducation她的受教育。根據(jù)后文“Thenshebegantomodelforvariousclothingbrandsand13smallrolesinTVseries.Allthehype(炒作)aroundBadjaoGirlalsohelpedher14anonlineaudience,including15fromabroad,someofwhomhelpedherfamilyfinancially.”可知，這里指她們幫助Rita擺脫貧困。故選B項(xiàng)。33．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她被昵稱為“BadjaoGirl”，吸引了幾位菲律賓選美皇后，這些皇后盡最大努力幫助她擺脫貧困，然后她開始成為各種服裝品牌的模特，并在電視劇中扮演小角色。A.created創(chuàng)造；B.practiced練習(xí)；C.served服務(wù)；D.played玩耍。playarolein“扮演角色”是固定搭配，符合句意。故選D項(xiàng)。34．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所有關(guān)于BadjaoGirl的炒作也幫助她建立了一個(gè)網(wǎng)上觀眾群，包括來自國外的粉絲，其中一些人在經(jīng)濟(jì)上幫助了她的家人。A.join參加；B.train訓(xùn)練；C.build建造；D.organize組織。根據(jù)后文“anonlineaudience,including…”可知，這些炒作幫助她建立了自己的觀眾群，包括……。其他項(xiàng)如“參加；訓(xùn)練；組織”均不符合句意。故選C項(xiàng)。35．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所有關(guān)于BadjaoGirl的炒作也幫助她建立了一個(gè)網(wǎng)上觀眾群，包括來自國外的粉絲，其中一些人在經(jīng)濟(jì)上幫助了她的家人。A.fans迷，粉絲；B.stars明星；C.tourists旅游者；D.bosses老板。根據(jù)前文“anonlineaudience”可知，此處指觀眾群里包括一些外國的粉絲，且下文的“thankingaloyalUSfan”也是提示。故選A項(xiàng)。36．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2018年，Rita在YouTube上發(fā)布了一個(gè)視頻，展示她家的新房子，并感謝一位忠實(shí)的美國粉絲贊助了這項(xiàng)工程。A.recorded記錄；B.watched觀察；C.received接收；D.posted發(fā)布。根據(jù)后文內(nèi)容“showcasingherfamily'snewhouseandthankingaloyalUSfanfor17theconstruction.”可知，Rita發(fā)布了一個(gè)視頻。故選D項(xiàng)。37．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2018年，Rita在YouTube上發(fā)布了一個(gè)視頻，展示她家的新房子，并感謝一位忠實(shí)的美國粉絲贊助了這項(xiàng)工程。A.starting開始；B.reporting報(bào)道；C.protecting保護(hù)；D.sponsoring資助，贊助。根據(jù)前文“anonlineaudience,inclu