專題17閱讀理解議論文狂刷20篇

基礎(chǔ)版

Passage1

Istherealinkbetweensocialmediaanddepression?DoFacebookandInstagramhavea

negativeimpactonyourmentalhealth?It'splicated.

Sometimes,lookingthroughInstagramjustmakesyoufeelbad.Youtrynottoenvyyour

friends,buttheyalwaysseemtobetravelingsomewherecool,eatingsomethingfancy,orlooking

cuteinperfecijustrolledoutofbedhair.Ontheotherhand,therearetimeswhenyoulaughatfunny

memes（表情包）,catchupwitholdfriends,andfeelhappytobelongtofunsocialmediamunities.

Clearly,socialmediaisn'tallbad.

Peopleareincreasinglysuspectingthatthere'repotentialproblemsofsocialmedia.Things

likecyberbullying（網(wǎng)上欺凌）,screenaddiction,andbeingexposedtoendlessfilteredimages（美

顏）thatmakeitimpossiblenottomakeparisonsbetweenyourselfandothersoftenmakethenews.

InJuly,abigstudycameoutinthejournalJAMAtitled“AssociationofScreenTimeand

DepressioninAdolescence.^^Thisbigheadlineseemstoconfirmwhatalotofpeoplehavebeen

saying—screentimeishorribleforyoungpeople.

Thestudyfollowedover3,800adolescentsover（buryearsaspartofadrugandalcohol

preventionprogram.Partofwhattheinvestigatorsmeasuredwastheteens'amountofscreentime,

includingtimespentonsocialmedia,aswellastheirlevelsofdepressionsymptoms.Oneoftheir

mainfindingswasthathigheramountsofsocialmediausewereassociatedwithhigherlevelsof

depression.Thatwastruebothwhentheresearchesparedbetweenpeopleandparedeachperson

againsttheirownmentalhealthovertime.

Caseclosed?Notsofast.Beforeweendthedebateonceandfbrall,let'stakeacloserlookat

thisandotherstudies.Let'saskourselves:whatexactlyistherelationshipbetweensocialmedia

useanddepression?Itturnsoutthereareseveralwarnings.

I.WhydopeoplesometimesfeelbadwhenlookingthroughInstagram?

A.Theylackcontactwitholdfriends.B.Theycantravelnowhere.

C.Theydon'tlookperfect.D.Theyfeelunbalanced.

2.WhyisthearticleinjournalJAMAmentioned?

A.Toment.B.Toprove.C.Tosuggest.D.Toexplore.

3.Whichmayagreewiththefindingsofthestudy?

A.Depressionkrelatedtosocialmedia

B.Teens'amountofscreentimeislimited.

C.Itisnoteasytotellreasonsfordepression.

D.Socialmediacontributestophysicalhealth.

4.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?

A.Howtoreducedepression?B.Doessocialmediacausedepression?

C.Shallpeoplereducescreentime?D.Whyisittimetogiveupsocialmedia?

【答案】1.D2.B3.A4.B

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。本文主要講述了關(guān)于青少年使用社交媒體與其抑郁癥之間因果關(guān)

系的一些研究調(diào)查，強(qiáng)調(diào)了其間因果關(guān)系的復(fù)雜性。

I.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Sometimes,lookingthroughInstagramjustmakesyoufeelbad.

Youtrynottoenvyyourfriends,huttheyalwaysseemtobetravelingsomewherecool,eating

somethingfancy,orlookingcuteinperfectjustrolledoutofbedhair.（有時候,瀏覽社交平臺會讓

你感覺很糟糕。你盡量不嫉妒你的朋友，但他們似乎總是去一個很酷的地方旅行，吃一些很

好吃的東西，或者擁有剛剛卷起來的完美發(fā)型看起來很可愛。廣可知，瀏覽社交網(wǎng)站看到朋

友的令人羨慕的內(nèi)容，會使自己感到心理不平衡而心情糟糕。故選D項(xiàng)。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中TnJuly,abigstudycameoutinthejournalJAMAtitled

“AssociationofScreenTimeandDepressioninAdolescence.^^Thisbigheadlineseemstoconfirm

whatalotofpeoplehavebeensaying—screentimeishorribleforyoungpeople.（今年7月，《美

國醫(yī)學(xué)會雜志》（JAMA）發(fā)表了一項(xiàng)名為《屏幕時間與青春期抑郁的關(guān)系》的大型研究。這

個大標(biāo)題似乎證實(shí)了很多人一直在說的——屏幕時間對年輕人來說是可怕的。戶可知，該文

章證實(shí)了屏幕時間對年輕人來說是可怕的，從而支持了本段論點(diǎn)：“Peopleareincreasingly

suspectthatthere'rcthepotentialproblemsofsocialmedia.（人們越來越懷疑社交媒體的潛在問

題）“，故推知，提及《美國醫(yī)學(xué)會雜志》的這篇文章是為了證明論點(diǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Oneoftheirmainfindingswasthathigheramountsofsocial

mediausewereassociatedwithhigherlevelsofdepression.（他們的主要發(fā)現(xiàn)之一是，社交媒體

使用時間越長，抑郁程度越高。）''可知，抑郁癥與社交媒體的使用有美。故選A項(xiàng)。

4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第?段”Istherealinkbetweensocialmediaanddepression?DoFacebook

andInstagramhaveanegativeimpactonyourmentalhealth?It'splicated.（社交媒體和抑郁癥之

間有聯(lián)系嗎？Facebook和Instagram對你的心理健康有負(fù)面影響嗎？它是復(fù)雜的。廣以及全

文可知，本文主要討論了美于青少年使用社交媒體與其抑郁癥之間因果關(guān)系的一些研究調(diào)查,

強(qiáng)調(diào)了其間因果關(guān)系的更雜性。B項(xiàng)“社交媒體會導(dǎo)致抑郁癥嗎？”貼合主旨要義，為最佳標(biāo)

題。故選B項(xiàng)。

Passage2

Anyimagetakenfromspaceconfirmsthatweliveonanoceanplanet.Howstrangethatwe

callourplanet“Earlh,“derivedfromaGermanicwordmeaning“Iheground,,,whenmorethan70

percentofitssurfaceiscoveredbyocean.

WeneedmorepeopleIoseethesea.Rightnow,lessthan3percentoftheoceanisconsidered

highlyprotected.Expertsurgethatatleast30percentbeprotectedtosafeguardmarine(海洋的)

ecosystems,whichinturnwillhelpprotectourhealthandwellbeing.Theoceansuppliesmore

thanhalfouroxygen,absorbscarbondioxide,regulatesourclimate,andsupportsmuchofthe

world'seconomy.Weneeditalotmorethanitneedsus.

TakeFlorida,fbrexample,oneoftheUnitedStates'recreationalhotspots.It'sborderedby

theFloridaReefTract,NorthAmerica'sonlylivingcoralbarrierreefandthethirdlargestin(he

world.Hometomorethan500speciesoffish,thereefisalsoessentialtotheSunshineState's

economy,generatinganestimated$1.1billionannuallyintourism.Thereefbuffers(保護(hù))the

coastline,too,sincehealthycoralreefsabsorb97percentofawave'senergy.Threequartersof

Florida's22millionpeoplelivealongthecoast,andtheFloridaReefTractprovidesmorethan

S650millioninbinedeconomicactivityandfloodprotection.

ANovember2022studyfromtheUniversityofMiamihasfoundthat70percentofFlorida\

coralreefsareexperiencinganetlossofreefhabitat.DirectlyfacingtheseconcernsiswhatI

meanbyseeing(hesea—thegood,thebad,(heimportant.Knowledgeispower,andwecanuseit

toinformourchoices,fromtravelingmoremindfully,toexamininghowwerunourbusinesses,to

voting.t4Noonecandoeverything,buteveryonecandosomething,“SylviaEarle,oceanographer

andNationalGeographicExploreratLarge,isfondofsaying.

Theoceanisaremarkableteacher,andit'snevertoolatetostartlearning.

5.Whatdocstheseadoforourhuman?

A.Theseachangesourclimate.

B.Theseacontrolscaibondioxideforus.

C.Theseaproducesal：theoxygenweneed.

D.Theseaprovidesecanomicalbenefitsforus.

6.Whatdoesthewritersuggest?

A.Travellingmore,learningmore.

B.Runningourbusinesscreatively.

C.Raisingawarenessofconservation.

D.Doingsomevotingbeforeactions.

7.Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom?

A.Ascientificfiction.B.Anewsreport.

C.A(raveljournal.D.Anaturalmagazine.

了不起的老師，開始了解永遠(yuǎn)不會太晚。）“可知，作者通過舉例分析，呼吁人們了解給我們

帶來健康和福祉的海洋，從而保護(hù)海洋。因此推斷B項(xiàng)"?心?意地了解海洋”為最近標(biāo)題，

故選B。

Passage3

Whatdoyouwantfromlife?Perhapsyouwanttospendmoretimewithyourfamily,orgeta

moresecurejob,orimproveyourhealth.Butwhydoyouwantthosethings?Chancesarethat

youranswerwilledowntoonething:Happiness.

Yetthereissomeevidencethattoomuchpursuitofhappinessisassociatedwithagreaterrisk

ofdepression.Modernconceptionsofhappinessareprimarilypractical,focusingonwhatwe

mightcall（hetechniquesofhappiness.Theconcernisnotwhathappinessis,butinsteadonhow

togetit.

Butmaximizingpleasureisn'ttheonlyoption.Everyhumanlife,eventhemostfortunate,is

filledwithpain.Painfulloss,painfuldisappointments,thephysicalpainofinjuiyorsickness,and

（hementalpainoflongsufferingboredom,loneliness,orsadness.Painisanunavoidable

consequenceofbeingalive.Allthegoodthingsinlifeinvolvesuffering.Writinganovel,running

amarathon,orgivingbirthallcausesufferinginpursuitofthefinal,joyousresult.

Therearcotherfactorsaswell.IntheeyesofAristotle,wcgethappinessbyexercisingour

uniquelyhumancapabilitiestothinkandreason.Butthinkingandreasoningareasmuchsocial

activitiesastheyarcindividual.Happinessrequiresothers;itisnotanemotionalstatesomuchas

itistheexcellenceoftherelationswecultivatewithotherpeople.

Buteventhatcannotguaranteehappiness.Aristotlerecognisedthatourhappinessishostage

（人質(zhì)）tofortune.Eventsbeyondanyindividual'scontrol—war,poverty,andglobal

pandemics—willoftenmakehappinessimpossible.Happinessisnotamentalstatethatcanbe

permanentlywon,butinsteadit'sapracticewhichwehone（磨練）,imperfectly,incircumstances

onlypartlyofourmaking.

Recognizingthiswillnotsecureagoodlife,butitwillavoidtheillusory（虛幻的）hopeof

permanentcontentment.Nolifeworthlivingshouldmeettheonlystandard.Instead,aimwith

Aristotletoembracethosefaultsandtoflowerinspiteofthem.

9.Wherecanyoufindnegativeeffectsoffocusingtoomuchon“happiness”?

A.Inparagraph2.B.Inparagraph3.

C.Inparagraph4.D.Inparagraph5.

10.Howdoestheauthorprovethatpainisanunavoidableresultofbeingalive?

A.Bymakingparisons.B.Byanalyzingcauses.

C.Bygivingexamples.D.Bytellingstories.

11.WhatisAristotle'sviewonhappiness?

A.Happinessisastableemotionalstate.

B.Goodpersonalrelationshipsleadtohappiness.

C.Takingpartinsocialactivitiesguaranteeshappiness.

D.Happinesspromotesindependentthinkingandreasoning.

12.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Happinessiswhathumanspursueforever.

B.Happinessliesintheprocessofpursuingit.

C.Ourpursuitofhappinessmaybeimperfect.

D.Depressionandhappinessareequallyimportant.

【答案】9.A10.C11.B12.C

【導(dǎo)語】本篇是議論文。本文對于幸福的追求究竟是什么進(jìn)行了闡述。得出的結(jié)論是：人們

對于幸福的追求并不是完美的。

9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Yetthereissomeevidencethattoomuchpursuitofhappinessis

associatedwithagreaterriskofdepression』然而，有證據(jù)表明，過度追求幸福與更大的抑郁風(fēng)

險有關(guān)）”可知，在第2段可以找到過于關(guān)注“幸?！钡呢?fù)面影響。故選A項(xiàng)。

10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一:段“Butmaximizingpleasureisn'ttheonlyoption.Everyhumanlife,

eventhemostfortunate,isfilledwithpain.Painfulloss,painfuldisappointments,thephysical

painofinjuryorsickness,andthementalpainoflongsuffcringboredom,loneliness,or

sadness.Painisanunavoidableconsequenceofbeingalive.Allthegoodthingsinlifeinvolve

suffering.Writinganovel,runningamarathon,orgivingbirthallcausesufferinginpursuitofthe

final,joyousresuk.（但是最大化快樂并不是唯一的選擇。每個人的生活，即使是最幸運(yùn)的人，

也充滿了痛苦。痛苦的損失，痛苦的失望，身體上受傷或生病的痛苦，以及長期忍受無聊、

孤獨(dú)或悲傷的精神痛苦。痛苦是活著不可避免的結(jié)果。生活中所有美好的事物都伴隨著苦難。

寫小說、跑馬拉松或生孩子，都是為了追求最終的快樂結(jié)果而痛苦的）''可知，作者通過舉例

來證明痛苦是活著不可避免的結(jié)果。故選C項(xiàng)。

11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中"IntheeyesofAristotle,wegethappinessbyexercisingour

uniquelyhumancapabilitiestothinkandreason.Butthinkingandreasoningareasmuchsocial

activitiesastheyareindividual.Happinessrequiresothers;itisnotanemotionalstatesomuch

asitistheexcellenceoftherelationswecultivatewithotherpeople.（在亞里士多德看來，我們通

過行使人類獨(dú)特的思考和推理能力來獲得幸福。但思考和推理既是個體活動，也是社會活動。

幸福需要別人;與其說它是一種情感狀態(tài)，不如說是我們與他人培養(yǎng)的良好關(guān)系）“可知，在亞

理士多德看來“幸福并不是個體的情感狀態(tài)，需要我們與他人培養(yǎng)良好的關(guān)系故選B項(xiàng)。

12.主旨大意題?？v觀全文可知，文章第一段通過設(shè)問的方式引出話題；第二段指出，現(xiàn)如

今人們過分追求幸福而產(chǎn)生的負(fù)面影響；第三至六段表明，過分追求幸福、將幸福最大化并

不會帶來真正的快樂。因此，人們對于幸福的追求并不是完美的。故選C。

Passage4

Shouldweallowmodernbuildingstobebuiltnexttoall（hebuildingsinthehistoricareaof

thecity?Inordertoanswerthisquestion,wcmustfirstexaminewhetherpeoplereallywantto

presenethehistoricfeelofanarea.Notallhistoricalbuildingsareattractive.However,theremay

beotherreasonsforexample,economic（經(jīng)濟(jì)的）reasonswhytheyshouldbepreserved.So,letus

assumethathistoricalbuildingsarebothattractiveandimportanttothemajorityofpeople.What

shouldyoudothenifanewbuildingisneeded?

Inmyview,newarchiiecturalstylescanexistperfectlywellalongsideanolderstyle.Indeed,

therearemanyexamplesinmyownhometownofTourswheremoderndesignshavebeenplaced

verysuccessfullynexttooldbuildings.Aslongasthebuildinginquestionispleasinganddoes

notdominate（影響）itssurroundingstoomuch,itoftenimprovestheattractivenessofthearea.

Itistruethatthereareexamplesofnewbuildingswhichhavespoiled（破壞）theareathey

havein.Butthesamecanbesaidofsomeoldbuildingstoo.Yetpeoplestillspeakagainstnew

buildingsinhistoricareas.Ithinkthisissimplybecausepeoplearenaturallyconservative（保守的）

anddonotlikechange.

Althoughwehavetorespectpeople'sfeelingsasfellowusersofthebuildings,Ibelievethat

itisthedutyofthearchitectandplannertomovethingsforward.Ifyoualwaysreproducedwhat

wastherebefore,wcwouldallstillbelivingincaves.Thus,Iwouldargueagainstcopying

previousarchitecturalstylesandchoosesomethingfreshanddifferent,eventhoughthatmightbe

themoreriskychoice.

13.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouthistoricalbuildingsinthefirstparagraph?

A.Mostofthemarctooexpensivetopreserve.

B.Someofthemarenotattractive.

C.Theyaremorepleasingthanmodernbuildings.

D.Theyhavenothingtodowiththehistoricviewofanarea.

14.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Weshouldreproducethesameoldbuildings.

B.Buildingsshouldnotdominatetheirsurroundings.

C.Nooneunderstandswhypeoplespeakagainstnewbuildings.

D.Someoldbuildingshavespoiled（hearea（heyarein.

15.By“movethingsfbrward”inthelastparagraph,theauthorprobablymeans.

A.destroyoldbuildings

B.putthingsinadifferentplace

C.respectpeople'sfeelingsIbrhistoricalbuildings

D.choosenewarchitecturalstyles

16.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Toexplainwhypeopledislikechange

B.Towarn（hatwecouldenduplivingincaves

C.Toarguethatmodernbuildingscanbebuiltinhistoricareas

D.Toadmithownewbuildingshaveruinedtheirsurroundings

【答案】13.B14.D15.D16.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是議論文。文章對于現(xiàn)在人們經(jīng)常討論的問題——現(xiàn)代的建筑是否應(yīng)該和占老

的歷史建筑在一起一進(jìn)行闡述，在作者看來歷史建筑應(yīng)該保存，但是我們的建筑風(fēng)格也應(yīng)

該改變，不能因?yàn)闅v史建筑破壞我們的生活。

13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Notallhistoricalbuildingsareaitractive.（并不是所有的歷史建

筑都有吸引力。）”可知，notall是部分否定的句子，說明一些歷史建筑不夠有吸引力，故選

Bo

14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Itistruethatthereareexamplesofnewbuildingswhichhave

spoiled（破壞;）theareatheyhavein.Butthesamecanbesaidofsomeoldbuildingstoo.（的確,有

一些新建筑破壞了它們所在地區(qū)的例子。但同樣的情況也適用于一些老建筑。戶可知，作者

認(rèn)為一些歷史建筑將他們生活的地方破壞了，故選D。

15.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第四段的句子“Ifyoualwaysreproducedwhatwastherebefore,wc

wouldallstillbelivingincaves.Thus,Iwouldargueagainstcopyingpreviousarchitecturalstyles

andchoosesomethingfreshanddifferent,eventhoughihalmightbe（hemoreriskychoice.（友I果

你總是復(fù)制以前的東西，我們現(xiàn)在可能還住在洞穴里。因此，我反對復(fù)制以前的架構(gòu)風(fēng)格，

而選擇一些新鮮的、不同的風(fēng)格，盡管這可能是一個更冒險的選擇。）“可知，要尊重人們對

老建筑的感情的同時，向前進(jìn),“movingthingsforward”意思、是“選擇新的建筑風(fēng)格”,故選Do

16.推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段第一句“Shouldweallowmodernbuildingstobebuilt

nexttoallthebuildingsinthehistoricareaofthecity?（我們應(yīng)該允許在城市歷史街區(qū)的所有建

筑旁邊建造現(xiàn)代建筑嗎？）“可知，作者提出問題，并對此展開論證，根據(jù)最后一段最后一句

“Thus」wouldargueagainstcopyingpreviousarchitecturalstylesandchoosesomethingfresh

anddifferent,eventhoughthatmightbethemoreriskychoice.（因止匕，我反對復(fù)制以前的架構(gòu)風(fēng)

格，而選擇一些新鮮的、不同的風(fēng)格，盡管這可能是一個更冒險的選擇。）”可知，作者得出

結(jié)論，認(rèn)為現(xiàn)代建筑可以建在歷史區(qū)域。故文章的主要B的是論證現(xiàn)代的建筑可以建在歷史

遺跡的地方。故選C。

Passage5

We'veallbeenthere.Ithasbeenalongday,thereisnothinginthefridge,cookingseems

arduousandthesolutionisobvious:takeaway.Wseasyfbrtakeawaystobeearegularhabit.At

somepoint,youhavetowonder:evenifyoudon'tlookdifferentinthemirror,isitdoingyouany

harm?

Thereissomeevidencethattoomanytakeawaysislinkedtoweightgain,buttherelationship

isn'tclear.A2022studyfoundaconnectionbetweeneatingtakeawaystylefoodinthe24hours

beforetakingthesurveyandincreasedBMIinparticipants,althoughtheresearcherswerecareful

topointoutthattheydidn'tknowwhetherfrequentlyeatingtakeawaysmadepeopleoverweight,

orwhetheroverweightpeoplefrequentlycattakeaways.Thereis,however,evidencethatsimply

livingnear(orwalkingpast)atakeawayoutletortwocanhaveanimpactonbodyweight,with

exposuretooutletsneartheworkplace,mostlikelytotemptpeople.

Butwhy?Well,takeawayfoodtendstobehighinfatandsaltingredientsthatarerelatively

cheapandtastegood,makingyoumorelikelytoreorder.Thereisalsosomeevidencethatjunk

foodcanbeaddictive,asthebinationofsalt,fatandsugarmakesithardtostopeating.

Thereisalsothenutritionalqualityoftheingredientsthemselves."Mosttakeawayscontain

highlyprocessedingredientsandadditives,nutrientpoorcarbohydratesandplentyofdeepfried

foodscookedinoilrepeatedlyheatedtohightemperatures,saysPearson.

So,whatisthemessage?Ifyoumustplacethatorder,considertheoptions:

Theworstoffendersonanymenuarelikelytobefriedfoods,oranythingcoveredin

highsugarsauces.IfyouorderChinesefood,goforsteameddumplings,grilledfishorsoup.Ifyou

aregoingforIndianfood,goheavyon(hesidedishes,likebeanandpotatocurries,whichare

oftenmoreflavourfulandhealthy.

Finally,trytocutyourconsumpiion:considerswitchingyourdailyroutes,hidethemenus,

anddeletetheappsonyourphone.

17.Whatdoestheunderlinedword'arduous'inParagraphIprobablymean?

A.AttractiveB.Troublesome

C.ConfusingD.Dull

18.Whatareresearchersstillunclearabout?

A.Thecauseandeffectrelationshipoftakeawaysandbeingoverweight

B.Whetherthereisanyconnectionbetweentakeawaysandbeingoverweight

C.Whichingredientsintakeawayfoodarethemostaddictive

D.Whethertakeawaysneartheworkplacearemorelikelytoattractpeople

19.Whichtakeawaychoicewouldthewriterconsiderleastharmful?

A.HamburgersandfriesB.Indianmaincourses

C.FriednoodlesD.Steameddumplings

20.WhichofChefollowingis(hebesttideforthepassage?

A.Takeawaysmakeyoufat

B.Aretakeawaysharmful?

C.Howtochoosethebesttakeaway

D.Howtoavoidtakeaways

【答案】17.B18.A19.D20.B

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文，文章主要就外賣是否對人身體有害進(jìn)行了討論。

17.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“Ithasbeenalongday,thereisnothinginthefridge（這是

漫長的一天，冰箱里什么都沒有）”可知，冰箱里什么都沒有，所以沒法烹飪，即烹飪很困難，

由此可推知劃線單詞“arduous”意為“困難的”，與B項(xiàng)“Troublesome（困難的）”意思一樣，故選

Bo

18.細(xì)節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)第二段中“Thereissomeevidencethattoomanytakeawaysislinkedto

weightgain,buttherelationshipisn,tclear.（有一些證據(jù)表明，吃太多的外賣與體重增加有關(guān)，

但這種關(guān)系尚不清楚）“可知，吃太多的外賣與體重增加有關(guān)之間的關(guān)系尚不清楚，即研究人

員對外賣與體重增加的因果關(guān)系尚不清楚，故選A。

19.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Theworstoffendersonanymenuarelikelytobefried

foods,oranythingcoveredinhighsugarsauces.IfyouorderChinesefood,goforsteamed

dumplings,grilledfishorsoup.IfyouaregoingforIndianfood,goheavyonihesidedishes,like

beanandpotatocurries,whicharcoftenmoreflavourfulandhealthy.（在任何菜單上危害最大的

可能是油炸食品，或任何上面澆著高糖醬汁的食物。如臭你點(diǎn)中國菜，可以點(diǎn)蒸餃、烤魚或

者湯。如果你想吃印度菜，那就多吃一些配菜，比如咖嗯豆和土豆，它們通常更加美味和健

康）”以及結(jié)合選項(xiàng)推知，作者認(rèn)為蒸餃?zhǔn)菍θ松眢w產(chǎn)生最小危害的外賣，故選D.

20.主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“Il'seasyfortakeawaystobeearegularhabit.At

somepoint,youhavetowonder:evenifyoudon'tlookdifferentinthemirror,isitdoingyouany

harm?（外賣很容易成為一種習(xí)慣。在某些時候，你不得不懷疑：即使你在鏡子里看起來沒有

什么不同，這對你有什么害處嗎？戶可知，文章主要就外賣是否對人身體有害進(jìn)行了討論。

B項(xiàng)“外賣有害嗎？”適合作文章標(biāo)題，故選B。

Passage6

Nobusinesswouldwelebeingparedtogambling.Yetihalisvvha（ishappeningtomakersof

videogames.Foryearsparentshaveplainedthattheirchildrenarc“addicted”totheirvideogames

andsmartphones.Ibday,however,evenmoredoctorsareusingtheterm.OnJanuary1thisyear.

“gamingdisorder^^—inwhichgamesareplayeduncontrollably,despitecausingharm—gained

recognitionfromtheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO).

Aregamesreallyaddictive?Psychologistshavediflerentopinions.Thosewhodon'tthinkso

saythatthisisjustanothermoralpanic.Similarwarningshavebeengivenabouttelevision,

rock'n'roll,jazz,icbooks,novelsandevencrosswordpuzzles,butitturnsoutthattheyarenotas

harmfulasexpected.

However,supportersarguethatgamedevelopershavethemotivationand(hemeanslodesign

theirproductstomakethemextremelyattractive.Foronething,thebusinessmodelhaschanged:

In(heolddays,gameswereboughtonceandforall.Butthesedays,gamesarefreeandmoneyis

earnedfrompurchasesofingamegoods,whichticsplay:imedirectlytorevenue(收益).For

another,gamemakersbinepsychologicaltheoryanddata,whichhelpsthemmaximize(he

playtime.SmartphonesandmodernvideogamemachinesusetheirpermanentInternet

connectionslosendgameplaydatabacktodevelopers.Inthiswayproductsareconstantly

adjustedtoencourageplayers'spending.Thebiggestspendersarcknownas“whales”,atermthat

originatedincasinos(賭場).

Thegamingindustryshouldrealizethat,intherealworld,ithasaproblem,andthatproblem

isgrowing.NowthatgamingaddictioneswithanofficialWHOrecognition,diagnoseswillbee

moremon.Anyway,beingputtogetherwithgamblinginthepublicmind,fairlyornot,willnotdo

theindustryanygood.

21.WhatdoweknowfromParagraph1?

A.Itisnotsuitabletoparevideogamestogambling.

B.Parentsplainabouttheirchildren'saddictiontogambling.

C.Gamingaddictionwasofficiallyrecognizedasadisease.

D.Moredoctorsarcagainsttheuseoftheterm“addicted”.

22.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“moralpanic“inParagraph2mean?

A.Unexpectedaddictioncausedbyscienceandtechnology.

B.Wrongjudgmentonhowharmfulsomethingis.

C.Troublecausedbysomeone'simmoralbehavior.

D.Anastonishingclaimoftheunexpectedpanic.

23.Whatdogamesdevelopersdotomakegamesattractive?

A.Theydon'tchargeplayersfbringamegoods.

B.Theykeepplayers5videogamemachinesupdated.

C.Theyrewardbigspenderswithauniquetitle.

D.Theyadjustproductsbasedonreceiveddata.

24.Inthelastparagraph,theauthoraimsto.

A.offerasuggestion

B.makeaprediction

C.giveawarning

D.putforwardasolution

25.Whatis(hebesttitleforthetext?

A.Addiction:AWarningtotheGamingInduslry

B.Addiction:NotaBlameonGames

C.Gaines:ANewKindofGambling

D.Gaines:TheCauseofMentalDisorder

【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.C25.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章開篇提到世衛(wèi)組織把游戲成癮列為一種疾病，就“游戲真

的會讓人上癮嗎”這個問題，介紹了心理學(xué)家們給出的不同的觀點(diǎn)，作者也對此發(fā)表了忠告。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句"OnJanuary1thisyear,*gamingdisorder,—inwhich

gamesareplayeduncontrollably,despitecausingharm—gainedrecognitionfromtheWorld

HealthOrganization（WHO）.（今年1月1日，'游戲障礙'（這?。┑玫搅耸澜缧l(wèi)生組織的認(rèn)可，

‘游戲障礙'指的是盡管會造成傷害，但仍無法控制地玩游戲）“可知，游戲上癮被權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)

WHO認(rèn)定為疾病。故選C項(xiàng)。

22.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)前一句"Aregamesreallyaddictive?Psychologistshavedifferentopinions.

（游戲真的會讓人上癮嗎？）“，劃線詞所在句“Thosewhodon'tthinksosaythatthisisjust

anothermoralpanic.（那些不這么認(rèn)為的人說，這只是又一次moralpanic。）"，其中another

指代眾多類似當(dāng)中的另外一個,根據(jù)下一句"Similarwarningshavebeengivenabouttelevision,

rock'n'roll,jazz,icbooks,novelsandevencrosswordpuzzles,butitturnsoutthattheyarenotas

hamifulasexpected.（對于電視、搖滾樂、爵士樂、漫畫書、小說，甚至是填字游戲，人們也

給出了類似的警告，但事實(shí)證明，它們并沒有人們想象的那么有害。戶可知，當(dāng)以上提及的

電視、搖滾樂等出現(xiàn)在人們視野的時候，人們都認(rèn)為它們對人類是有害的，并因此發(fā)出要抵

制這些東西的警告，但是事實(shí)證明它們沒有預(yù)想的那么有害，屬于一場虛驚，只不過是人們

的moralpanic,可表達(dá)為"道德恐慌”，與B項(xiàng)"Wrongjudgmentonhowharmfulsomethingis.

（對某物危害性的錯誤判斷。故選B項(xiàng)。

23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“However,supportersarguethatgamesdevelopershavethe

motivationandthemeanstodesigntheirproductstomakethemextremelyaltraciive.（然而，支持

者認(rèn)為，游戲開發(fā)者有動機(jī)和手段來設(shè)計(jì)他們的產(chǎn)品，使其具有極大的吸引力。）“，以及“For

another,gamesmakersbinepsychologicaltheoryanddata,whichhelpsthemmaximizethe

playtime.SmartphonesandmodernvideogamemachinesusetheirpermanentInternet

connectionstosendgameplaydatabacktodevelopers.Inthiswayproductsarcconstantly

adjustedtoencourageplayers'spending.（另一方面，游戲開發(fā)者將心理學(xué)理論和數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)合起來,

這有助于他們最大化游戲時間。智能手機(jī)和現(xiàn)代電子游戲機(jī)使用它們的永久互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接將游

戲玩法數(shù)據(jù)傳回給開發(fā)者。通過這種方式，游戲會不斷調(diào)整產(chǎn)品以鼓勵玩家消費(fèi).戶可知，

游戲開發(fā)者不但掌握游戲者心理，還實(shí)時掌握著游戲者的游戲數(shù)據(jù)，并根據(jù)這些數(shù)據(jù)對游戲

進(jìn)行調(diào)整，使游戲有新鮮感，使游戲者玩得停不下手。改選D項(xiàng)。

24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句"Thegamingindustryshouldrealizethat,inthereal

world,ithasaproblem,andthatproblemisgrowing.（游戲行業(yè)應(yīng)該意識到,在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中，它

存在一個問題，而且這個問題正在加劇。戶，以及最后一句"Anyway,beingpultogetherwith

gamblinginthepublicmind,whetheritisfairlyornot,willnotdotheindustryanygood.（無論如

何，在公眾的心目中與賭博放在一起，無論公平與否，都不會給這個行業(yè)帶來任何好處。）”

可推知，作者在最后一段中向游戲業(yè)發(fā)出了警示:在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中，游戲行業(yè)有著持續(xù)的問題，

且人們將它與賭博業(yè)相提并論，這對這個行業(yè)發(fā)展無益。故選C項(xiàng)。

25.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Today,however,evenmoredoctorsareusingtheterm.On

January1thisyear,“gamingdisorder''inwhichgamesareplayeduncontrollably,despite

causingharm—gainedrecognitionfromtheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）.（然而今天，更多

的醫(yī)生在使用這個術(shù)語。今年1月1日，‘游戲障礙’（這?。┑玫搅耸澜缧l(wèi)生組織的認(rèn)可，

'游戲障礙'指的是盡管會造成傷害，但仍無法控制地玩游戲。戶和文章最后一段“Thegaming

industryshouldrealizethat,intherealworld,ithasaproblem,andthatproblemisgrowing.Now

thatgamingaddictioneswiihanofficialWHOrecognition,diagnoseswillbeemoremon.Anyway,

beingputtogetherwithgamblinginthepublicmind,fairlyornot,willnotdotheindustryany

good.（游戲行業(yè)應(yīng)該意識到，在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中，它存在一個問題，而且這個問題正在加劇。既

然游戲成癮得到了世界衛(wèi)生組織的正式承認(rèn)，診斷將變得更加普遍。無論如何，在公眾心目

中，將賭博與公平與否放在一起，對這個行業(yè)都沒有任何好處。戶可知，文章主要講述了世

衛(wèi)組織把游戲成癮列為一種疾病，就“游戲真的會讓人上癮嗎”這個問題，介紹了心理學(xué)家們

給出的不同的觀點(diǎn)，作者也對此發(fā)表了忠告。由此可知,A項(xiàng)：Addiction:AWarningtothe

GamingIndustry（上癮：對游戲產(chǎn)業(yè)的警告）為合適的標(biāo)題。故選A。

Passage7

Eventhoughpeoplehavebeendisabledplayingsportslikerugbyandfootball,extremesports

takethewholeordeal（磨逸）tothenextlevel.Sportslikedownhillcyclingareverydangerous

becauseonewouldbegoingdownhill,overrockyordirtzones,throughforests,evenat

pot