高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1四川省綿陽市部分學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howmuchdoesthemanpayforthegum?A.20cents. B.25cents. C.45cents.【答案】A【原文】M:Howmuchforapieceofgum?W:Twenty-fivecents.M:Ionlyhavetwentycents.W:That’sOK.Hereyouare.2.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?A.Hot. B.Warm. C.Cold.【答案】C【原文】W:Haveyouheardtheweatherreport?M:Yes,theysaiditwouldbecoldtomorrow.3.Whywasthewomanlate?A.Sheforgotthetimechange.B.Shedidn’tknowthetimechange.C.Herroommatetoldherthewrongtime.【答案】B【原文】M:Whydidyoucomesolate?I’veleftamessagewithyourroommateaboutthetimechange.W:Oh,youshouldhavetoldmedirectlyforshehasaveryshortmemory.4.WhatisTRUEaboutthenewgirl?A.Sheiskind. B.Shehasblueeyes. C.Sheisshorterthantheman.【答案】A【原文】M:Haveyouseenthenewgirlinschool?She’sreallypretty.Shehaslovelylightbrowneyes.W:Well,howtallisshe?M:She’saboutfivefeet,eventallerthanme.Sheisverynicetoeveryone.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hethinksthewomanshoulddolesswork.B.Hethinksthewomanwon’tgetbetter.C.Hewantsthewomantopractice.【答案】C【原文】M:Ifyoudon’tpractice,youwon’tgetanybetter.W:Butit’sveryhardwork!M:Don’tyouwanttobethebest?第二節(jié)（共15小題海小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatisthewomancomplainingabout?A.Shevisitedfewerspots.B.Thetourtimewasshortened.C.Thebuswastoocrowded.7.Whatwillthemando?A.Makeupforthewoman’sloss.B.Apologizetothewoman.C.Lookintothematter.【答案】6.A7.C【原文】M:IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?W:Yes,Ijoinedinyourbustourthismorning.Youpromisedthejourneywilllast3hoursandwewillvisit15sightseeingspots.M:Yes,ma’am.Wepromisedthat.W:Butwejusthaveseen11sightseeingspots.M:Really?Wewilllookintothismatter.Wouldyoupleasewaitamomenthere?W:Yes.Iwillwaittoseewhattheexplanationis.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Wherewillthemanspendhisweekend?A.Inanothercity. B.Inthecenterofthecity. C.Inthecountryside.9.Whydoesthemanwanttodrivethere?A.It’scrowdedonabus. B.It’stoofaraway. C.It’scheaper.10.Howmuchwillthemanpayforrentingacarfortwodays?A.20dollars. B.40dollars. C.60dollars.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【詳析】W:Areyougoingshoppingwithyourfriendsthisweekend?M:No,Idon’twanttostayinthecenterofthecityonweekends.I’dliketogotothecountrysidefortwodaystorelaxmyself.W:That’sagreatidea.Willyougotherebybus?M:No.Itisusuallymuchcrowdedonabusonweekends.I’dliketodrivethere.W:Butyoudon’thaveacar.M:Iwanttorentacarfromarentingcompany.W:Howmuchwillyouhavetopayforthateachday?M:20dollars.W:Oh,that’snottooexpensive.M:Yes.ButIhavetopayforthepetrolmyself.Anyway,it’smoreconvenient.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Atahealthclub. B.Atanartclub. C.Atamusicclub.12.Howmanytimesdoesthemanprobablygototheclubeveryweek?A.Once. B.Threetimes. C.Fivetimes.13.Whatshouldthewomandoaccordingtotheman?A.Doexercisebeforesupper.B.Drinkenoughwaterafterexercising.C.Relaxthemusclesafterexercising.【答案】11.A12.B13.C【原文】M:Hi,Iguessit’sthefirsttimethatyou’vebeentothisclub.W:Yes.Iamnewhere.Whataboutyou?M:Ihavebeenamemberhereformorethan6months.Icomehereanddoexerciseregularly.Iwanttostayinshape.W:Whatkindofsportdoyouoftendo?M:OnMondaysandWednesdays,Irunseveralmilesonarunningmachine.OnFridays,Itakejudolessons.W:SocanyoutellmesomethingthatIshouldpayattentionto?M:Ofcourse.Don’texercisewhenyouaretoohungryortoofull.Dowarm-upbeforeyouexercise.W:Yes.Anythingelse?M:Remembertorelaxyourmusclesafterexercising.W:OK.Thankyouverymuch.M:Youarewelcome.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.WhatdoesLauralooklike?A.Shehasdarkblackhair. B.Sheistallandslim. C.Shehasgreeneyes.15.WhatisLauragoingtodonextSeptember?A.Takepartinacompetition. B.TraveltoNewZealand. C.Attenduniversity.16.Whatdoesthewomaninvitethemantodo?A.TravelaroundAfrica. B.Gotoamovietomorrow. C.StudyCreativeWritingwithher.【答案】14.A15.C16.B【原文】M:Susan,canyougivemeadescriptionaboutLaura,thenewsinger?W:She’sshortandslim,withdarkblackhairandblueeyes.M:Andwhatishercharacterlike?W:She’soutgoing,athleticandindependent.Herkindnessimpressedmegreatly.ShehasevertraveledtoNewZealandandAfrica.M:Really?That’sreallyimpressive.W:Andthat’snotall.InJanuaryshewontheNationalWritingCompetitionandnextSeptembersheisgoingtoColumbiaUniversitytostudyCreativeWriting!M:I’dlovetomeether.W:Well,we’rethinkingofgoingtothecinematomorrow.Whynotjoinus?M:Sure,that’llbegreat!聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Howlongdoestheholidaylast?A.Twodays. B.Aweek. C.Aboutamonth.18.Whatdidthespeakerdoonthefirsttwodaysofhisvacation?A.Hedidhishomework. B.Hevisitedhisfriends. C.Hewentshopping.19.Whatdidthespeakerreceiveduringtheholiday?A.Somepresents. B.Fireworks. C.Someluckymoney.20.Whenwillthespeakergobacktoschool?A.Tomorrow. B.Inthreedays. C.Nextweek.【答案】17.C18.A19.C20.B【原文】Mywinterholidayiscomingtotheend.Italmostlastsamonth,butIfeelthatIjusthaveaweekoff.Howtimeflies.Ihadawonderfulvacation.OrexactlyIhadawonderfulSpringFestival.Onthefirsttwodaysofmyvacation,Istarteddoingmyhomework,becauseIknowifIdidn’tworkonmystudynow,Icouldn’thaveagreatSpringFestivallateron.SoImadeupmymindfinishingmyhomeworkbeforetheSpringFestivalreallycomes.Howwonderfultheexpectedfestivalwas.Myhousewasfulloflaughterandhappiness.Myfamiliesandrelativesgavemesomeluckymoneyandwishedmetomakeprogressonmystudy.Ialsohungoutwithfriendsinthestreet.WhentheatmosphereofSpringFestivalwasjustfadingaway,theLanternFestivalwascoming.Afterthat,Idon’thavetoomuchholidaytimeleft.Threedayslater,Iwillgobacktoschoolformynewterm.IamsohappythatIfeelIjusthadaone-weekholiday.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AGREATVERMONTCORNMAZEComeearly,spendtheday.SelectoneofthetopmazesinAmerica.16acresoffun,newmazedesignsandsurpriseseveryyear,milesofpathways,bridges,emergencyexits,KidVillage,views,BarnyardGolf,100ofundergroundtunnels,andpettinganimals.OpenAug.lthroughearlyOct.(1404WheelockRd.,N.Danville.TEL:802-748-1399.)LINCOLNPEAKVINEYARDNamedVermont’sstarwineproducerinAmericanWine,2013.Cometotasteourwines,enjoyaglass,andwalkinthevineyard.Wemakesomethingforeveryone—drytosweet—entirelywithgrapeswegrow.(142RiverRd.,NewHaven;3milesnorthofMiddlebury.802-388-7368.)BENNINGTONMUSEUMCelebratingthecreativityofVermontacrosstimewithdiverseart,richhistoryandinnovation.ThemuseumhousesthelargestpubliccollectionofpaintingsbyfolkartistGrandmaMoses,l8thcenturypaintingsandfurniture,a1924MartinWasp.motorcar,worksbyBenningtonModernistsincludingJulesOlitski,PaulFeeleyandothers.(75MainSt,Bennington.TEL:802-447-1571.)BENNINGTONPOTTERSAVermonttraditionfor66years!Takeafreetourofthefactoryjustbehindourhome-stylestoreat324CountySt.,downtownBennington.Shopfromourfulllineoforiginaldesigndinnerware,bakeware,mugsandmore;furnishingsforthehomeandeverythingforthetable.(StoreandfactoryopenMon.—Sat.9:30am—6pm,Sun.l0am—5pm.TEL:800-205-8033.)HIDDENSPRINGSMAPLETakeafree,guidedtourofourmaplecanningroom,tasteourdifferentgradesofmaplesyrupandshopforavarietyoflocalproductsincludingmaplesyrupfromanumberoflocalfarms,giftbaskets,artsandcrafts.(23WestminsterRd.TEL:802-387-5200.)21.Whereshouldatouristgoifhewantstotrymaplesyrup?A.GREATVERMONTCORNMAZE B.LINCOLNPEAKVINEYARDC.BENNINGTONPOTTERS D.HIDDENSPRINGSMAPLE22.Whichnumberyouhavetocallifyouwanttoknowmoreaboutdinnerware?A.802-748-1399 B.800-205-8033 C.802-387-5200 D.802-388-736823.Whatwillamanchooseifheenjoysdrinking?A.Themuseumat75MainSt.,Bennington B.Thevineyard3milesnorthofMiddleburyC.Thepotterfactoryat324CountySt. D.Themazeat1404WheelockRd.N.Danville【答案】21.D22.B23.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章向游客推薦了幾個(gè)特色景點(diǎn)?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HIDDENSPRINGSMAPLE部分中“Takeafree,guidedtourofourmaplecanningroom,tasteourdifferentgradesofmaplesyrupandshopforavarietyoflocalproductsincludingmaplesyrupfromanumberoflocalfarms,giftbaskets,artsandcrafts.(在導(dǎo)游的帶領(lǐng)下，您可以免費(fèi)參觀我們的楓糖罐裝室，品嘗我們不同等級(jí)的楓糖漿，并購買各種當(dāng)?shù)禺a(chǎn)品，包括來自許多當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)場(chǎng)的楓糖漿、禮品籃、工藝品)”可知，如果游客想嘗試楓糖漿，他可以去HIDDENSPRINGSMAPLE，故選D?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BENNINGTONPOTTERS部分中“Shopfromourfulllineoforiginaldesigndinnerware,bakeware,mugsandmore;furnishingsforthehomeandeverythingforthetable.(從我們的全系列原創(chuàng)設(shè)計(jì)餐具，烘焙用具，馬克杯等；家里的家具和餐桌上的一切)”和“TEL:800-205-8033(電話：800-205-8033)”可知，如果你想了解更多關(guān)于餐具的信息，可以撥打800-205-8033，故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LINCOLNPEAKVINEYARD部分中“Cometotasteourwines,enjoyaglass,andwalkinthevineyard.Wemakesomethingforeveryone—drytosweet—entirelywithgrapeswegrow.(142RiverRd.,NewHaven;3milesnorthofMiddlebury.802-388-7368.)(來品嘗我們的葡萄酒，享受一杯，并在葡萄園散步。我們用自己種植的葡萄為每個(gè)人做一些東西——干的或甜的。(紐黑文河路142號(hào)；Middlebury以北3英里（802-388-7368）)”可知，如果喜歡喝酒可以去Middlebury以北3英里的葡萄園，故選B。BAmericanworkershavecutthenumberofhourstheyspendintheirjobssince2019,butnogrouphascutdownitstimeontheclockmorethanyoung,high-earningmenwhosejobstypicallydemandlonghours.Thetop-earning10%ofmenintheU.S.labormarketworked77fewerworkhoursin2022,onaverage,thanthoseinthesameearningsgroupin2019,accordingtoanewstudyoffederaldatabytheeconomicsdepartmentatWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis.Overthesamethree-yearperiod,thetop-earning10%ofwomencutbacktimeatworkby29hours.High-earningmeninthe25-to-39rangewhocouldbedescribedas“workaholics”werepullingback,oftenbychoice,saysYongseokShin,aprofessorwhoco-wrotethepaper.“Thesearethepeoplewhohavethatbargainingpower(議價(jià)能力),”Dr.Shinsaysmanyworkershavehadthepowerovertheiremployersinatightjobmarket.“Theyhavetheadvantagetodecidehowmanyhourstheywanttoworkwithoutworryingtoomuchabouttheirlife.”Beforethepandemic(疫情),EliAlbrecht,alawyerintheWashington,D.C.,area,saysheworkedbetween80to90hoursaweek.Now,hesaysheputsin60to70hourseachweek,sharingZoomschool(上網(wǎng)課)dutiesfortwoofhisyoungchildrenwithhiswife.Hesaysheenjoysfamilytime.Ashigh-earningworkersintheU.S.cutback,lowwageworkersincreasedtheirhours,accordingtoDr.Shin’sresearch.Thebottom-earning10%ofworkingmenworked41hoursmorein2022,onaverage,thanin2019.Womeninthelowestearninggroupliftedtheirhoursworked52hoursmorelastyearcomparedwith2019.24.Whycanhigh-earningpeoplereducetheirworkingtimeaccordingtoShin?A.Theyworryabouttheirlife. B.Theyhavetoattendschool.C.Theylikebargainingwithpeople. D.Theyhavetheabilitytobargain.25.Whatdoweknowaboutthetop-earning10%ofmen?A.Theyworked77hourseachweekin2022. B.Theyincreasedtheirworkinghoursin2019.C.Theyenjoybeingasworkaholicsatpresent. D.Theyhavecutdownmoreworkinghours.26.WhatdoweknowaboutEliAlbrecht?A.Heiscrazyaboutwork. B.HelivesinNewYork.C.Hecaresabouthisfamily. D.Heworkslongerthanbefore.27.Whichgroupofpeoplehavetoincreasetheirworkinghours?A.Thelowestearninggroup. B.Thetop-earningwomen.C.Allthelawyersanddoctors. D.Allmenwithyoungchildren.【答案】24.D25.D26.C27.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了自2019年以來，美國工人減少了他們的工作時(shí)間，但沒有一個(gè)群體比年輕的高收入男性減少的時(shí)間更多，他們的工作通常需要很長時(shí)間。文章解釋了這一現(xiàn)象背后的原因以及不同群體工作時(shí)間的差異。【24題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段““Thesearethepeoplewhohavethatbargainingpower(議價(jià)能力),”Dr.Shinsaysmanyworkershavehadthepowerovertheiremployersinatightjobmarket.“Theyhavetheadvantagetodecidehowmanyhourstheywanttoworkwithoutworryingtoomuchabouttheirlife.”(“這些人有議價(jià)能力，”申博士說，在就業(yè)市場(chǎng)吃緊的情況下，許多員工對(duì)雇主有影響力?！八麄冇幸粋€(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)，可以決定自己想工作多少小時(shí)，而不用太擔(dān)心自己的生活?！?”可知，高收入人群可以減少工作時(shí)間因?yàn)樗麄冇凶h價(jià)能力。故選D。【25題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thetop-earning10%ofmenintheU.S.labormarketworked77fewerworkhoursin2022,onaverage,thanthoseinthesameearningsgroupin2019,accordingtoanewstudyoffederaldatabytheeconomicsdepartmentatWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis.(圣路易斯華盛頓大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)系對(duì)聯(lián)邦數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)新研究顯示，2022年，美國勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)上收入最高的10%男性的平均工作時(shí)間比2019年同期減少了77個(gè)小時(shí))”可知，收入最高的10%的男性減少了更多的工作時(shí)間。故選D?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Now,hesaysheputsin60to70hourseachweek,sharingZoomschool(上網(wǎng)課)dutiesfortwoofhisyoungchildrenwithhiswife.Hesaysheenjoysfamilytime.(現(xiàn)在，他說他每周投入60到70個(gè)小時(shí)，與妻子一起為兩個(gè)年幼的孩子分擔(dān)上網(wǎng)課的職責(zé)。他說他喜歡家庭時(shí)光)”可知，伊萊·阿爾布雷希特關(guān)心他的家庭。故選C?！?7題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ashigh-earningworkersintheU.S.cutback,lowwageworkersincreasedtheirhours,accordingtoDr.Shin’sresearch.Thebottom-earning10%ofworkingmenworked41hoursmorein2022,onaverage,thanin2019.Womeninthelowestearninggroupliftedtheirhoursworked52hoursmorelastyearcomparedwith2019.(申博士的研究顯示，在美國高收入工人減少工作時(shí)間的同時(shí)，低收入工人卻增加了工作時(shí)間。2022年，收入最低的10%的男性平均比2019年多工作41個(gè)小時(shí)。與2019年相比，收入最低群體的女性去年的工作時(shí)間增加了52小時(shí))”可知，收入最低的群體需要增加工作時(shí)間。故選A。CAstronomershavetakenthefirsteverimageofablackhole,whichislocatedinadistantgalaxy(星系).Theblackholeis500milliontrillionkmawayandwasphotographedbyanetworkofeighttelescopesacrosstheworld.ItwascapturedbytheEventHorizonTelescope(EHT).TheannouncementwasmadeinWashington,Brussels,Santiago,Shanghai,TaipeiandTokyo.DetailshavebeenpublishedtodayinAstrophysicalJournalLetters.ProfHeinoFalcke,ofRadboudUniversityintheNetherlands,whoproposedtheexperiment,toldBBCNewsthattheblackholewasfoundinagalaxycalledM87.“WhatweseeislargerthanthesizeofourentireSolarSystem,”hesaid.“Ithasamass6.5billiontimesthatoftheSun.Anditisoneoftheheaviestblackholesthatwethinkexists.Itisanabsolutemonster,theheavyweightchampionofblackholesintheUniverse.”Theimageshowsanintenselybright“ringoffire”,asProfFalckedescribesit,surroundingaperfectlycirculardarkhole.Thebrighthaloiscausedbyveryheatedgasfallingintothehole.Thelightisbrighterthanallthebillionsofotherstarsinthegalaxycombined—whichiswhyitcanbeseenatsuchdistancefromEarth.Theedgeofthedarkcircleatthecenteristhepointatwhichthegasenterstheblackhole,whichisanobjectthathassuchalargegravitationalpull,notevenlightcanescape.“Itisremarkablethattheimageweobserveissosimilartothatwhichwegetfromourtheoreticalcalculations.Sofar,itlookslikeEinsteiniscorrectonceagain.”saidDrZiriYounsi,ofUniversityCollegeLondon—whoispartoftheEHTcollaboration.ChinesescientistswereinvolvedintheobservationthroughatelescopeinHawaii.Theywerealsohighlyinvolvedinfollow-updataprocessingandtheoreticalanalysis,saidShenZhiqiang,headoftheChineseAcademyofSciences’ShanghaiAstronomicalObservatoryandamemberoftheEHTinternationalteam.ShanghaiandTaipeiwereselectedastwoofthecitiestoholdnewsconferences,togetherwithWashington,Brussels,SantiagoandTokyo,arecognitionofChina’scontribution.“Inthefieldsofastronomy,radioastronomy,andspaceastrophysics,Chinahasmadeasignificantcontributiontothisglobalproject,”Falckesaid.28.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinPara.4mean?A.Sayinghellotosomebody. B.Acircleoflight.C.Nothavingmuchdistance. D.Aholeinsomething.29.WhatcanwelearnabouttheblackholefromParagraphs3and4?A.Itslargegravitationalpullissostrongthatlightcannotescape.B.Thelightofitsringisasbrightasalltheotherstarsinthegalaxy.C.Ithasamass6.5billiontimesthatoftheMoon.D.Itisoneofthelightestblackholesthatexists.30.WhichistheroleplayedbyChinesescientistsintheexperiment?A.Playinganimportantpart. B.Leadingtheexperiment.C.Justprocessingthedata. D.Startingtheexperiment.31.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ABookaboutBlackHoles B.HowEinsteinDiscoveredaBlackHoleC.HowaBlackHoleIsformed D.FirstImageofaBlackHoleTaken【答案】28.B29.A30.A31.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了天文學(xué)家拍攝到首張黑洞照片，并對(duì)黑洞和這張照片進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)說明?！?8題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Theimageshowsanintenselybright“ringoffire”,asProfFalckedescribesit,surroundingaperfectlycirculardarkhole.(這張照片顯示了一個(gè)非常明亮的“火環(huán)”，正如Falcke教授所描述的那樣，圍繞著一個(gè)完美的圓形黑洞)”和后文“iscausedbyveryheatedgasfallingintothehole(是由落入黑洞的高溫氣體造成的)”可知，照片上的黑洞邊緣有一圈明亮的光，這圈光是由落入黑洞的高溫氣體造成的。由此可知，劃線詞意思為“一圈光”。故選B。【29題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theedgeofthedarkcircleatthecenteristhepointatwhichthegasenterstheblackhole,whichisanobjectthathassuchalargegravitationalpull,notevenlightcanescape.(中心黑色圓形的邊緣就是氣體被吞入黑洞之處，這里的萬有引力非常大，甚至連光線都無法逃脫)”可知，這個(gè)黑洞的萬有引力非常大，連光線都無法逃脫。故選A?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“ChinesescientistswereinvolvedintheobservationthroughatelescopeinHawaii.Theywerealsohighlyinvolvedinfollow-updataprocessingandtheoreticalanalysis(中國科學(xué)家通過夏威夷的望遠(yuǎn)鏡參與了這次觀測(cè)。他們還高度參與了后續(xù)數(shù)據(jù)處理和理論分析)”和最后一段“Inthefieldsofastronomy,radioastronomy,andspaceastrophysics,Chinahasmadeasignificantcontributiontothisglobalproject(在天文學(xué)、射電天文學(xué)和空間天體物理學(xué)領(lǐng)域，中國為這個(gè)全球項(xiàng)目做出了重大貢獻(xiàn))”可知，在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，中國科學(xué)家發(fā)揮了重要作用。故選A?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“Astronomershavetakenthefirsteverimageofablackhole,whichislocatedinadistantgalaxy(星系).(天文學(xué)家首次拍攝到位于遙遠(yuǎn)星系的黑洞照片)”可知，文章主要介紹了天文學(xué)家拍攝到首張黑洞照片，并對(duì)黑洞和這張照片進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)說明。由此可知，D選項(xiàng)“拍攝到的首張黑洞照片”最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選D。DConfucius(孔子),afamousteacher,wasapoliticianandphilosopher(哲學(xué)家)wholivedin“SpringandAutumnPeriod”.Duringhislifetime,heplantedtheseedsforChina’scompletechangebyteachingthousandsofpeople.Today,heisthoughttobeoneoftheworld’sgreatestteachers.Confuciusgrewupinapoorfamily.Ashegrewup,Confuciusworkedtohelphismotherearnmoney.Whenhewasn’tworking,hewouldread.Hisfavoritethingtodowastolearn.Hismothersawthisanddidherbesttohelphimlearn.Oneday,richfamiliesnoticedhowsmarthewasandofferedhimjobscountingtheirmoneyandkeepingtrackoftheircrops.Confuciusdidthisuntilhewas30yearsold,buthealwayswantedtodomore.Hedidn’tlikethewayrulerstreatedtheirpeople.Hewantedtofindawaytohelppeoplewhowerelessfortunatethanhewas.Later,hefoundedthephilosophy“Confucianism”.Confucianismstatesthatbyeducatingyourself,lovingyourfamily,andrespectingtraditionyoucouldbecomeabetterperson.Confuciusbelievedapersoncouldachievethesethingsbypracticingself-discipline(自律).Fortherestofhislife,ConfuciustraveledandtaughtthepeopleofChinaaboutself-disciplineandtheimportanceofeducation.HeevenopenedChina’sfirstschoolthattaughtboththepoorandthewealthyasequals.AlthoughhebecameveryfamousamongChina’slowerclasses,therulersofChinaneveracceptedhisteachings.Eventually,hisphilosophyofself-disciplinehelpedChinauniteunderonerulerandfinallyfindpeace.Today,Confuciusiscelebratedallovertheworldforhisphilosophyofeducation,equality,andpeaceoverwar,money,andinjustice.32.WhatcanweknowaboutConfuciusfromthepassage?A.Hewasborninapoliticianfamily.B.Hewasonceafarmerguidingpeoplefarming.C.Heonceactedasamathteacher.D.Hedevotedhimselftosocialdevelopment.33.Whydidrichfamiliesgivehimjobs?A.Helikescountingmoney. B.Heenjoyedharvestingcrops.C.Hewasveryclever. D.Hedislikedrulers.34.Whichisveryimportanttokeeppeaceaccordingtotheauthor?A.Respect. B.Self-confidence. C.Self-discipline. D.Equality.35.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsConfucianism?A.Supportive(支持的). B.Doubtful(懷疑的). C.Disappointed. D.Hopeful.【答案】32.D33.C34.C35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹的是孔子的生平和他的哲學(xué)思想?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Duringhislifetime,heplantedtheseedsforChina’scompletechangebyteachingthousandsofpeople.(在他的一生中，他通過教導(dǎo)成千上萬的人，為中國的徹底改變播下了種子。)”可知，孔子致力于社會(huì)發(fā)展。故選D?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Oneday,richfamiliesnoticedhowsmarthewasandofferedhimjobscountingtheirmoneyandkeepingtrackoftheircrops.(有一天，富有的家庭注意到他是多么聰明，給他提供了數(shù)錢和跟蹤他們的莊稼的工作。)”可知，富裕家庭給他工作是因?yàn)樗浅Ｂ斆鳌９蔬xC?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Eventually,hisphilosophyofself-disciplinehelpedChinauniteunderonerulerandfinallyfindpeace.(最終，他的自律哲學(xué)幫助中國統(tǒng)一在一個(gè)統(tǒng)治者之下，并最終找到了和平。)”可知，根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)，要維護(hù)和平，自律是很重要的，故選C?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Eventually,hisphilosophyofself-disciplinehelpedChinauniteunderonerulerandfinallyfindpeace.Today,Confuciusiscelebratedallovertheworldforhisphilosophyofeducation,equality,andpeaceoverwar,money,andinjustice.(最終，他的自律哲學(xué)幫助中國統(tǒng)一在一個(gè)統(tǒng)治者之下，并最終找到了和平。今天，孔子因其教育、平等、和平而不是戰(zhàn)爭、金錢和不公正的哲學(xué)而聞名于世。)”可知，作者對(duì)儒學(xué)的態(tài)度是支持的，故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Everysummerholiday,therearealwaysmanydrowningaccidents.Especially,swimminginthewildisextremelydangerous.____36____Surprisingly,inmanydrowningaccidents,alargeproportion(比例)ofdrowningdeathsareabletoswim.Themainreasonisthatpeoplewhocan’tswimhaveafearofwaterand____37____.Butthepersonthatcanswimisotherwise.____38____andlikestoenterwater,appearingoccasionallysonervousforunusualcondition,ifnobodyrescues,accidentmayhappen.____39____Don’tmakethemistakeofthinkingthatdrowningdeathsaremostlyswimmers.Thetruthisthatthevastmajorityofaccidentaldrowningarethosewhocannotswim.Anextraskillwillgiveyouanextrachancetosaveyourselfintheeventofanaccident.Theimprovementofswimmingskillsliesinpractice.Theonlyproperplaceforpracticeisaswimmingpoolwithcoachesandambulancepeoplepresent.Goodadvicetopreventdrowning:____40____.A.Commonswimmingstrokes(泳姿)arebreaststroke,freestyle,andbackstroke.B.HeisnotafraidofwaterC.Mostaccidentshappenrightthere.D.theydon’twanttogoneardangerouswaters.E.Masterswimmingskillsandneverswiminthewild.F.However,wecannotthinklearningtoswimisuselessforthisreason.G.Swimmingisgoodforyourhealth.【答案】36.C37.D38.B39.F40.E【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了導(dǎo)致游泳發(fā)生危險(xiǎn)的原因以及游泳技能的好處?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Everysummerholiday,therearealwaysmanydrowningaccidents.Especially,swimminginthewildisextremelydangerous.(每年暑假，總有很多溺水事故。特別是，在野外游泳是非常危險(xiǎn)的)”可知，上文提到野外游泳非常危險(xiǎn)；C選項(xiàng)“Mostaccidentshappenrightthere.(大多數(shù)事故都發(fā)生在那里)”承接上文，指出大多數(shù)事故都發(fā)生在野外，符合語境；選項(xiàng)中的there指上文inthewild。故選C?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Themainreasonisthatpeoplewhocan’tswimhaveafearofwaterand(主要原因是不會(huì)游泳的人有恐水癥)”可知，上文提到不會(huì)游泳的怕水，說明這類人不會(huì)主動(dòng)靠近水域。故D選項(xiàng)“他們不想靠近危險(xiǎn)水域”符合語境，故選D?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Themainreasonisthatpeoplewhocan’tswimhaveafearofwater(主要原因是不會(huì)游泳的人有恐水癥)”、“Butthepersonthatcanswimisotherwise.(但會(huì)游泳的人則不然)”以及后文“andlikestoenterwater(喜歡進(jìn)入水里)”可知，會(huì)游泳的人喜歡進(jìn)入水里，不怕水。故B選項(xiàng)“他不怕水”符合語境，故選B。【39題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Don’tmakethemistakeofthinkingthatdrowningdeathsaremostlyswimmers.Thetruthisthatthevastmajorityofaccidentaldrowningarethosewhocannotswim.Anextraskillwillgiveyouanextrachancetosaveyourselfintheeventofanaccident.(不要錯(cuò)誤地認(rèn)為溺水死亡的大多是游泳者。事實(shí)是，絕大多數(shù)意外溺水者都是不會(huì)游泳的人。一項(xiàng)額外的技能會(huì)讓你在發(fā)生事故時(shí)有更多的機(jī)會(huì)自救)”可知，后文提到一項(xiàng)額外的技能會(huì)讓你在發(fā)生事故時(shí)有更多的機(jī)會(huì)自救，推測(cè)學(xué)習(xí)游泳并不是沒有用處的，可以自救。故F選項(xiàng)“然而，我們不能因此就認(rèn)為學(xué)游泳沒用”符合語境，故選F?！?0題詳析】設(shè)空處為文章結(jié)尾句；根據(jù)上文“Goodadvicetopreventdrowning(這是防止溺水的好建議)”可知，本句主要說明防止溺水的好建議的具體內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段“Everysummerholiday,therearealwaysmanydrowningaccidents.Especially,swimminginthewildisextremelydangerous.(每年暑假，總有很多溺水事故。特別是，在野外游泳是非常危險(xiǎn)的)”以及倒數(shù)第三段中“Thetruthisthatthevastmajorityofaccidentaldrowningarethosewhocannotswim.Anextraskillwillgiveyouanextrachancetosaveyourselfintheeventofanaccident.(事實(shí)是，絕大多數(shù)意外溺水者都是不會(huì)游泳的人。一項(xiàng)額外的技能會(huì)讓你在發(fā)生事故時(shí)有更多的機(jī)會(huì)自救。)”可知與不要在野外游泳以及學(xué)習(xí)游泳技能有關(guān)，起到總結(jié)上文的作用。故E選項(xiàng)“掌握游泳技巧，不要在野外游泳”符合語境，故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；談小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Fromthemomentmyhusbandbroughthomeaboxofsixchicksatthestartofthepandemic,ournine-year-old,Sophie,hasn’tletthemoutofhersight.She___41___themTrixie,CaptainFlintandsoonandwasvery___42___whenwewouldn’tletthemsleepinherbed.Sophietakesatleastonechickeneverywhereweletherandhasdoneincrediblethingswithher___43___.Onehotday,shewantedtotakeCaptainFlinttothe___44___.Iwasn’tsosureaboutit:Couldchickens___45___?Sophiebalancedastickonherrivertube(游泳圈)forCaptainFlinttoreston,andthetwo___46___slowlydowntheriver.Naturally,Sophie___47___achickenforHalloweenandconvincedusTrixiehadtocome.Thereactionsfromneighborswereextremely___48___.“Wait,isthata(an)___49___chickenyou’reholding?”Thechickensareteachingusaboutloveaswellaslossand___50___.Sadly,CaptainFlintfacedanunfortunate___51___afterahawkattack.Wehadachickenfuneral(葬禮),saidafewwordsaboutwhata___52___chickenshewas,andthankedherforthejoyshebroughttoourlivesbeforewe___53___her.Thechickensbroughtasmallsignofjoybacktoourlives.Inafewshortmonths,theyhavetaughtusto___54___situationswecan’tchangeandfind___55___wherewecan.Iamsograteful.41.A.named B.pictured C.learned D.taught42.A.happy B.upset C.beautiful D.honest43.A.dogs B.classmates C.chickens D.family44.A.school B.playground C.station D.river45.A.sing B.swim C.fly D.sleep46.A.moved B.jumped C.struggled D.danced47.A.dressedas B.listenedto C.laughedat D.believein48.A.angry B.friendly C.funny D.hungry49.A.ugly B.beautiful C.old D.real50.A.happiness B.sadness C.success D.advantage51.A.work B.luck C.birth D.death52.A.bad B.small C.good D.weak53.A.killed B.buried C.celebrated D.ate54.A.accept B.change C.waste D.wait55.A.truth B.cause C.secret D.joy【答案】41.A42.B43.C44.D45.B46.A47.A48.C49.D50.B51.D52.C53.B