鄒申專四模擬試題及答案

一、單項(xiàng)選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.Theterm"linguistics"referstothescientificstudyof:A.LiteratureB.LanguageC.GrammarD.DialectsAnswer:B2.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofthepassivevoice?A.Italwaysusestheauxiliaryverb"do".B.Itemphasizesthesubjectperformingtheaction.C.Itiscommonlyusedinformalwriting.D.Itisprimarilyusedinspokenlanguage.Answer:C3.Theprocessbywhichchildrenacquiretheirfirstlanguageisknownas:A.BilingualismB.LanguageAcquisitionC.DialectFormationD.LanguageEvolutionAnswer:B4.Inthesentence"Sheisreadingabook,"theword"reading"isa:A.NounB.VerbC.AdjectiveD.AdverbAnswer:B5.Thestudyofhowsoundsareproducedandperceivediscalled:A.SemanticsB.PhonologyC.SyntaxD.PragmaticsAnswer:B6.Theterm"idiom"refersto:A.AformalwayofspeakingB.AphrasewhosemeaningcannotbededucedfromtheindividualwordsC.AregionaldialectD.AgrammaticalstructureAnswer:B7.Themaindifferencebetween"there,""their,"and"they're"is:A.ThereisnodifferenceB."There"isusedforplaces,"their"ispossessive,and"they're"isacontractionof"theyare"C."Their"isusedforplaces,"there"ispossessive,and"they're"isacontractionof"thereare"D."They're"isusedforplaces,"there"ispossessive,and"their"isacontractionof"theyare"Answer:B8.Theuseoflanguageincontextisknownas:A.PragmaticsB.PhonologyC.SemanticsD.SyntaxAnswer:A9.Theterm"morpheme"refersto:A.ThesmallestunitofmeaninginalanguageB.ThesmallestunitofsoundinalanguageC.ThesmallestunitofgrammarinalanguageD.ThesmallestunitofsyntaxinalanguageAnswer:A10.Theprocessofchangingonewordformtoanotheriscalled:A.DerivationB.InflectionC.ConflationD.ConversionAnswer:B二、多項(xiàng)選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.Thebranchesoflinguisticsinclude:A.PhoneticsB.SyntaxC.SemanticsD.SociolinguisticsE.PragmaticsAnswer:A,B,C,D,E2.Thepassivevoicecanbeusedinthefollowingsituations:A.ToemphasizetheobjectB.ToavoidmentioningthesubjectC.TomakethesentencemoreformalD.TofocusontheactionE.ToindicatethetimeoftheactionAnswer:A,B,C3.Thestagesoffirstlanguageacquisitioninclude:A.babblingB.one-wordutterancesC.two-wordutterancesD.telegraphicspeechE.grammaticalmorphemedevelopmentAnswer:A,B,C,D,E4.Thefollowingareexamplesofidioms:A.BreakalegB.PieceofcakeC.UndertheweatherD.CostanarmandalegE.HitthenailontheheadAnswer:A,B,C,D,E5.Thefollowingaregrammaticalerrors:A.Theyisgoingtothestore.B.Shedon'tlikeapples.C.Thisismineandherbook.D.Hegotoschooleveryday.E.Theywereplayinginthepark.Answer:A,B,C,D6.Thefollowingareexamplesofphonologicalrules:A.AssimilationB.ElisionC.DiphthongizationD.MetathesisE.InsertionAnswer:A,B,C,D,E7.Thefollowingareexamplesofsemanticchange:A.MetaphorB.MetonymyC.GeneralizationD.SpecializationE.BleachingAnswer:A,B,C,D,E8.Thefollowingareexamplesofpragmaticfunctionsoflanguage:A.RequestB.OfferC.CommandD.WarningE.AdviceAnswer:A,B,C,D,E9.Thefollowingareexamplesofmorphologicalprocesses:A.DerivationB.InflectionC.ConflationD.ConversionE.CompoundingAnswer:A,B,C,D,E10.Thefollowingareexamplesofsyntacticstructures:A.Subject-verb-objectB.Subject-object-verbC.Object-subject-verbD.Verb-subject-objectE.Verb-object-subjectAnswer:A,B,D三、判斷題（每題2分，共10題）1.Thestudyoflanguagestructureiscalledsyntax.Answer:True2.Thepassivevoiceisalwaysmoreformalthantheactivevoice.Answer:False3.Allchildrenacquiretheirfirstlanguageinthesameway.Answer:False4.Theword"book"isanoun.Answer:True5.Phonologyisthestudyofhowsoundsareproduced.Answer:False6.Theterm"idiom"referstoagrammaticalstructure.Answer:False7.Themaindifferencebetween"there,""their,"and"they're"isthat"there"isusedforplaces.Answer:True8.Theuseoflanguageincontextiscalledpragmatics.Answer:True9.Thesmallestunitofmeaninginalanguageiscalledamorpheme.Answer:True10.Theprocessofchangingonewordformtoanotheriscalledderivation.Answer:False四、簡(jiǎn)答題（每題5分，共4題）1.Whatarethemaindifferencesbetweenphoneticsandphonology?Answer:Phoneticsisthestudyofhowsoundsareproduced,perceived,andtransmitted,whilephonologyisthestudyofhowsoundsfunctionwithinaparticularlanguage.Phoneticsfocusesonthephysicalaspectsofsounds,whereasphonologyfocusesontheabstractsoundsystemsoflanguages.2.Whatarethestagesoffirstlanguageacquisition?Answer:Thestagesoffirstlanguageacquisitionincludebabbling,one-wordutterances,two-wordutterances,telegraphicspeech,andgrammaticalmorphemedevelopment.Thesestagesrepresenttheprogressionfromnon-linguisticvocalizationstotheuseofcomplexgrammaticalstructures.3.Whatisthedifferencebetweenderivationandinflection?Answer:Derivationistheprocessofchangingonewordformtoanotherbyaddingaderivationalmorpheme,resultinginanewwordwithadifferentmeaningorgrammaticalclass.Inflection,ontheotherhand,involveschangingtheformofawordtoindicategrammaticalinformationsuchastense,number,orcase.4.Whatarethepragmaticfunctionsoflanguage?Answer:Thepragmaticfunctionsoflanguageincluderequesting,offering,commanding,warning,andgivingadvice.Thesefunctionsrefertothevariouswaysinwhichlanguageisusedtoachievespecificcommunicativegoalsinsocialcontexts.五、討論題（每題5分，共4題）1.Discusstheimportanceofunderstandingthepassivevoiceinformalwriting.Answer:Understandingthepassivevoiceisimportantinformalwritingbecauseitallowswriterstoemphasizetheobjectoractionratherthanthesubject,whichcanmakethewritingmoreconciseandobjective.Itiscommonlyusedinacademicandtechnicalwritingtofocusontheresultsorprocessesratherthantheindividualsperformingtheactions.2.Discusstheroleofidiomsinlanguageacquisitionanduse.Answer:Idiomsplayasignificantroleinlanguageacquisitionanduseastheyarefixedexpressionsthatcannotbeunderstoodfromtheindividualwords.Theyaddcolorandculturalrichnesstolanguageandareoftenusedinbothspokenandwrittencommunication.Understandingidiomsisessentialforeffectivecommunicationandcomprehension.3.Discussthechallengesoflanguageacquisitionforbilingualchildren.Answer:Bilingualchildrenfacechallengesinlanguageacquisitionastheyareexposedtotwolanguagessimultaneously.Theymayexperience