2/2寧波市2021學年第二學期期末試卷高二英語試卷選擇題部分第一部分:聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemandotodealwiththeheat?A.Removehisjacket. B.Openawindow. C.Openadoor.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:It’sveryhotinhere.DoyoumindifIopenawindow?W:ltriedthatbutthewindblewmypapersaround.Justleavethedooropen.M:Butthatwillhavethesameeffect.It’sOK.WithoutmyjacketIfeelalotcooler.2.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Drivingacar. B.Ridingabus. C.Crossingthestreet.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Wow!Watchwhatyouaredoing!Youdidn’tevenlookbeforeyousteppedoutontotheroad.W:Ohmy!Thankyouforstoppingme.Lookatthatbusdriver—he’sshakinghisheadatme.I’msosorry!3.Whatdoesthewomanprobablythinkofthecats?A.Theyareloyal. B.Theyarestubborn. C.Theyarecute.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:I’mtryingtogetmycattoeatdryfood,butshejuststaresatmewiththeeyesthatsay,“Areyoukiddingme?”W:That’showcatsare.Youcan’tmakethemdoanythingtheydon’twanttodo.4.Howdocsthegirlusuallytellthetime?A.Withawatch. B.Withaphone. C.Withacomputer.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whattimeisit?I’veforgottentoputonmywatch.W:Doyoustilluseawatchwheneveryonehasaphone?I’lltellyou...Oh，no!Mybattery’sflat.M:Nevermind.Icanturnthecomputeronandfindthetimethere.5.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Tomoveoutofherway.B.Tohelpherbookaseat.C.Toallowhertochangeseats.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,sir?CanImovealittleclosertothefront?Nobodyissittingthere.M:I’msorry,I’mafraidthoseseatshavealreadybeenreserved.Thepeoplesittingthereshouldbearrivingshortly.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。”聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatarethespeakersmostlytalkingabout?A.Catchingfish. B.Takingphotos. C.Walkingthroughthepark.7.Wheredothespeakersagreetogonext?A.Downtothebeach. B.Intotheforest. C.Uponthehill.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:Lookatthisone.Isn’titbeautiful?Ican’tbelieveitturnedoutsoclear.M:It’sprettyamazingwhenyouthinkthiswastakenonmobileequipment.W:Iknow.Youcan’teventellthedifference.M:Itookoneofaguyfishingdownbythewater.Youcanevenseethefishhecaught!W:Sowhereshouldwegonow?Wecanwalkthroughthetreesontheothersideofthelake,orhikeupthatsmallmountainabit.M:I’dliketotakesomephotosfromhigherup.Thenwecancomebackdownandgoforaswim.W:Thatsoundslikeagoodidea!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Wheredoestheconservationprobablytakeplace?A.Atahotel. B.Attheworkplace. C.Atabirthdayparty.9.Whendoesthewomanneedthemantoworkforher?A.12:00to8:00p.m.onFriday.B.9:00A.m.to5:00p.m.onSunday.C.8:00A.m.to4:00p.m.onSaturday.10.Whatagreementdothespeakerscometointheend?A.Thewomanowesthemanafavor.B.Thewomanwillpaythemanextramoney.C.Thewomanwillintroduceherfriendstotheman.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【解析】【原文】W:Brad,couldItalktoyouforaminute?M:Sure,Linda.Whatisit?W:It’smybestfriendLily’sbirthdaythisFriday,andabunchofusgirlsaregoingtostayinahotelforthenight.Iwaswonderingifyoucouldtakeashiftforme.M:Letmelookattheschedule...I’malreadyworkingfromtwelvetoeightthisFriday.W:Metoo.It’sthenextmorning’seight-to-fourshiftI’mtalkingabout.M:SoIwouldhavetoworkFridaynightandthenagainonSaturdaymorning?W:Yeah.Iknowitisalottoask,butthere’snooneelsethatcandoit.Ifyouwant,IcantakeyourSundaynine-to-five.ThatwayyoucanhaveSundayoffinstead.M:Idon’tknow.Ineedthework...W:HowaboutifIgiveyoufiftydollars?M:Youdon’thavetodothat.I’lldoit.ButthenexttimeIneedsomeonetocoveroneofmyshifts,you’llbethefirstpersonI’llask.Deal?W:Deal.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Whichtypeofrolewillthegirlcastin?A.Aleadingrole. B.Asupportingrole. C.Anon-speakingrole.12.Whatdoesthegirlworryabout?A.Heracting. B.Hersinging. C.Herlines.13.Howdoesthegirlseemtofeel?A.Unsure. B.Confident. C.Inspired.【答案】11.A12.B13.A【解析】【原文】W:Thedramateacherjustannouncedthecastforourschoolmusical.Didyouseewhatpartyouweregiven?M:Yeah.Iwascastasoneofthevillagers.Idon’tevenhaveaspeakingrole.Isawthatyouareplayingthemaincharacter.Congratulations.Areyouexcited?W:Ofcourse.ButI’mmorenervousthananythingelse.Iwanttodoagoodjob,soIhavealotthatIneedtoprepare.M:Youwillbefine.Youarethebestactressinourclass.W:Thanksforthesupport.Buttotellyouthetruth,Idon’tknowifIcandoit.M:Whatareyousoworriedabout?Isitbecauseyouhavetomemorizesomanylines?W:No,it’snotthat.It’smyvoice.I’veneversungbefore.HowwillIeverdoaswellastheactressinthemovie?M:Yeah,shewasprettyamazing,wasn’tshe?W:Don’tsaythat!You’rejustmakingmemorenervous!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Whatwasthemanprobablydoingatthebeginning?A.Readingamagazine. B.WatchingaTVshow. C.Doingsomecleaning.15.WhendidthewomanfirstuseAItoday?A.Whenshedrovehercar.B.Whenshewokeupwithheralarm.C.WhensheboughtsomethingontheInternet.16.Whatdidtheman’sparentsjustget?A.Anewcarwithspecialcameras.B.Apieceofcleaningequipment.C.Asmartphonewithnewfunctions.17.HowdoesthewomanreacttotheRoomba?A.Sheisamazed. B.Sheisamused. C.Sheisuninterested.【答案】14.A15.C16.B17.C【解析】【原文】W:Whatareyoulookingat,Mark?M:It’sareallyinterestingarticleaboutartificialintelligence.W:Oh,likerobotsthatcantalk,right?M:Well,thatisoneexample.Tellme,whatdidyoudotoday?W:IwokeuplatebecausemyphonediedandIdidn’thearmyalarm.Ishoppedonlineforabit,andthenlcamehere.M:Howdidyougethere?You’veneverbeenherebefore.W:Mycarhaditallmappedoutforme.M:So,you’veusedAlatleasttwicebeforeyoucamehere—onlineshoppingandgettingdirections.Andyou’llprobablyuseitseveralmoretimesthisweekend.W:That’sinteresting.Whyareyouinterestedinthisstuffallofasudden?M:Ijustneverrealizedhowmuchitaffectsourday-to-daylives.Plus,myparentsjustgotthis.It’scalledaRoomba.W:What’sthat?M:It’salittlehouseholdrobot.Itsucksupallthedustonthefloorsandcleansupsmallwaterspots.Doyouseehowitdidn’thitintothefridge?That’sbecauseithasacamerathattellsitwherethefridgeis.Isn’tthatcrazy?W:Notreally.Ihavethesametechnologyinmynewcar.Hey,doyouwanttoseeamovie?M:SurebutIdon’tknowwhat’splaying.w:That’sOK.I’lljustaskmywatch.Hey,Siri,whatmoviesareplayingtoday?聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18.Whoareforbiddentoenterthecastle?A.Veryyoungchildren.B.Peoplewithheartproblem.C.Anyoneovereightyyearsold.19.Whatshouldpeopledowiththeirpersonalbelongings?A.Bringthem. B.Lockthemup. C.Handthemtothestaff.20.Whatarepeopleaskedtodoattheend?A.Followtheexitsigns.B.Helpfastentheseatbelts.C.Hangthetalkingpictures.【答案】18.A19.B20.A【解析】【原文】Hello,myfriends.IamProfessorDumbledore,headmasterofHogwartsSchoolofMagic.Beforeyouenterthecastle,Imustwarnyou.Theadventureaheadisdangerousandnotsuitableeveryone.Forthisreason,childrenundertheageoffiveorsmallerthan48incheswillnotbeallowedtoenter.Wealsostronglyrecommendthatpeopleover80,especiallythosewithheartconditions,considertheserisks.However,ifyouarebraveenoughtocontinueforward,thereissomethingImustaskofyou.Inthenextroom,youwillbegivenakeytoyourownpersonalsecuritybox.Iurgeyoutoputyourvaluablesinside,suchascellphones,purses,hatsorevenglasses.Thereisarealpossibilitytheymightbelostduringouradventure,andwedon’twantthat,dowe?Next,youwillpassthroughthewindinghallwaysofthecastle.Don’tbeafraidofthetalkingpaintings.Theyarejustsomeofmycolleagues.Followtheirvoicesandyouwillendupatyourdestination.Oncethere,allowourfriendlystafftogiveyouahandwithyourseatbelts.Pleasekeepthemsecurityfastenedandyourhandsonthebarsatalltimes.Attheendofyourjourney,pleaselookoutforthegreenexitsigns,whichwillleadyoubacktoyourbelongings.Andnow,onbehalfofUniversalStudiosinHollywood,California,IwelcomeyoutoHarryPotterandtheForbiddenJourney!第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)(共10小題：每小題2.5分，滿分25分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。ASwissdesignerDidierRudolfQuarroz’sloveofChineseteaculturehasinspiredhimtodesigninnovativenewitemstobrewthetea.OuarrozdevelopedaninterestinChineseteaafterworkingataShanghai-baseddesigncompany,wherehewasbychanceengagedinateaproject.HisresearchhelpedhimdevelopadeepunderstandingofthedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternteaproducts.AndthismadehimthinkaboutdesigningitemsforforeignerstobrewChinesetea.“Ihopetodesigneasy-to-useandmoderntea-makingtoolstohelpforeignerstryChinesetraditionalteaandgivethemaninterestingexperienceinbrewingtea,”Quarrozsays.In2017,hemovedtoHangzhou,capitalofEastChina’sZhejiangprovinceandamajortea-productionbase,toexplorethepossibilitiesofapplyingWesternconceptsindesigningobjectsforChinesetea.“Iwanttofocusontheteaindustry,andHangzhouisagreatfitbecauseofthelonghistoryandprofoundcultureofteahere,”Quarrozsays.Quarrozbegantoconcentrateonthedesignofateainfuser(注射器)tomakebrewingeasierforforeigners.It’saglasscontainerwithasilicone(硅膠)lid.Allusersneedtodoistoputtheleavesinside,placeitinacupandaddhotwater.”Theinfusercanbetakenoutfromthecupeasilywithoutusers’fingersbeinghurtbythehotwater,”Quarrozsays.Hangzhouhasaboomingteaindustry,whichhasofferedtheSwissdesignermanyopportunitiestocooperatewithlocalplantationsandcompanies.“DrivenbytheloveofChinesetea,Icooperatewithlocalcompaniesandhelpthemtodevelopnewkindsofteaproducts.Also,wesometimesorganizeworkshopstointroducedifferentteastothepublic,”Quarrozsays.Hangzhoualsoenablessmoothbusinessoperations,headds.“Ingeneral,itiseasytostartabusinessinHangzhou.Andthegovernmentandagenciesareincreasingeffortstohelpandsupportyoungentrepreneurs,includingusfromforeigncountries,”headds.Quarrozsaysheplanstodesign10innovativetea-relatedproductsbycombiningChineseteaculturewithinternationalelements.21.Quarroz’snewitemshavethefollowingfeaturesEXCEPT______.A.beingdesignedbyhand B.usingWesternconceptsC.makingbrewingeasierforforeigners D.providinginterestingbrewingexperiences22.Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph4probablyreferstothe______.A.container B.infuser C.lid D.leaf23.WhatmakesHangzhouanidealplaceforQuarroztostartabusinessinChina?AQuarrozobtainedmanychancestocooperatewithstate-ownedcompanies.B.Hangzhoufeaturesanewly-builtteaindustryandhasabundantteaprojects.C.Hangzhouorganizesmanyworkshopstointroducedifferentteastothepublic.D.Quarrozcanreceivemuchhelpandsupportfromthegovernmentandagencies.24.Whattypeofwritingisthepassage?A.Abiography. B.Anewsstory.C.Atraveljournal. D.Anadvertisement.【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了熱愛中國茶的Quarroz設計發(fā)明出易于使用的現(xiàn)代泡茶工具的故事。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“In2017,hemovedtoHangzhou,capitalofEastChina’sZhejiangprovinceandamajortea-productionbase,toexplorethepossibilitiesofapplyingWesternconceptsindesigningobjectsforChinesetea.(2017年，他搬到了中國東部浙江省省會杭州，一個重要的茶葉生產(chǎn)基地，探索在中國茶葉設計對象中應用西方概念的可能性)”以及第四段“Quarrozbegantoconcentrateonthedesignofateainfusertomakebrewingeasierforforeigners.It’saglasscontainerwithasiliconelid.Allusersneedtodoistoputtheleavesinside,placeitinacupandaddhotwater.(Quarroz開始專注于設計一種茶葉注射器，讓外國人更容易沖泡。這是一個帶硅膠蓋的玻璃容器。使用者所需要做的就是把茶葉放進去，把它放在杯子里，然后加熱水)”可知，Quarroz的新產(chǎn)品應用了西方概念，使得泡茶對外國人而言更容易，并可以提供有趣的泡茶經(jīng)歷，并沒有提及這一產(chǎn)品是手工制作的。故選A項?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“Quarrozbegantoconcentrateonthedesignofateainfusertomakebrewingeasierforforeigners.It’saglasscontainerwithasiliconelid.Allusersneedtodoistoputtheleavesinside,placeitinacupandaddhotwater.(Quarroz開始專注于設計一種茶葉注射器，讓外國人更容易沖泡。這是一個帶硅膠蓋的玻璃容器。使用者所需要做的就是把茶葉放進去，把它放在杯子里，然后加熱水)”可知，使用者需要將茶葉放在注射器里，然后將其放在杯子里加熱水沖泡，所以it指代的是注射器。故選B項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““Ingeneral,itiseasytostartabusinessinHangzhou.Andthegovernmentandagenciesareincreasingeffortstohelpandsupportyoungentrepreneurs,includingusfromforeigncountries,”headds.(他補充道：“總的來說，在杭州創(chuàng)業(yè)很容易。政府和機構正在加大力度，幫助和支持年輕企業(yè)家，包括我們這些外國企業(yè)家。”)”可知，杭州成為Quarroz在中國創(chuàng)業(yè)的理想之地是由于Quarroz可以從政府和機構那里得到很多幫助和支持。故選D項。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“SwissdesignerDidierRudolfQuarroz’sloveofChineseteaculturehasinspiredhimtodesigninnovativenewitemstobrewthetea.(瑞士設計師DidierRudolfQuarroz對中國茶文化的熱愛激發(fā)了他設計創(chuàng)新茶具的靈感)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要報道了熱愛中國茶的Quarroz設計發(fā)明出易于使用的現(xiàn)代泡茶工具的故事，所以文章是一篇新聞報道。故選B項。BNothinggreatwaseverachievedwithoutenthusiasm—RalphWaldoEmersonBeingenthusiasticaboutsomethingmeansbeingexcitedaboutagivenproject.Enthusiasminvolveshavingastronginterestinthetaskathand.Ifyoudecidedtolearnanewlanguage,whichisnoteasyanyhow,youwouldhavetodedicateyourselfwholeheartedlytothecause.Anythinglesswouldresultinfailure.Whatisrealenthusiasm?Inyourpursuingsuccess,enthusiasmmeansthatyoubelievedeeplyinwhatthecompanyisdoing.Youalsobelievethatyourjobisimportantandcontributestothecause.Itmeansthatyou’rewillingtomakeeveryefforttoachievethecompany’sgoals.Realenthusiasmiswhenyouleapoutofbedinthemorningandattackyourdaywithmuchenthusiasmandenergy.Youhavegreatenthusiasmfortheworkyoudoandthepeopleyouworkwith.Thispushesyoutoimproveandbecomeabetterperson.Enthusiasmmeansthatyouarestimulatedbyyourwork,andareabletofindnewchallengesandkeepgrowingprofessionally.Furthermore,mostjobshavesomeelementsthatarelessfunandmoredifficulttocarryout.Thisiswherepassionreallycomesintoplay.Passionhelpsyougetahead.Enthusiasmaboutajoborprojectusuallytranslatesintopositiveenergy.Thatis,ifyouareexcitedaboutaproject,youwillbeanxioustogetstartedandgetresults.Themerefactoflookingforwardtoyourworkwillhelpmakeyoumoreproductiveandeffective.Youwillplanmoreeffectivelyandpaycarefulattentiontodetail.Youwillcarryoutyourplanmorecarefullyandaimforthebestresultspossible.Increaseyourenthusiasm.Mostmenaren’tborngreat—theybecomegreat.Similarly,noteveryoneistheenthusiastictypethatfallsinlovewiththeirwork.However,donotdespair.Therearewaystobecomemorepassionate.25.What’sthepurposeofquotingEmerson’ssayingatthebeginningofthepassage?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Toarousereaders’enthusiasm.C.ToillustrateEmerson’sinfluence. D.Tosummarizegreatpeople’senthusiasm.26.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsenthusiasm?A.Objective. B.Negative. C.Positive. D.Indifferent.27.Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Benefitsofenthusiasm. B.Significanceofenthusiasm.C.Goodwaystoboostpassion. D.Successstoriesofpassionatepeople.【答案】25.A26.C27.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了什么是真正的熱情，以及人們提高熱情的作用。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Nothinggreatwaseverachievedwithoutenthusiasm.(沒有熱情，就不會有偉大的成就)”結(jié)合下文介紹了什么是真正的熱情，以及人們提高熱情的作用推知，文章開頭引用愛默生的話是為了引入文章主題，介紹熱情。故選A項。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Passionhelpsyougetahead.Enthusiasmaboutajoborprojectusuallytranslatesintopositiveenergy.(熱情幫助你取得成功。對工作或項目的熱情通常轉(zhuǎn)化為正能量。)”可知，作者認為熱情可以幫助人取得成功，熱情可以轉(zhuǎn)化為正能量。由此推知，作者對于熱情的態(tài)度是積極的。故選C項?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“However,donotdespair.Therearewaystobecomemorepassionate.(然而，不要喪失信心。有很多方法可以讓你變得更有熱情)”可推知，接下來的段落可能會介紹讓你變得更有熱情的方法，即激發(fā)熱情的方法。故選C項。CDolphinsaremuchmoreintelligentthanhumanspreviouslythought.Scientistshaverecentlydiscoveredthatbottle-noseddolphinscanrecognisethemselvesinthemirror—muchlikeyouandIcan!Whenyouseeaspotonyourface,whatdoyoudo?Gotothemirrortimeandagain,andwonderwhatitisstilldoingthere.Well,thisisexactlywhattwomalebottle-noseddolphins,PresleyandTab,doaswell.So,theselovableaquaticanimalsarenotjustsailors’friends,buttheyarealsoawareoftheirbodies—almostlikehumans!AReutersnewsagencyreportinTheTelegraphsaysthatPresleyandTabstayinapoolwithreflectiveglasswallsintheNewYorkAquarium.ResearchersintheWildlifeConservationSociety’sOsbornLaboratoriesofMarineSciencenoticedthatwhenPresleyandTabsawtheirownreflections,theydidnotseemtothinkthattheywerelookingatanotherdolphin.Dolphinsareverysocialcreatures,andarefriendlywithhumansaswellastheirownkind.Thisgottheresearchersthinking.Perhapsthedolphinsrecognisedtheirownimages?Sotheydecidedtofindout.Usingnon-toxicink,theymademarksondifferentpartsofthedolphins’bodies,changingtheplaceeveryweek.Everytimetheirbodiesweremarked,thedolphinsmademoretripstothemirrorthanusual.Iftheinkmarkswereontheirtummies(肚子),theywouldexposetheirtummiestothemirrorandlookatthemforalongtime.Nowdoesn’tthatsoundfamiliar?Imaginethedolphinswondering—“Nowwheredidthatmarkcomefrom?Iwonderhowlongit’sgoingtostay?”Tillnow,onlythegreatapeslikethechimps,thegorillasandtheorangutanshavedisplayedthisqualityofrecognisingtheirimagesinthemirror.Allotheranimalshavefailedthistest.Theresearchersfeelthatthesefindingsmayincreasehumansensitivitytowardsdolphins,whicharebeinghuntedandslaughteredingreatnumbers.Dolphinfins(鰭)areconsideredasdelicaciesinseveralSouth-EastAsiancountries.28.WhichbehaviourdoesNOTshowdolphinsrecognisetheirownimagesintheexperiment?A.Exposingtheirmarkedpartstothemirror.B.Makingmoretripstothemirrorthanusual.C.Lookingatthemselvesinthemirrorforalongtime.D.Wonderingaboutthereasonsforthemarksontheirbodies.29.Theexampleofgreatapesisusedtoindicatethat______.A.dolphinsareasintelligentasgreatapesinawayB.dolphinsareasgoodatsocializingasgreatapesC.animalstendtobeawareoftheirbodiesinthemirrorD.animalscanbetrainedtorecognizetheirimagesinthemirror30.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.DolphinsintheMirror B.AnimalIntelligenceintheMirrorC.ScientificAssumptionofDolphins D.HumanSensitivityTowardsDolphins【答案】28.D29.A30.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學家最近發(fā)現(xiàn)，海豚可以像人類一樣在鏡子中認出自己?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Everytimetheirbodiesweremarked,thedolphinsmademoretripstothemirrorthanusual.Iftheinkmarkswereontheirtummies,theywouldexposetheirtummiestothemirrorandlookatthemforalongtime.(每次海豚身體被標記時，它們都會比平時更多地去看鏡子。如果墨跡印在它們的肚子上，它們會把肚子暴露在鏡子前看很長時間)”以及第五段“Imaginethedolphinswondering—“Nowwheredidthatmarkcomefrom?Iwonderhowlongit’sgoingtostay?”(想象一下海豚在想——“現(xiàn)在這個標記是從哪里來的？我想知道它會呆多久？”)”可知，將標記部分暴露在鏡子前、比平時更多地去看鏡子以及在鏡子里看著自己很長時間這些行為可以表明海豚可以識別自己的形象；然而“想知道它們身上的印記是怎么來的”是人類站在海豚的立場想象出來的，并是說明海豚能識別自己的圖像的行為。故選D項?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Tillnow,onlythegreatapeslikethechimps,thegorillasandtheorangutanshavedisplayedthisqualityofrecognisingtheirimagesinthemirror.(到目前為止，只有像黑猩猩、大猩猩和紅毛猩猩這樣的類人猿才能在鏡子中識別自己的形象)”可知，文章用類人猿的例子來說明海豚在某種程度上和類人猿一樣聰明。故選A項?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Scientistshaverecentlydiscoveredthatbottle-noseddolphinscanrecognisethemselvesinthemirror—muchlikeyouandIcan!(科學家最近發(fā)現(xiàn)，瓶鼻海豚可以在鏡子中認出自己——就像你和我一樣)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了科學家最近發(fā)現(xiàn)，海豚可以像人類一樣在鏡子中認出自己。由此可知，“鏡子中的海豚”可以作為文章標題。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Thereisalong-standingargumentinscientificcirclesoverhowtoclassifyviruses.They’realivebecausetheymultiply,havegenesandevolve.Yetthey’renotaliveastheydon’thavecellsandcan’tsurviveontheirown.Viruseshaveonemission:tofindahostanduseittoreproduce,eventuallycausingthehost’scellstoburstanddie.___31___Fortunately,asweknowagreatdealabouthowvirusesdotheirdamage,weknowhowtoavoidthem.Thesefactsareagoodplacetostart.Youcangetsomevirusesmorethanonce.There’sapopularmyththatonceyou’vehadavirus,you’renotlikelytobeaffectedagain.That’snotalwaysthecase,saysKathleenDass,anallergistandimmunologist.Whenyougetavirus,yourbodybuildsupantibodies(抗體)tofightit.Thoseantibodiesstayinyoursystem,helpingyouavoidfutureinfections.___32___However,noteveryonemakesenoughantibodiesandtheymaywearoffovertime,whichiswhyyouneedmoreshotsofsomevaccines.Inaddition,virusescanchange,makingyourantibodiesineffectiveagainstanewkind.Youcanbeinfectiouswithoutevershowingsymptoms.Someviruses，includingCOVID-19andAIDS,canbespreadviaasymptomaticpeople(theyneverhavesignsoftheillness)andpresymptomaticpeople(theydon’thavesymptomsyet),accordingtotheCenterforDiseaseControlandPrevention.Somepeoplemaybesuperspreaders,infectingdozenstohundredsofotherpeoplewithoutevenrealizingit.___33___Youcanbechargedforknowinglyspreadingsomeviruses.___34___Butpleasestayhomewhenyoufeelillbecauseyoucouldbechargedifyouweretoknowinglyinfectsomeonewithanincurablevirus,suchasHIVorherpes.Forinstance,thesingerUsherhasbeenchargedbyhispartnersfornotmentioninghisherpes.Similarly,theactorCharlieSheenhasbeenchargedtwiceforexposingwomentoHIVwithouttellingthem.Don’taskforantibioticsforyourviralinfection.Antibiotics(抗生素)killbacteria,buttheydon’tworkonvirusesatall.___35___Infact,researchersfoundthatsomanypeopleareconvincedthatantibioticswillhelptheirviralsymptomsthatuptoonethirdofallantibioticprescriptions(處方)areunnecessary.A.Thisisalsohowvaccineswork.B.Manypeopledoubtifantibioticsareacure-for-all.C.That’swhyvirusesthatinfecthumansalwayscauseillness.D.Itisnotawisechoicetohangoutifyouknowyou’reinfected.E.Sotakemeasurestopreventspreadingvirusesevenwhenyoudon’tfeelsick.F.Stillmanydoctorsreportfeelingpressuredbypatientswhoinsistonthemdespiteaviralinfection.G.It’sunlikelythatanyonewilltakeyoutocourtforpassingonthevirusestopeoplearoundtheoffice.【答案】31.C32.A33.E34.G35.F【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了關于病毒的一些知識?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Viruseshaveonemission:tofindahostanduseittoreproduce,eventuallycausingthehost’scellstoburstanddie.(病毒只有一個任務：找到宿主并利用它繁殖，最終導致宿主細胞爆裂死亡。)”可知，上文講述的是病毒生存的原理，而宿主細胞爆裂死亡就會讓宿主生病。選項C“That’swhyvirusesthatinfecthumansalwayscauseillness.(這就是為什么感染人類的病毒總是引起疾病的原因。)”符合文意，故選C?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)上文“There’sapopularmyththatonceyou’vehadavirus,you’renotlikelytobeaffectedagain.That’snotalwaysthecase,saysKathleenDass,anallergistandimmunologist.Whenyougetavirus,yourbodybuildsupantibodies(抗體)tofightit.Thoseantibodiesstayinyoursystem,helpingyouavoidfutureinfections.(有一種流行的說法是，一旦你感染了病毒，你就不太可能再受影響。過敏?？漆t(yī)生、免疫學家KathleenDass說，情況并非總是如此。當你感染病毒時，你的身體會產(chǎn)生抗體來對抗它。這些抗體會留在你的體內(nèi)，幫助你避免未來的感染。)”可知，這種情況與疫苗的原理一致。選項A“Thisisalsohowvaccineswork.(這也是疫苗的工作原理。)”與上文內(nèi)容一致。故選A。【33題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Someviruses，includingCOVID-19andAIDS,canbespreadviaasymptomaticpeople(theyneverhavesignsoftheillness)andpresymptomaticpeople(theydon’thavesymptomsyet),accordingtotheCenterforDiseaseControlandPrevention.Somepeoplemaybesuperspreaders,infectingdozenstohundredsofotherpeoplewithoutevenrealizingit.(美國疾病控制和預防中心表示，包括COVID-19和艾滋病在內(nèi)的一些病毒可以通過無癥狀人群(他們從未出現(xiàn)疾病癥狀)和癥狀前人群(他們還沒有癥狀)傳播。有些人可能是超級傳播者，在沒有意識到的情況下感染了幾十到數(shù)百人。)”可知，有時候你可能沒有任何癥狀或者就沒有生病也要注意防范，以阻止病毒的傳播。選項E“Sotakemeasurestopreventspreadingvirusesevenwhenyoudon’tfeelsick.(所以即使你不覺得不舒服，也要采取措施防止病毒傳播。)”是對此類人群的建議，符合文意。故選E。【34題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Butpleasestayhomewhenyoufeelillbecauseyoucouldbechargedifyouweretoknowinglyinfectsomeonewithanincurablevirus,suchasHIVorherpes.(當你感到不舒服的時候，請呆在家里，因為如果你是故意感染給其他人一種無法治愈的病毒，如艾滋病毒或皰疹，那么你可能會被指控。)”可知，下文指的是故意傳播病毒會被起訴。通過“but”可知，上文內(nèi)容與之存在轉(zhuǎn)折關系。選項G“It’sunlikelythatanyonewilltakeyoutocourtforpassingonthevirusestopeoplearoundtheoffice.(不太可能有人因為你把病毒傳染給辦公室里的人而把你告上法庭。)”與下文存在轉(zhuǎn)折關系，且符合文意。故選G?！?5題詳解】通過上文“Antibiotics(抗生素)killbacteria,buttheydon’tworkonvirusesatall.(抗生素能殺死細菌，但對病毒根本不起作用。)”可知，抗生素對病毒不起作用。而下文“Infact,researchersfoundthatsomanypeopleareconvincedthatantibioticswillhelptheirviralsymptomsthatuptoonethirdofallantibioticprescriptions(處方)areunnecessary.(事實上，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，很多人相信抗生素會緩解他們的病毒癥狀，以至于有三分之一的抗生素處方是不必要的。)”則告訴我們，很多人還是選擇用抗生素治療病毒。選項F“Stillmanydoctorsreportfeelingpressuredbypatientswhoinsistonthemdespiteaviralinfection.(仍然有許多醫(yī)生報告說，盡管有病毒感染，病人仍然堅持使用藥物，這讓他們感到有壓力。)”承上啟下，符合上下文內(nèi)容。故選F。第三部分：語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。JeniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree.Thatwillpower___36___fruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireandbecamethe___37___inherlargefamilytoearnabachelor’sdegree.Mauergrewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfromthefarm,andhermother___38___thefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jennifer___39___alocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayher___40___,becausetherewasnoextramoney___41___foracollegeeducation.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrothers___42___theirschooling.Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobackto___43___toadvancehercareerandtobeableto___44___supportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:____45____.ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph’sHospitalinMarshfield____46____shewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegree____47____tohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jeniferreceivedgreat____48____fromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Herhusba