考研英語(yǔ)（閱讀）模擬試卷32（共9

套）

（共185題）

考研英語(yǔ)（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套

一、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）（本題共25題，每題1.0

分,共25分。）

Thebattletopreventoratleastslowglobalwanninghasintensifiedinthepastyearas

scientistshavelearnedmoreaboutthemagnitudeoftheproblem.Oneoftheleading

climateexperts,InezY.Fung,directoroftheAtmosphericSciencesCenteratthe

UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,recentlyshowedthattheearthmaysoonloseits

abilitytoabsorbmuchofthegreenhousegasthatisraisingtemperatures.Theoceansand

continentscunentlysoakupabouthalfthecarbondioxideproducedbytheburningof

fossilfuels.Intheoceans,thegascombineswithwatertoformcarbonicacid;onland,

plantstakeinmorecarbondioxideandgrowfaster.Butcomputermodelingdoneby

Fungandhercolleaguesindicatesthatthesecarbonsinkswillbecomelesseffectiveas

theearthcontinuestowarm.Forexample,asthetropicsbecomehotteranddrierinthe

summer,plantswillreducetheirrespirationofcarbondioxidetoavoidwaterloss.

Atmosphericmeasurementsoverthepastdecadehaveconfirmedthiseffect.Iftheoceans

andlandtakeinlesscarbondioxide,morewillremainintheatmosphereandglobal

warmingcouldacceleratecatastrophically.Despitethesewarningsigns,thegovernment

administrationhasopposedapprovaloftheKyotoProtocol,theinternationaltreaty

mandatingreductionsingreenhousegasemissions.Butninestatesinthenortheastern

U.S.areattemptingtosidestepthefederalgovernment'soppositionbytakingactionon

theirown.LastAugustthegroupreachedapreliminaryagreementtoreduceemissionsof

carbondioxideby10percentby2020.Theplanrequiresapprovalbythestate

legislatures,butenvironmentalistsarcalreadyhopingthatotherregionsoftheU.S.v/ill

followsuit.Ifadoptednationwide,theproposalwouldlowergreenhousegasemissions

byroughlyasmuchastheKyotoProtocolwouldhave.SteveHoward,chiefexecutiveof

iheClimateGroup,istacklingtheglobal-warmingproblemfromadifferentangle.

Foundedin2004,theClimateGroupisacoalitionofcorporationsandlocalgovernments

thathavevoluntarilycommittedtoreducingtheirgreenhousegasemissions.Members

includeoilgiantBP（BritishPetroleumCo.PLC）,drug-makerJohnson&Johnson,and

Starbucks.BusinessesintheClimateGrouphavediscoveredthatimprovementsinenergy

efficiencycanenhanceprofitsaswellascutfossil-fuelemissions;BP,forinstance,

slasheditsenergybillsby$650millionover10years."Wehaveseenimportantevidence

aboutsuccessfulemissionreductionscatteredhereandthereinthemostsurprisingplaces

allovertheglobe,"Howardsays."Weareworkingtobringallofittogethersothatit

formsabodyofevidence."

1、InezY.Funghasfoundinthestudythat.

A、theproblemofglobalwarminghasattractedgreatattention

B、theearthcannotaccommodatethemountinggreenhousegas

C、thecarbondioxideisthemaincomponentofthegreenhousegas

D、theoceansandcontinentsareabletotakeinmoregas

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)InezY.Fung可定位至前兩段。第一段中說(shuō)到“馮又

嫦最近指出，地球很快就吸收不了多少導(dǎo)致氣溫升高的溫室氣體了”，所以正確答

案為B項(xiàng)。

2、Whatdocs"carbonsinks"(Para.2)mean?

A、Theprocessofproducinggreenhousegas.

Thegradualprocessoflandsubmersion.

C、Theabsorbersofcarbondioxide.

D、Theprocessofformingcarboniccompounds.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C」

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：詞義理解題。題目問(wèn)的是carbonsink的含義。第一段說(shuō)的是陸地和

海洋在吸收二氧化碳方面的作用，第二段通過(guò)Bui引起轉(zhuǎn)折，指出這兩種吸收體的

效率將降低，因此carbonsink的意思為“二氧化碳的吸收體”，答案為C項(xiàng)。

3、Whichofthefollowingistrueofthereactionsofauthoritiestotheglobalwarming?

A、ThegovernmentdecidestorewritetheKyotoProtocol.

B、PartsoftheU.S.willfollowthefederalgovernment'sadvice.

C、TheU.S.hasapprovedthenewplanofgasemissions.

D、NinestatesintheU.S.willpaddletheirowncanoe.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)reactionsofauthorities可知需到后兩段尋找答案。

第三段說(shuō)到美國(guó)東北部的9個(gè)州決定單獨(dú)采取行動(dòng)，可知D項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)。

4、Itissuggestedinthelastparagraphthat.

A、thegovernmentprofitedfromtheClimateGroup'sgasemissionreduction

B、energyusedmoreefficientlywillbringbenefitstoeconomyaswellasnature

C、energybillsshouldbeslashedinordertomaintainalowlevelofgasemission

D、theClimateGroupistacklingtheproblemthroughaccumulatingstrongevidence

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。最后一段舉了BP的例子說(shuō)明，提高能源利用率，既能

增加利潤(rùn)，同時(shí)也可以減少化石燃料的排放，因此B項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)。

5、Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A^TheClimateGroup'sCombat

LessFossilFuels,MorePlants

C、CleanAirandBlueSky

D、ProtectionsfortheClimate

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：主旨大意題。本題要求為全文選擇一個(gè)合適的題目。D項(xiàng)“保護(hù)氣

候”，強(qiáng)調(diào)了保護(hù)，涵蓋了文章所述具體措施，因此為本題最佳選項(xiàng)。

Inthefirstyearsofthe21stcentury,noareaoftheAmericaneconomyhasexcitedmore

emotionthanthepropertymarket.Firstcametheexcitementofsoaringprices.Then

spiritscamecrashingdownwiththesubprimecrisis,andnowhomeownersareagonizing

overhowfarvaluescouldfall.Anevenbiggerstory,however,maybeyettocome.

Americashouldbebracingitselffortheendofthe"generationalhousingbubble",

accordingtoanewstudybyDowellMyersandSungHoRyuoftheUniversityof

SouthernCalifornia.Asthecountry's78millionbaby-boomersretire,thereportargues,

thehousingmarketwillchangedramatically.Forthreedecadesbaby-boomershave

helpedpushpricesup:theysettleddown,andthenboughtbiggerhousesandsecond

homes.Butasthefirstofthemcelebratetheir65thbirthdaysin2011,thismaychange.

Theoldsellmorehomes:hantheybuy.Theratioofoldtoworkingagepeopleis

expectedtogrowby67%overthenexttwodecades.Willtheyoungergenerationbeable

tobuyallthehomesonthemarket?Youngadultsmakeupthebulkofnewdemand,with

mostpurchasinghomeswhentheyreachtheirearly30s.TheHoodofelderlypeople

sellingtheirhomes,Mr.Myerssuggests,mayleadtoadrawn-outbuyers'market.Prices

mayfallfurtherasyoungerpeople,perceivingadownturn,delaypurchasing.This

phenomenonwillunfolddifferentlyacrossthecountry.Somestateswillbeginthesell-off

laterthanothers.In15southernandwesternstates—includingtheretirementmagnetsof

FloridaandArizona—theelderlydonotbecomenetsellersuntiltheir70s.Expensive

statessuchasCaliforniaandthecoldstatesofthemid-westandnortheastarelikelyto

losethemmorequickly.Themismatchbetweenbuyersandsellersmaybemostacutein

therustbelt,wherenumbersofyoungpeopleandimmigrantsarerisingslowly,ifatall,

saysWilliamFreyoftheBrookingsInstitution,athink-tank.Ofcourse,theremaybe

otheroutcomes.Suburbs,whichswelledwiththebaby-boomers,maybegintodecline.If

thebuildingindustrycontracts,homepricesmayremainmorestable.Ordevelopersmay

switchtoservingtheold,buildingmorecompacthousingnearamenities.Townsmay

makeneweffortstoattractimmigrants,whoalreadyaccountedfbr40%ofthegrowthin

homeownershipbetween2000and2006.Amongtheseunknowns,onethingismore

certain:thehousingmarketisabouttoenteralongperiodoftransition.Theyoungest

baby-boomerswillnotturn65until2029.

6、"Anevenbiggerstory"inParagraphIimpliesthatAmericanpropertymarketwill

A、continuetobethemostexcitingfieldintheAmericaneconomy

B、experiencemoredramaticchangesinthefollowingyears

C、makespiritsgoupwiththedecreasedhousingprices

D、havegreaterimpactonthefeelingsofhomeowners

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。定位到開(kāi)頭兩段。此題可聯(lián)系上下文分析。第一段末提

出更大的問(wèn)題將隨之而來(lái)，聯(lián)系第二段第一句提到的“時(shí)刻準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)對(duì)持續(xù)一代之久

的房地產(chǎn)泡沫的破滅”及第二句的“房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)將急劇變化”，B項(xiàng)與之相符。

7、AccordingtoDowell,thebaby-boomers.

A、havebeenmorelikelytobuybiggerandmorehomes

B、maycelebratetheirbirthdaysaltheageof65

C、shouldwelcomethefuturechangebysellingmorehouses

D、havemadehousingbubblesinthepastthreedecades

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。定位到第二段，該段講到近三十年來(lái)，嬰兒潮一代人推

動(dòng)了房?jī)r(jià)的攀升，積聚了房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)的泡沫，故D項(xiàng)正確。

8、Theword"drawn-oul'(Para.3)mostprobablymeans.

A^prolonged

B、declined

C、delayed

D、enlarged

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：語(yǔ)義理解題。定位到第三段。此題可以根據(jù)其字面意思“拉長(zhǎng)的”，以

及上下文進(jìn)行推斷。本段提出老齡人口賣房高潮的到來(lái)可能導(dǎo)致買方市場(chǎng)的長(zhǎng)期存

在。段落末提出年輕一弋可能延遲購(gòu)置行為，故推斷此形容詞與時(shí)間有關(guān)，A項(xiàng)最

貼切，表示長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的。

9^WilliamFreybelievesthat.

A^peopleinsouthernstateswouldnotlosetheirhomesuntiltheir70s

B、peopleinexpensivestateswouldlosetheirmoneymorequickly

C、youngpeopleandimmigrantshardlyincreaseintherustbcltareas

D、elderlypeoplewouldnotliketoretireinFloridaandArizonauntiltheir70s

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)WillianFrey定位到第四段段末。此處講述美國(guó)鐵

銹地帶的買者和賣者之間的失衡現(xiàn)象最為嚴(yán)重，此地區(qū)青年和移民人數(shù)幾乎沒(méi)有增

長(zhǎng)，故C項(xiàng)與之相符。

10、Itcouldbeconcludedfromthepassagethat.

A、suburbswoulddeclinewithincreasedbaby-boomers

housingpriceswouldkeepsteadyinthecrisis

C^thehousingmarketwillexperienceaperiodoftransformation

D、immigrantswillbethemajorityofhomeownershipintowns

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：主旨大意題。從最后一段倒數(shù)第二句可?知C項(xiàng)“美國(guó)房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)將進(jìn)

入漫長(zhǎng)的轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期“正確。

MercedesestatecarsandFiatrunaroundsarebeingusedtotestupto22different

monitorsdesignedtodetectifadriverisfallingasleepatthewheelandtriggeraseriesof

devicesdesignedtowakethemup.Theaimoftheproject,fundedby￡4millionof

EuropeanUnionmoneyaswellasprivateinvestment,istoreducetheestimated30%of

fatalaccidentswhicharecausedinEuropeeachyearbydriversdriftingoffatthewheel.

Thetestcarshavebeenfittedwithinfraredcameraswhichmonitoreyemovement,touch-

padsensorsthatmeasurethedriver'sgriponthesteeringwheelandchassismonitors

whichcheckforveer.Shoulddriversstarttodozeofftheycanbequicklywokenbya

suddenblastofair-conditionedcoldair.Atthesametimeavibratingalarmwillsound

andthedriver'sseatwillbemadetoshake.DaimlerChrysler,ownerofMercedes,aswell

asFiat,willownthepatentoftheawakesystem,whichcouldbeinstalledincarsassoon

asthisyear.IfthetrialsaresuccessfultheEUisconsideringintroducingadirective

whichwouldmakethesystemcompulsoryinlong-distancelorries—aleadingcauseof

roadaccidents.Accordingtotransportdepartmentfigures,morethan300peopledieeach

yearinBritaininaccidentsthoughttobecausedbydriversfallingasleepatthewheel.

TenpeoplediedintheSelbyrailcrashlastyearwhenacardriverfellasleeponamotor-

way,crashedontoarailwaylineandderailedapassengertrain.Motoringorganizations

saidthenewsystemmightpreventaccidentssuchasSelbybutwerecautiousasto

whetheritwouldprovepractical.Thesafetysystemalsomonitorsbrakingfrequencyand

candetecteyemovementtowardstherearandsidemirrors.Asnoonedrivesinexactly

thesameway,thesystemmust"learn"theindividualcharacteristicsofitsowneror

owners.Theresearchershadconsideredsystemsthatsquirtedarefinedversionof

smellingsaltsatthedozymotorist,openedthewindowsandactivatedthebrakes

automatically.However,suchideashavebeenabandonedaspotentiallydangerous,

startlingadriverandleadingtosuddenchangesinsteering.

11、Accordingtothetext,ifadriverfallsasleepinoneofthetestcars,.

A^thecarbrakewillbeactivatedautomaticallytopreventanaccident

B、arefinedversionofsmellingsaltwillbesprayedatthedriver

C^thewindowwillbeopenedtoletinfreshair

D^avibratingalarmwillsoundtowakethedriverup

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段最后兩句分別提到了兩種喚醒打瞌睡的司機(jī)的方

法，D項(xiàng)是其中之一，在該段最后一句提到。

12、Paragraph2mainlytalksabout.

A^thecausesoffatalroadaccidents

B、themechanismoftheawakesystem

C、thewaystoawakethedozingdrivers

D^thescheduleofdevelopingtheawakesystem

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B-

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：主旨大意題。第二段包含兩個(gè)主要內(nèi)容，第一句指出了研究喚醒系統(tǒng)

的目的，第二句至最后一句介紹了該系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)作機(jī)制，將四個(gè)選項(xiàng)與此對(duì)比，即可

發(fā)現(xiàn)B項(xiàng)為本題答案。

13、WecanlearnfromthetextthatroadaccidentsinEuropearemainlycausedby

A、driversfallingasleepatthewheel

B、long-distancelorrydriving

C、carswithoutasafetysystem

D^drivers*suddenchangesinsteering

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干中的roadaccidents及mainlycaused可定位至第

三段最后一句。第三段最后一句指出公路事故的主要肇事者是長(zhǎng)途貨車，題干中的

mainlycaused對(duì)應(yīng)文中的aleadingcause,故正確答案選B項(xiàng)。

14、TheauthormayagreethattheSelbycrash.

A^triggeredthedevelopmentoftheawakesystem

B、happenedbecausethetraindriverdriftedoffatthewheel

C、highlightedtheadvantage*;ofinstallingtheawakesystem

D、causedresearchers'concernaboutthepracticalityoftheawakesystem

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的Selbycrash可定位至第四段。本文介紹

了喚醒系統(tǒng)的研發(fā)，結(jié)合第四段最后一句可以知道，作者提到塞爾比鐵路撞車事故

是為了表明喚醒系統(tǒng)可以避免這種事故的發(fā)生，即它的好處，由此可見(jiàn)，C項(xiàng)為本

題答案。

15、TheEU'sattitudetowardstheawakesystemisoneof.

A、cautiousoptimism

insufficientsupport

Cssheerconfidence

D、greatskepticism

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)題干中的專有名詞EU可定位至第二、三段。第二

段第一句指出歐盟在經(jīng)濟(jì)上對(duì)系統(tǒng)的研究給予了很大的支持，第三段最后一旬指出

歐盟會(huì)考慮頒布指令，讓長(zhǎng)途貨車安裝該系統(tǒng)，這些表示它對(duì)系統(tǒng)是有信心的；另

一方面，第三段最后一句中的條件從句和considering一詞表明歐盟對(duì)該系統(tǒng)持審

慎的態(tài)度，因此A項(xiàng)最能概括歐盟對(duì)該系統(tǒng)的態(tài)度。

Duringuncertaintimes,peopletendtolookbackandwonderhowitgottothis.Theyfeel

morekeenlytheirmissedopportunitiesandfailuresinjudgment.Regret—thesensethat

thingscouldhaveturnedoutbetterifonlyadifferentchoicehadbeenmade-becomes

pervasive.However,regretneedn'tbeagarmentrending,self-whippingemotion.

Instead,itcanbesomethingtovalueanduse.AccordingtoarecentstudybyColleen

SaffreyattheUniversityofVictoriainCanadaandcolleaguesattheUniversityof

Illinois,mostpeopleholdregretinhighregard.Ofallthenegativeemotions,regretwas

identifiedasthemostvaluedinthatithelpedpeoplemakesenseoflifeeventsand

remedywhatwentwrong.Regretishardwiredintohumanbiology,underscoringits

importanceinbehavior.Advancesinneuro-imagingshowthatwhenapersonexperiences

regret,apartofthebraininvolvedinbothreasoningandemotionbecomesactive.

Neurosciencealsotellsusthatlearningprobablyworksbestwhenthereisanintense

emotionalcomponenttoit,soitcouldbethatregretbolstersourabilitytolearnfrom

experience.Suggestionslistedbelowmayhelpyoumanagethisemotionandturnitintoa

toolforgrowth.Bewareofhindsightbias.Whatyoushouldhavedonealwaysseems

clearerinretrospectthanitwasatthetime.AstheDanishphilosopherS4)reii

Kierkegaardputit,"Lifecanonlybeunderstoodbackwards,butitmustbelived

forwards.*'Hemighthavesaid,"Sodon'tbesohardonyourself."Useregretstoimprove

decisionmakingandclarifyvalues.Insteadofthinkingoverwhatmighthavebeen,let

whathappenedpointtheway.Theregretmighthelpycuprioritizeyourinvestmentsin

relationships,servicetothecommunity,health,andtime,aswellashelpyouset

reasonablefinancialgoals.Balanceregretandrisk.Insteadofchoosingalessriskyoption

thatyouareleastlikelytoregret,choosetheonethatwillmaximizeyourchanceof

reachingrealisticgoals.Infact,pastexperiencesofregretmayhavegivenyouabetter

appreciationofrisk,whichisasignofgrowth.Don'tworryalone,especiallyifyouarc

drowninginregret.Ifmiserylovescompany,it'sbecauseperspectivehelps.It'sgoodto

knowyou'renottheonly"idiot"intheneighborhood.Onsomelevel,we'reallidiots.The

mostsuccessfulpeoplearethosewhohavebeenresoluteinthefaceoffailure.Ifyour

thoughtsturnmorbid,getprofessionalhelpsoyoucangobacktostrivingtowardyoar

personalandcareergoals.

16、Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,regret.

A、canbeavoidedifwemakeadifferentchoice

B、occurswhenwelookback

C、isthemostpervasivenegativeemotion

D、canhelppeoplelearnandimprovelife

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一、二段。第二段提出遺憾有它的價(jià)

值并可被利用，并在段末說(shuō)“它幫助人們理解生活事件……想出補(bǔ)救措施”。故D

項(xiàng)為答案。

17、ColleenSaffreywouldmostprobablyagreethat.

A^peopleshouldlearntoavoidregret

B、regretisnolongeranegativeemotion

C、thoughnegative,regretisofvaluetopeople

D^regretcanhelppeoplefindiheproblems

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)CoUeenSaffrey定位到第二段。該段說(shuō)Coneen

Saffrey的研究表明“在所有的消極情緒中，遺憾被認(rèn)為是最有價(jià)值的"，故C項(xiàng)為

答案。

18、Theword"underscoring"(Para.3)isclosestinmeaningto.

A^undermining

decreasing

C、emphasizing

D、devaluing

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：語(yǔ)義理解題。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段。本段從人體生理學(xué)的角度解釋

為什么遺憾具有價(jià)值，并在段末總結(jié)“遺憾提高著我們從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中吸取教訓(xùn)的能力”，

故可以推斷，underscoring與emphasizing(強(qiáng)調(diào))意思最接近，C項(xiàng)為答案。

19、ThephilosopherS<|)renKierkegaardisquotedto.

A、showhisphilosophicalideasaboutlifeandregret

B、givepeoplesuggestiononmanagementofregret

C、tellpeoplenotlobetoohardonthemselvesinlife

D、explainwhypeopleshouldbewareofhindsightbias

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D-

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)Kierkegaard定位到第四段。本段先提出下面開(kāi)始

介紹將遺憾情緒轉(zhuǎn)化成成長(zhǎng)工具的辦法，但在此之前，提醒讀者要“警惕事后諸葛

亮的偏執(zhí)“，進(jìn)而引用Kierkegaard,說(shuō)“生活需要往前看“，故引用的目的應(yīng)為解釋

為什么要警惕“事后諸葛亮的偏執(zhí)”，D項(xiàng)為答案。S4)renLindefined區(qū)

20Regretcanbevaluedandusedto.

A、helppeopletochoosealessriskyoption

B、helpyoumakebetterdecisions

C>helpyouprioritizeyourrelationships

D、helppeopletoachievetheirpersonalandcareergoals

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)定位到第五至七段。第五段中提到“利用遺憾

的情緒來(lái)提高決策……”，故B項(xiàng)“幫助做更好的決定”為答案。

Manufacturersofeverythingfromrunningshoestodeodorants,asubstancetoremove

unpleasantodors,designproductsspecificallyforwomen.Oneofthelatestentries:the

firstartificialjointcreatedfor-andheavilyadvertisedto-females.Doctorssayit'stoo

soontotellwhethertheGenderKneerepresentsagiantleapforwomankindorifitgives

itsmaker,ZimmerHoldingsInc.,alegupinthemarket.Inthecaseoftheknees,

accordingtoZimmer,herc'showmenandwomenarcdifferent:First,thekneecap,is

thinnerinwomen.Also,women'swiderhipscreateadifferentanglebetweentheknee

andpelvis—thewide,curvedgroupofbonesatthelevelofhips,whichcanmeanthe

kneecapgetspulledtothesidewhenthemusclescontract.Andtheendofthethighbone

istypicallynarrowerinmen.Mostartificialkneesweremodeledonthemaleanatomy一

whichmayexplainwhykneereplacementsinwomenaren'tassuccessfulwhenmeasured

byreportedpainanddo-overrates.Butwillthenew(andmoreexpensive)replacement

actuallyservewomenbetter?"Intheory,yes,buttheevidenceisn'tthere,"saysKimberly

Templeton,anassociateprofessoroforthopedicsurgery(preventionorcorrectionof

disordersofthebonesandassociatedmusclesandjoints)attheUniversityofKansas

MedicalCenterandaspokespersonfortheAmericanAcademyofOrthopedicSurgeons.

SherylConley,Zimmer'schiefmarketingofficer,sayssevenstudiesnowunderwaywill

lookatpatientsatisfactionandrangeofmotion.Preliminarydatawillbeavailableina

yearorso.Anatomicaldifferencesaside,Templetonsays,replacementkneesmaynot

performwellinwomeninpartbecausefemalestendtodelaysurgery-sometimesuntil

they'reboundtothehousebydisability.Inaddition,it'snotclearthatthemanufacturer's

specializeddesignwilltranslatetolesspain,saysStevenHaas,anorthopedicsurgeon

andchiefofthekneeserviceattheHospitalforSpecialSurgeryinNewYork.For

example,makingthefrontofthereplacementkneethinnerbyonetwenty-fifthofaninch

won'tnecessarilymakeanoticeabledifferencetorecipients.Havingacorrectlyfitted

deviceisclearlyimportant,saysHaas,whonotesthatothercompanieshavemodified

theirsmallerkneestoaccountforgenderdifferencesinanatomy.(Haashasconsulted

withSmith&Nephew,arivaltoZimmer.)Moreimportant,saysHaas,istofindaskillful

surgeon.Differencesbctv/ccnimplants,heargues,arcrelativelyminorcomparedtothe

techniqueofthesurgeonputtingthemin.

21、Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

ANAlotofproductsarcdesignedandmanufacturedspecificallyformen.

B、ItisunclearwhethertheGenderKneewillhelpitsmakermoresuccessful.

C>ItisclearthattheGenderKneewillmakeitsmakersuffergreatlosses.

D、Itisclearthatthefirstartificialjointcreatedforfemalesrepresentsagiantleap.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。第一段第三句it'stoo…to”太……而不能”結(jié)構(gòu)表明，

“女性膝蓋”是否會(huì)在市場(chǎng)上取得成功，現(xiàn)在還言之過(guò)早，故B項(xiàng)正確。

22、AccordingtoParagraph2,kneereplacementsinwomenhaven51achievedgreat

successinthat.

A、womenhavethinnerkneecaporpatellathanthatofmen

B、women'swiderhipsmaketheartificialkneepullectotheside

C^artificialkneesaredesignedbasedonthefeaturesofmen'sbody

D、womenhavewiderendofthethighbonethanthatofmen

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題目問(wèn)原因，尋找答案時(shí)要特別留意why或because等

字眼。第二段第四句why表明原因：女性膝關(guān)節(jié)置換手術(shù)的成功率比男性低是因

為大部分的人造膝蓋都是依照男性的骨骼構(gòu)造制作的，故C項(xiàng)正確。

23>TowhichofthefollowingstatementswouldKimberlyTempletonmostlikelyagree?

A、Thenewkneereplacementwillservewomenbetterclinically.

B、Theunderperiormanceofreplacementkneesmaybefoundinwomen.

C、Womensometimesmayrefusetoreceivethekneereplacementsurgery.

D>Thereplacementkneesmakeagoodperformanceinwomen.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。KimberlyTemplelon在第三段說(shuō)了很多話，其中第五句

提到，女性實(shí)施膝關(guān)節(jié)置換手術(shù)效果不佳（maynotperformwell）,由此判斷，B項(xiàng)

為正確答案。

24、TheexampleofthechangeofreplacementkneecitedinParagraph4showsthat

A、thenewreplacementkneemayormaynotrelievethepain

B、thefrontofreplacementkneewillbemadethinneralittlebit

C、thechangeofreplacementkneewon'tbringchangestotherecipients

D^thenewreplacementkneeisofgreatimportancetoiherecipients

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。舉例一般是為了說(shuō)明某個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。第四段第一句的觀點(diǎn)

是：尚不能確定這款新沒(méi)計(jì)是否能夠減輕患者的疼痛感，隨后第二句舉例論證該觀

點(diǎn)，可見(jiàn)A項(xiàng)與題意相符。

25、Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthistext?

A^TheDifferenceofMenandWomeninKnees

B、TheImportanceoftheTechniqueoftheKneeSurgeon

CxANewKneeRnilrforWomenOnly

D、TheProspectofGenderKnee

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c

知識(shí)點(diǎn)腦析：主旨大意題。從全文大意、第一段、最后一段可以推斷出，全文圍繞

這種專門為女性所設(shè)計(jì)的膝蓋展開(kāi)討論，故C項(xiàng)與之相符。

考研英語(yǔ)（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套

一、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）（本題共20題，每題7.0

分，共20分。）

You'veheardit100timesalready,andit'samessagethatweatScienceCareerswork

hardtoconvey:Carefulplanningisessentialforasuccessfulcareerinscience.Becoming

ascientistrequiresyearsoftrainingandalongseriesofgooddecisions.Choosinga

Ph.D.supervisorwhowillsupportyou,pickingagoodlabloryourpostdoc,deciding

whichresearchprojectstopursue,decidingwhethertostayinyourcurrentpositionand

finishsomeimportantworkortomoveontoanotherexcitingopportunitysuch

decisionsshouldnotbemadewithoutcarefuldeliberation.Yetsometimeseventhemost

motivatedofscientistsintrainingareledastraybysomeotherpassion.Andtheresult,

sometimes,canbewonderful.Accidents,spontaneousactsofpassion,decisionstaken

casually—allcanleadtototallynewandunexpectedcareers,fullofnewandunexpected

challenges,offeringgreatprofessionalandpersonalsatisfaction.AsScienceCareers

contributingeditorElisabethPainreports,AngeloVermeulenisoneofthosechildren

whowasborntobecomearesearcher."Iwaslikethesciencekidoftheclass.Ihadmy

ownlab,withamicroscopeandchemicalsandbinoculars,andImadethesewalksin

nature,collectingsamples,1'hesaysin"TheItinerantArtist".Buthealsohadatalentfor

thevisualandconceptualarts,andashedidhisPh.D.inbiologyattheUniversityof

Leuven,healsolearnedphotography.Yearslater,Vermeulenhasreconciledhisdual

interests,producingartthatoftenincorporatesscience.JorgeChamwasenrolledinthe

master'sprograminmechanicalengineeringatStanfordUniversitywhenthestudent

newspaper.TheStanfordDaily,putoutacallseekingideasforanewcomicstrip,

ScienceinternSaraCochlowritesin"PiledHigherandDeeper:TheEverydayLifeofa

GradStudent."Afterdiscussingsomeideaswithfriendsoverdinner,Cham,whousedto

doodleasachildbuthadnevertriedcartooning,proposedacomicstripaboutagroupof

overworked,underpaid,procrastinatinggraduatestudentsandtheirtemfyingadvisers.

PiledHigherandDeeper,orPHD,hasgoneontobecomeacultcartoonandChama

professionalcartoonist.Sometimesalate-bloomingpassioncanleadtoafull-timecareer.

JeffMangahas,whostudiedplantandmolecularbiologyattheUniversityofWashington

andbecameatechnicianinacancerlab,foundhisinterestinwineincreasing.Soon,"the

romanticsideofwinetookholdofme,"Mangahassays.Atranscendentwine-drinking

experiencedrewhimintothewinemakingfield.

1、Thefirstparagraphmainlymeansto.

A、provethatpeopleshouldquitdoingordinaryworktograbnewopportunities

B、explainwhypeoplehaveheardthesayingforsomanytimes

C>statethatsuccessfulscientificcareerneedsthoroughconsideration

D、demonstratethatpickingagoodlabisofgreatsignificancetoone'spostdoc

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)露析：屬段落大意題。本段第一句就指出了本段的核心觀點(diǎn)，并在接下來(lái)的

內(nèi)容中舉例進(jìn)行說(shuō)明，由此可知選項(xiàng)C符合題意，故正確。選項(xiàng)A屬于無(wú)中生

有，文中并未給出該如何做選擇，故錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)B同樣是無(wú)中生有，原文只是用

夸張（100次）的手法來(lái)說(shuō)明這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的普遍性，而不是一個(gè)事實(shí)，更不是對(duì)此的解

釋，故錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)D屬丁?以偏概全，事實(shí)確實(shí)如此，但不是段落的主要內(nèi)容，只

是一個(gè)例子，故錯(cuò)誤。

2、WecaninferfromParagraph3and4that.

A、aneditorofthemagazineismeanttobecomeascientist

Angelodidn'tshowhisartistictalentasayoungboy

C、Jorgedidn'tdrcamofbeingacartoonistsincelittle

D、peoplearewastingtheirtimebyreadingPHD

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C'

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：屬信息推斷題。選項(xiàng)A犯了偷梁換柱的錯(cuò)誤，這本雜志的特約編輯

介紹了一個(gè)人，這個(gè)人才是天生的研究者，而非這名編輯，故錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)B屬于

曲解文意，文章提到了Vermeulen很早就有了藝術(shù)天賦，故錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)D犯了無(wú)

中生有的錯(cuò)誤，作者并未評(píng)價(jià)這部漫畫(huà)是否值得看，故錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)C符合原文，

Cham的經(jīng)歷就是一次機(jī)緣巧合，故正確。

3、TheunderlinedwordinParagraph3refersto.

A^chosenfrom

B、givenup

C、madepreferencebetween

D、achievedaccordancebetween

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：屬詞義推斷題。想要理解考查詞的含義就需要仔細(xì)閱讀上下文?？艰?/p>

詞所在句的后半句正是對(duì)前半句的解釋說(shuō)明，意思是進(jìn)行與科學(xué)相關(guān)的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作，

因此可知Vermeulen是將藝術(shù)和科學(xué)融合到了一起，使兩者和諧共存，故選項(xiàng)D

正確。選項(xiàng)A（從二者中選擇），選項(xiàng)B（放棄），選項(xiàng)C（在二者間更傾向于）顯然都不

符合原文意思，故均錯(cuò)誤。

4、BymentioningthecaseofJeffMangahas,theauthorintendsto.

A、statethatworkinginthelabistooboredtotolerate

B、provethatevenlatepassioncanalterone'scareerpath

C>advocatethatmorepeopleshouldst