2022屆河南省鄭州市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題第一節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howmuchdothespeakersneedtopay?A.￡15.B.￡20.C.￡30.2.Whatwillthespeakersbuyticketsfor?A.Agame.B.Afilm.C.Aconcert.3.Whydoesthemanwanttogiveupthephotocopier?A.Itisnoisy.B.Itisdifficulttouse.C.Itdoesn’tworkproperly.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Howtosortoutrubbish.B.Howtoensurecitysafety.C.Howtoprotecttheenvironment.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hemustcheckthewoman’sage.B.Thediscoisfortheover-18-year-olds.C.Thewomanlooksyoungerthanshereallyis.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whichfilmarethespeakersseeing?A.SunnyDay.B.FieldofGreen.C.HeartofGold.7.Howwillthespeakersgotothecinema?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whathappenedonthefirstnight?A.Themancouldn’tfindahotel.B.Bethfeltsickfromseafood.C.ThemantookBethtoahospital.9.Wheredidthemanstayforrelaxation?A.Atamuseum.B.Aroundaswimmingpool.C.Inapark.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Oldclassmates.B.Husbandandwife.C.Workmates.11.Whatisthewomanuncertainabout?A.Writingarticles.B.Developingawebsite.C.MakingPRplans.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Readthejobpagefirst.B.E-mailthepagetohim.C.Talkaboutthejobwithhim.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhoisKate?A.Theman’scousin.B.Theman’sgirlfriend.C.Theman’sfuturesister-in-law.14.Whatdoesthemanthinkoffamilyparties?A.Boring.B.Exciting.C.Surprising.15.Whatdoesthemandecidetodo?A.SearchtheInternet.B.Talkwithhismother.C.Shopwiththewoman.16.Whatdoesthemansayabouthiscousins?A.Theyoftencometoseehim.B.Theyaremucholderthanhim.C.They’vegotpresentsforhim.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Artschoolstudents.B.Webdesigners.C.Magazinemanagers.18.Whatisexpectedtobedesigned?A.Thecoverofamagazine.B.Aposter.C.AT-shirt.19.Whatrequirementdoesthecompetitionsetout?A.Thedeadlineis27thMay.B.Thedesignmustincludeapicturesomewhere.C.Somewordsshouldbeputinacertainplaceinthedesign.20.Whatprizewillbegiventoawinner?A.ADVDplayer.B.Booksondesign.C.Adrawingbookandpens.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACallforentries:youngwomenwriterscompetitionGuardianWeekendmagazineislaunchingawritingcompetitionforUKwomenaged16-21onthethemeofconversations．HowtoenterAllyouhavetodoissubmita700-wordpersonalessaythatshowsoffyourtalents——onthethemeofconversations．Didyouhaveanunforgettableconversationwithyourgrandmotheraboutheryouththatchangedhowyouviewedher?Doyoufindhavingcertainconversationsreallyhard,andifso,why?Isthereaconversationyouregret,oroneyouregretyouneverhad?We'rekeentohearaboutyourpersonalexperiences．Allentriesmustbesenttoweekend@theguardian．combymidnighton9March．ThePrizesTherewillbeonewinnerandtworunners-up．Thethreewinnerswilleachreceive￡250．Thewinnerswillbenotified（通知）byemailortelephoneonorbefore30March2021andgivendetailsofhowtoclaimtheirprizes．Aspartoftheeditingprocess,thethreewinnerswillparticipateinavideocallwithaGuardianWeekendeditortodiscussandedittheiressayforpublication．Theoneoverallwinnerwillalsoreceivea1-1workshopwithaGuardianeditor．RulesFollowallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification．■Onlyoneentryispermittedperperson．Entriesonbehalfofanotherpersonwillnotbeacceptedandjointsubmissionsarenotallowed．■TheCompetitionopensat09:00on22February2021andclosesat23:59on9March2021．Entriesreceivedoutsidethistimeperiodwillnotbeconsidered．■Yourentrymustnotbecopied,andmustnotcontainanythird-partymaterialsorcontentthatyoudonothavepermissiontouse．■Youmustincludeyourname,ageandcontactdetails,includingyouremailaddressandphonenumber．1.What'sthethemeofthewritingcompetition?A.Regrets． B.Conversations．C.Grandmother'syouth． D.Personalexperiences．2.Whatextraprizewilltheoverallwinnerreceive?A.Anadditional￡250． B.Avideoofthecompetition．C.Apriornotificationofthewin． D.A1-1workshopwithaneditor．3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A.Co-authoringanentry． B.Includingcontactdetails．C.Mailingyourentryon1March． D.Usingothers'contentwithpermission．【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了《衛(wèi)報(bào)周末》雜志為16-21歲的英國(guó)女性舉辦的一場(chǎng)寫(xiě)作比賽的報(bào)名須知，獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)設(shè)置和參賽規(guī)則?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一句“GuardianWeekend

magazineislaunchingawritingcompetitionforUKwomenaged16-21onthethemeofconversations．(《衛(wèi)報(bào)周末》雜志為16-21歲的英國(guó)女性舉辦了一場(chǎng)以對(duì)話為主題的寫(xiě)作比賽。)”可知，這次寫(xiě)作比賽的主題是對(duì)話。故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThePrizes中最后一句“Theoneoverallwinnerwillalsoreceivea1-1workshopwithaGuardianeditor．(總冠軍將獲得與《衛(wèi)報(bào)》編輯一起的1-1工作室。)”可知，總冠軍將獲得與《衛(wèi)報(bào)》編輯一起的1-1工作室。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四行“Entriesonbehalfofanotherpersonwillnotbeacceptedandjointsubmissionsarenotallowed．(代表他人參加的作品將不被接受，并且不允許聯(lián)合提交作品。)”可知，與他人合作的作品將沒(méi)有參賽資格。故選A。BIn1991,KeithWhitewasatthecentreofa14-vehiclepile-upwhenatruckcrossedthecentralreservationandhitthevaninwhichhewasapassenger.Whitesurvived,buthisleftarmwascrushedbeyondrepair,andhelosthismemoryfortwoyears.Hispilotlicensewasremovedandhecouldnolongerfollowhispassionfordiving.Buthehadbeensailingsincehewas16,andso,in2004,hedecidedtobuyaboat,fittingitoutsohecouldsailitsingle-handedly.“Ididn’tknowatthatpointifIcouldsailwithonehand,”hesays.“ButatthebackofmymindIhadalwaysthoughtIcoulddoanythingifIputmymindtoit.”Withinayear,Whitehadtakenonthechallengeofbeingthefirstone-armedsailortocircumnavigate(環(huán)航)theBritishIsles.ThenhecrossedtheAtlanticalonein2008.Lastyearhebecamethefirstsailorwithadisabilitytocircumnavigatetheglobe.Sailingsingle-handedforweeksrequiresmental,aswellasphysical,strength,especiallywhenyouarealone.Sohowdoeshedoit?It’saquestionthatmakestheyachtsman(帆船運(yùn)動(dòng)員)laugh.“Whenyouhavesevenchildrenit’slovelytohavealittletimeonyourown!It’sawesome,”hejokes.“Idoalogeveryhour,andmydiary,andIreadafewbooks.Ihaveverylittlesleep.”“I’masociableperson:Idolikelotsofpeoplearound.AnsweringemailsandchattingoverFacebookcanhelpstopanyloneliness,”headds.WhenWhitemadehisfirstAtlanticcrossing,hewasdisappointedtohavehispeaceandquietbrokenbyhisarrivalonland.But,hesays,hethrewhimselfintomeetingnewpeople.Inbetweenadventures,helikessailingwithpeoplewhohaven’ttrieditbeforeorgetinvolvedinyachtraceswithfriends.Perhapsthemainreasonforhissuccessinadjustingtolifeafterabigadventure,hesays,isthathealwayshasanideaforanewoneinhisbackpocket.“Itkeepsmetickingover—there’salwayssomethingnewtodo.Ijustlikechallengesandoneleadstoanother.”4.Whycouldn’tWhitecontinuehispassionfordiving?A.Helosthisleftarm. B.Hislicensewasdue.C.Hehadanewhobby. D.Hismemorywaspoor.5.HowdidWhitespendhistimeatsea?A.Bystayingawake. B.Byvisitingoldfriends.C.Bykeepinghimselfbusy. D.Byattendinghischildren.6.WhatmainlyleadstoWhite’ssuccessfuladjustmenttolifeafterabigadventure?A.Socializingwithnewpeople. B.Schedulingnewadventures.C.Coachingnewyachtsmen. D.Organizingyachtraces.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesKeithWhite?A.Creative. B.Humorous. C.Easy-going. D.Adventurous.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了KeithWhite身殘志堅(jiān)的勵(lì)志故事，由于一次意外，他失去了左臂并且失去了兩年的記憶，但是最后他決定去航行，獲得了成功?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章第一段“Whitesurvived,buthisleftarmwascrushedbeyondrepair,andhelosthismemoryfortwoyears.(White活了下來(lái)，但他的左臂被壓得無(wú)法修復(fù)，他失去了兩年的記憶)”可推知，White不能繼續(xù)跳水是因?yàn)樗チ俗蟊?。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章第四段White的話“Idoalogeveryhour,andmydiary,andIreadafewbooks.Ihaveverylittlesleep.(我每小時(shí)做一次日志，寫(xiě)日記，讀幾本書(shū)。)”可推知，White通過(guò)讓自己忙碌的方式度過(guò)在海上的時(shí)光。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章最后一段“Perhapsthemainreasonforhissuccessinadjustingtolifeafterabigadventure,hesays,isthathealwayshasanideaforanewoneinhisbackpocket.“Itkeepsmetickingover—there’salwayssomethingnewtodo.Ijustlikechallengesandoneleadstoanother.”(他說(shuō)，在經(jīng)歷了一場(chǎng)大冒險(xiǎn)后，他之所以能成功適應(yīng)生活，主要原因可能是他總能想出一個(gè)新點(diǎn)子。“它讓我不停地工作——總是有新的事情要做。我只是喜歡挑戰(zhàn)，一個(gè)接一個(gè)?！?”可知，計(jì)劃新的冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)導(dǎo)致懷特在經(jīng)歷了一次大冒險(xiǎn)后成功地適應(yīng)了生活。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章最后一句“Ijustlikechallengesandoneleadstoanother.(我只是喜歡挑戰(zhàn)，一個(gè)接一個(gè))”結(jié)合全文可知，KeithWhite是一個(gè)喜歡冒險(xiǎn)的人。故選D項(xiàng)。CAnafternoonnap(午睡)isoneofthejoysoflife,althoughtoomuchnappingcouldsignalallisnotwell.Insomecultures,peoplewillhaveadailynap—thisisfine.Thewarningcomeswhenpeoplestartsleepingduringthedaytime,whentheydidnotbefore.Thereiscertainlyagoodreasontobelievethatdaytimesleepiness—asintheAlzheimer'sstudy—canbeamarkerofanunderlyingcondition.Formostpeople,nappingduringthedayismainlyasignthatyouarenotgettingenoughsleepatnight,saysDr.NeilStanley,asleepexpert."Ifyoufeelsleepyduringtheday,youshouldthinkabouttakinganap.Thatiswhatthebodyneeds—itdoesn'tneedtobekeptawakewithcaffeine,itneedssleep."Thefeelingtonoticeis"sleepiness",hesays,not"tiredness",whichcouldbemorepsychologicalandlinkedtostress.Sohowdoyounapwell?Thekeything,saysStanley,ishowlongyournaplasts.Chooseeithera20-or90-minutenap."Whenyoufallasleep,you'llquicklygothroughthelighterstagesofsleepintoyourfirstperiodofdeepsleep.Youdon'twanttowakeupindeepsleepbecausethat'swhenyouwakeandfeelworsethanyoudidbefore."Nappingfor20minutesmeansyouwillwakeupbeforeyougointodeepsleep;nappingfor90minutesmeansyou'llcompleteasleepcycle.Onceyoufactorinthetimeittakestofallasleep—somepeoplearebetteratnappingthanothersbut,saysStanley,"ahealthyadultwillfallasleepinbetween5and12minutes"—youcansetanalarm,allowinga30-to40-minuteperiodforashortnap,anduptotwohoursforalongerone.Agoodtimetonapisduringthebody'snaturaldipintheafternoon,between2pmand4pm."Youdon'treallywanttobenappingmuchpastthatbecausethenyouaregoingtobeeatingintoyournight-timesleep,"Stanleysays.Thepoint,hestresses,istogetgoodnight-timesleep,whichwouldensureyouprobablydon'tneedtonapatall.8.Whatdoesanafternoonnapindicateformostpeople?A.Caffeineaddiction. B.Psychologicalstress.C.Insufficientnightsleep. D.Potentialphysicalillness.9.Whatisthekeytoagoodnap?A.Duration. B.Surroundings. C.Health. D.Stages.10Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inthelastparagraphreferto?A.A30-to40-minuteperiod. B.Between2pmand4pm.C.Between5and12minutes. D.A20-to90-minuteperiod.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Whytophaseanap B.WhentotakeagoodnapC.Whattolearnfromanap D.Howtohaveasuccessfulnap【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了如何在午睡期間睡得好以及最適合午睡的時(shí)間?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章第二段首句“Formostpeople,nappingduringthedayismainlyasignthatyouarenotgettingenoughsleepatnight,saysDr.NeilStanley,asleepexpert.（睡眠專家NeilStanley博士說(shuō)：“對(duì)大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)，白天午睡主要是晚上睡眠不足的表現(xiàn)?！保笨芍獙?duì)于大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)，午睡是因?yàn)橐归g睡眠不足。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章第三段“Sohowdoyounapwell?Thekeything,saysStanley,ishowlongyournaplasts.（那你怎么睡得好呢？Stanley說(shuō)，關(guān)鍵是你的午睡時(shí)間有多長(zhǎng)。）”可知睡得好的關(guān)鍵因素是午睡的持續(xù)時(shí)間。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】指代猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Agoodtimetonapisduringthebody'snaturaldipintheafternoon,between2pmand4pm.（午睡的好時(shí)間是在下午2點(diǎn)到4點(diǎn)之間，身體自然下沉的時(shí)候。）”可知下文中畫(huà)線詞“that”指代的是下午2點(diǎn)到4點(diǎn)之間，意為睡眠時(shí)間不要超過(guò)這個(gè)時(shí)間段。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通過(guò)文章首句“Anafternoonnapisoneofthejoysoflife,althoughtoomuchnappingcouldsignalallisnotwell.（午睡是生活的樂(lè)趣之一，盡管睡太多可能表明情況不妙。）”結(jié)合下文可知，本文主要講述了午睡的重要性以及怎樣進(jìn)行午睡對(duì)我們最好。D項(xiàng)“如何成功地午睡”符合文意，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。DThereismorethatcomeswitholderagethangreyinghairandwrinkledskinWhenhumansreachtheirlateryears,theyfavourmoreestablishedfriendsandtheirsocialcircleisreduced.Now,forwhatappearstobethefirsttime,scientistshaveseenthesamebehaviourinanotherspecies.Twentyyearsofobservationsofchimpanzees(猩猩)revealthatoldermaleschoosetohangoutwiththeirlong-termfriendsattheexpenseofotherrelationships.Theresearchersstudied78,000hoursofobservationsmadebetween1996and2016thatfollowedthesocialinteractionsof21malechimpanzeesbetweentheagesof15and58yearsold.Theyclassifiedthechimps’relationshipsdependingontheamountoftimetheysatwithothersandgroomed(梳毛)them.Theythenratedthevariouspairingsasmutual(相互的)friendships,wherebothchimpsseemedtoenjoytherelationship;one-sidedfriendships,whereonechimpwasmorekeentobefriendsthantheother;andnon-friendships,whereneitherchimpshowedinterestintheother.Whenthescientistslookedatthepatternsoffriendships,theyfoundthattheolderchimpshadmoremutualfriendshipsandfewerone-sidedfriendshipsthanyoungerchimps.Anotherfeatureseeninolderhumanswasalsospottedinthechimps.Asthemalesgotolder,theirlevelsofaggression(挑釁)tailedoff,meaningtheystartedfewerfightsandtendedtointimidateothersintheirgrouplessoften.Theobservationshavelefttheresearcherspuzzled.Accordingtoanideainpsychologyknownassocioemotionalselectivitytheory,orSST,olderhumansprefermorepositiverelationshipsbecausetheyareawaretimeisrunningout.Butmanyanimalexpertsarguethatchimpanzeeslackthehumansenseofmortality(死亡),suggestingsomethingelseisdrivingthebehaviour.RobinDunbar,aprofessorofevolutionarypsychologyattheUniversityofOxford,saidinhumans,thedeclineinsocialcircleswithageisduetodecliningsocialmotivationtogetoutandmeetpeoplecombinedbylackofopportunity.Inchimpanzees,asoldermalescompetelessformates,theymayfocusonclose,reciprocal(12.Whatdooldermalechimpanzeesfavour?A.Oldfriendships. B.Newbonds.C.Greyinghair. D.Wrinkledskin.13.Howdidtheresearchersdrawtheirconclusionaboutchimpanzees?A.Byturningtootherscientists.B.Byintroducinganewconcept.C.Byformingrelationshipswiththem.D.Byanalyzingtwodecades’observations.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intimidate”inParagraph4mean?A.Threaten. B.Motivate. C.Defend. D.Accompany.15.AccordingtoRobinDunbar,whataccountsfordecliningsocialcirclesinchimpanzees?A.Awarenessoftime. B.Lesscompetitionformates.C.Lowmotivationforsocialization. D.Lackofthehumansenseofmortality.【答案】12.A13.D14.A15.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了黑猩猩的社交模式?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Twentyyearsofobservationsofchimpanzees(猩猩)revealthatoldermaleschoosetohangoutwiththeirlong-termfriendsattheexpenseofotherrelationships.(20年來(lái)對(duì)黑猩猩的觀察表明，年長(zhǎng)的雄性黑猩猩選擇與長(zhǎng)期的朋友在一起，而犧牲了其他的關(guān)系)”可知，年長(zhǎng)的雄性黑猩猩更重視舊的友誼。故選A項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Theresearchersstudied78,000hoursofobservationsmadebetween1996and2016thatfollowedthesocialinteractionsof21malechimpanzeesbetweentheagesof15and58yearsold.(研究人員研究了1996年至2016年間對(duì)21只年齡在15歲至58歲之間的雄性黑猩猩進(jìn)行的7.8萬(wàn)小時(shí)的社會(huì)交往觀察)”可推知，研究人員是通過(guò)分析二十年來(lái)的觀察得出關(guān)于黑猩猩的結(jié)論的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第四段劃線詞前面的“Asthemalesgotolder,theirlevelsofaggression(挑釁)tailedoff,meaningtheystartedfewerfights(隨著雄性年齡的增長(zhǎng)，他們的挑釁水平逐漸下降，這意味著他們開(kāi)始減少爭(zhēng)斗)”可知，隨著雄性黑猩猩年齡的增長(zhǎng)，它們也更少恐嚇群體中的其他成員。由此推知，劃線詞“intimidate”的意思為“威脅，恐嚇”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章最后一段“Inchimpanzees,asoldermalescompetelessformates,theymayfocusonclose,reciprocal(互惠的)relationshipswithtrustedpartners,shesaid.(她說(shuō)，在黑猩猩身上，隨著年齡較大的雄性黑猩猩爭(zhēng)奪配偶的機(jī)會(huì)減少，它們可能會(huì)專注于與可信任的伴侶建立親密、互惠的關(guān)系)”可知，RobinDunbar指出，減少對(duì)配偶的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)導(dǎo)致了黑猩猩社交圈的減少。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Mostpeopleknowhowtomanage,express,andcopewithemotionsinahealthyway._____16_____Infact,knowinghowtoregulateemotionsisimportantforeveryone.Butwhatisemotionregulation,andhowcanyouimproveyouremotionregulationskills?_____17_____Manyresearchersviewemotionregulationastheabilitytoenhanceorreduceyouremotionsasneeded.Othersdefineitasasetofskillsthathelpkeepyouremotionalsystemhealthyandfunctioning.Wecanlearntoadjustwhatemotionwehave,howintenseitis,whenwehaveit,andhowwereacttoit.Thedefiningaspectofemotionregulationisthatitoccurswhenagoalisactivated.Goalsarehighlyindividual.They'rewhatwepictureinourheads.Yourgoalscanbeactivatedbyyourenvironment.Youmayregulateyouremotionstoinfluenceachangeinsomeoneelse._____18_____Forinstance,whenyourbosstreatsyoupoorlyatwork,youactasifitdoesn'tbotheryoubecauseyou'rehopingforajobpromotion.Mindfulnessisthepracticeofbeingpresentinthemoment.Mindfulpeoplelearntobeawareofthebreathstheytake,thetensionintheirmuscles,andeventheirpulserates.Theycanobjectivelyobservethemselvesindifficultmoments,confidentthateventhesetimeswillpass._____19_____Inandofthemselves,emotionsarenotgoodorbad,thoughtheymaybescary,especiallywhenthey'reintense._____20_____Butthemoreyoudoit,themorenaturalitbecomes.Mindfulnessskillscanhelpwiththistoo.A.Learninghowtoacceptyouremotionstakespractice.B.Beingmindfulcanhelpyoutodealwithyouremotions.C.Thereisnooneagreed-upondefinitionofemotionregulation.D.Emotionregulationgoalsvarystronglyfromsituationtosituation.E.Forsomepeople,though,emotionregulationismuchmoredifficult.F.Emotionregulationreferstotheabilitytocontrolone'sownemotions.G.Sometimesyoumayregulateyouremotionstoachieveanotherendgoal.【答案】16.E17.C18.G19.B20.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了情緒調(diào)節(jié)的重要性，介紹了幾個(gè)提高情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力的小技巧?！?6題詳解】上文“Mostpeopleknowhowtomanage,express,andcopewithemotionsinahealthyway.（大多數(shù)人都知道如何以健康的方式管理、表達(dá)和應(yīng)對(duì)情緒。）”說(shuō)明很多人知道如何管理情緒，空格處承上啟下，下文“Infact,knowinghowtoregulateemotionsisimportantforeveryone.Butwhatisemotionregulation,andhowcanyouimproveyouremotionregulationskills?（事實(shí)上，知道如何調(diào)節(jié)情緒對(duì)每個(gè)人都很重要。但是什么是情緒調(diào)節(jié)，你如何提高自己的情緒調(diào)節(jié)技能呢？）”對(duì)情緒管理進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步闡述，E項(xiàng)“不過(guò)，對(duì)有些人來(lái)說(shuō)，情緒調(diào)節(jié)要困難得多?！狈衔囊?。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】下文“Manyresearchersviewemotionregulationastheabilitytoenhanceorreduceyouremotionsasneeded.Othersdefineitasasetofskillsthathelpkeepyouremotionalsystemhealthyandfunctioning.（許多研究者認(rèn)為情緒調(diào)節(jié)是一種根據(jù)需要增強(qiáng)或減少情緒的能力。其他人則將其定義為一套有助于保持情緒系統(tǒng)健康和功能的技能。）”指出許多研究者和其他人的觀點(diǎn)，說(shuō)明關(guān)于情緒調(diào)節(jié)沒(méi)有一個(gè)一致的定義，C項(xiàng)“對(duì)于情緒調(diào)節(jié)還沒(méi)有一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的定義?！币鱿挛?，符合文意。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文“Youmayregulateyouremotionstoinfluenceachangeinsomeoneelse.（你可能調(diào)節(jié)你的情緒去影響某人的改變。）”說(shuō)明需要適當(dāng)調(diào)節(jié)情緒的某些原因，引出下文需要調(diào)節(jié)情緒的其他原因，G項(xiàng)“有時(shí)你可以調(diào)節(jié)你的情緒來(lái)達(dá)到另一個(gè)最終目標(biāo)?！背猩蠁⑾?，符合文意，且G項(xiàng)中的“goal”與本段首句一致。故選G項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】上文“Mindfulpeoplelearntobeawareofthebreathstheytake,thetensionintheirmuscles,andeventheirpulserates.Theycanobjectivelyobservethemselvesindifficultmoments,confidentthateventhesetimeswillpass.（有心人學(xué)會(huì)意識(shí)到自己的呼吸，肌肉的緊張，甚至脈搏的頻率。他們能在困難時(shí)刻客觀地觀察自己，相信即使這些時(shí)刻也會(huì)過(guò)去）”說(shuō)明了有心人對(duì)于一些問(wèn)題的處理方式，引出下文留心的益處。B項(xiàng)“留心能幫助你管理自己的情緒。”符合文意，承接上文。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】下文“Butthemoreyoudoit,themorenaturalitbecomes.（但是你做的越多，就會(huì)越自然。）”指出調(diào)節(jié)情緒需要不斷練習(xí)，A項(xiàng)“學(xué)習(xí)如何接受你的情緒需要練習(xí)。”符合文意。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分：語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Atayoungage,DarriusSimmonsfellinlovewiththepiano.Ashewatchedothersplay,hewas____21____bythejoythepianogavethem.Hewantedtoexperiencethat,too,butknewforhimitwouldbea/an____22____.“Idecidedatage10thatIwantedtolearnhowtoplaythepiano,____23____itwasgoingtotakealittlebit____24____workformetolearn,”Simmonssays.“Iknewmostpeoplehad10fingerswhileIhadfour,yetIwaspretty____25____Icouldmakeitwork.”TheWarren,Ohioteenagerwasbornwithagenetic____26____calledectrodactyly(先天性缺指畸形).Hehasthreefingersonhisrighthandand____27____fingeronhisleft.Butitdidn’t____28____Simmonsfromfollowinghis____29____.Withnoformaltraining,Simmonstaughthimselfbyearhowtoplaythepiano.Hepracticedandpracticed,findingawayto______30______thekeyswithfourfingerswhilemasteringthepedalswithhisprostheses(假肢).Simmonsknewhewouldhaveto______31______hisownstyleofplaying.“Icouldn’tbaseit______32______thetechniqueofsomebodywhohas10fingers.Itjustwouldn’t______33______.”Hesays.“That’s______34______itwashardformetotakepianolessons.It’svery______35______forsomebodywhohaslearnedhowtoplaywith10fingerstoadjustandteachmewithonlyfour.”Thenow18-year-oldnotonlylearnedhowtoplayandreadmusicbutalsobegancomposing.Hismother,TamaraSimmons,isn’tsurprisedbyDarrius’______36______.Sheknowshowfocusedand______37______hecanbe.Frommasteringmusictobeating______38______challenges,DarriusSimmonssetsoutto______39______theworld.“Iliketobesomebody’s______40______,”hesays.“IfIplayinfrontofawholecrowdandIseeonepersonsmile,that’sajobwelldone.”21.A.frightened B.amazed C.interested D.disturbed22.A.challenge B.opportunity C.fortune D.trouble23.A.when B.but C.and D.therefore24.A.more B.much C.fewer D.less25.A.surprised B.worried C.sure D.glad26.A.condition B.environment C.event D.tendency27.A.one B.two C.three D.five28.A.encourage B.prevent C.remove D.change29.A.actions B.roads C.instructions D.passions30.A.reach B.repair C.remove D.clean31.A.appreciate B.abandon C.develop D.change32.A.by B.in C.through D.on33.A.support B.run C.operate D.work34.A.why B.because C.when D.whether35.A.easy B.tough C.funny D.stupid36.A.ideas B.creations C.difficulties D.achievements37.A.kind B.determined C.talented D.generous38.A.spiritual B.mental C.physical D.emotional39.A.please B.persuade C.inspire D.cheer40.A.partner B.symbol C.aim D.motivation【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.A25.C26.A27.A28.B29.D30.A31.C32.D33.D34.A35.B36.D37.B38.C39.C40.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了DarriusSimmons(達(dá)里厄斯·西蒙斯)，雖然只有四個(gè)手指頭，卻通過(guò)練習(xí)，掌握了彈鋼琴的方法，獲得了巨大的成就的故事。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他看著別人演奏時(shí)，他對(duì)鋼琴帶給他們的快樂(lè)感到驚訝。A.frightened害怕的；B.amazed驚訝的；C.interested感興趣的；D.disturbed不安的。由下文的“thejoythepianogavethem”可知，看到別人彈鋼琴時(shí)，對(duì)于鋼琴帶給人快樂(lè)這一事，西蒙斯會(huì)覺(jué)得驚訝。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他也想體驗(yàn)一下，但他知道這對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。A.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)；C.fortune運(yùn)氣；D.trouble麻煩。由下文的“Iknewmostpeoplehad10fingerswhileIhadfour”可知，西蒙斯只有四根手指，因此他知道彈鋼琴對(duì)他而言是一種挑戰(zhàn)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：西蒙斯說(shuō)：“我在10歲的時(shí)候就決定要學(xué)彈鋼琴，但我需要做更多的工作來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)?！盇.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；B.but但是；C.and和；D.therefore因此。由上文的“Idecidedatage10thatIwantedtolearnhowtoplaythepiano”和下文的“itwasgoingtotakealittlebit____4____workformetolearn”可知，上下文表轉(zhuǎn)折，用并列連詞but。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：西蒙斯說(shuō)：“我在10歲的時(shí)候就決定要學(xué)彈鋼琴，但我需要做更多的工作來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)?！盇.more更多的；B.much大量的；C.fewer較少的；D.less比較小的。由下文的“Iknewmostpeoplehad10fingerswhileIhadfour”可知，西蒙斯只有四根手指，要學(xué)會(huì)彈鋼琴需要更多的工作或努力。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道大多數(shù)人都有十個(gè)手指，而我有四個(gè)，但我很確定我能做成這件事。A.surprised驚訝；B.worried擔(dān)憂的；C.sure確定的；D.glad高興的。由下文的“Icouldmakeitwork”可知，西蒙斯覺(jué)得自己能學(xué)會(huì)彈鋼琴，自己能夠做成這件事，可得出他很確定自己能成功。故選C項(xiàng)。26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這位俄亥俄州沃倫市的青少年出生時(shí)就患有一種稱為“先天性缺指畸形”的遺傳病。A.condition狀況、疾?。籅.environment環(huán)境；C.event事件；D.tendency趨勢(shì)。由下文的“ectrodactyly(先天性缺指畸形)”可知，此處指西蒙斯患有一種稱為“先天性缺指畸形”的遺傳病。故選A項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查數(shù)詞詞義辨析。句意：他右手有三個(gè)手指，左手有一個(gè)手指。A.one一個(gè)；B.two兩個(gè)；C.three三個(gè)；D.five五個(gè)。由上文的“Iknewmostpeoplehad10fingerswhileIhadfour”可知，西蒙斯只有四根手指，他右手有三個(gè)手指，那么左手有一個(gè)手指。故選A項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但這并沒(méi)有阻止西蒙斯追隨他的激情。A.encourage鼓勵(lì)；B.prevent阻止；C.remove移除；D.change改變。由下文的“Withnoformaltraining,Simmonstaughthimselfbyearhowtoplaythepiano.”可知，即使身患疾病，西蒙斯也要學(xué)習(xí)彈鋼琴，說(shuō)明疾病無(wú)法阻止西蒙斯學(xué)習(xí)彈鋼琴，preventsb.fromdoingsth.(阻止某人干某事)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但這并沒(méi)有阻止西蒙斯追隨他的激情。A.actions行動(dòng)；B.roads道路；C.instructions命令；D.passions熱愛(ài)。由上文語(yǔ)境可知，西蒙斯身患疾病，卻仍要學(xué)習(xí)彈鋼琴，說(shuō)明疾病無(wú)法阻止西蒙斯去追隨自己對(duì)鋼琴的熱愛(ài)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他練習(xí)了又練習(xí)，找到了一種用四個(gè)手指夠到琴鍵的方法，同時(shí)用他的假肢掌握踏板。A.reach夠得著、到達(dá)；B.repair修理；C.remove移除；D.clean清理。由下文的“thekeyswithfourfingers”可知，此處指用四個(gè)手指摸到、夠到琴鍵。故選A項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：西蒙斯知道他必須發(fā)展自己的演奏風(fēng)格。A.appreciate感激；B.abandon拋棄；C.develop發(fā)展；D.change改變。由下文的“hisownstyleofplaying”可知，自己的演奏風(fēng)格是需要發(fā)展的。故選C項(xiàng)。32題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：他說(shuō)：“我不能把自己的演奏風(fēng)格建立在一個(gè)有10個(gè)手指的人的彈奏技巧上。這根本不起作用?！盇.by在……旁邊；B.in在……里面；C.through通過(guò)；D.on在……上。由本處語(yǔ)境可知，西蒙斯知道自己不能以有十根手指的人的彈奏技巧作為基礎(chǔ)，base…on…(以……為基礎(chǔ))。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他說(shuō)：“我不能把自己的演奏風(fēng)格建立在一個(gè)有10個(gè)手指的人的彈奏技巧上。這根本不起作用?！盇.support支持；B.run跑；C.operate操作；D.work工作、起作用。由上文語(yǔ)境可知，西蒙斯只有四根手指，所以有十根手指的人的彈奏技巧對(duì)西蒙斯而言是行不通的、沒(méi)作用的。故選D項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：這就是為什么我很難上鋼琴課的原因。A.why為什么；B.because因?yàn)?；C.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；D.whether是否。由下文的“itwashardformetotakepianolessons”可知，“我很難上鋼琴課”是原因，that’swhy…(那是為什么……的原因)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)于一個(gè)已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了如何用十個(gè)手指彈奏的人來(lái)說(shuō)，用四個(gè)手指來(lái)調(diào)整和教我是非常困難的。A.easy容易的；B.tough艱難的；C.funny有趣的；D.stupid愚蠢的。由下文的“somebodywhohaslearnedhowtoplaywith10fingerstoadjustandteachmewithonlyfour”可知，讓一個(gè)已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了如何用十個(gè)手指彈奏的人，用四個(gè)手指來(lái)調(diào)整和教西蒙斯彈鋼琴，這是非常困難的事。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的母親塔瑪拉·西蒙斯對(duì)達(dá)里厄斯的成就并不感到驚訝。A.ideas想法；B.creations創(chuàng)造；C.difficulties困難；D.achievements成就。由上文的“Thenow18-year-oldnotonlylearnedhowtoplayandreadmusicbutalsobegancomposing”可知，西蒙斯不僅學(xué)會(huì)了演奏和看懂樂(lè)譜，還開(kāi)始作曲，這是西蒙斯的成就，他媽媽對(duì)他的成就并不感到意外。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她知道他是多么專注和堅(jiān)定。A.kind善良的；B.determined決心的、堅(jiān)定的；C.talented有天賦的；D.generous慷慨的。由上文語(yǔ)境可知，即使身患疾病，西蒙斯也要學(xué)習(xí)彈鋼琴，還取得了一定的成就，說(shuō)明他是一個(gè)有決心的人、堅(jiān)定的人。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：從掌握音樂(lè)到戰(zhàn)勝身體挑戰(zhàn)，達(dá)里厄斯·西蒙斯致力于激勵(lì)世界。A.spiritual精神的；B.mental心理的；C.physical身體的；D.emotional感情的。由上文的“Iknewmostpeoplehad10fingerswhileIhadfour”和“bornwithagenetic____6____calledectrodactyly(先天性缺指畸形)”可知，西蒙斯身有殘疾，此處指西蒙斯身體上的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：從掌握音樂(lè)到戰(zhàn)勝身體挑戰(zhàn)，達(dá)里厄斯·西蒙斯致力于激勵(lì)世界。A.please使?jié)M意；B.persuade說(shuō)服；C.inspire激勵(lì)；D.cheer歡呼。由上文語(yǔ)境可知，即使身患疾病，西蒙斯也要學(xué)習(xí)彈鋼琴，還取得了一定的成就，他的事跡鼓舞著世界。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我喜歡成為某人的動(dòng)力，”他說(shuō)。A.partner伙伴；B.symbol象征；C.aim目標(biāo)；D.motivation動(dòng)機(jī)。由上文語(yǔ)境和下文的“IfIplayinfrontofawholecrowdandIseeonepersonsmile,that’sajobwelldone.(如果我在一大群人面前演奏，并看到一個(gè)人微笑，那就太棒了)”可知，西蒙斯鼓舞著世界，他人的微笑讓他感覺(jué)很好，說(shuō)明他想成為他人的動(dòng)力。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式．AirCaristhelatestgenerationflyingcar______