定語從句與關系副詞專項訓練題定語從句，作為英語語法中用以修飾名詞或代詞的重要手段，其靈活運用往往是衡量語言運用能力的一個重要方面。而關系副詞在其中扮演的角色，常令不少學習者在實際應用中感到困惑，尤其是在選擇恰當的關系副詞來準確表達時間、地點或原因時。本次專項訓練旨在通過系統(tǒng)梳理與針對性練習，幫助學習者深化對關系副詞when,where,why的理解，并提升其在語境中正確運用的能力。一、核心概念回顧：定語從句與關系副詞在深入訓練之前，我們先來明確關系副詞的定義與基本功能。關系副詞主要用于引導限制性定語從句，在從句中充當狀語成分，指代先行詞，并說明先行詞的時間、地點或原因。1.when:指代表示時間的先行詞（如time,day,year,moment等），在定語從句中作時間狀語。*例：Istillrememberthedaywhenwefirstmet.(我仍然記得我們初次見面的那一天。)此處，"when"指代先行詞"theday"，在從句中作時間狀語，相當于"onwhich"。2.where:指代表示地點的先行詞（如place,city,country,house等），在定語從句中作地點狀語。*例：ThisisthecitywhereIwasborn.(這就是我出生的城市。)此處，"where"指代先行詞"thecity"，在從句中作地點狀語，相當于"inwhich"。3.why:指代表示原因的先行詞（通常是"reason"），在定語從句中作原因狀語。*例：Couldyoutellmethereasonwhyyouwerelate?(你能告訴我你遲到的原因嗎？)此處，"why"指代先行詞"thereason"，在從句中作原因狀語，相當于"forwhich"。特別提示：關系副詞在從句中是作狀語的，這意味著如果定語從句中不缺少主語或賓語，而是缺少狀語，那么我們就需要考慮使用關系副詞。這一點是區(qū)分關系代詞（如which,that,who,whom,whose）與關系副詞的關鍵。二、專項訓練題第一部分：基礎鞏固(Fillintheblankswithappropriaterelativeadverbs:when,where,why)請用適當的關系副詞when,where,why填空。1.Iwillneverforgettheyear______Igraduatedfromcollege.2.Thisisthepark______weoftenhavepicnicsonweekends.3.Doyouknowthereason______sherefusedtheinvitation?4.Themuseum______wevisitedyesterdayhasarichcollectionofancientartifacts.(思考：此處能用關系副詞嗎？)5.Hecameatatime______Ineededhelpthemost.6.Thatistheprimaryschool______myfathertaughtforthirtyyears.7.Thereason______hewasabsentfromthemeetingisstillunclear.9.Isthereashopnearhere______Icanbuyapairofsunglasses?10.Irecallthemoment______Ifirstlaideyesonthebeautifulscenery.第二部分：辨析提升(Choosethebestanswer)從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1.Thisisthefactory______myfatherworkedforovertwentyyears.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what2.Ican'tunderstandthereason______hechangedhismindatthelastminute.A.whenB.whereC.whyD.which3.Doyoustillrememberthesummerholiday______wespenttogetherinthecountryside?A.whenB.whereC.thatD.why(思考：比較本句與第一部分第2題，感受先行詞在從句中的成分差異)4.Thesmalltown______westoppedforlunchwasverycharming.A.whenB.whereC.whyD.which5.Thereareoccasions______onemustyield.A.whenB.whereC.whyD.which用關系副詞將下列兩個簡單句合并成一個帶有定語從句的復合句。1.Iwasborninthathospital.Ithasbeencloseddownnow.→Thehospital________________________hasbeencloseddownnow.2.Shegavemethereason.Shewaslatefortheappointmentforthatreason.→Shegavemethereason__________________latefortheappointment.3.Helefthishometownin2000.Hissonwasbornthatyear.→2000wastheyear________________________andlefthishometown.第四部分：語篇填空(Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswithappropriaterelativeadverbs.)閱讀下面短文，用適當的關系副詞填空。Igrewupinasmallvillage______lifewassimpleandpeaceful.Therewasabigoldtreeattheentranceofthevillage______childrenoftenplayedafterschool.Istillremembertheafternoons______weclimbedupthetreeandlookedoutoverthegreenfields.Mygrandmotherusedtotellmestoriesunderthattree,______isoneofmymostcherishedmemories.Thevillageschool______Istudiedforsixyearswasared-brickbuildingwithalargeplayground.Mr.Li,______taughtusmathematics,wasakindandpatientteacher.Ioftenthinkaboutthosedays______wehadnoworriesandenjoyedthepurejoyofchildhood.Ibelievethesearetheexperiences______shapeaperson'scharacter.三、答案與解析第一部分：基礎鞏固1.when(先行詞是theyear，在從句中作時間狀語)2.where(先行詞是thepark，在從句中作地點狀語)3.why(先行詞是thereason，在從句中作原因狀語)4.which/that(先行詞是themuseum，在從句中作visited的賓語，故需用關系代詞which或that，而非關系副詞。這是一個常見的易混點，需特別注意從句中是否缺賓語。)5.when(先行詞是atime，在從句中作時間狀語)6.where(先行詞是theprimaryschool，在從句中作地點狀語，myfathertaughtintheschool)7.why(先行詞是thereason，在從句中作原因狀語)8.when(先行詞是theday，在從句中作時間狀語)9.where(先行詞是ashop，在從句中作地點狀語，Icanbuy...intheshop)10.when(先行詞是themoment，在從句中作時間狀語)第二部分：辨析提升1.B(先行詞是thefactory，在從句中作地點狀語"myfatherworkedinthefactory")2.C(先行詞是thereason，在從句中作原因狀語)3.C(先行詞是thesummerholiday，在從句中作spent的賓語，故用關系代詞that或which。比較：如果原句是"Doyoustillrememberthesummerholiday______westayedtogetherinthecountryside?"，則用when，因為stayed后面不缺賓語，"westayedinthecountrysideduringthesummerholiday"。)4.B(先行詞是thesmalltown，在從句中作地點狀語"westoppedforlunchinthesmalltown")5.A(先行詞是occasions(場合，時候)，在從句中作時間狀語"onemustyieldonthoseoccasions")第三部分：句子改寫1.ThehospitalwhereIwasbornhasbeencloseddownnow.(原句：Iwasborninthathospital.Ithasbeencloseddownnow.合并時，thathospital作為先行詞，用where引導定語從句，在從句中作地點狀語。)2.Shegavemethereasonwhyshewaslatefortheappointment.(原句：Shegavemethereason.Shewaslatefortheappointmentforthatreason.合并時，thereason作為先行詞，用why引導定語從句，在從句中作原因狀語，相當于forwhich。)3.2000wastheyearwhenhissonwasbornandlefthishometown.(原句：Helefthishometownin2000.Hissonwasbornthatyear.合并時，theyear2000作為先行詞，用when引導定語從句，在從句中作時間狀語。)第四部分：語篇填空Igrewupinasmallvillagewherelifewassimpleandpeaceful.Therewasabigoldtreeattheentranceofthevillagewherechildrenoftenplayedafterschool.Istillremembertheafternoonswhenweclimbedupthetreeandlookedoutoverthegreenfields.Mygrandmotherusedtotellmestoriesunderthattree,whichisoneofmymostcherishedmemories.(此處為非限制性定語從句，指代前面整個句子，故用which，非關系副詞考點)ThevillageschoolwhereIstudiedforsixyearswasared-brickbuildingwithalargeplayground.Mr.Li,whotaughtusmathematics,wasakindandpatientteacher.(此處先行詞是人，用who，非關系副詞考點)Ioftenthinkaboutthosedayswhenwehadnoworriesandenjoyedthepurejoyofchildhood.Ibelievethesearetheexperiencesthat/whichshapeaperson'scharacter.(此處先行詞是experiences，在從句中作主語，用關系代詞that或which，非關系副詞考點)*解析：**第一空：village是地點，從句"lifewassimpleandpeaceful"主謂賓完整，缺地點狀語，用where。*第二空