高一英語試卷英語閱讀理解(社會文化)題分類匯編及解析一、高中英語閱讀理解社會文化類1．閱讀理解

Itravelalot,andIfindoutdifferent"styles"(風(fēng)格)ofdirectionseverytimeIask"HowcanIgettothepostoffice?"

Foreigntouristsareoftenconfused(困惑的)inJapanbecausemoststreetstheredon'thavenames.InJapan,peopleuselandmarks(地標(biāo))intheirdirectionsinsteadofstreetnames.Forexample,theJapanesewillsaytotravelers,"Gostraightdowntothecorner.Turnleftatthebighotelandgopastafruitmarket.Thepostofficeisacrossfromthebusstop."

InthecountrysideoftheAmericanMidwest,therearenotusuallymanylandmarks.Therearenomountains,sothelandisveryflat.Inmanyplacestherearenotownsorbuildingswithinmiles.Insteadoflandmarks,peoplewilltellyoudirectionsanddistances.InKansasorIowa,forexample,peoplewillsay,"Gonorthtwomiles.Turneast,andthengoanothermile.

PeopleinLosAngeles,California,havenoideaofdistanceonthemap.Theymeasuredistanceintime,notmiles."Howfarawayisthepostoffice?"youask."Oh,"theyanswer,"it'saboutfiveminutesfromhere."Yousay,"Yes,buthowmanymilesisit?"Theydon'tknow.

It'struethatapersondoesn'tknowtheanswertoyourquestionsometimes.Whathappensinsuchasituation?ANewYorkermightsay,"Sorry,Ihavenoidea."ButinYucatan,Mexico,nooneanswers"Idon'tknow".PeopleinYucatanbelievethat"Idon'tknow"isimpolite.Theyusuallygiveananswer,oftenawrongone.Atouristcangetvery,verylostinYucatan!（1）WhenatouristaskstheJapanesethewaytoacertainplace,theyusually_______.A.describetheplacecarefullyB.showhimamapoftheplaceC.tellhimthenamesofthestreetsD.refertorecognizablebuildingsandplaces（2）Whatistheplacewherepeoplemeasuredistanceintime?A.NewYork.B.LosAngles.C.KansasD.Lowa.（3）PeopleinYucatanmaygiveatouristawronganswer________.A.inordertosavetimeB.asatestC.soastobepoliteD.forfun（4）Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.It'simportantfortravelerstounderstandculturaldifferences.B.It'susefulfortravelerstoknowhowtoaskthewayproperly.C.Peoplehavesimilarunderstandingofpoliteness.D.NewYorkersaregenerallyfriendlytovisitors.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，作者圍繞不同國家回答問路的風(fēng)格，介紹了不同國度的不同文化。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Foreigntouristsareoftenconfused（困惑的）inJapanbecausemoststreetstheredon'thavenames.InJapan,peopleuselandmarks（地標(biāo)）intheirdirectionsinsteadofstreetnames.”可知在日本通常是用地標(biāo)指路。故選D。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“PeopleinLosAngeles,California,havenoideaofdistanceonthemap;theymeasuredistanceintime,notmiles.”可知，在洛杉磯用走一段路用多少時間來指路。故選B。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ButinYucatan,Mexico,nooneanswers‘Idon'tknow.’PeopleinYucatanbelievethat‘Idon'tknow’isimpolite.”可推斷，因尤卡坦人可能會給游客一個錯誤的答案的目的是為了禮貌。故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Ifindoutdifferent‘styles’ofdirectionseverytimeIask‘HowcanIgettothepostoffice?’"以及下文舉例說明可知，作者圍繞回答問路的風(fēng)格，介紹了不同國度的不同文化。因此推斷作者說明了對旅行者來說了解不同地方的文化差異很重要。故選A。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

ThefinalresultsofBest-EverTeenFictionvotearein.Whileit'snosurprisetoseeHarryPotterandTheHungerGamesseriesontop,thisyear'slistalsohighlightssomewritersweweren'tasfamiliarwith.Forexample,JohnGreen,authorofTheFaultinOurStars,appearsfivetimesinthetop100.

Summer,likeyouth,passesquickly.Butthebookswereadwhenwe'reyoungcanstaywithusforalifetime.Thefollowingarethetop4onthelist.Enjoy.

⒈HarryPotterseries

TheHarryPotterbooksmakeupthepopularserieswrittenbyJ.K.Rowing.Theseriesincludessevenbooks.Thebooksconcernawizard(魔法師)calledHarryPotterandhisjourneythroughHogwartsSchoolofWitchcraftandWizardry.ThestoriestellofhimovercomingdangerousobstaclestodefeatthedarkwizardLordVoldemortwhokilledhisparentswhenHarrywas15monthsold.

⒉TheHungerGamesseries

IntheruinsofafutureNorthAmerica,ayounggirlispickedtoleaveherpoordistrictandtraveltoCapitolforabattletothedeathinthecruelHungerGames.ButforKatnissEverdeen,themaincharacterinthisseriesbySuzanneCollins,winningtheGamesonlyputsherdeeperindangerasthestrictsocialorderofPanembeginstounravel(瓦解).

⒊ToKillaMockingbird

AuthorHarperLeeexploresracialtensionsinthefictional"tiredoldtown"ofMaycomb,Ala.,throughtheeyesof6-year-oldScoutFinch.Asherlawyerfather,Atticus,defendsablackmanaccusedofacrime,ScoutandherfriendslearnabouttheunjusttreatmentofAfrican-Americans–andtheirmysteriousneighbor,BooRadley.

⒋ThefaultinOurStars

HazelGrace,ateenagegirl,hasgotallsortsofcancerinsideherbody,andherlungsaren'tworkingverywell.Sheknowssheisdyinganddoesn'tliveinhopeanymore.WhenamannamedAugustusWaterssuddenlyappearsattheCancerKidSupportGroup,Hazel'sstoryisabouttobecompletelyrewritten.（1）WhatdoweknowaboutJohnGreen?A.

Oneofhisnovelstopsthelist.B.

Manyofhisnovelsareverypopular.C.

Heisthefavoritewriterofmanyteens.D.

Hewasawell-knownwriterlongbeforethevote.（2）WhoistheauthorofTheHungerGamesseries?A.

HarperLee.

B.

JohnGreen.

C.

J.K.Rowling.

D.

SuzanneCollins.（3）WhatisToKillaMockingbirdmainlyabout?A.

Lifelongfriendships.

B.

Racialdiscrimination.C.

Amanworkingasalawyer.

D.

Alittlegirl'sdifficultchildhood.（4）HazelinTheFaultinOurStars______.A.

isveryoptimistic

B.

writesagreatstoryC.

makesmanymistakes

D.

ischangedbyAugustus.（5）Inwhichpartofanewspapercanwefindthetextprobably?A.

Sports.

B.

News.

C.

Literature.

D.

Entertainment.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）B（4）D（5）C【解析】【分析】

短文大意：本文介紹了最受青少年喜愛的四部小說。（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段thisyear'slistalsohighlightssomewritersweweren'tasfamiliarwith.Forexample,JohnGreen,authorofTheFaultinOurStars,appearsfivetimesinthetop100.可知，本年度的名單中出現(xiàn)了一些我們不是很熟悉的作家，比如JohnGreen，在前100里出現(xiàn)了五次，可知，其小說很受歡迎，故選B。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段ButforKatnissEverdeen,themaincharacterinthisseriesbySuzanneCollins可知，饑餓游戲的作者為SuzanneCollins，故選D。（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本部分AuthorHarperLeeexploresracialtensionsinthefictional"tiredoldtown"ofMaycomb可知，殺死一只知更鳥，探討種族歧視問題，故選B。（4）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段WhenamannamedAugustusWaterssuddenlyappearsattheCancerKidSupportGroup,Hazel'sstoryisabouttobecompletelyrewritten.可知，當(dāng)AugustusWaters出現(xiàn)的時候，Hazel的人生發(fā)生了改變，故選D。（5）推理判斷題題。本文主要介紹四部受青少年喜愛的小說，故與文學(xué)有關(guān)，故選C?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題、推斷題兩種常考題型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。3．閱讀理解

TheNazcaLinesareaseriesoflargeancientgeoglyphs(地畫)intheNazcaDesert,insouthernPeru.Itisrangingfromgeometricpatternstodrawingsofdifferentanimalsandstylizedhuman-likeforms.Theancientlinescanonlybetrulytakeninfromhighintheair,leavinggenerationspuzzledastohowthesepreciseworkscouldhavebeencompletedlongbeforethedocumentedinventionofhumanflight.

TheLineswerefirstspottedwhencommercialairlinesbeganflyingacrossthePeruviandesertinthe1920,s.Whobuiltthemandwhatwastheirpurpose?Aretheyroads,starpointers，maybeevenagiganticmap?Ifthepeoplewholivedhere2,000yearsagohadonlyasimpletechnology,howdidtheymanagetoconstructsuchprecisefigures?Didtheyhaveaplan?Thesemarkingsarelikeavastpuzzle.

TheNazcaLinesarethemostoutstandinggroupofgeoglyphsintheworld.TherearealsohugegeoglyphsinEgypt,Malta，UnitedStates(MississippiandCalifornia),Chile，Holiviaandinothercountries.ButtheNazcageoglyphs,becauseoftheirnumbers，characteristics,dimensionsandculturalcontinuityastheyweremadeandremadethroughoutacertainhistoryperiod,formthemostimpressivearcheological(考古學(xué)的)group.

TheNazcaplainisuniqueforitsabilitytopreservethemarkingsuponit,duetothecombinationoftheclimate(oneofthedriestonEarth,withonlytwentyminutesofrainfallperyear)andtheflat,stonygroundwhichminimizestheeffectofthewindatgroundlevel.Withnodustorsandtocovertheplainandlittlerainorwindtoerode(腐蝕)it,linesdrawnheretendtostaydrawn.Thesefactors,combinedwiththeexistenceoflighter-coloredsubsoilbeneaththedesertsurface,provideavastwritingpadthatissuitedtotheartistwhowantstoleavehismarketernal.（1）WhatcanweknowabouttheNazcaLinesfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.

Theywerebuiltasabigmap.

B.

Theywereformedbynature.C.

Theyareancientlinesincaves.

D.

Theyarehugemarkingsinadesert（2）HowmanyfactorsmaketheNazcaLinesthemostimpressive?A.

One.

B.

Two.

C.

Three.

D.

Four.（3）WhyaretheNazcaLineswellpreserved?A.

Becauseofthewindatgroundlevel.

B.

Becauseoftheexistenceofsoftsoil.C.

Becauseoftheclimateandgeography.

D.

Becauseofthethicksandonthetop.（4）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eternal”probablymean?A.

Non-stop.

B.

Ever-lasting.

C.

Real-life.

D.

High-end.【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了出現(xiàn)在秘魯南部Nazca沙漠的大型古代地畫TheNazcaLines，其神奇之處及形成原因。(1)考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“TheNazcaLinesareaseriesoflargeancientgeoglyphs(地畫)intheNazcaDesert,insouthernPeru.”及對TheNazcaLines圖案和發(fā)現(xiàn)過程的具體介紹，可知theNazcaLines是出現(xiàn)在秘魯南部Nazca沙漠的大型古代地畫，故選D。(2)考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Whobuiltthemandwhatwastheirpurpose?Aretheyroads,starpointers，maybeevenagiganticmap?Ifthepeoplewholivedhere2,000yearsagohadonlyasimpletechnology,howdidtheymanagetoconstructsuchprecisefigures?Didtheyhaveaplan?”四方面使人迷惑的問題，可知這四個因素使theNazcaLines更獨特更使人們難忘，故選D。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“TheNazcaplainisuniqueforitsabilitytopreservethemarkingsuponit,duetothecombinationoftheclimateandtheflat,stonygroundwhichminimizestheeffectofthewindatgroundlevel.”可知因為這里干燥少雨的氣候和平坦多石的地形使地畫能很好的被保留，故選C。(4)考查詞義猜測。最后一句指這些因素，加上沙漠表面下淺色地下土壤的存在，給那些想要永久留下印記的藝術(shù)家提供了一個巨大的書寫板?！癳ternal”永恒的，和Ever-lasting同義，故選B。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和詞義猜測三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并進一步根據(jù)上下文進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

EntrepreneurandCEOofTeslaandSpaceX,EldonMuskmayhavealittlemoretimeonhishands,ashe'sleavinghispositionontheboardoftheOpenAl,accordingtoablogpost.

ThedepartureislikelytheresultofTesla'smovingintothefieldofArtificialIntelligence(AI)，whichhesaidin2017wouldbethe“bestintheworld”andwouldevenbeableto“predictyourdestination,”Muskwillcontinueto“donateandadvisetheorganization,”O(jiān)penAIsaidinablogpostonFeb.20,addingthat“AsTeslacontinuestobecomemorefocusedonAI,thiswillavoidapotentialfutureconflictforEldon.

MuskandYCombinerCEOSamAltmanco-foundedthenonprofitenterpriseinDecember2015,itsmissionistodevelopsafeartificialgeneralintelligenceandensurethosedevelopmentsaremadepublic.OpenAIresearcherspublishedapaperonthesiteArXiv,org,detailingthepossiblesecurethreatsthatcomewith“malicious”AI.Infact,Muskhasheardthe“evilAI”alarmseveraltimes,OnAug.11，2017,hewarnedthatartificialintelligenceposesabiggerthreattohumanity,andhetoldagatheringofstategovernorsthatthegovernmentneedstoregulateAlbeforerobotsstart“killingpeople.”

Musk'sdeparturefromtheOpenAIboardcouldmeanbigthingsforTesla.AsEtonGoodbye,afinancialreporter,notedonFuturism,themove“couldsignalthatTeslaismoredeeplycommittedtotheirownAIprojectsthanwethought.”Headded,“Thosewhohavehadtheirearstoanyrumors(謠言)thatTeslaisreadytodelivervehiclescapableofLevel5autonomycouldtakethisnewOpenAldevelopmentasasignthatthecompanyisinchingclosertothatunapproachablegoal,”Nocompanyhasreachedthatlevelofautonomy,whichmeansthatadriverlesscarcouldnavigateanyroadunderanyconditionsandthatallthehuman“driver”wouldneedtodoistoinputadestination.（1）WhydoesEldonMuskleavehisposition?A.

TocreatesaferAI.

B.

TobuildpowerfulInternet.C.

Todevelopsocialcommunication.

D.

ToavoidapossibleconflictwithTesla.（2）WhatistheEldonMusk'sattitudetowardstheAI?A.

Ambiguous.

B.

Supportive.

C.

Negative.

D.

Sympathetic.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“malicious”inParagraph3mean?A.

Poisonous.

B.

Unpopular.

C.

Advanced.

D.

Traditional.（4）WhatcanweinferfromEtonGoodbye'scomments?A.

Level5autonomyisimpossible.

B.

TherumorsaboutTeslaismeaningless.C.

HehasnoconfidenceinOpenAI.

D.

Level5autonomycouldsethumandriversfree.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了傳奇人物埃隆·馬斯克和他的公司。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“EntrepreneurandCEOofTeslaandSpaceX,EldonMuskmayhavealittlemoretimeonhishands,ashe'sleavinghispositionontheboardoftheOpenAI,accordingtoablogpost.”和第二段中的“addingthat“AsTeslacontinuestobecomemorefocusedonAI,thiswillavoidapotentialfutureconflictforEldon.”可知EldonMusk離開他的職位是為了避免可能和Tesla產(chǎn)生沖突，故D。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Muskwillcontinueto“donateandadvisetheorganization”可推知EldonMusk對于AI的態(tài)度是同情，故選B。(3)考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的“Infact,Muskhasheardthe‘evilAI’alarmseveraltimes.”可猜測出“malicious”的意思是有害的，故選A。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Nocompanyhasreachedthatlevelofautonomy,whichmeansthatadriverlesscarcouldnavigateanyroadunderanyconditionsandthatallthehuman‘driver’wouldneedtodoistoinputadestination.可推出“Level5autonomy”將會讓人類司機解放，故選D。【點評】本題考點涉及詞義猜測和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

Beginninglifeatcollegenaturallydevelopsbothexcitementandanxietyformanyreasons.Forsome,thisfeelingisquicklyovercomeastheyadapttoanewenvironment;forothersthechangetakeslongerandsometimesappearsashomesickness.

Ifyouarehomesick,youmightnoticeanincreasein:

Lowenergyormotivation.

Troublesleeping.

Increases/decreasesinappetite.

Havingdifficultywithschool.

Increaseduseofdrugsoralcohol.

Lackofinterestorinvolvementinnewsurroundings.

CAUSES

Thedistancefromhome—thefartheryougo,theworseitmaybe.

Unhappinesswhenthingsaredifferentfromyourexpectationsofstudentlife.

Youhavefinallyarrivedatcollegeafterworkingtowarditforsolong.

Aheavyworkload.

Studentswhoarehomesickoftenfeeltheyhavenocontrolovertheirenvironment.

WHATMIGHTHELP?

Keepingoodcontactwiththepeopleyouhaveleftbehind,butalsogiveyourselftimewithintheuniversitytobegintogetinvolvedhere.

Berealisticaboutwhattoexpectfromstudentlifeandfromyourself.Setupabalancebetweenworkandleisure.

Ifworkisprovingtoodifficult,youmayneedtoimproveyourstudyskillsoryourorganizationoftime.

Remembertogetenoughfoodandsleep!Theseaffectyouemotionallyaswellasphysically.

Makecontactsandfriendsthroughsharedactivitiessuchassportsorotherinterests.

Ifyoustopbeingabletodonormalsocialandacademicthings,seekprofessionalhelpeitherfromyouradvisorordeanorthecounselingservice.（1）Whatmightbeasignoffeelinghomesick?A.

Feelinglikequarrelingwithsomeoneelse.B.

Becominginterestedinstudythaneverbefore.C.

Findingfoodorfruitlessattractive.D.

Participatinginalmostallactivitiesincollege.（2）Newcollegestudentsmightbehomesickbecause

.A.

theyareneverfarawayfromtheirparentsB.

theyfeelupsetaboutsomethingunexpectedC.

theysuddenlydonothaveanythingtodoD.

theydonotliketheuniversitytheyarein（3）Whichofthefollowingmeasuresmightbehelpfulforhomesickstudentsaccordingtothetext?A.

Keepingtheiroldfriendsleftbehind.B.

Remindingthemselvestokeepbusyandforgetit.C.

Forcingthemselvestostayintheirdormsonweekends.D.

Goinginforsportswiththeirfriends.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了剛離開家上大學(xué)的學(xué)生面對新環(huán)境可能遇到的問題和給他們提出的建議。（1）細節(jié)理解題。由原文“Increases/decreasesinappetite.”可知，如果一個人想家，就有可能增加或減少食欲，所以C選項“感覺食物或水果失去吸引力”符合題意，而其他選項“想跟別人吵架”、“對學(xué)習(xí)比以前更感興趣”和“幾乎參加了大學(xué)所有的活動”都不符合題意。所以答案選C。（2）細節(jié)理解題。由原文“Unhappinesswhenthingsaredifferentfromyourexpectationsofstudentlife.”可知，當(dāng)事情不符合新入學(xué)的學(xué)生的期望時，他們就會不高興。所以B選項“他們對不符合預(yù)期的事物感到厭煩”符合題意。所以答案選B。（3）推理判斷題。由原文“Keepingoodcontactwiththepeopleyouhaveleftbehind”可知，要跟留下的人保持聯(lián)系，所以A選項“要一直讓老朋友留下”是不正確的。由原文“Setupabalancebetweenworkandleisure.”可知，應(yīng)該在工作和休閑之前建立一個平衡，所以B選項“提醒他們自己保持忙碌并忘記想家”是不符合題意的。由原文“Makecontactsandfriendsthroughsharedactivitiessuchassportsorotherinterests.”可知，可以通過運動或其他興趣來結(jié)識其他朋友，所以C選項“強迫自己周末待在宿舍”是不符合題意的，而D選項“跟朋友一起運動”是正確的。所以答案選D?！军c評】推斷題型答題技巧。推理是在既有信息的基礎(chǔ)上得出合乎文章內(nèi)容的內(nèi)涵意義，即某一問題、某一觀點沒有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行間，要求通過文中信息分析推出某種符合作者思想、符合文章邏輯的內(nèi)涵意義。推斷則是指通過對文章進行符合邏輯的綜合分析，推出文章未直接陳述的言外之意。推斷題推斷得正確與否，很大程度上取決于是否能正確把握作者潛隱在字里行間的語氣及觀點。6．閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。

Anameismorethanjustaword.Itcarriestheweightofaperson'swholeidentity.Anamecanrepresentaperson'sethnicity(種族身份)andculture,orshowrespectfortheirancestralroots.Aself-givennamemayrepresentaperson'sbeliefsorchosenidentity.

Everyonehastherighttohavetheirnamepronouncedcorrectly.Itisasignofrespectforaperson'sindividuality."Aperson'snameistohimorherthesweetestandmostimportantsoundinanylanguage,"DaleCarnegiewritesinhisbookHowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople.Behindeachnameisastory,andwhenanameisanglicized(英語化),mispronounced,orignored,thatstoryisdismissed.

Anamemispronouncedforalongtimecannegativelyimpactaperson'sattitudetowardtheirownidentity.Itcancreatefeelingsofshameorembarrassmentbecausetheyaremadetofeellikeaburden.Inthelongterm,thismightcausesomeonetodistancethemselvesfromtheirroots.Theymaybeginshyingawayfromtheirnativelanguage,culture,andfamilyforthesakeoffittingin.

Inordertoavoidthis,manyinternationalstudentslivingintheU.S.chooseEnglishnames.Peopleshouldn'thavetoignoretheiridentitiesforthesakeofsomeoneelse'sconvenience.

Everyonemakesmistakes,andnoteveryonecangetanamerightonthefirsttry.Mispronouncinganamerepeatedly,however,showsalackofeffort.Itisnotokaytobecomfortablewithmispronouncingnames,andbeingunfamiliarwithalanguageisnoexcuse.

Ifyou'reunsurewhetheryou'repronouncinganamecorrectly,justask.Thinkofitasawaytoexpandandstrengthenunderstanding,bothpersonallyandculturally.Whenmeetingsomeoneforthefirsttime,makesurethatyouheardthenamecorrectly.Itdoesn'ttakealottosimplyrepeatthenameback.Spellitout.Writeitdown.Dowhateveryouhavetodotogetthenameright.Makingtheefforttocorrectlypronouncesomeone'snameisanessentialpartofculturalcompetency(文化素養(yǎng)).Withoutthis,wecannotexpecttoshowrespectandtoleranceforourdiversecommunity.（1）Whatmayaperson'snametellus?A.

Hisculturalbackground.

B.

Hisphysicalappearance.C.

Hisfavoritesound.

D.

Hisattitudetolife.（2）What'sthelong-terminfluenceofmispronouncingonesname?A.

Thefeelingofshamemaybecaused.

B.

Thepersonmayfeelover-burdened.C.

Thecharacterofthepersonmaychange.

D.

Thepersonmaytrytohidehisroots.（3）Whatdoesthewriterthinkofmispronouncinganamerepeatedly?A.

Itisunavoidable.

B.

Itisunacceptable.C.

Itstrengthensfriendship.

D.

Itshowsdiscrimination.（4）What'sthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.

Howtoshowourrespectforothers.

B.

Howtoavoidmispronouncingnames.C.

Howtoimproveourpronunciation.

D.

Howtoliveharmoniouslyinacommunity.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了人的名字所代表的含義。一個名字不僅僅是一個單詞。它承載著一個人整個身份的重量。名字可以代表一個人的種族和文化，也可以表示對祖先的尊重。一個自取的名字可能代表一個人的信仰或選擇的身份。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Anamecanrepresentaperson'sethnicity(種族身份)andculture,orshowrespectfortheirancestralroots.”名字可以代表一個人的種族和文化，也可以表示對祖先的尊重?？芍粋€人的名字可以告訴他的文化背景。故選A。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inthelongterm,thismightcausesomeonetodistancethemselvesfromtheirroots.”從長遠來看，這可能會導(dǎo)致一些人遠離自己的根?？芍x錯名字的長期影響是這個人可能會試圖隱藏他的根源。故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“Mispronouncinganamerepeatedly,however,showsalackofeffort.Itisnotokaytobecomfortablewithmispronouncingnames,andbeingunfamiliarwithalanguageisnoexcuse.”然而，反復(fù)念錯一個名字，表明你缺乏努力。對名字念錯感到不舒服是不好的，不熟悉一門語言也不是借口。可知，作者對一個名字反復(fù)發(fā)錯音這是不可接受的。故選B。（4）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Ifyou'reunsurewhetheryou'repronouncinganamecorrectly,justask.Thinkofitasawaytoexpandandstrengthenunderstanding,bothpersonallyandculturally.“如果你不確定你的名字發(fā)音是否正確，直接問。把它看作是擴展和加強理解的一種方式，無論是個人的還是文化的?！笨芍詈笠欢沃v述的是“如何避免名字發(fā)音錯誤。”故選B?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意大意三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

Lookingtohavearestaftertheworkingdays？Checkouttoseeifthefollowingeventsareinyourarea！NorthsideFestivalDescription:Themusicfestivalconsistsofartists,suchasSidneyGishandOrionSun,freecakeforeveryone!Ifyou'relookingforafreshfestivalwithuniqueartists,looknofurther!Time:Saturday,June9～10,from12pmto6pmLocation:Baby'sAllRight,BrooklynTickets:$50perpersonwithnodiscountSolelyWomenDescription:TheWilliamRisGalleryisshowinganexhibitallaboutwhatfemalesmeetinfrontoflife!Checkouttheexhibitbeforeit'sclosedafterthisweekend!Time:June8~10,from12pmto5pmLocation:WilliamRisGalleryatJamesportTickets:FreeBroadwayCommonsCarnivalDescription:It'stheseasonofcarnivalridesandfoodonastick-yes,thecarnivalisstillintown.Withfreeadmissionsandlightstolightupthesky,whowouldn'twanttosendtheirdayoffatDreamland?Time:May31～June17,from5pmto11pmLocation:BroadwayMallTickets:Freecarnivalparking,admissionandVictoriaCircusshowsLongIsland'sFestivalDescription:Withexcitingeventsrangingfrombeachconcertstoparades,it'salargeandimpressiveentertainmentwecan'twaitfor!YoucanalsostartyourdaywithyourfamilytohavefunontheLongBeachboardwalk.Time:June8～10,from10amto11pmLocation:LongBeachTickets:$80peradultfortheconcert,a20%discountforchildrenunder18（1）Whatcanwomenchoosetodoiftheywanttoknowsomethingtofaceinlife?A.

JointhecarnivalatDreamland.

B.

EnjoytheconcertsontheLongBeach.C.

VisitanexhibitattheWilliamRisGallery.

D.

ExperiencethemusicfestivalatBrooklyn.（2）Howmuchshouldamotherwithher10-year-oldchildpayforconcertsontheLongBeach?A.

$80.

B.

$100.

C.

$140.

D.

$144.（3）Whichofthefollowingeventslaststheshortesttime?A.

NorthsideFestival.

B.

SolelyWomen.C.

BroadwayCommonsCarnival.

D.

LongIsland'sFestival.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了四個地方舉辦的節(jié)日——NorthsideFestival，SolelyWomen

；BroadwayCommonsCarnival和LongIsland'sFestival。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)SolelyWomen部分中的“TheWilliamRisGalleryisshowinganexhibitallaboutwhatfemalesmeetinfrontoflife!”theWilliamRisGallery正在展示一個關(guān)于女性在生活中遇到的一切事情的展覽！可知選C。（2）考查數(shù)字計算。根據(jù)LongIsland'sFestival部分中的“Tickets:$80peradultfortheconcert,a20%discountforchildrenunder18”可知成人票是80美元，未成年人票價8折，因此一個母親和一個10歲的孩子的票價款為80+80x80%=144.故選D。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)NorthsideFestival部分中的“Time:Saturday,June9～10,from12pmto6pm”；SolelyWomen部分中的“Time:June8~10,from12pmto5pm”；BroadwayCommonsCarnival部分中的“Time:May31～June17,from5pmto11pm”以及LongIsland'sFestival部分中的“Time:June8～10,from10amto11pm”可知NorthsideFestival只有兩天時間，選A。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和數(shù)字計算兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進推理計算，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解

Attimesweallgetangrywhenwearedriving.Itmightbebecausewearestuckinatrafficjamorstuckbehindaveryslowdriver.Itmightbebecausewethinkanotherdriverhasdonesomethingverystupidanddangerous.Whateverthereason,itseemsthatgettingangryinacarissomethingwhichhappensmoreandmoreoftenandthereisnowaspecialtermforit:"roadrage".Someexpertseventhinkthatroadrageisakindofmentalillness!Howcanwerecognizethis"illness"ofroadrage?Therearetwokindsofroadrage:aggressivedrivingandaggressivereactionstothewayotherpeoplearedriving.Aggressivedrivingcantakedifferentforms:

Drivingmuchfasterthanthespeedlimit.

Increasingyourspeedveryquickly.

Drivingveryclosebehindthecarinfrontandsoundingthehornorflashingtheheadlights.

Changinglanesverysuddenlyandblockinganothercar.

Movingintoaparkingspacewhereanotherearistryingtopark.Therearealsodifferentreactionstothewayotherpeoplearedriving.Theseinclude:

Makingrudesignsatpeople.

Shoutingatpeopleandthreateningthem.

Deliberatelydrivingintoanotherperson'scar.

Hittingsomebody.

Usingaweaponsuchasabaseballbat,orevenagunoraknife.

Roadrageiscertainlynotajoke.Therehavebeenincidentsofroadragewhichhaveledtoseriousinjuriesandevenmurder.Expertsthinkthatonereasonforroadrageisthatfilmsshowalotofexamplesoffastandaggressivedrivingsuchascarchaseswherethiskindofdrivingseemstobepositive.

Expertsalsothinkthatthepunishmentsfordangerousdrivingarenotseriousenough.Experienceshowsthatdrivingproblemscanbecontrolled，butittakesalongtime.IntheUKinthelast30