WELCOMEUNIT第一部分“高考話題”題型組合練(十四)宇宙探索題組54Ⅰ閱讀(2025·陜西省高三高考適應(yīng)性檢測)Forthousandsofyears,peoplearoundtheworldhavetoldmythsabouttheMoonandhowitcameintobeing.Now,newresearchhasrevealedthattheMoonis40millionyearsolderthanscientiststhoughtitwas.Thelatestdatasuggeststhatitformedaround4.46billionyearsago.ManyscientistsbelievethattheMoonformedafteraplanetthesizeofMars,calledTheia,collided(碰撞)withtheEarth.Thiscausedmagmatoblastoutintospace.ThemagmacooledintosolidrocksthatstartedorbitingtheEarthinrings,likeSaturnhas.Gradually,thoserocksclumped(聚集)togethertoformtheMoon.ScientistsworkedouthowoldtheMoonisbystudyingrocksgatheredfromthesurfacein1972—thelasttimehumanssetfootontheMoon.Astronautscollectedthesamplesusingalunarrake,draggingitthroughthedustonthesurfacetocollectrocksthatwerebetweenoneandthreecentimetreswide.Thesamplescontainedzirconcrystals,atypeofmineralthatwouldhaveformedaftertheEarthandTheiacollidedandthemagmacooleddown.Scientistshavestudiedthesamplesbeforebutanewscanningtechnique,called“atomprobetomography”，helpedthemtostudythecrystalsinmoredetailandcalculatetheMoon'sagemoreaccurately.TheMoonisimportantbecauseitaffectsthingsontheEarth,suchastides,seasonsandweather.LifeontheEarthwasonlypossibleaftertheMoonhadformed,soscientistswanttolearnmoreaboutwhenithappened.ProfessorPhilipHeck,whoworkedonthestudy,said,“It'sapartofournaturalsystemthatwewanttobetterunderstand.”BeforeNASAlandedastronautsontheMooninthe1960sand1970s,therewereothertheoriesabouthowtheMoonformed.OnesuggestedthattheMoonwasfloatingthroughspaceandwascapturedbytheEarth'sgravity.AnothersaidthattheEarthstartedspinningsoquicklythatsomebitsofitbrokeoffandwentintoorbit.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了關(guān)于月球形成的新研究。1．What'sthepurposeoftheresearch?A．ToknowmoreabouttheEarth.B．TofindouthowtheMoonformed.C．ToworkouthowtheastronautslandedontheMoon.D．TostudytherocksgatheredfromthesurfaceoftheMoon.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，幾千年來，世界各地的人們都在講述月球的神話及它是如何形成的。新的研究表明，月球比科學(xué)家之前認(rèn)為的要老4，000萬年。最新數(shù)據(jù)顯示，它形成于大約44.6億年前。由此可推知，研究的目的是通過月球形成的時(shí)間找出月球是如何形成的。故選B。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inParagraph2referto?A．Thecollision. B．Theia.C．TheEarth. D．ThesizeofMars.解析：指代判斷題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Manyscientistsbelieve...collided(碰撞)withtheEarth.(許多科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，月球是在一顆火星大小的行星Theia與地球相撞后形成的。)”及畫線詞所在句句意(這次碰撞導(dǎo)致巖漿噴射到太空中。)可推知，“This”指的是前文提到的“Theia與地球相撞”這一事件，即“碰撞”。故選A。3．WhatisthelatestbeliefoftheMoon'sformation?A．Itistheresultofcollisionoftwoplanets.B．ItwasdraggedtoitslocationbytheEarth'sgravity.C．ItwasshapedbythebitswhichbrokeofftheEarth.D．Itcrashedintospacebyaccident.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Manyscientistsbelieve...collided(碰撞)withtheEarth.”可知，目前關(guān)于月球形成的最新觀點(diǎn)是，它是兩顆行星(地球和Theia)碰撞的結(jié)果。故選A。4．WhatarethemajoreffectstheMoonhasontheEarth?A．Daytimeanddirections.B．Weatherandgeography.C．Seasonsandtides.D．Weightsandlives.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“TheMoonisimportantbecauseitaffectsthingsontheEarth,suchastides,seasonsandweather.”可知，月球?qū)Φ厍虻闹饕绊懓ǔ毕?、季?jié)和天氣。故選C。(2025·吉林省長春市朝陽區(qū)長春外國語學(xué)校高三期中)Imaginebeingabletouseenergyfromthesunallthetime,evenwhenit'snight.That'stheideathatscientistsatCaltech(CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology)areexploring.They'reworkingoncollectingsunlightinspaceandsendingitsenergytotheEarth.Caltech'sscientistshavecreatedaspecialtoolforthisproject.TheycallitMAPLE.MAPLEandtwootherdevicesarepartofaprojectthatwassentintospaceinJanuary,2023.MAPLE'sjobistotesttheideaofsendingenergywirelesslyfromspacetotheEarth.We'reusedtousingwirestomoveelectricalenergyfromoneplacetoanother.Butsendingenergywithoutwiresisalottrickier.ThemethodusedbyCaltech'sscientistsdependsonthewaywavesactwhentheymeet.Imaginetwowavescomingtogetherastheytravelinthesamedirection.Ifthetopsofthewaveslineup,theycombinetomakeabiggerwave.Butifthetopofonewavelinesupwiththelowpointoftheother,thewavescanceleachotherout.TheCaltechteamhasfoundawaytocontrolthetimingoflotsofmicrowavessothattheycancombinetheirpower,andfocustheenergyinonedirection.It'salittlelikeusingamagnifying(放大的)glasstofocussunlightintoasmall,hotpointoflight.Toprovethatthesystemcouldwork,MAPLEsentenergytotwodevicesjust30centimetersawayinspace.Thisenergywasthenturnedintoelectricity,whichmadetwosmalllightslightup.Next,MAPLEsentenergyallthewaydowntoalabatCaltech.Thescientistswereabletodetecttheenergy,provingthatit'spossibletosendsolarenergytotheEarthfromspace.DrHajimiri,oneoftheproject'sleaders,thinksthatoneday,thesystemcouldbeextremelyuseful,bringingenergytoplacesthatneedit,allovertheworld.Hebelievesthatinthefuture,we'llbeabletosendenergytoremoteregionsandareasdestroyedbywarornaturaldisaster.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了加州理工學(xué)院的科學(xué)家創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)特殊工具M(jìn)APLE從太空中收集陽光并將其能量發(fā)送回地球，并解釋了MAPLE如何通過控制微波的時(shí)機(jī)來聚焦能量。5．WhatisthechallengeinCaltech'sprojectwithMAPLE?A．Solarenergydetection.B．Wirelessenergydelivery.C．Sendingdevicesintospace.D．Usingwirestomoveelectricity.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“MAPLE'sjobis...withoutwiresisalottrickier.(MAPLE的任務(wù)是測試從太空向地球無線發(fā)送能量的想法。我們習(xí)慣于用電線把電能從一個(gè)地方傳輸?shù)搅硪粋€(gè)地方。但是在沒有電線的情況下傳輸能量要棘手得多。)”可知，MAPLE的挑戰(zhàn)是無線能量傳輸。故選B。6．HowdoestheCaltechteamconcentratesolarpower?A．Bychangingthewaymicrowavesact.B．Bymagnifyingwavescomingtogether.C．Bycontrollingthetimingofmicrowaves.D．Byliningupthewavesinoppositedirections.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“TheCaltechteamhasfoundaway...inonedirection.(加州理工學(xué)院的研究小組已經(jīng)找到了一種方法來控制大量微波的時(shí)間，這樣它們就可以結(jié)合它們的能量，并將能量集中在一個(gè)方向上。)”可知，加州理工學(xué)院的團(tuán)隊(duì)通過控制微波的時(shí)間來集中太陽能。故選C。7．WhatpotentialbenefitcouldthesystembringinthefutureaccordingtoDrHajimiri?A．Warningpeopleofnaturaldisasters.B．Turningsolarenergyintoelectricity.C．Providingasolutiontoenergyshortages.D．Sendingenergytoregionsinurgentneed.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，Hajimiri(哈吉米里)博士認(rèn)為這個(gè)系統(tǒng)會(huì)把能源帶到世界各地需要它的地方。他相信，在未來，我們將能夠向偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)和被戰(zhàn)爭或自然災(zāi)害摧毀的地區(qū)輸送能源。故選D。8．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheUseofSolarEnergyinSpaceExplorationB．TheChallengesofGeneratingEnergyWithoutWiresC．TheDevelopmentofaNewToolforCollectingElectricityD．ThePossibilityofSendingEnergyWirelesslyfromSpacetoEarth解析：標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要討論了使用加州理工學(xué)院科學(xué)家創(chuàng)造的特殊工具M(jìn)APLE從太空向地球無線傳輸能源的可能性，D項(xiàng)(從太空向地球無線傳輸能量的可能性)最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選D。Ⅱ語法填空(2025·吉林省琿春市第二高級(jí)中學(xué)高三一模)Chang'e-5wasalandmarkspacemissionforChina,asitwasthefirsttimeourcountry__1__(collect)samplesfromtheMoon.TheChang'e-5missionisthefirstcollectionofMoonsamplesin40years,andfittinglyChang'e-5__2__(name)aftertheChineseMoongoddess.Itturnedoutthathistorywasalsobeingmadewiththisvoyagebehindthescenes.BehindChina'slandmarklunarmissionisadedicatedteamofscientists,oneofwhomisthe__3__(young)spacecommanderever.24-year-oldZhouChengyuwasresponsibleformanagingtherocketconnectorsystem.__4__(know)as“BigSister”bycolleaguesasamarkofrespect,thecommanderhasbecomeanInternetcelebrityinChina.Itisbecauseofherachievements__5__theGuizhouProvincenativehasattractedgreatattentionfromthepressandpublic.__6__(amaze),thathasalsomadesomepeoplejokinglyre-evaluatetheirachievements.However,therecord-breakingcommanderdoesnotappear__7__(interest)inhernew-foundfame.As__8__matteroffact,inordertofocusonherimportantworkZhouChengyuhasturned__9__manyinterviews.Now,ZhouChengyuisfocusedonherwork,butgiventhe__10__(excite)aroundthismissionandherachievements,itseemsthatshewillhavefansforlife.1．________

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10.________篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。隨著嫦娥五號(hào)成功帶回月球樣本，中國最年輕的連接器系統(tǒng)女指揮官周承鈺受到了人們的關(guān)注。解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。固定句式itwasthefirsttime(that)...haddone意為“那是……第一次做某事”，從句謂語用過去完成時(shí)。故填hadcollected。1.答案：hadcollected解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。此處為and連接的兩個(gè)并列分句，第二個(gè)分句中主語Chang'e－5與name之間是被