第第頁外研版（2024）八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語Unit2Startingout課文要點(diǎn)全解1Seeingyourselfthroughotherpeople’seyes通過別人的眼睛審視自己(1)yourself【反身代詞】你自己復(fù)數(shù)形式：yourselves你們自己反身代詞多用于動(dòng)詞或介詞后作賓語，強(qiáng)調(diào)“某人自己”，反身代詞應(yīng)與自己的邏輯主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。Youshouldlearntolivebyyourself.你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立生活。Boysandgirls,whenyouleaveyourparents,youshouldlookafteryourselves.孩子們，當(dāng)你們離開父母時(shí)，你們應(yīng)該照顧好自己。(2)through【介詞】①以；憑借Hegotgoodgradesthroughhardwork.他通過努力學(xué)習(xí)取得了好成績(jī)。②穿過；貫穿Thepathledthroughthetreestotheriver.這條小路穿過樹林通往那條河。2Looks外貌look【名詞】①相貌，外表；樣子，外觀Shehasabeautifullook.她有美麗的相貌。Helosthislooksinlaterlife.他英俊的相貌在晚年已不復(fù)存在。②看；瞧have/takealookat...看一看……Here,havealookatthis.來，看一看這個(gè)。3Thereisverylittlewecandoalone.我們獨(dú)自能做的事情非常少。辨析:alone與lonelyalone副詞單獨(dú)；獨(dú)自強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀情況，數(shù)量上只有一個(gè)形容詞單獨(dú)的；獨(dú)自的lonely形容詞孤獨(dú)的；寂寞的強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀感受，指心靈上的孤獨(dú)，具有傷感色彩荒涼的，人跡罕至的用來說明地方荒涼Helivesalonebuthedoesn’tfeellonely.他獨(dú)自生活，但并不感到孤獨(dú)。Shewasaloneinthedarkroom.她獨(dú)自一人待在那黑暗的房間里。It’salonelybeach.那是一個(gè)人跡罕至的海灘。(2025·黑龍江綏化中考)—Theoldmanlives______,sohemayfeel______.—Weshouldvisithimtwiceamonth.A.alone;lonelyB.lonely;aloneC.alone;alone解析我們可用“用法辨析法”解答此題。alone副詞，意為“獨(dú)自”；lonely形容詞，意為“孤獨(dú)的”，有一定的感情色彩。第一空修飾動(dòng)詞lives，應(yīng)用副詞alone；第二空表示感到孤獨(dú)，feel后接形容詞，應(yīng)用lonely。故選A。句意：“這位老人獨(dú)自生活，所以他可能會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)?！薄拔覀儜?yīng)該一個(gè)月去看望他兩次?！贝鸢窤4Doyouhaveanyproblemsingettingalongwithothers?你在與他人相處時(shí)遇到過什么問題嗎？getalongwith與……相處與getonwith同義。getalongwellwithsb(=getonwellwithsb)與某人相處融洽Howareyougettingalong/onwithyourfriends?你和你的朋友們相處得如何？He’sgettingalongwellwithhisclassmates.他和他的同班同學(xué)相處得很好。拓展getalong/onwith還可譯為“進(jìn)展”。Howareyougettingalong/onwithyourEnglishstudy?你的英語學(xué)得如何？5Whatcausedthesedifferences?是什么導(dǎo)致了這些不同？cause①[及物動(dòng)詞]造成；引起①causesth引起某事Theheavyraincausedfloodsinmanyareas.大雨在許多地區(qū)引發(fā)了洪水。②causesb/sthtodosth導(dǎo)致某人/某物做某事Theaccidentdidn’tcausehimtochangehismind.這次意外并沒有使他改變主意。Thecoldweathercausedsomeplantstodie.寒冷的天氣凍死了一些植物。③causesthforsb/sth給某人/某物造成……Thedroughtiscausingproblemsformanyfarmers.干旱給許多農(nóng)民帶來問題。6Whataretheseinventions?這些發(fā)明是什么？invention（可數(shù)名詞）發(fā)明；發(fā)明物動(dòng)詞形式為invent，意為“發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造”。thefourgreatinventionsofancientChina中國(guó)古代四大發(fā)明Hisinventionssavedmanylives.他的發(fā)明挽救了許多人的生命。拓展inventor（名詞）發(fā)明家Theinventorinventedmanyusefulinventions.這位發(fā)明家發(fā)明了許多有用的發(fā)明物。（2025·黑龍江牡丹江一模）Themodern______（invent）havechangedourlifegreatly.解析根據(jù)havechangedourlifegreatly及所給詞可知，此處是指現(xiàn)代“發(fā)明”，此處作主語，應(yīng)用invent的名詞形式invention；由have可知，應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)inventions。句意：現(xiàn)代發(fā)明極大地改變了我們的生活。答案inventions

練習(xí)題類型一：?jiǎn)卧~釋義匹配(DefinitionMatching)將單詞或短語與其中文釋義正確匹配。1.yourself2.through3.look4.alone5.lonely6.getalongwith7.cause8.invention9.inventor10.differenceA.獨(dú)自的（客觀）B.你自己C.通過；穿過D.相貌；看E.孤獨(dú)的（主觀）F.與……相處G.造成；引起H.發(fā)明I.發(fā)明家J.不同類型二：詞形轉(zhuǎn)換(WordFormTransformation)根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示，用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Youshouldlearntotakecareof__________(you).2.Hesucceeded__________(through)hardworkanddetermination.3.Letmehavea__________(look)atyournewphone.4.Theoldmanlives__________(alone)inasmallhouse.5.Shefelt__________(lonely)afterherfriendsmovedaway.6.Howdoyou__________(getalong)yournewclassmates?7.Theheavyrain__________(cause)therivertoflood.8.Thetelephoneisagreat__________(invent).9.ThomasEdisonwasafamous__________(invent).10.Therearemany__________(different)betweenthetwocultures.類型三：短語填空(PhraseFilling)用方框內(nèi)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。throughhardwork,havealook,livealone,feellonely,getalongwith,causeproblems,greatinventions,famousinventor,lookafteryourself,byyourself1.Heachievedsuccess__________andpersistence.2.CanI__________atyourphotoalbum?3.Mygrandmotherprefersto__________ratherthanlivewithfamily.4.Eveninacrowd,sometimespeoplecan__________.5.It'simportantto__________yourcoworkersintheoffice.6.Thestormmay__________fortravelers.7.Thecomputerandinternetare__________thatchangedtheworld.8.AlexanderGrahamBellwasthe__________ofthetelephone.9.Whenyou'reawayfromhome,youneedto__________.10.Canyoufinishthisproject__________?類型四：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇(MultipleChoice)1.Youshouldbelievein______andyourabilities.A.yourselfB.throughC.lookD.alone2.Welearnedabouttheculture______readingandtraveling.A.yourselfB.throughC.lookD.alone3.Letmetakea______atyourhomework.A.yourselfB.throughC.lookD.alone4.Shepreferstowork______inthelibrary.A.yourselfB.throughC.lookD.alone5.The______childwishedforfriendstoplaywith.A.yourselfB.throughC.lookD.lonely6.It'simportantto______wellwithyourfamilymembers.A.getalongwithB.throughC.lookD.alone7.Theearthquake______widespreaddamagetothecity.A.yourselfB.throughC.causedD.alone8.Thelightbulbwasanimportant______inhistory.A.yourselfB.throughC.lookD.invention9.MarieCuriewasabrilliant______andscientist.A.yourselfB.throughC.inventorD.alone10.Therearesignificant______betweenthetwoproposals.A.yourselfB.throughC.lookD.differences類型五：完成句子(SentenceCompletion)根據(jù)中文提示，完成句子。1.通過別人的眼睛審視自己Seeingyourself__________otherpeople'seyes2.我們獨(dú)自能做的事情非常少。Thereisverylittlewecando__________.3.你在與他人相處時(shí)遇到過什么問題嗎？Doyouhaveanyproblemsin__________others?4.是什么導(dǎo)致了這些不同？What__________thesedifferences?5.這些發(fā)明是什么？Whatarethese__________?6.你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立生活。Youshouldlearntolive__________.7.他通過努力學(xué)習(xí)取得了好成績(jī)。Hegotgoodgrades__________hardwork.8.他獨(dú)自生活，但并不感到孤獨(dú)。Helives__________buthedoesn'tfeel__________.9.他和他的同班同學(xué)相處得很好。He's__________hisclassmates.10.他的發(fā)明挽救了許多人的生命。His__________savedmanylives.類型六：同義句轉(zhuǎn)換(SentenceTransformation)根據(jù)要求改寫句子，保持句意基本不變。1.Youneedtolearntobeindependent.(用byyourself改寫)Youneedtolearntolive__________.2.Bymeansofpractice,sheimprovedherskills.(用through改寫)__________practice,sheimprovedherskills.3.Letmeexamineyourpassport.(用havealook改寫)Letme__________yourpassport.4.Heresidesbyhimselfinthecountryside.(用alone改寫)He__________inthecountryside.5.Sheexperiencessolitudeinthebigcity.(用lonely改寫)She__________inthebigcity.6.Howisyourrelationshipwithyourneighbors?(用getalongwith改寫)Howdoyou__________yourneighbors?7.Theaccidentresultedinthreeinjuries.(用cause改寫)Theaccident__________threeinjuries.8.Thecreationoftheprintingpresschangedhistory.(用invention改寫)The__________oftheprintingpresschangedhistory.9.ThecreatorofthisdevicewonaNobelPrize.(用inventor改寫)The__________ofthisdevicewonaNobelPrize.10.Therearevariousdistinctionsbetweenthemethods.(用