2025年醫(yī)學(xué)骨科英文題庫及答案

一、單項選擇題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Whichofthefollowingisthemostcommontypeofhipfracture?A.FemoralneckfractureB.IntertrochantericfractureC.SubtrochantericfractureD.AcetabularfractureAnswer:B.Intertrochantericfracture2.Whatistheprimarytreatmentforastablesupracondylarhumerusfractureinanadult?A.OpenreductionandinternalfixationB.ClosedreductionandcastingC.ExternalfixationD.NonoperativemanagementAnswer:B.Closedreductionandcasting3.Whichofthefollowingisacommoncomplicationofanteriorcruciateligament(ACL)reconstruction?A.PatellartendonruptureB.IliotibialbandsyndromeC.ChronickneeinstabilityD.MeniscaltearAnswer:C.Chronickneeinstability4.Whatisthemostappropriateinitialmanagementforapatientwithaclosedtibialfracture?A.ImmediatesurgicalinterventionB.IceapplicationandelevationC.ImmobilizationwithacastD.NonoperativemanagementwithcrutchesAnswer:C.Immobilizationwithacast5.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicfeatureofastressfracture?A.SuddenonsetofseverepainB.SwellingandrednessC.BonetendernessandpointtendernessD.JointeffusionAnswer:C.Bonetendernessandpointtenderness6.Whatistheprimarytreatmentforadisplacedmid-shaftclaviclefracture?A.NonoperativemanagementwithaslingB.OpenreductionandinternalfixationC.ExternalfixationD.VertebralbodycompressionAnswer:A.Nonoperativemanagementwithasling7.Whichofthefollowingisacommoncauseofosteoarthritis?A.RheumatoidarthritisB.InfectiousarthritisC.TraumaticinjuryD.GoutAnswer:C.Traumaticinjury8.Whatisthemostcommontypeofspinalfracture?A.BurstfractureB.CompressionfractureC.Flexion-distractionfractureD.TransversefractureAnswer:B.Compressionfracture9.Whichofthefollowingisariskfactorfordevelopingosteoporosis?A.HighcalciumintakeB.Regularweight-bearingexerciseC.SmokingD.HighvitaminDlevelsAnswer:C.Smoking10.Whatistheprimarytreatmentforapatientwitharotatorcufftear?A.PhysicaltherapyB.CorticosteroidinjectionsC.ArthroscopicrepairD.ShoulderreplacementAnswer:C.Arthroscopicrepair二、多項選擇題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Whichofthefollowingarecommoncomplicationsoftotalhiparthroplasty?A.InfectionB.DislocationC.FractureD.NervedamageAnswer:A,B,D2.Whatarethecommoncausesofshoulderimpingementsyndrome?A.RepetitiveoverheadmotionB.RotatorcufftearC.BicipitaltendinitisD.SpinalcordinjuryAnswer:A,B,C3.Whichofthefollowingaretypesoffractures?A.SimplefractureB.CompoundfractureC.GreenstickfractureD.AvulsionfractureAnswer:A,B,C,D4.Whatarethecommonsymptomsofcarpaltunnelsyndrome?A.NumbnessB.TinglingC.WeaknessD.SwellingAnswer:A,B,C5.Whichofthefollowingareriskfactorsfordevelopingosteoporosis?A.LowcalciumintakeB.SedentarylifestyleC.SmokingD.HighvitaminDlevelsAnswer:A,B,C6.Whatarethecommontreatmentsforosteoarthritis?A.Nonsteroidalanti-inflammatorydrugs(NSAIDs)B.GlucosaminesupplementsC.PhysicaltherapyD.JointreplacementAnswer:A,C,D7.Whichofthefollowingaretypesofspinalfractures?A.BurstfractureB.CompressionfractureC.Flexion-distractionfractureD.TransversefractureAnswer:A,B,C,D8.Whatarethecommoncausesofkneepain?A.MeniscaltearB.PatellartendonruptureC.OsteoarthritisD.Anteriorcruciateligament(ACL)injuryAnswer:A,B,C,D9.Whichofthefollowingarecomplicationsofhipreplacementsurgery?A.InfectionB.DislocationC.FractureD.NervedamageAnswer:A,B,D10.Whatarethecommontreatmentsforrotatorcufftear?A.PhysicaltherapyB.CorticosteroidinjectionsC.ArthroscopicrepairD.ShoulderreplacementAnswer:A,C,D三、判斷題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Astressfractureisahairlinecrackinthebonecausedbyrepetitivestress.Answer:True2.Osteoarthritisisprimarilycausedbygeneticfactors.Answer:False3.Adisplacedfractureisatypeoffracturewherethebonefragmentsarealigned.Answer:False4.Carpaltunnelsyndromeisacommoncauseofwristpain.Answer:True5.Smokingisariskfactorfordevelopingosteoporosis.Answer:True6.Totalhiparthroplastyisasurgicalproceduretoreplacethehipjoint.Answer:True7.Acompoundfractureisatypeoffracturewherethebonebreaksthroughtheskin.Answer:True8.Physicaltherapyisacommontreatmentforrotatorcufftear.Answer:False9.Acompressionfractureisatypeofspinalfracturewherethevertebralbodyiscompressed.Answer:True10.Anteriorcruciateligament(ACL)injuryisacommonkneeinjury.Answer:True四、簡答題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Describetheanatomyoftheshoulderjoint.Theshoulderjoint,alsoknownastheglenohumeraljoint,isaball-and-socketjointformedbythearticulationofthehumerus(upperarmbone)withtheglenoidcavityofthescapula(shoulderblade).Theglenoidisshallowandisreinforcedbytheglenoidlabrum,afibrocartilaginousrimthatdeepensthesocket.Thejointissurroundedbytherotatorcuffmusclesandtendons,whichprovidestabilityandmobility.Thecapsuleandligamentsfurtherstabilizethejoint.2.Explainthecausesandsymptomsofosteoarthritis.Osteoarthritisisprimarilycausedbythedegenerationofarticularcartilage,whichleadstothebreakdownoftheboneandjoint.Riskfactorsincludeaging,obesity,jointinjury,andgeneticpredisposition.Symptomsincludejointpain,stiffness,swelling,andreducedrangeofmotion.Thepainoftenworsenswithactivityandimproveswithrest.3.Describethetreatmentoptionsforadisplacedfracture.Treatmentforadisplacedfracturedependsonthelocationandseverityofthefracture.Nonoperativemanagementincludesimmobilizationwithacastorsplint,painmanagement,andphysicaltherapy.Surgicalinterventionmayberequiredforcomplexfractures,suchasopenreductionandinternalfixation,wherethebonefragmentsarerealignedandheldinplacewithplatesandscrews.4.Discusstheroleofphysicaltherapyinthemanagementofcarpaltunnelsyndrome.Physicaltherapyplaysacrucialroleinthemanagementofcarpaltunnelsyndrome.Therapistsusevarioustechniquestoreducesymptomsandimprovefunction,includingexercisestostrengthenthewristandhand,stretchestorelievepressureonthemediannerve,andergonomicmodificationstoreducerepetitivestrain.Modalitiessuchasultrasoundandelectricalstimulationmayalsobeusedtoalleviatepainandinflammation.五、討論題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Discusstheimportanceofearlydiagnosisandtreatmentinthemanagementofosteoporosis.Earlydiagnosisandtreatmentofosteoporosisarecrucialtopreventfracturesandmaintainbonehealth.Diagnostictoolssuchasbonemineraldensity(BMD)testinghelpidentifyindividualsatrisk.Treatmentoptionsincludelifestylemodifications,suchasincreasingcalciumandvitaminDintake,engaginginweight-bearingexercise,andavoidingsmoking.Medicationssuchasbisphosphonates,calciumchannelblockers,andhormonereplacementtherapycanalsohelpslowbonelossandreducefracturerisk.2.Discusstheroleofarthroscopicsurgeryinthetreatmentofshoulderimpingementsyndrome.Arthroscopicsurgeryisaminimallyinvasiveprocedurethatplaysasignificantroleinthetreatmentofshoulderimpingementsyndrome.Thesurgeryinvolvestheuseofsmallincisionsandacameratovisualizeandrepairthedamagedstructures.Commonproceduresincludedecompressionofthesubacromialspace,repairoftornrotatorcufftendons,andremovalofbonespursorinflamedtissue.Arthroscopicsurgeryoffersbenefitssuchaslesspain,fasterrecovery,andreducedriskofinfectioncomparedtoopensurgery.3.Discussthepotentialcomplicationsoftotalhiparthroplastyandstrategiestominimizethem.Totalhiparthroplastycanleadtoseveralcomplications,includinginfection,dislocation,fracture,andnervedamage.Strategiestominimizetheserisksincludecarefulpatientselection,propersurg