專題03閱讀表達(dá)（期中復(fù)習(xí)講義）閱讀表達(dá)題是2021年北京高考新增題型。本題要求閱讀完一篇文章(300詞左右，但模擬考試題文章篇幅略長一些)，文體2021年為說明文，20222025年為記敘文，回答4道小題，包括細(xì)節(jié)信息題、判斷改錯題和開放寫作題。閱讀表達(dá)題是一種綜合性的題型，既考查學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力，又考查書面表達(dá)能力，同時，這類題目不但選材緊跟時代步伐，而且體裁多樣、結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、層次分明，是一種不錯的試題?！久}特點及考查點】第1,2小題通常為獲取事實信息題，主要考查學(xué)生獲取語篇中重要信息，并根據(jù)問題組織語言做出精準(zhǔn)、簡潔的回答。第3小題是判斷正誤及解釋題。本題需要學(xué)生將錯誤信息部分下劃線并進行解釋。本題考查點在于判斷理解、解釋，語言表達(dá)及邏輯連貫方面的能力。第4小題為開放寫作題，分值為5分，要求學(xué)生寫一段40詞左右的文段，就某一問題進行闡述或發(fā)表觀點。本小題不僅考查考生把握文章作者觀點以及運用語言發(fā)表觀點、反映情感態(tài)度和價值觀的能力，對考生的文章理解、觀點輸出和語言表達(dá)能力也提出了較大挑戰(zhàn)，是考生普遍感到困難的一道題。一．細(xì)節(jié)信息題1.設(shè)問形式此類問題的設(shè)置通?；谖恼伦陨韮?nèi)容，常用what,why,how等特殊疑問詞進行提問。2.答題技巧：解該類題時，首先要仔細(xì)審題，然后根據(jù)題干中出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞快速、準(zhǔn)確地在文章中定位相應(yīng)的語句，結(jié)合該語句（或其上下句）的內(nèi)容，用正確的格式進行回答，答案內(nèi)容往往是固定的、唯一的。1.以What設(shè)問回答方式:完整句子回答(注意時態(tài)一致)用名詞、名詞性的短語、從句...is(a/an)...Theyare...Themainreasonisthat...Bydoing...2.以How設(shè)問回答方式:Bydoing...(方式)He/Shefeels...(感受)3.以When或Where設(shè)問回答方式：介詞短語、狀語從句或完整句回答4.以Why設(shè)問回答方式:Inordertodosth.Todosth.Fordoingsth.Because+句子Becauseofn./doing.(2025·北京·高考)There’ssomethingmagicalaboutthewayimaginationworks.Aroundtheworld,kidsareusingimaginationinwaysthatwereonceonlyfoundinsciencefiction.TakethestoryofMarkLee.Helovedbikingaroundhisneighbourhoodbutgrewupsetseeingthatmanyplasticbottleslitteredtheparksandsidewalks.Insteadofsimplyplaining,hedecidedtodosomethingaboutit.Usinganold3Dprinter,Markstartedexperimenting.Hemelted(熔化)plasticbottlesdownandtriedshapingthemintosmallbricks.Atfirst,everythingwentwrong—theplasticbroke,theprinterjammed,andthepiecesdidn’tfittogether.Friendslaughedalittle,andevenMark’sparentsthoughtheshouldjustgiveup.ButMarkhadadifferentidea.Heredesignedthebrickstolocktogetherlikepuzzle(拼圖)piecesandadjustedtheheatingtemperaturecarefully.Aftermonthsoftrialanderror,hesucceeded.Withalittlehelpfromhisschoolandthelocalmunitycentre,Markusedhisbrickstobuildasmallbikeshelterforhisneighbourhood.Andhe’snotalone.ThirteenyearoldSallyCarterlovedreadingfantasybooks.Inspiredbymagicalmapsinherstories,shewondered:whatifwecouldbuildarealworldappthathelpspeopleexplorehiddenplacesintheirowncities?Shegatheredfriends,learnedsomebasicprogramming,andtogethertheycreatedanappthatmapssmalllocalparksandgardensfewpeopleknewabout.Theirappquicklygrewpopularintownandevenwonalocalyouthinnovationaward.Nexttimeyouseeayoungpersonlostinthought,don’trushtopullthemback.Theymightjustbeimaginingthenextgreatidea.40.WhatupsetMarkwhenhewasbikingaroundhisneighbourhood?_____________________________________________________________41.HowdoestheappcreatedbySallyandherfriendshelp?_____________________________________________________________40.Seeingthatmanyplasticbottleslitteredtheparksandsidewalks.41.Ithelpspeopleexplorehiddenplaceslikesmalllocalparksandgardensintheirowncities.40.【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段“Helovedbikingaroundhisneighbourhoodbutgrewupsetseeingthatmanyplasticbottleslitteredtheparksandsidewalks.(他喜歡在社區(qū)里騎自行車，但看到公園和人行道上到處都是塑料瓶，他很沮喪。)”可知，讓Mark沮喪的是看到公園和人行道上有很多塑料瓶。故填Seeingthatmanyplasticbottleslitteredtheparksandsidewalks.41.【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段“whatifwecouldbuildarealworldappthathelpspeopleexplorehiddenplacesintheirowncities?Shegatheredfriends,learnedsomebasicprogramming,andtogethertheycreatedanappthatmapssmalllocalparksandgardensfewpeopleknewabout.(如果我們能開發(fā)一個現(xiàn)實世界的應(yīng)用程序，幫助人們探索他們自己城市里隱藏的地方會怎么樣呢？她召集了朋友們，學(xué)習(xí)了一些基本的編程知識，然后他們一起開發(fā)了一個應(yīng)用程序，該程序可以繪制出很少有人知道的當(dāng)?shù)匦」珗@和花園的地圖。)”可知，Sally和她朋友創(chuàng)建的應(yīng)用程序幫助人們探索自己城市里像小公園和花園這樣隱藏的地方。故填I(lǐng)thelpspeopleexplorehiddenplaceslikesmalllocalparksandgardensintheirowncities.二．判斷改錯題該題型以“錯誤判斷”為主（占比約80%），“正確判斷”為輔，需針對兩類情況分別使用模板，確保格式規(guī)范、邏輯清晰。模板1：判斷為“錯誤”（最高頻）格式要求第一步：明確寫“Thisstatementisincorrect.”（首句表態(tài)，不可簡寫為“Wrong.”）；第二步：抄寫題干，并在錯誤信息下劃“__”；第三步：用12句話結(jié)合原文解釋，包含“原文依據(jù)+矛盾點分析”。具體模板Thisstatementisincorrect.Thestatementis:“Studentswhousemobilephonesoftenhavebetterexamscores.”Accordingtothepassage,theauthorpointsoutthat“studentsspendingtoomuchtimeonmobilephonesusuallygetlowerscoresinexams”.The“betterexamscores”inthestatementcontradictsthe“l(fā)owerscores”mentionedinthepassage,soitiswrong.替換場景（根據(jù)錯誤類型調(diào)整）否定詞錯誤：Thisstatementisincorrect.Thestatementis:“Regularexerciseisnothelpfulformentalhealth.”Accordingtothepassage,itsays“regularexercisecangreatlyimprovepeople’smentalhealth”.The“nothelpful”inthestatementisoppositetothe“greatlyimprove”inthepassage,soitisincorrect.時間/數(shù)字錯誤：Thisstatementisincorrect.Thestatementis:“Theprojectwillbepletedin2025.”Accordingtothepassage,theprojectisplannedtobefinishedin2024.The“2025”inthestatementdoesnotmatchthe“2024”inthepassage,soitiswrong.模板2：判斷為“正確”（低頻）格式要求第一步：明確寫“Thisstatementiscorrect.”（首句表態(tài)）；第二步：抄寫題干（無需下劃線）；第三步：結(jié)合原文解釋，說明“題干與原文信息一致”，可引用原文關(guān)鍵詞或句子。具體模板Thisstatementiscorrect.Thestatementis:“Readingfor30minuteseverydaycanhelpimprovevocabulary.”Accordingtothepassage,theauthormentionsthat“daily30minutereadingisaneffectivewaytoexpandvocabulary”.Thecontentofthestatementisconsistentwiththeinformationinthepassage,soitiscorrect.(2025屆北京市西城區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題)Ifyoulistentosomeselfimprovementlecturesaboutsuccess,you’llhearafamiliarsaying:Hustle(忙碌)harder.Itsoundslikesuccessisjustamatterofwillpowerandthatthelifeofyourdreamsiswithinreach.Manyyoungpeoplearebuyingintothismindset,spendingeverywakinghourworkingtowardambitiousgoals,onlytofindthemselveswornoutandunfulfilled.Hustleculturepromisessuccess,butitoftenleadstoburnoutanddisappointment.Thetruthisthatsuccessandfulfillmentdon’tefromconstantstruggle.Theyefromsomethingdeeperandmoresustainable:persistence(堅持).Hustleculturepraisesbiggoals.Butwhattheexpertswon’ttellyouisthatmostofthosegoalsrequireamixoftiming,luck,andsometimesevengenetics.Nomatterhowhardyouhustle,successisn’talwayswithinyourcontrol.Persistenceculture,ontheotherhand,takesadifferentapproach.Insteadoffocusingonmassive,highriskgoals,itemphasizesconsistenteffortovertime.Itencouragesgrowth,learning,andsteadyimprovement—factorsthatarewithinyourcontrol.Hustleculturefocusesongoals,ignoringtheprocess.Ittellsyoutochasesuccessatallcosts,evenifthatmeansdoingthingsyouhatealongtheway.Forexample,youlovepodcasting(制作播客).Youenjoytheconnectionwithyouraudience.Butifyoufollowhustleculture,yourfocusshiftstoprofit,audiencegrowth,andsocialmediaengagement.To“succeed,”youhavetolearnmarketingstrategiesthatyoudon’tactuallyenjoy.Persistenceculture,incontrast,prioritizestheprocessitself.Itasks:Doyouenjoywhatyou’redoing?Whenyoulovetheprocess,youdon’tneedexternalapprovaltokeepgoing.Successbeesabyproductofconsistencyandpassion.Insteadofmeasuringsuccessbyexternalfactors,itasks:HowcanIimprove?Maybeyourpodcastisn’tgettingmillionsofdownloads,butareyoubeingabetterinterviewer?Areyoudevelopingnewskills?Thesearethemeasuresthatmatterbecausethey’rewithinyourcontrol.3．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.>Hustleculturefocusesonmassive,highriskgoals,measuressuccessbyexternalfactorsandprioritizestheprocess.【答案】3．Hustleculturefocusesonmassive,highriskgoals,measuressuccessbyexternalfactorsandprioritizestheprocess.Accordingtothepassage,hustlecultureignorestheprocessinsteadofprioritizingtheprocessitself.【解析】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要對比了“忙碌文化”和“堅持文化”對成功的影響。3．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由文章第四段中“Hustleculturefocusesongoals,ignoringtheprocess.(忙碌文化關(guān)注目標(biāo)，忽視過程。)”以及第五段中“Persistenceculture,incontrast,prioritizestheprocessitself.(相比之下，堅持文化將過程本身置于首位。)”可知，“Hustleculturefocusesonmassive,highriskgoals,measuressuccessbyexternalfactorsandprioritizestheprocess.”這句話中“prioritizestheprocess”部分錯誤。忙碌文化忽視過程，而不是將過程置于首位。故答案為：Hustleculturefocusesonmassive,highriskgoals,measuressuccessbyexternalfactorsandprioritizestheprocess.Accordingtothepassage,hustlecultureignorestheprocessinsteadofprioritizingtheprocessitself.三．觀點態(tài)度類1.題型特點要求結(jié)合文章話題，描述“自己曾經(jīng)歷過的相關(guān)事件”，需包含“時間/場景+事件過程+事件帶來的感悟”，避免只講故事不扣題。微寫作試題的解題關(guān)鍵（1）字?jǐn)?shù)：寫滿四行（2）不能抄原文（3）總分模式（扣題：beauty=charm/elegance/loveliness）（1）總句：問什么答什么（2）Firstly，觀點一+，whichwill解釋一（意義/原因/反向論述）（3）Also，觀點二+soasto解釋二(2025屆北京市第八中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期熱身練英語試題)Hoganwasoneofthegreatestgolfersofthe20thcentury,anacplishmentheachievedthroughtirelesspractice.Forhim,everypracticesessionhadapurpose.Hespentyearsbreakingdowneachphaseofthegolfswingandtestingnewmethodsforeachpart.Theresultwasnearperfection.Hoganfinishedhiscareerwithninemajorchampionships.Duringhisprime,othergolfersattributedhisremarkablesuccessto“Hogan’ssecret”.Today,expertshaveanewtermforhisstyleofimprovement:deliberatepractice.Deliberatepracticereferstoaspecialtypeofpracticethatispurposefulandsystematic.Whileregularpracticemightincludemindlessrepetitions,deliberatepracticerequiresfocusedattentionandisconductedwiththespecificgoalofimprovingperformance.WhenHogancarefullyreconstructedeachstepofhisgolfswing,hewasengagingindeliberatepractice.Hewasfinelytuninghistechnique.Thegreatestchallengeofdeliberatepracticeistoremainfocused.Inthebeginning,showingupandputtinginyourrepeatedpracticeisthemostimportantthing.Butafterawhilewebegintocarelesslyoverlooksmallerrorsandmissdailyopportunitiesforimprovement.Thisisbecausethenaturaltendencyofthehumanbrainistotransformrepeatedbehaviorsintoautomatichabits.Themorewerepeatatask,themoremindlessitbees.Mindlessactivityistheenemyofdeliberatepractice.Thedangerofpracticingthesamethingagainandagainisthatprogressbeesassumed.Toooften,weassumewearegettingbettersimplybecausewearegainingexperience.Inreality,wearemerelyreinforcingourcurrenthabits—notimprovingthem.Deliberatepracticealwaysfollowsthesamepattern:breaktheoverallprocessdownintoparts,identifyyourweaknesses,testnewstrategiesforeachsection,andthenintegrateyourlearningintotheoverallprocess.Deliberatepracticedoesnotmeanthatyoucanfashionyourselfintoanythingwithenoughworkandeffort,though.Whilehumanbeingsdopossessaremarkableabilitytodeveloptheirskills,genesputlimitsonhowfaranyindividualcango.Butgeneticsdonotdetermineperformance.Itisdeliberatepracticethatcanhelpusmaximizeourpotential.Itturnspotentialintoreality.4．Useanexampletoshowhowyouwillusedeliberatepracticetodevelopyourskills?(Inabout40words)【答案】4．Useanexampletoshowhowyouwillusedeliberatepracticetodevelopyourskills?(Inabout40words)1.Whenlearningskiing,IoftenfellasIcouldn’tmaketurnsproperly.（情景描述）Ibroketheskillintohiprotation（轉(zhuǎn)胯）andweightshifting,practicingslowlywithvideofeedbacktofindmyhipsturnedtooearly.（方法應(yīng)用）After2weeks,Icouldturnsmoothlywithoutfalling.（效果說明）2.Whenlearningbasketball,Ialwayslosttheballwhiledribbling.（情景描述）Ibrokeitintolowhanddribblinganddirectionchanging,foundwristforcemistakesviaslowmotionvideos,practiced100timesdaily,（方法應(yīng)用）andimproveddribblingstabilityafter3weeks.（效果說明）3.WhilepracticingEnglishlistening,Ioftenmisseddetails.（情景描述）Isegmentedmaterialsforintensivelistening,dictatingsentencebysentencetomarkweakpronunciations.（方法應(yīng)用）Findingsounddroppingissuesbyparingwiththeoriginal,Ishadowedfor20minsdailyandraisedprehensionfrom60%to85%inamonth.（效果說明）4．開放性題目。本題為開放性題目，回答言之有理即可。題目的內(nèi)容是“Howwillyouusedeliberatepracticetodeveloponeofyourskills?(你將如何通過刻意練習(xí)來發(fā)展你的一項技能?)”；本人認(rèn)為我會將技能分解成幾個部分，找出自己的弱點，針對每個部分測試新的策略，然后將我的學(xué)習(xí)融入到整體過程中，以提高我的表現(xiàn)。故答案可以從以下步驟考慮(1)Whenlearningskiing,IoftenfellasIcouldn’tmaketurnsproperly.（情景描述）Ibroketheskillintohiprotation（轉(zhuǎn)胯）andweightshifting,practicingslowlywithvideofeedbacktofindmyhipsturnedtooearly.（方法應(yīng)用）After2weeks,Icouldturnsmoothlywithoutfalling.（效果說明）(2)Whenlearningbasketball,Ialwayslosttheballwhiledribbling.（情景描述）Ibrokeitintolowhanddribblinganddirectionchanging,foundwristforcemistakesviaslowmotionvideos,practiced100timesdaily,（方法應(yīng)用）andimproveddribblingstabilityafter3weeks.（效果說明）(3)WhilepracticingEnglishlistening,Ioftenmisseddetails.（情景描述）Isegmentedmaterialsforintensivelistening,dictatingsentencebysentencetomarkweakpronunciations.（方法應(yīng)用）Findingsounddroppingissuesbyparingwiththeoriginal,Ishadowedfor20minsdailyandraisedprehensionfrom60%to85%inamonth.（效果說明）基礎(chǔ)通關(guān)（測試時間：15分鐘）Passage1（2425高二上·北京·期中）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。LeonardoDaVinciwasagenius:wildlyimaginative,passionatelycuriousandcreativeacrossmultipledisciplines—painting,architecture,aeronautics,andengineering.Yetoddlytheword“genius”minimizeshimbymakingitseemasifheweretouchedbylightning.Hisearlybiographermadethismistake:“Sometimes,inasupernaturalfashion,asinglepersonisgiftedbyheavenwithbeauty,grace,andtalentinsuchabundancethatseemsthathiseveryactisdivine(天賜的).”Infact,theselftaughtLeonardo’sgeniuswasshapedbyhisownwillandambition.Itdidnotefrombeingthedivinerecipient,likeNewtonorEinstein.PartofwhatmadeLeonardoagenius,whatsethimapartfrompeoplewhoaremerelyextraordinarilysmart,wascreativity.Histalentforbiningobservationwithfantasyallowedhimtomakeunexpectedleapsthatrelatedthingsseentothingsunseen.Leonardowasalsoaveryhumangenius.Hemademistakes.Heleftatrailofunfinishedprojects,flyingmachinesthatneverflew,tanksthatneverrolled.“TellmeifeverIdidathing...Tellmeifanythingwasevermade.”HisflawedhumanitymakesLeonardomoreaccessible.Eventhoughwemayneverbeabletomatchhistalents,wecanlearnfromhimandtrytobemorelikehim.Hislifeoffersawealthoflessons.Seekknowledgeforitsownsake.Notallknowledgeneedstobeuseful.Sometimesitshouldbepursuedforpurepleasure.LeonardodidnotneedtoknowhowheartvalvesworktopainttheMonaLisa,nordidheneedtofigureouthowfossilsgottothetopofmountainstoproduceVirginoftheRocks.Byallowinghimselftobedrivenbypurecuriosity,hegottoexploremorehorizonsandsecmoreconnections.Keepachildlikesenseofwonder.Atacertainpointinlife,mostofusquitpuzzlingovereverydayphenomena.Wemightsavorthebeautyofabluesky,butwenolongerbothertowonderwhyitisthatcolor.Leonardodid.Becurious,observethings,seethingsunseen,respectfacts,beopentomystery…WecanneverlearmenoughfromLeonardo.1．WhatsetDaVinciapartfrompeoplewhoaremerelyextraordinarilysmart?2．WhywasDaVinciregardedasaveryhumangenius?3．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.DaVinci’slifeoffersusawealthoflessons,oneofwhichistoseekusefulknowledge.4．WhichqualityofDaVinci’sdoyouappreciatemost?Howcanitbenefityouinyourlife?(Inabout40words)【答案】1．Creativitysetshimapartfrompeoplewhoaremerelyextraordinarilysmart.2．Becausehemademistakesandheleftatrailofunfinishedprojects,suchasflyingmachinesthatneverflewandtanksthatneverrolled.3．DaVinci’slifeoffersusawealthoflessons,oneofwhichistoseekusefulknowledge.Becausenotallknowledgeneedstobeuseful.Sometimesitshouldbepursuedforpurepleasure.4．Onepossibleversion:Iappreciatethequalityofbeingcuriousmost.Becausebeingcuriouscanforcemetokeeplearningnewknowledge.IfIamcuriousaboutoneproblem,Iwillrefertosomebookstogetabetterunderstandingoftheknowledge.【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了達(dá)·芬奇是一個有創(chuàng)造力，有人類本性的天才。他充滿好奇心，善于觀察事物，尊重事實，接受神秘等這些品質(zhì)，值得我們學(xué)習(xí)。1．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段“PartofwhatmadeLeonardoagenius,whatsethimapartfrompeoplewhoaremerelyextraordinarilysmart,wascreativity.(使列奧納多成為天才的部分原因，使他與那些僅僅是非常聰明的人區(qū)別開來的部分原因是創(chuàng)造力)”可知，是創(chuàng)造力將達(dá)·芬奇與那些只是非常聰明的人區(qū)別開來，故答案為Creativity.或Creativitysetshimapartfrompeoplewhoaremerelyextraordinarilysmart.2．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段“Leonardowasalsoaveryhumangenius.Hemademistakes.Heleftatrailofunfinishedprojects,flyingmachinesthatneverflew,tanksthatneverrolled.(列奧納多也是一個非常有人類本性的天才。他犯了錯誤。他留下了一系列未完成的項目——從沒飛過的飛行器，從沒啟動過的坦克)”可知，達(dá)·芬奇也犯錯，而且還留下一系列未完成的項目，比如從沒飛過的飛行器和從沒啟動過的坦克，所以達(dá)·芬奇被認(rèn)為是一個有人類本性的天才，故答案為Becausehemademistakesandheleftatrailofunfinishedprojects,suchasflyingmachinesthatneverflewandtanksthatneverrolled.3．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Seekknowledgeforitsownsake.Notallknowledgeneedstobeuseful.Sometimesitshouldbepursuedforpurepleasure.(為知識本身而求知。并非所有的知識都必須有用。有時應(yīng)該純粹為了快樂而追求)”可知，錯誤的部分為“oneofwhichistoseekusefulknowledge”，因為并非所有的知識都必須有用。有時應(yīng)該純粹為了快樂而追求。故答案為DaVinci’slifeoffersusawealthoflessons,oneofwhichistoseekusefulknowledge.Becausenotallknowledgeneedstobeuseful.Sometimesitshouldbepursuedforpurepleasure.4．考查開放題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Becurious,observethings,seethingsunseen,respectfacts,beopentomystery…”(要有好奇心，觀察事物，看到看不見的東西，尊重事實，接受神秘……)可知，這些都是達(dá)·芬奇的品質(zhì)，以好奇心為例，談?wù)労闷嫘膶ψ约荷畹暮锰?。故答案為：Onepossibleversion:Iappreciatethequalityofbeingcuriousmost.Becausebeingcuriouscanforcemetokeeplearningnewknowledge.IfIamcuriousaboutoneproblem,Iwillrefertosomebookstogetabetterunderstandingoftheknowledge.Passage2（2425高二上·北京·期中）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問題。ThePathtoSuccessSuccessisaconceptthatholdsdifferentmeaningsfordifferentpeople.Forsome,itmaybetheaccumulationofwealth,whileforothers,itcouldmeanachievingcareermilestonesoracademicexcellence.Therearealsothosewhoseesuccessasleadingahappylife,havingaharmoniousfamily,ormaintaininggoodrelationshipswithothers.Therefore,successdoesnothaveauniversalstandard;itsdefinitionvariesfrompersontoperson.However,despitethevariousinterpretationsofsuccess,certainqualitiesandapproachesaresharedbythosewhosucceed.Onekeytraitisperseverance.Achievinganysignificantacplishmentrequirestimeanderror.Manysuccessfulpeoplestandoutnotbecausetheyneverfacedsetbacks,butbecausetheydidnotgiveupwhenfacedwithdifficulties.Forexample,1homasEdison,thefamousinventor,encounteredthousandsoffailuresbeforefinallyinventingthelightbulb.Hadhenotpossessedthespiritofperseverance,theinventionofthelightbulbmighthavebeenlateformanyyears.Anothercrucialfactorissettingcleargoalssinceawelldefinedgoalprovidesdirectionandhelpspeoplestayfocusedontheirpursuits.Psychologicalstudieshaveshownastrongcorrelationbetweengoalsettingandthefeelingofachievement.Whenpeopleestablishspecific,realisticgoalsandworkdiligentlytowardsthem,theirchancesofsuccessgreatlyincrease.Forinstance,athleteswhoaimtoimprovetheirperformancebysettingsmall,achievabletargetsoftenexperiencegreaterprogressthanthosewhoonlydreamofwinningbigpetitionswithoutaclearplan.Inaddition,continuouslearningandadaptabilityplayessentialrolesinachievingsuccess.Themodernworldisdevelopingrapidly,withnewknowledgeandtechnologiesemergingconstantly.Onlythosewhokeeplearningandupdatingtheirskillscanstaypetitiveinsuchafastpacedenvironment.Taketheexampleofsuccessfulentrepreneurs:manyofthemattributetheirachievementstotheirabilitytolearnfrommistakesandadapttochangingmarketdemands.Whilehardwork,goalsetting,andlifelonglearningaresignificant,itisalsoimportanttoadmittheroleofluckinsuccess.Sometimes,beingintherightplaceattherighttimecanopendoorsthatwereotherwiseclosed.However,luckaloneisnotenough;itmustbebinedwithpreparationandefforttotrulymakeadifference.Inconclusion,successisamultifacetedconceptinfluencedbyavarietyoffactors.Whilethedefinitionofsuccessmaydifferfromonepersontoanother,perseverance,cleargoalsetting,andcontinuouslearningareuniversallyacknowledgedasessentialtraitsforachievingit.Byembracingtheseprinciplesandremainingopentochange,anyonecanincreasetheirchancesofreachingtheirversionofsuccess.1．Whyissettingcleargoalsacrucialfactorforsuccess?2．Accordingtothepassage,whichessentialelementsareuniversallyacknowledgedtoachievesuccess?(Listtwo)3．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.>Manysuccessfulentrepreneurswhocanstaypetitiveinsuchafastpacedenvironmentthinktheirachievementsarearesultoftheirperseverance.4．Doyouagreewiththestatement“Luckplaysaroleinsuccess”?Whyorwhynot?【答案】1．Becauseawelldefinedgoalprovidesdirectionandhelpspeoplestayfocusedontheirpursuits.2．Perseveranceandcleargoalsetting./Continuouslearningandperseverance./Cleargoalsettingandcontinuouslearning.3．Manysuccessfulentrepreneurswhocanstaypetitiveinsuchafastpacedenvironmentthinktheirachievementsarearesultoftheirperseverance.Becausemanysuccessfulentrepreneursattributetheirachievementstotheirabilitytolearnfrommistakesandadapttochangingmarketdemands,ratherthantotheirperseverance.4．No,Idon’tagree.BecauseIbelievethatsuccessismainlydeterminedbyone’sownefforts,abilities,andperseverance.Althoughluckmayplayaroleinsomecases,itisnotthedecisivefactor.Successrequireshardwork,cleargoalsetting,continuouslearning,andadaptability.【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了成功的概念及其實現(xiàn)路徑，指出成功對于不同人有不同的意義，但成功者通常具備一些共同的品質(zhì)和做法，如堅持不懈、設(shè)定明確目標(biāo)、持續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)和適應(yīng)變化等。1．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中“Anothercrucialfactorissettingcleargoalssinceawelldefinedgoalprovidesdirectionandhelpspeoplestayfocusedontheirpursuits.(另一個關(guān)鍵因素是設(shè)定明確的目標(biāo)，因為明確的目標(biāo)可以提供方向，并幫助人們專注于自己的追求)”可知，設(shè)定明確的目標(biāo)對于成功至關(guān)重要，因為它為人們提供了方向，并幫助他們專注于自己的追求。故答案為：Becauseawelldefinedgoalprovidesdirectionandhelpspeoplestayfocusedontheirpursuits.2．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中“Whilethedefinitionofsuccessmaydifferfromonepersontoanother,perseverance,cleargoalsetting,andcontinuouslearningareuniversallyacknowledgedasessentialtraitsforachievingit.(雖然成功的定義可能因人而異，但堅持不懈、設(shè)定明確的目標(biāo)和持續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)是被普遍認(rèn)為是實現(xiàn)成功所必需的品質(zhì))”可知，普遍公認(rèn)的實現(xiàn)成功的關(guān)鍵要素包括堅持不懈、設(shè)定明確的目標(biāo)和持續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)，任一兩種組合皆可。故答案為：Perseveranceandcleargoalsetting./Continuouslearningandperseverance./Cleargoalsettingandcontinuouslearning.3．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中“Taketheexampleofsuccessfulentrepreneurs:manyofthemattributetheirachievementstotheirabilitytolearnfrommistakesandadapttochangingmarketdemands.(以成功的企業(yè)家為例：他們中的許多人將他們的成就歸因于他們從錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)并適應(yīng)不斷變化的市場需求的能力)”可知，許多成功的企業(yè)家將他們的成就歸因于從錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)并適應(yīng)市場需求的能力，而不是堅持不懈。因此，句中“perseverance”這一部分是錯誤的，應(yīng)劃線，因為許多成功的企業(yè)家將他們的成就歸功于他們從錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)和適應(yīng)不斷變化的市場需求的能力，而不是他們的毅力。故答案為：Manysuccessfulentrepreneurswhocanstaypetitiveinsuchafastpacedenvironmentthinktheirachievementsarearesultoftheirperseverance.Becausemanysuccessfulentrepreneursattributetheirachievementstotheirabilitytolearnfrommistakesandadapttochangingmarketdemands,ratherthantotheirperseverance.4．考查開放性問題。例如：我不贊同“運氣在成功中起作用”這一說法。因為我相信成功主要是由一個人自己的努力、能力和毅力決定的。雖然運氣在某些情況下可能起作用，但它不是決定性因素。成功需要努力工作、明確目標(biāo)、不斷學(xué)習(xí)和適應(yīng)能力。故答案為：No,Idon’tagree.BecauseIbelievethatsuccessismainlydeterminedbyone’sownefforts,abilities,andperseverance.Althoughluckmayplayaroleinsomecases,itisnotthedecisivefactor.Successrequireshardwork,cleargoalsetting,continuouslearning,andadaptability.Passage3（2425高二上·北京·期中）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。Itwasn’tlongafterIfinishedhighschoolthatIassuredmyparentstheyneedn’tworryaboutmyexpensesanymore.Iwasdeterminedtoliveindependentlyandmakethemproud.Mygoalwastosecureajobimmediatelyaftergraduationandcontributefinanciallytomyfamily.Withdreamsofabrightfuturedancinginmyeyes,Ibeganapplyingforcourseswithscholarshipsandjobsinmyfieldofinterest.However,duetofinancialandmedicalsetbacks,Ifacednothingbutrejections.Undeterred,Ipersistedinmyapplications,onlytobeturneddowneachtime.Afternumerousattempts,Ireluctantlyabandonedmyinitialdreamsandambitions,decidingtoswitchtoanotherfield.Mysoleobjectivebecametopletemystudiesasquicklyaspossible,andso,onmyfriends’advice,Ichosetostudytourism.Inparallel,Icontinuedtoapplyforjobs,butwasconsistentlydeniedduetobeingtooyoungorbecauseIwantedtostudyalongsideworking.Whilemypeersweresecuringgoodpositions,Istruggledtomakeendsmeetandhadtoaskmyparentsforfinancialsupport.Peoplebegantoridiculeme,sayingthingslike.“Youcan’tdoanything,”or“You’restilllivingoffyourparentswhileothersyouragearestandingontheirowntwofeet.”Inearlylosthope,butmyparentsalwaysreassuredmeoftheirpride,regardlessofwhetherIhadajobornot.Theybelieve