第1頁/共1頁2023-2024學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期中高二年級教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語注意事項：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)的位置。2.全部答案在答題卡上完成，答在本試卷上無效。3.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案用0.5mm黑色筆跡簽字筆寫在答題卡上。4.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。5.本試題共12頁，滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍，例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anexhibition. B.Acomputer. C.Agame.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Oh,John,thisexhibitionisamazing.Lookatallthesetoysfromtheeighties.Irememberallofthesethings.Look,thereisaPacMancomputergame.M:Yeah,it’sagreatexhibition.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howdidthemankeepfit?A.Helearnedtoswim. B.Hetookexercise. C.Hestoppeddrinking.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Steve.You’velostalotofweight.Youlookveryfitnow.Howdidyoudothat?M:Istoppedsmokingandwenttothegymtogetalotofexercise.W:That’swhyyouwonthesecondplaceintheswimmingrace.M:Yeah.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhendoesthestoreopenonSundays?A.At8:30a.m B.At9:00a.m C.At9:30a.m【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:It’s8:30amnowIhavebeenwaitinghereforhalfanhour.W:Youwillhavetowaitanother30minutes.ThisstoreopenslaterthanusualonSundays.M:Ican’twaitanymore.It’ssocold.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Cold. B.Warm C.Hot.【答案】C【解析】【詳解】M:IthinkI’mgettingacold.W:Youhavestayedinthisairconditionedroomfortoolong.Justgooutandcatchsomefreshair.M:Areyoukidding?Thesunisburningeverythingoutthere.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whydoesthemanwanttohaveblacktea?A.Tobehealthy B.Tobecomeenergetic. C.Tocalmdown【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:I’dliketohaveacupoftea.Whatdoyourecommend?W:Well,thatdependsonwhatyouneed.Greenteaisthebestforyourhealth.Teamadefromflowersisgood.Ifyouneedtocalmdownandblackteaisthebestchoiceifyouneedtoberefreshed.M:I’lltakesomeblacktea.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheboy’sproblem?A.It’sstrange B.It’sembarrassing. C.It’scommon7.Whatdoesthewomanadvisetheboytodo?A.Studywithafixedpartner.B.Studyaloneinthelibrary.C.StudywithAgonyAuntHotline.【答案】6C7.A【解析】【詳解】W:Agony,aunthotline.Who’sthat?Andwhat’syourproblem?M:ThisisBrettspeaking.Myproblemissillyandabitembarrassing.IjustfindithardtoconcentratewhenIstudyalone.W:Brett,yourproblemisn’tsillyatall.Infact,lotsofpeopleexperiencethesamethingasyou.M:Really.SowhatshouldIdo?W:Findaregularstudypartnertostudytogetherafterschool,inalibraryorateachother’shome.M:I’llgiveitashot.Thanks.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whosepartydidthemangotolastweek?A.Maria’s. B.Amanda’s. C.Thewoman’s.9.WhatdoesitmeanwhentheChineseask“Haveyoueaten?”?A.Aninformalinvitation. B.Acommonquestion. C.Afriendlygreeting【答案】8.B9.C【解析】【原文】M:Oh,Ican’tcontactMaria.ImetherlastweekatAmanda’sparty.Whensheleft,shesaidweshouldgettogetheragainsometime.ButnowIrealizeIdon’thaveherphonenumber.W:Well,actually,inChineseculture,that’sacommonwaytosaygoodbye.M:Whatdoyoumean?W:Well,theChineseusuallysay,let’sgettogetheragainsometime,buttheyseldomgettogether.AndwhentheChineseaskyou,“haveyoueaten?”,itdoesn’tmeantheywanttotreatyoutoameal.It’sjustafriendlygreeting.M:Really?That’squiteinteresting.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Howlonghasthemanworkedinthenewcompany?A.Forthreemonths. B.Fortwomonths. C.Foramonth11.Whatdepartmentdoesthemanworkin?A.Intheproductiondepartment.B.Inthemarketingdepartment.C.Inthehumanresourcesdepartment.12.Howistheworkdoneinthenewcompany?A.Byoneself B.Inteams C.Bymachines.13.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisnewboss?A.Respectable. B.Active C.Bad-tempered.【答案】10.A11.B12.B13.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Betty.W:Hi,Andy.howareyoufindingyournewjob?M:Prettygood.Myworkmatesseemallright.Inthepast3monthseverythinghasbeengreat.W:That’snice.Whatdotheyhaveyoudoingoverthere?M:Well,Iworkinthemarketingdepartment.Thecompanycultureistotallydifferent.BeforewhenIwasassignedatask,Iwastotallyonmyown,butheretheworkisdoneinteams.W:That’sreallygood.M:Indeed.Ilikeourboss,too.Heiseasytogetalongwithandhetreatseverybodyherewithrespectandcare.He’salsohighlyrespectedbyallhisemployees.W:That’sgoodforapositiveworkenvironmentandhelpsimproveandencourageemployees.Iwishmybosswaslikethat.M:True.Takemyformermanagerasanexample.Hewasextremelybadtemperedandalwaysfoundfaultwithothers.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whoareprobablythespeakers?A.Teachers. B.Writers C.Students15.WhichofthefollowingisMera'sfavorite?A.Nature. B.Science C.Newsweek.16.HowoftendoesMeragotothereadingclub?A.Onceaweek. B.Twiceaweek. C.Twiceamonth.17.Wherearethespeakerslikelytogonext?A.Tothenewbookstore. B.Tothereadingclub. C.Tothedessertshop【答案】14.C15.C16.B17.C【解析】【原文】M:Mira,yourcompositionsarealwayshighlypraisedbyMR.Thomas.What’syoursecret?W:First,Ireadalot,especiallyforeignjournals.Theycanhelpmebroadenmyhorizons.M:Well,whichforeignjournalsdoyouusuallyread?W:IlikeNewsweekbestandIalsoreadtheBostonGlobeandnature.M:Okay,I’llgotothebookstoretobuysomejournalsonmywayhome.W:Actually,youcanalsoborrowthemfromthelibrary.M:Goodidea.ThenwhatelseshouldIdotoimprovemywriting?W:Thesecondstepistoexpressyourinnerthoughts.Formethebestwayistojoinareadingclub.IoftentalktoothermembersoftheclubabouthowIfeelaboutthebooksI'veread.M:Thatsoundspractical.Wemaylearnalotfromothersideas.W:Yousaidit.IgotothereadingclubeveryMondayandFriday.Youcangowithmeifyoulikethat.M:Thatcouldn’tbebetterThanksforinvitingme.Wouldyoulikesomeicecream?Mytreat?W:Sure.Whocansaynotoicecream?聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.Whichcanbeexchangedforafreebusride?A.Twolargebottles. B.Fivesmallbottles. C.Tenplasticcups.19.Whatistheaimoftheprogram?A.Tocutwaste. B.Tocollectbottles. C.Toreducethecost.20.Whocollectthebottlesintherecyclingbins?A.Ticketofficers. B.Busdrivers. C.Busriders.【答案】18.C19.A20.A【解析】【原文】W:Lotsofpeoplecarryingbags,fullofplasticbottlesandcups,queueatabusybusstationintheIndonesiancityofSurabaya.Theprogramhasbeenahit.Abusridewithunlimitedstopscoststhreelargebottles,fivemediumbottles,ortenplasticcups,buttheymustbecleanedandkeptinshape.Therehasbeenagoodresponsefromthepublic.Painwithplasticisoneofthethingsthathavemadepeopleenthusiasticbecauseupuntilnow,plasticwastewasjustseenasuseless.Theprogramaimsnotonlytocutwaste,butalsotoreducetheheavytrafficbyencouragingpeopletotakebuses.Atpresent,thereare20near-newbuses,eachwithanexperienceddriver,recyclingbinsandticketofficerswhocollectanyleftoverbottles.It’sreportedthatabout6tonsofplasticrubbisharecollectedfrompassengerseachmonthbeforebeingsoldtorecyclingcompanies.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。ASendingyourrugs(小地毯)tothecleanerscangetexpensive.Agrowingnumberofbrandsaremakingrugsdesignedtobethrowndirectlyintoyourownwashingmachine.RevivalWashableRugPrice:$109andupSize:2ft.×3ft.Care:Machine-washable,hang-dryfor36hours.ConsumerReports'take:Thissmallrugfeelssoftunderyourfeetandhidesstains(污漬)well.Afterhavingcoffeedroppedonit,a30-minutegentlecycleinawashergotridoftheresultingstains.LorenaCanalsRugPrice:$629Size:5ft.7in.×7ft.11in.Care:Machine-washincoldwater.Dryonlowheat.ConsumerReports'take:Asinglemachinewashinggotridofthebigcoffeestainmadeonthiswoolandcottonrug.Itcangointhedryer,too,andmayrequire2hourstogetcompletelydry.RuggableMoroccanRugPrice:$309andupSize:5ft.×7ft.Care:Machine-washable.Dryonlowheatorhang-dryfor36hours.ConsumerReports'take:Thissuper-softrugiseasytoclean.Adamptowelaloneremovedajuicestain.Theotherstainsontherugdisappearedaftermachine-washingitonagentlecycle.RuggableJonathanRugPrice:$119andupSize:2ft.×3ft.Care:Machine-washincoldwater.Dryonlowheatorhang-dryforaboutanhour.ConsumerReports'take:Thisrugstayedingoodshapeeventhoughitwasusedinahigh-traffickitchen.Allstainsweregoneafterwashingitusingagentlecycle.21.HowlongdoesawashertaketoremovecoffeestainsonRevivalWashableRug?A.36hours. B.30minutes. C.2hours. D.23minutes.22.WhichrugissuitableforkitchenuseaccordingtoConsumerReports'view?A.RevivalWashableRug B.LorenaCanalsRugC.RuggableMoroccanRug D.RuggableJonathanRug23.Whatdotheserugshaveincommon?A.Theyallcost$119andup. B.Theyareverysimilarinsize.C.Theydryonlyonlowheat. D.Theyaremachine-washable.【答案】21.B22.D23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了四款可機洗地毯的特點、價格和用戶評價?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RevivalWashableRug段落中“Afterhavingcoffeedroppedonit,a30-minutegentlecycleinawashergotridoftheresultingstains.”（咖啡掉在上面后，在洗衣機中輕輕運轉(zhuǎn)30分鐘就能去除污漬。）可知，洗衣機需要30分鐘的時間才能去除Revival可洗地毯上的咖啡漬。故選B項?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RuggableJonathanRug段落中“Thisrugstayedingoodshapeeventhoughitwasusedinahigh-traffickitchen.”（即使是在人流量很大的廚房里使用，這塊地毯也保持得很好。）可知，根據(jù)消費者報告，RuggableJonathanRug這種地毯適合廚房使用。故選D項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Agrowingnumberofbrandsaremakingrugsdesignedtobethrowndirectlyintoyourownwashingmachine.”（越來越多的品牌開始生產(chǎn)可以直接扔進洗衣機的地毯。）和下文對每款地毯的描述可知，這四款地毯的共同點是可機洗。故選D項。BEverythingwentwrongforAmericanclimberBeckWeathersonhistriptoMountQomolangmainMayof1996.HiseyesresponsetotheextremelythinoxygenlevelsnearthehighestsummitonEarthwas“snowblindness”.Weatherscouldnotseemorethan3feetinfrontofhim.Hisguide,RobHall,madehimagreenottoclimbtothesummitandhewouldwaitforHalltillhegotback.AnothergroupofclimbersreturningdownfromapowerfulsnowstormcameuponWeathers.Theydecidedtohelphimdown,butastormwith70mphwindsforcedthemtomerelygathertogetherforwarmth.Duringaquietperiodofthestorm,onemanwentbacktothecampforassistance.Hourslaterhelpreturned,buttheydecidedWeatherswastoounresponsiveandappearedtobebeyondsaving.Hewasleftwaitingfordeath.“Iwokeupinthesnow,openedmyeyes,anddirectlyinfrontofmewasmyunglovedrighthand,whichwasclearlydead,”Weathersremembered."Itlookedlikeamarblesculptureofahand.Ihititontheiceandrealizedthatsomuchofmytissuewasdead,soIwasn'tfeelinganypain.Thathadthewonderfuleffectoffocusingmyattention.IfIdidn'tstandup,IrealizedIwasgoingtodieonthatspot.IfiguredIhadthreeorfourhourslefttolive,soIstartedwalking.AllIknewwas,aslongasmylegswouldrun,andIcouldstandup,Iwasgoingtomovetowardthat.camp.IfIfelldown,IwasgoingtogetupandkeepmovinguntilIhitthatcamp.”AseverybodythoughtWeatherscouldnotsurvive,hestruggledtostandupandmoveforwardforsurvivalinthefaceofadversity.Finally,hemadeit.It'sbelievedthathissuccessreliedonhisstrongbeliefandcourage.24.WhydidBeckWeathersgiveupclimbingtheMountQomolangma?A.Becausethetoughenvironmenttookhisbreathaway.B.Becausethecoldweatherfrozehishandsandfeet.C.Becausethethinoxygenlevelnarrowedhiseyesight.D.Becausetheterriblestormdamagedhisequipment.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unresponsive”meaninthesecondparagraph?A.Reactionless. B.Emotionless. C.Faithless. D.Fearless.26.HowdidBeckWeathersmanagetoreturntothecamp?A.Byfocusingattention. B.Byawaitingrescue.C.Byremainingstanding. D.Bykeepingwalking27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBeckWeathers?A.Ambitious. B.Courageous. C.Dynamic. D.Responsible.【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，講述了美國登山者貝克·威瑟斯(BeckWeathers)在1996年5月攀登珠穆朗瑪峰(MountQomolangma)時的不幸遭遇以及他如何憑借堅強的意志和勇氣生存下來的故事?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“HiseyesresponsetotheextremelythinoxygenlevelsnearthehighestsummitonEarthwas“snowblindness”.Weatherscouldnotseemorethan3feetinfrontofhim.(他的眼睛對地球上最高山峰附近極度稀薄的氧氣水平的反應(yīng)是“雪盲”。威瑟斯無法看到前方超過3英尺的地方)”可知，貝克·威瑟斯因為氧氣稀薄導(dǎo)致雪盲，視線范圍不超過3英尺，因此放棄了攀登珠穆朗瑪峰。故選C項?！?5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hewasleftwaitingfordeath.(他被留下等待死亡)”其他登山者把他留在這里等死，說明他們認為他活下來的可能性不大，也就是說unresponsive的意思是沒有反應(yīng)了。故選A項?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“IfIdidn'tstandup,IrealizedIwasgoingtodieonthatspot.IfiguredIhadthreeorfourhourslefttolive,soIstartedwalking.(如果我不站起來，我意識到我會在那個地方死去。我估計自己還有三四個小時的生命，所以我開始走路)”可知，威瑟斯意識到如果不站起來，他將死在那個地方。于是他站起來繼續(xù)前進，直到到達營地。這表明他是通過不斷行走回到營地的。故選D項?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“It'sbelievedthathissuccessreliedonhisstrongbeliefandcourage.(人們相信他的成功依賴于他堅強的信念和勇氣)”威瑟斯的成功依賴于他堅強的信念和勇氣。這表明他是一個勇敢的人。故選B項。CFormanyyoungstudents,theschoolbreakisnotatimeforplay,butratheraperiodofintenseworkingoutatweightlosscamps.TheextremepopularityofthesecampsisasignofthealarmingtrendinChina—childhoodobesity(過度肥胖).AccordingtoareportpublishedbytheNationalHealthCommissionin2020,oneinfiveChineseyouthaged6—17yearsisoverweightorobese,upfromjustonein20in1995.Thisincreaseisdrivenbymultiplesocialfactors.Forinstance,heavycourseworkatschoolandareadyavailabilityofdigitaldevicesarefixingthecountry’syoungergenerationsinamoreinactivelifestyle.Also,anage-oldbeliefthatmorefoodconsumptionequalsbettergrowthhasledmanyparentstospoiltheirchildrenwithanunlimitedsupplyofjunkfoodandlatenightsnacks.Besides,weightgainduringtheirmother’spregnancy,regularlyskippingbreakfast,highintakeofsweetfoodsanddrinks,andinsufficientsleepcanalladdtotheriskofbecomingoverweight.Extraweightgainedinchildhoodmaylikelybecarriedintoadulthoodandincreasetherisksofhighbloodpressure,heartdisease,sleepdisordersandcancers.What’smore,thestrongfeelingofsocialdisapprovalrelatedtoobesitycanalsohaveadangerouseffectonachild’semotionalwell-beingandself-esteem(自尊).Someofoverweightteenagerscan’tevenfinishtheirprimaryeducation.Therefore,parentsshouldcloselymonitortheirchildren’sweightfromanearlyagesothattheycanintervenewithoutdelaywhensignsofobesityshow.Thatdoesnotmeanthatparentsshouldrelyondietaryrestrictionorslimmingpillsfordramatictransformations.Abalanceddiet,regularphysicalactivity,limitedscreentimeandsufficientsleepareenoughtohelpchildrenmaintainahealthyweight.28.HowdidtheobesityrateforChineseyouthchangefrom1995to2020?A.Itmorethandoubled. B.Itbecamefourtimes.C.Itstayedthesame. D.Itdroppedbyhalf.29.Whatcontributestotheincreaseinchildhoodobesity?A.Adropinphysicalactivities. B.Anlimitedsupplyofsnacks.C.Reducedintakeofsugarydrinks. D.Rightamountsofrestfulsleep.30.Whatshouldparentsdotohelptheirchildrenavoidobesity?A.Theyshouldstoptheirchildrenhavingsweetfoods.B.Theyshouldlimittheirchildren'stimespentindoors.C.Theyshouldkeepclosetrackoftheirchildren’sweight.D.Theyshouldasktheirchildrentotakeslimmingpills.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ChildhoodObesityinChina B.ConcernsaboutPublicHealthC.IncreaseinChildren’sHeight D.HealthyLifestyleRecommended【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是篇說明文。文章主要描述了我國青少年肥胖率日益增長的現(xiàn)象，分析了這一現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因和危害性，提出了相應(yīng)的解決辦法?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AccordingtoareportpublishedbytheNationalHealthCommissionin2020,oneinfiveChineseyouthaged6-17yearsisoverweightorobese,upfromjustonein20in1995.”（根據(jù)國家衛(wèi)生健康委員會2020年發(fā)布的一份報告，中國6-17歲的青少年中有五分之一超重或肥胖，而1995年這一比例僅為二十分之一。）可知，從1995年到2020年，我國青少年肥胖率由1/20增長到了1/5，增長了四倍。故選B。【29題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisincreaseisdrivenbymultiplesocialfactors.Forinstance,heavycourseworkatschoolandareadyavailabilityofdigitaldevicesarefixingthecountry’syoungergenerationsinamoreinactivelifestyle.”（這種增長是由多種社會因素推動的。例如，學(xué)校繁重的課業(yè)和現(xiàn)成的數(shù)字設(shè)備使該國的年輕一代陷入了一種更不活躍的生活方式。）可知，繁重的課業(yè)和數(shù)字設(shè)備使青少年陷入了一種不活躍的生活方式，體力活動減少了，這也是造成肥胖率增長的一個因素。故選A?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Therefore,parentsshouldcloselymonitortheirchildren’sweightfromanearlyagesothattheycanintervenewithoutdelaywhensignsofobesityshow.”（因此，父母應(yīng)從小密切監(jiān)測孩子的體重，以便在出現(xiàn)肥胖跡象時及時干預(yù)。）可知，父母應(yīng)該密切關(guān)注孩子的體重，以幫助他們避免肥胖的出現(xiàn)。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“TheextremepopularityofthesecampsisasignofthealarmingtrendinChina—childhoodobesity(過度肥胖).”（這些營地的極端流行是在中國令人擔(dān)憂的趨勢的一個跡象——兒童肥胖癥。）和文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要描述了中國兒童肥胖癥日益增多的現(xiàn)象，以及產(chǎn)生的原因和危害。故選A。DPoetryhasalonghistory,datingbacktotheEpic(史詩)ofGilgamesh,composed4,000yearsagoinwhatisnowIraqandSyria.EarlypoemsdevelopedfromfolksongssuchastheChineseShijing,orfromaneedtoretelltheactionsofgreatmenandwomenoraboutanation’shistory.Ancientattemptstodefinepoetry,suchasAristotle’sPoetics,focusedontheusesofspeechinrhetoric,drama,songandcomedy.Laterattemptsconcentratedonfeaturessuchasrepetition,verseformandrhyme,andemphasizedtheaesthetics(美學(xué))whichdistinguishpoetryfrommoreobjectivelyinformativeformsofwriting.Fromthemid-20thcentury,poetryhasbeenmoregenerallyregardedasacreativeactemployinglanguage.Poetryusesformstosuggestdifferentinterpretationtowords,ortoproduceemotiveresponses.Devicessuchasrhythmareusedtoachievemusicaleffects.Theuseofambiguity(模糊不清),symbolism,andotherstylisticelementsofpoeticdescriptionoftenleavesapoemopentomultipleinterpretations.Similarlyfiguresofspeechsuchasmetaphorandsimilecreatealayeringofmeanings,formingconnectionspreviouslynotperceived.Somepoetrytypesarespecifictoparticularculturesandrespondtocharacteristicsofthelanguageinwhichthepoetwrites.ReadersusedtoidentifyingpoetrywithDante,Goethe,andRumimaythinkofitaswritteninlinesbasedonrhymeandregularmeter;thereare,however,traditionsthatuseothermeanstocreaterhythm.Muchmodernpoetryreflectsacriticismofpoetictradition,playingwithandtestingtheprincipleofrhymeitself,sometimesaltogethergivinguprhymeorsetrhythm.Intoday’sincreasinglyglobalizedworld,poetsoftenadaptforms,stylesandtechniquesfromdiverseculturesandlanguages.32Whatdidearlypoetryoriginatefrom?A.Folksongs. B.Ethnicmusic.C.Ancientstories. D.Historicalevents.33.Whatdoweknowaboutpoetryaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Modernpoetrystudyfocusesontheusesofspeech.B.Poetryusesrhythmtoachievegoodvisualeffects.C.Poetryhasbeentreatedasacreativeactforyears.D.Formmakespoetrydifferentfromotherwritings.34.Whatcanbeinferredaboutmodernpoetry?A.Poetswillstrictlyfollowtheprincipleofrhyme.B.Poetswilladaptmorediverseformsandstyles.C.Poetswillemphasizelocallanguagecharacteristics.D.Poetswilldevelopnewformsoffiguresofspeech.35.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Sciencefiction. B.Newspaper.C.Fashionmagazine. D.Encyclopedia.【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了詩歌的悠久歷史、起源、形式演變及現(xiàn)代詩歌的多樣性與創(chuàng)新?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“EarlypoemsdevelopedfromfolksongssuchastheChineseShijing,orfromaneedtoretelltheactionsofgreatmenandwomenoraboutanation’shistory.(早期的詩歌源于民歌，如中國的《詩經(jīng)》，或者源于復(fù)述偉人和婦女的行為或關(guān)于一個國家歷史的需要)”可知，早期詩歌起源于民歌。故選A?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Fromthemid-20thcentury,poetryhasbeenmoregenerallyregardedasacreativeactemployinglanguage.

(從20世紀中期開始，詩歌被普遍認為是一種運用語言的創(chuàng)造性行為)”可知，20世紀中期以來，詩歌被普遍視為一種運用語言的創(chuàng)造性行為。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Muchmodernpoetryreflectsacriticismofpoetictradition,playingwithandtestingtheprincipleofrhymeitself,sometimesaltogethergivinguprhymeorsetrhythm.Intoday’sincreasinglyglobalizedworld,poetsoftenadaptforms,stylesandtechniquesfromdiverseculturesandlanguages.(許多現(xiàn)代詩歌反映了對詩歌傳統(tǒng)的批評，玩弄和檢驗押韻本身的原則，有時甚至完全放棄押韻或設(shè)定節(jié)奏。在當今日益全球化的世界里，詩人們經(jīng)常從不同的文化和語言中改編形式、風(fēng)格和技巧)”可推知，現(xiàn)代詩歌往往批評傳統(tǒng)詩歌規(guī)則，有時完全放棄韻律或固定節(jié)奏，并且詩人會借鑒不同文化和語言的多種形式、風(fēng)格和技術(shù)。故選B。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“Poetryhasalonghistory,datingbacktotheEpic(史詩)ofGilgamesh,composed4,000yearsagoinwhatisnowIraqandSyria.(詩歌有著悠久的歷史，可以追溯到4000年前在現(xiàn)在的伊拉克和敘利亞創(chuàng)作的《吉爾伽美什史詩》)”可知，文章內(nèi)容涉及詩歌的歷史、特點、發(fā)展以及現(xiàn)代詩歌的趨勢，屬于文學(xué)藝術(shù)類知識。由此推知，本文最有可能出自于百科全書。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Today,mostresearchersdescribesleepasoccurringintwomainphases:rapid-eyemovement(REM)sleepandnon-REMsleep.Non-REMsleepcomprisesthreestages,knownasN1,N2andN3,whicharecharacterizedbyspecificbrainwavepatternsthatreflectneural(神經(jīng)的)activity.____36____,andpeoplewhosleepwelltypicallyexperiencefourtosixcycleseverynight.____37____,theirbrainshowsamixtureofhighfrequenciesinwhichalotofneurons(神經(jīng)元)arefiring,butnotinacompletelyconsistentway.Then,asthepersonstartstogointoalightsleep,ortheNlstage,thosefrequenciesslowdownintoapatterncalledthetawaves.Thisstagetypicallylastsforonetotenminutes.Duringthesecondphaseofsleep,N2,bodytemperaturesdrop,heartratesandbreathingslowdownandmusclesrelax.Brainwavefrequenciesnowkeepchangingbetweenslowerwavesandshortburstsofneuralactivity.___38___,butgetsprogressivelylongerinlatercycles,ultimatelycomprisingabouthalfofaperson'ssleeptimeeachnight.Slow-wavesleepoccursintheN3stage,whichischaracterizedbyslow,highwavescalleddeltawaves.This20-40-minutephasemakesupaboutone-quarterofaperson'ssleeptime.Someevidencesuggeststhatslow-wavesleepplaysacrucialpartinrestoringenergylevels,repairingandgrowingtissues,clearingwasteandboostingtheimmune(免疫)system.____39____.NeuralactivitypicksupwhenthebodyentersREMsleep,whichiswhendreamingoccurs.Inthisphase,whichcomprisesone-quarterofsleeptimeeachnight,thebrainwavesfollowabeta-wavepattern.Asthenightprogresses,theperiodsofslow-wavesleepshortenandREMsleepincreases.____40____,suchasemotionalregulation,memoryandcreativeproblem-solving.A.Whensomeoneisawake.B.Sleepisabrain-widenetworkeffect.C.Whensomeoneentersnon-REMsleep.D.REMsleepisimportantforcognitivefunctions.E.Slow-wavesleepalsoaidslearningandmakesmemorystronger.F.Thisphasegenerallylasts10-25minutesduringthefirstsleepcycle.G.Thesethreestagesofnon-REMsleepplusREMsleepcomprisethesleepcycle.【答案】36.G37.A38.F39.E40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了睡眠周期的過程及特點?！?6題詳解】上文“Today,mostresearchersdescribesleepasoccurringintwomainphases:rapid-eyemovement(REM)sleepandnon-REMsleep.

Non-REMsleepcomprisesthreestages,knownasN1,N2andN3,whicharecharacterizedbyspecificbrainwavepatternsthatreflectneural(神經(jīng)的)activity.(如今，大多數(shù)研究人員將睡眠描述為兩個主要階段：快速眼動(REM)睡眠和非快速眼動睡眠。非快速眼動睡眠包括三個階段，即N1、N2和N3，其特點是具有反映神經(jīng)活動的特定腦電波模式)”指出了睡眠周期的過程，即睡眠描述為兩個主要階段：快速眼動(REM)睡眠和非快速眼動睡眠，非快速眼動睡眠包括三個階段，下文“andpeoplewhosleepwelltypicallyexperiencefourtosixcycleseverynight.(睡眠良好的人通常每晚會經(jīng)歷四到六個周期。)”指出睡眠良好的人每晚都會經(jīng)歷四到六個周期，空處承接上文，繼續(xù)介紹睡眠周期，G項“非快速眼動睡眠加上快速眼動睡眠這三個階段構(gòu)成了睡眠周期。”符合，故選G。【37題詳解】下文“Then,asthepersonstartstogointoalightsleep,ortheNlstage,thosefrequenciesslowdownintoapatterncalledthetawaves.Thisstagetypicallylastsforonetotenminutes.(然后，當人開始進入淺睡眠或Nl階段時，這些頻率會減慢為一種稱為theta波的模式。此階段通常持續(xù)一到十分鐘)”指出人們進入淺睡眠時的特點，由此可知，前面內(nèi)容應(yīng)是介紹在進入淺睡眠之前發(fā)生的情況，空后“

theirbrainshowsamixtureofhighfrequenciesinwhichalotofneurons(神經(jīng)元)arefiring,butnotinacompletelyconsistentway.(他們的大腦顯示出混合高頻，其中許多神經(jīng)元正在發(fā)射，但并不是以完全一致的方式發(fā)射。)”指出了人們醒著時大腦顯示的情況，A項“當某人醒來時?！狈希蔬xA。【38題詳解】上文“Duringthesecondphaseofsleep,N2,bodytemperaturesdrop,heartratesandbreathingslowdownandmusclesrelax.Brainwavefrequenciesnowkeepchangingbetweenslowerwavesandshortburstsofneuralactivity.

(在睡眠的第二階段N2中，體溫下降，心率和呼吸減慢，肌肉放松。腦電波頻率現(xiàn)在在較慢的波和短暫的神經(jīng)活動爆發(fā)之間不斷變化。)”指出了睡眠第二階段的特點，下文“butgetsprogressivelylongerinlatercycles,ultimatelycomprisingabouthalfofaperson’ssleeptimeeachnight.(但在之后的周期中逐漸變長，最終占據(jù)一個人每晚睡眠時間的一半左右。)”中的inlatercycles可知，下文介紹了第二階段在之后的周期中所持續(xù)的時間，由此可知，空處應(yīng)該指出第二階段在第一個睡眠周期中持續(xù)的時間，F(xiàn)項“這個階段通常在第一個睡眠周期中持續(xù)10-25分鐘?！狈希拖挛氖琼槼嘘P(guān)系，故選F?！?9題詳解】上文“Someevidencesuggeststhatslow-wavesleepplaysacrucialpartinrestoringenergylevels,repairingandgrowingtissues,clearingwasteandboostingtheimmune(免疫)system.

(一些證據(jù)表明，慢波睡眠在恢復(fù)能量水平、修復(fù)和生長組織、清除廢物和增強免疫系統(tǒng)方面發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。)”指出慢波睡眠的好處，空處承接上文，繼續(xù)介紹其好處，E項“慢波睡眠也有助于學(xué)習(xí)，增強記憶力。”符合，故選E。【40題詳解】上文“NeuralactivitypicksupwhenthebodyentersREMsleep,whichiswhendreamingoccurs.Inthisphase,whichcomprisesone-quarterofsleeptimeeachnight,thebrainwavesfollowabeta-wavepattern.Asthenightprogresses,theperiodsofslow-wavesleepshortenandREMsleepincreases.

(當身體進入快速眼動睡眠（即做夢時）時，神經(jīng)活動開始活躍。在這個階段，每晚睡眠時間占四分之一，腦電波遵循β波模式。隨著夜晚的推移，慢波睡眠時間縮短，快速眼動睡眠時間增加。)”介紹了快速睡眠階段的特點，下文“suchasemotionalregulation,memoryandcreativeproblem-solving.(例如情緒調(diào)節(jié)、記憶和創(chuàng)造性解決問題。)”舉例說明快速睡眠對于認知功能的重要性，D項“REM睡眠對于認知功能很重要?！狈?，故選D。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。CatherineKrestynfurnishedherhomemainlywithhardrubbish,suchasthechairs,doorsandlamps,whichwerecollectedfromthestreetwhereshelives.Andit’sawayoflifeshe’ssharingwithhercommunityinthehopeofmakinga_____41_____.Catherineleadsa6,000-strongonlinegroupcalledBoroondaraHardRubbishRehome,wheremembers_____42_____picturesoftheirhardrubbishpilesforeagerlocalstofind.Shestartedthegroupin2022withherchildhoodfriendJennieIrving,hopingto____43____acommunityofthrift(節(jié)儉)wheretheylived.The____44____havestoppedmorethan7,000kgofhardrubbish____45____inlandfillsincetheyfoundedthegroup.Someitemsare____46____astheyare,like