桑黃多糖的提取方法分析目錄TOC\o"1-3"\h\u6729桑黃多糖的提取方法分析 1241671.1熱水浸提法 1143301.2酶解法 1296761.3超聲輔助提取法 2304011.4微波輔助提取法 2225771.5多種技術(shù)聯(lián)合使用 31.1熱水浸提法熱水提取法是將水作為溶劑從原料中提取多糖，原料在恒溫水浴中提取，過(guò)濾后得到濾液濾渣，濾渣多次浸提，合并濾液，通過(guò)濃縮、乙醇沉淀和離心干燥得到粗多糖ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>劉帥</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>40</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[19]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>40</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">40</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>劉帥</author><author>莫俊愷</author><author>潘丹陽(yáng)</author><author>劉高強(qiáng)</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)林業(yè)生物技術(shù)湖南省重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)森林資源生物技術(shù)湖南省國(guó)際科技創(chuàng)新合作基地;</auth-address><titles><title>桑黃多糖的藥理作用及提取方法研究進(jìn)展</title><secondary-title>生物技術(shù)通報(bào)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>生物技術(shù)通報(bào)</full-title></periodical><pages>63-67</pages><volume>34</volume><number>12</number><keywords><keyword>桑黃</keyword><keyword>多糖</keyword><keyword>藥理作用</keyword><keyword>多糖提取</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2018</year></dates><isbn>1002-5464</isbn><call-num>11-2396/Q</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"劉帥,2018#40"19]。熱水提取法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是設(shè)備要求不高、操作簡(jiǎn)單易行，但提取的溫度一般較高、時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，容易破壞多糖的結(jié)構(gòu)，多糖的得率較低，通常在1%~3%，且資源耗費(fèi)較大ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>史幀婷</Author><Year>2017</Year><RecNum>92</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[20]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>92</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">92</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>史幀婷</author><author>包海鷹</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)中藥材學(xué)院;</auth-address><titles><title>桑黃多糖提取工藝研究進(jìn)展</title><secondary-title>北方園藝</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>北方園藝</full-title></periodical><pages>191-195</pages><number>01</number><keywords><keyword>多糖</keyword><keyword>提取工藝</keyword><keyword>研究進(jìn)展</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2017</year></dates><isbn>1001-0009</isbn><call-num>23-1247/S</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"史幀婷,2017#92"20]。竇茜茜等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>竇茜茜</Author><Year>2007</Year><RecNum>47</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[21]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>47</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">47</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>竇茜茜</author><author>丁建新</author><author>張東娜</author><author>王洪權(quán)</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>軍事醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院微生物流行病研究所,軍事醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院微生物流行病研究所,軍事醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院微生物流行病研究所,軍事醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院微生物流行病研究所北京100071,北京100071,北京100071,北京100071</auth-address><titles><title>桑黃多糖提取工藝研究</title><secondary-title>解放軍藥學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>解放軍藥學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)</full-title></periodical><pages>423-426</pages><number>06</number><keywords><keyword>桑黃</keyword><keyword>多糖</keyword><keyword>提取</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2007</year></dates><isbn>1008-9926</isbn><call-num>11-4227/R</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"竇茜茜,2007#47"21]采用熱水提取工藝提取桑黃子實(shí)體多糖，得到最優(yōu)提取工藝為：固液比1:15，提取溫度100℃，浸提時(shí)間為8小時(shí)，沉淀最終濃度為80%乙醇，提取3次，多糖得率可達(dá)3.26%。游慶紅等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>游慶紅</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>50</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[22]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>50</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">50</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>游慶紅</author><author>尹秀蓮</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>淮陰工學(xué)院生命科學(xué)與化學(xué)工程學(xué)院;</auth-address><titles><title>響應(yīng)面法優(yōu)化桑黃多糖提取工藝研究</title><secondary-title>中國(guó)釀造</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>中國(guó)釀造</full-title></periodical><pages>67-69</pages><number>05</number><keywords><keyword>單因素試驗(yàn)</keyword><keyword>響應(yīng)面法</keyword><keyword>桑黃</keyword><keyword>多糖</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2010</year></dates><isbn>0254-5071</isbn><call-num>11-1818/TS</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"游慶紅,2010#50"22]采用響應(yīng)面法確定桑黃多糖熱水提取的最佳條件是：液料比20.8（mL/g），浸提溫度99℃，提取時(shí)間7.05小時(shí)，得率為1.133%。嚴(yán)紅實(shí)等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>嚴(yán)紅實(shí)</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>45</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[23]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>45</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">45</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>嚴(yán)紅實(shí)</author><author>金乾坤</author><author>李鵬飛</author><author>于婷</author><author>韓春姬</author><author>崔承弼</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>延邊大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院;延邊大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院;延邊大學(xué)食品研究中心;</auth-address><titles><title>桑黃多糖的提取及抗氧化性研究</title><secondary-title>食品科技</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>食品科技</full-title></periodical><pages>201-205</pages><volume>38</volume><number>06</number><keywords><keyword>桑黃</keyword><keyword>多糖</keyword><keyword>提取</keyword><keyword>抗氧化</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year></dates><isbn>1005-9989</isbn><call-num>11-3511/TS</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"嚴(yán)紅實(shí),2013#45"23]選用熱水法提取桑黃多糖，得到最優(yōu)的提取工藝為：料液比為1:18（g/mL）、浸提溫度90℃、浸提時(shí)間8小時(shí)，平均多糖得率2.12%。1.2酶解法酶解法可分為單一酶水解提取和復(fù)合酶水解提取，其原理是通過(guò)酶水解反應(yīng)破壞細(xì)胞，并誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞釋放多糖。酶解法具有提取率高、提取時(shí)間短、條件溫和、去除雜質(zhì)簡(jiǎn)單、無(wú)污染、負(fù)性化學(xué)反應(yīng)少等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但易受到酶解時(shí)間和價(jià)格的影響ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>劉帥</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>21</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[19]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>21</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">21</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>劉帥</author><author>莫俊愷</author><author>潘丹陽(yáng)</author><author>劉高強(qiáng)</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)林業(yè)生物技術(shù)湖南省重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)森林資源生物技術(shù)湖南省國(guó)際科技創(chuàng)新合作基地;</auth-address><titles><title>桑黃多糖的藥理作用及提取方法研究進(jìn)展</title><secondary-title>生物技術(shù)通報(bào)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>生物技術(shù)通報(bào)</full-title></periodical><pages>63-67</pages><volume>34</volume><number>12</number><keywords><keyword>桑黃</keyword><keyword>多糖</keyword><keyword>藥理作用</keyword><keyword>多糖提取</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2018</year></dates><isbn>1002-5464</isbn><call-num>11-2396/Q</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"劉帥,2018#40"19]。劉安軍等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>劉安軍</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>46</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[24]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>46</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">46</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>劉安軍</author><author>陳偉偉</author><author>王穩(wěn)航</author><author>黃莎</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>天津科技大學(xué)食品工程與生物技術(shù)學(xué)院,天津科技大學(xué)食品工程與生物技術(shù)學(xué)院,天津科技大學(xué)食品工程與生物技術(shù)學(xué)院,天津科技大學(xué)食品工程與生物技術(shù)學(xué)院天津300457,天津300457,天津300457,天津300457</auth-address><titles><title>桑黃(Phellinuslinteus)水溶多糖提取技術(shù)研究</title><secondary-title>食品研究與開發(fā)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>食品研究與開發(fā)</full-title></periodical><pages>32-35</pages><number>10</number><keywords><keyword>桑黃(Phellinuslinteus)</keyword><keyword>多糖</keyword><keyword>超聲波</keyword><keyword>酶法</keyword><keyword>提取</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2006</year></dates><isbn>1005-6521</isbn><call-num>12-1231/TS</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"劉安軍,2006#46"24]以桑黃子實(shí)體為原料，采用復(fù)合酶水解法提取桑黃多糖，確定了最佳工藝條件為：纖維素酶添加量0.8%、作用時(shí)間60min，蛋白酶添加量2%、作用時(shí)間120min。史玉寶等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>史玉寶</Author><Year>2019</Year><RecNum>20</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[25]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>20</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">20</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>史玉寶</author><author>白衛(wèi)東</author><author>趙文紅</author><author>錢敏</author><author>白永亮</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>廣西藥用植物園;仲愷農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)院;</auth-address><titles><title>酶解輔助提取桑黃粗多糖的工藝優(yōu)化</title><secondary-title>農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工</full-title></periodical><pages>29-32+35</pages><number>18</number><keywords><keyword>桑黃</keyword><keyword>多糖</keyword><keyword>木瓜蛋白酶</keyword><keyword>酶解</keyword><keyword>提取溫度</keyword><keyword>提取時(shí)間</keyword><keyword>提取率</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2019</year></dates><isbn>1671-9646</isbn><call-num>14-1310/S</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"史玉寶,2019#20"25]以桑黃子實(shí)體為原料，采用木瓜蛋白酶水解提取多糖，最佳提取條件如下：酶解溫度50℃，木瓜蛋白酶用量0.3%，酶解時(shí)間40min，固液比1:40，此條件下桑黃多糖的提取率為1.52%。結(jié)果表明，溫度、時(shí)間和料液比對(duì)提取率均有顯著影響。1.3超聲輔助提取法超聲提取的原理是將超聲提取與傳統(tǒng)提取相結(jié)合，利用超聲的空化作用、加速質(zhì)點(diǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)和振動(dòng)均化效應(yīng)，使多糖等活性成分充分浸出ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>李雨虹</Author><Year>2016</Year><RecNum>57</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[26]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>57</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">57</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>李雨虹</author><author>董文賓</author><author>付瑜</author><author>樊成</author><author>歐陽(yáng)凡</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>陜西科技大學(xué)食品與生物工程學(xué)院;陜西省產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢驗(yàn)研究院;</auth-address><titles><title>藥食兩用植物多糖的研究進(jìn)展</title><secondary-title>食品研究與開發(fā)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>食品研究與開發(fā)</full-title></periodical><pages>219-221</pages><volume>37</volume><number>09</number><keywords><keyword>多糖</keyword><keyword>提取方法</keyword><keyword>生物活性</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2016</year></dates><isbn>1005-6521</isbn><call-num>12-1231/TS</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"李雨虹,2016#57"26]。超聲波提取法會(huì)產(chǎn)生高壓，使植物細(xì)胞壁和整個(gè)生物體在短時(shí)間內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)破裂，極大地減少了破碎時(shí)間，提取效率得以顯著提高ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>董汝晶</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>58</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[27]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>58</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">58</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>董汝晶</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>貴州工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院;</auth-address><titles><title>多糖提取方法的研究進(jìn)展</title><secondary-title>農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工(學(xué)刊)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工(學(xué)刊)</full-title></periodical><pages>46-48+51</pages><number>08</number><keywords><keyword>多糖</keyword><keyword>提取方法</keyword><keyword>研究進(jìn)展</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2014</year></dates><isbn>1671-9646</isbn><call-num>14-1310/S</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"董汝晶,2014#58"27]。超聲波提取不止能縮短提取時(shí)間，還能降低作業(yè)溫度，從而避免因溫度高而提取的有效物質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)被破壞的問題。謝麗源等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>謝麗源</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>49</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[28]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>49</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">49</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>謝麗源</author><author>王富偉</author><author>李洪軍</author><author>甘炳成</author><author>彭衛(wèi)紅</author><author>譚偉</author><author>黃忠乾</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>西南大學(xué)食品科學(xué)學(xué)院;四川農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院土壤肥料研究所;四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源環(huán)境學(xué)院;</auth-address><titles><title>超聲波復(fù)合酶法提取桑黃多糖研究</title><secondary-title>食品科學(xué)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>食品科學(xué)</full-title></periodical><pages>81-85</pages><volume>31</volume><number>10</number><keywords><keyword>桑黃</keyword><keyword>多糖</keyword><keyword>超聲波</keyword><keyword>復(fù)合酶</keyword><keyword>正交試驗(yàn)</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2010</year></dates><isbn>1002-6630</isbn><call-num>11-2206/TS</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"謝麗源,2010#49"28]以桑黃菌絲體多糖產(chǎn)量為指標(biāo)，得到超聲處理時(shí)間21min、固液比1:25、超聲功率315W的最佳提取條件，多糖得率3.441%。李志濤ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>李志濤</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>33</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[29]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>33</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">33</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>李志濤</author><author>梁魁景</author><author>張志強(qiáng)</author><author>王巖</author><author>王茜</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>衡水學(xué)院生命科學(xué)系;</auth-address><titles><title>超聲波輔助提取桑黃菌絲體多糖工藝研究</title><secondary-title>農(nóng)業(yè)科技與裝備</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>農(nóng)業(yè)科技與裝備</full-title></periodical><pages>42-43</pages><number>02</number><keywords><keyword>桑黃菌絲體</keyword><keyword>多糖</keyword><keyword>提取工藝</keyword><keyword>超聲波</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2018</year></dates><isbn>1674-1161</isbn><call-num>21-1559/S</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"李志濤,2018#33"29]等通過(guò)正交試驗(yàn)考察得出超聲波輔助提取桑黃菌絲體多糖的最佳工藝參數(shù)如下：超聲溫度65℃，超聲時(shí)間15min，超聲功率350W，多糖得率為4.61%。1.4微波輔助提取法微波輔助提取的原理是微波與傳統(tǒng)提取相結(jié)合，利用微波的熱效應(yīng)提取多糖等物質(zhì)，是從植物和其他組織中提取化學(xué)成分的一種新的提取技術(shù)ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>景永帥</Author><Year>2020</Year><RecNum>56</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[30]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>56</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">56</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>景永帥</author><author>孫麗叢</author><author>程文境</author><author>劉東波</author><author>李蘭</author><author>張丹參</author><author>吳蘭芳</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>河北科技大學(xué)化學(xué)與制藥工程學(xué)院;河北中醫(yī)學(xué)院藥學(xué)院;</auth-address><titles><title>微波輔助法提取多糖的研究進(jìn)展</title><secondary-title>食品與機(jī)械</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>食品與機(jī)械</full-title></periodical><pages>228-232</pages><volume>36</volume><number>10</number><keywords><keyword>多糖</keyword><keyword>提取</keyword><keyword>微波輔助法</keyword><keyword>原理</keyword><keyword>聯(lián)合使用</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2020</year></dates><isbn>1003-5788</isbn><call-num>43-1183/TS</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"景永帥,2020#56"30]。微波輔助提取法縮短了提取時(shí)間、提高了提取效率、同時(shí)還具有節(jié)能、操作簡(jiǎn)便等優(yōu)勢(shì)，但不適合大規(guī)模提取ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>劉帥</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>21</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[19]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>21</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">21</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>劉帥</author><author>莫俊愷</author><author>潘丹陽(yáng)</author><author>劉高強(qiáng)</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)林業(yè)生物技術(shù)湖南省重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)森林資源生物技術(shù)湖南省國(guó)際科技創(chuàng)新合作基地;</auth-address><titles><title>桑黃多糖的藥理作用及提取方法研究進(jìn)展</title><secondary-title>生物技術(shù)通報(bào)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>生物技術(shù)通報(bào)</full-title></periodical><pages>63-67</pages><volume>34</volume><number>12</number><keywords><keyword>桑黃</keyword><keyword>多糖</keyword><keyword>藥理作用</keyword><keyword>多糖提取</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2018</year></dates><isbn>1002-5464</isbn><call-num>11-2396/Q</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"劉帥,2018#40"19]。郭樹凡等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>郭樹凡</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>48</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[31]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>48</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">48</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>郭樹凡</author><author>蔡天革</author><author>李輝</author><author>李昱</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>遼寧大學(xué)生命科學(xué)院,遼寧大學(xué)生命科學(xué)院,遼寧大學(xué)生命科學(xué)院,遼寧大學(xué)生命科學(xué)院遼寧沈陽(yáng)110036,遼寧沈陽(yáng)110036,遼寧沈陽(yáng)110036,遼寧沈陽(yáng)110036</auth-address><titles><title>微波輔助提取桑黃多糖的工藝研究</title><secondary-title>特產(chǎn)研究</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>特產(chǎn)研究</full-title></periodical><pages>22-25</pages><number>01</number><keywords><keyword>微波輔助提取</keyword><keyword>子實(shí)體多糖</keyword><keyword>桑黃</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2008</year></dates><isbn>1001-4721</isbn><call-num>22-1154/S</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"郭樹凡,2008#48"31]采用微波輔助法提取桑黃子實(shí)體多糖，確定最優(yōu)提取工藝為：固液比1:30，微波功率480W，提取時(shí)間8min，多糖得率為3.29%。時(shí)東方等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>時(shí)東方</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>54</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[32]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>54</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">54</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>時(shí)東方</author><author>周勇</author><author>李雪</author><author>陳麗</author><author>王琦</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>長(zhǎng)春師范學(xué)院中心實(shí)驗(yàn)室;吉林省修正藥業(yè)集團(tuán);吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)中藥材學(xué)院;</auth-address><titles><title>桑黃菌絲體粗多糖的提取方法研究</title><secondary-title>菌物研究</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>菌物研究</full-title></periodical><pages>226-230+233</pages><volume>6</volume><number>04</number><keywords><keyword>桑黃</keyword><keyword>粗多糖</keyword><keyword>提取方法</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2008</year></dates><isbn>1672-3538</isbn><call-num>22-1352/S</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"時(shí)東方,2008#54"32]確定了熱水提取、微波輔助提取和超聲波提取桑黃菌絲體多糖的最優(yōu)工藝參數(shù)，在最優(yōu)工藝參數(shù)下，三種方法的多糖提取率分別是2.10%、4.18%和3.02%。結(jié)果表明，微波輔助提取多糖的提取率幾乎是熱水提取的1倍，而提取時(shí)間大大縮短；與超聲波提取相比提取時(shí)間縮短了一半，但提取率增加了40%。秦俊哲等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>秦俊哲</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>51</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[33]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>51</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">51</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>秦俊哲</author><author>任金玫</author><author>殷紅</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>陜西科技大學(xué)生命科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院;</auth-address><titles><title>響應(yīng)面法優(yōu)化微波輔助提取桑黃子實(shí)體多糖的工藝研究</title><secondary-title>陜西科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>陜西科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版)</full-title></periodical><pages>89-92+96</pages><volume>32</volume><number>04</number><keywords><keyword>桑黃</keyword><keyword>多糖</keyword><keyword>微波輔助提取</keyword><keyword>響應(yīng)面法</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2014</year></dates><isbn>1000-5811</isbn><call-num>61-1080/TS</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"秦俊哲,2014#51"33]通過(guò)微波輔助提取法提取桑黃子實(shí)體多糖，采用響應(yīng)面法確定最優(yōu)提取條件如下：微波功率540W，微波處理時(shí)間5.1min，提取2次，在此工藝條件下桑黃多糖得率為4.18%。1.5多種技術(shù)聯(lián)合使用多種技術(shù)聯(lián)合即采用兩種及以上的方法一同提取多糖。多種技術(shù)結(jié)合使用能彌補(bǔ)單一提取技術(shù)存在的缺點(diǎn)，發(fā)揮各自的長(zhǎng)處，實(shí)現(xiàn)效益最大化ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>董汝晶</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>58</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[27]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>58</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">58</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>董汝晶</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>貴州工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院;</auth-address><titles><title>多糖提取方法的研究進(jìn)展</title><secondary-title>農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工(學(xué)刊)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工(學(xué)刊)</full-title></periodical><pages>46-48+51</pages><number>08</number><keywords><keyword>多糖</keyword><keyword>提取方法</keyword><keyword>研究進(jìn)展</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2014</year></dates><isbn>1671-9646</isbn><call-num>14-1310/S</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"董汝晶,2014#58"27]。1.5.1超聲波協(xié)同酶法超聲波協(xié)同酶法結(jié)合酶法和超聲輔助提取多糖。超聲波協(xié)同酶法又可以分為超聲預(yù)處理后酶解提取、酶解后超聲提取、超聲提取和酶解同時(shí)進(jìn)行三種形式。該方法的提取效率高于單一的超聲輔助提取，提取時(shí)間短于單一的酶水解法。程偉等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>程偉</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>2</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[34]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">2</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>程偉</author><author>秦俊哲</author><author>杜軍國(guó)</author><author>張春華</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>陜西科技大學(xué)生命科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院;</auth-address><titles><title>桑黃多糖超聲波協(xié)同纖維素酶法提取的工藝優(yōu)化</title><secondary-title>現(xiàn)代食品科技</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>現(xiàn)代食品科技</full-title></periodical><pages>662-666</pages><volume>28</volume><number>06</number><keywords><keyword>桑黃</keyword><keyword>多糖</keyword><keyword>纖維素酶</keyword><keyword>超聲波</keyword><keyword>紅外光譜</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2012</year></dates><isbn>1673-9078</isbn><call-num>44-1620/TS</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"程偉,2012#2"34]采用超聲波輔助纖維素酶法提取桑黃子實(shí)體多糖，確定最優(yōu)提取工藝如下：纖維素酶添加量1%，酶解pH為5.1，超聲功率240W，超聲溫度54℃，超聲時(shí)間39min，多糖得率5.30%。程俊文等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>程俊文</Author><Year>2017</Year><RecNum>22</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[35]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>22</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">22</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>程俊文</author><author>賀亮</author><author>魏海龍</author><author>宋吉玲</author><author>胡傳久</author><author>鄒景泉</author><author>李海波</author><author>蔣云鶴</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>浙江省林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院浙江省森林資源生物與化學(xué)利用重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;杭州市農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)研究院;</auth-address><titles><title>超聲波協(xié)同復(fù)合酶法提取桑黃多糖工藝優(yōu)化</title><secondary-title>浙江林業(yè)科技</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>浙江林業(yè)科技</full-title></periodical><pages>33-38</pages><volume>37</volume><number>04</number><keywords><keyword>桑黃</keyword><keyword>多糖</keyword><keyword>超聲波</keyword><keyword>復(fù)合酶</keyword><keyword>響應(yīng)面</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2017</year></dates><isbn>1001-3776</isbn><call-num>33-1112/S</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[\o"程俊文,2017#22"35]以桑黃子實(shí)體為原料，采用先酶解后超聲的方法提取桑黃子實(shí)體多糖，確定最優(yōu)提取工藝為：復(fù)合酶含量2%，纖維素酶、果膠酶和蛋白酶的組成為2:1:1，酶解pH6.5，酶解溫度50℃，酶解時(shí)間1h，再進(jìn)行超聲，液固比32.5:1，超聲功率360.6W，超聲時(shí)間32.7min，多糖得率為3.31%。1.5.2超聲波微波聯(lián)合法超聲波微波聯(lián)合法是將超聲提取和微波提取結(jié)合起來(lái)提取多糖的一種方法。該法提取時(shí)間短、高效節(jié)能、多糖得率高，但不適用于大批量提取多糖。李志濤等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>李志濤</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>53</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[36]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>53</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fatfpfaazff0tzedsz7xrpt4aeavazddatst">53</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>李志濤</author><author>朱會(huì)霞</author><author>孫金旭</author><author>朱冰清</author><author>侯曉杰</author><author>高小寬</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>衡水學(xué)院;</auth-address><titles><title>桑黃菌絲體多糖的提取及其免疫活性研究</title><secondary-title>食品研究與開發(fā)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>食品研究與開發(fā)</full-title></periodical><pages>35-39</pages><volume>39</volume><number>20</number><keywords><keyword>超聲波-微波</keyword><keyword>提取</keyword><keyword>桑黃菌絲體多糖</keyword><keyword>免疫活性</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2018</year></d