10/11專題18虛擬語氣目錄01知識(shí)腦圖·學(xué)科框架速建02考點(diǎn)精析·知識(shí)能力全解【知能解讀01】目錄01知識(shí)腦圖·學(xué)科框架速建02考點(diǎn)精析·知識(shí)能力全解【知能解讀01】一二三四類動(dòng)詞接賓語從句【知能解讀02】一二三四類名詞接從句【知能解讀03】Itisstrange/apitythat..從句03攻堅(jiān)指南·高頻考點(diǎn)突破【重難點(diǎn)突破01】if虛擬條件句用法【重難點(diǎn)突破02】if錯(cuò)綜條件句用法【重難點(diǎn)突破03】If虛擬句省略用法【重難點(diǎn)突破04】含蓄條件句用法04避坑錦囊·易混易錯(cuò)診療【易混易錯(cuò)01】Iwishthat….句型【易混易錯(cuò)02】Ifonly….句型【易混易錯(cuò)03】Iwouldratherthat….句型【易混易錯(cuò)04】Itishightimethat…句型【易混易錯(cuò)05】Itlooksasif….句型05通法提煉·高頻思維拆解【用法拓展】虛擬語氣特殊注意點(diǎn)01一二三四類動(dòng)詞接賓語從句1.一二三四類動(dòng)詞接從句謂語用should+動(dòng)詞原形，且should可以省略。一堅(jiān)持insist，二命令order,command，三建議advise,suggest,recommend，四要求demand,desire,require,request。還有desire,advocate,ask等動(dòng)詞也有類似用法。Theofficerorderedthatthesoldiers

(should)cross

theriverimmediately.軍官命令士兵們立即過河。Theworkersdemandedthattheirwages

(should)beincreased.工人們要求漲工資。Theyaskedthatthemeeting

(should)bepostponed.他們要求會(huì)議延期。2.insist表示“堅(jiān)決要求”時(shí)，其后賓語從句用虛擬語氣；表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí)，其后賓語從句用陳述語氣。Themanagerinsistedthatthemeeting(should)beheldimmediately.經(jīng)理堅(jiān)持要求立即召開會(huì)議。Heinsistedthathewasinnocent,thoughnoonebelievedhim.他堅(jiān)稱自己是無辜的，盡管無人相信。3.suggest表示“建議”時(shí)，其后賓語從句通常用虛擬語氣；表示“暗示”“表明”等時(shí)，其后賓語從句用陳述語氣。Thedoctorsuggestedthathe(should)takearest.醫(yī)生建議他休息一下。Whathesaidsuggestedthathewasnotsuitedforthejob.他說的話暗示他不適合這份工作。4.Itis/was+一二三四類動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+that…從句謂語用should+動(dòng)詞原形，且should可以省略。Itwassuggestedthatanewhospital

(should)bebuilt

inthetown.當(dāng)時(shí)有人建議在鎮(zhèn)上建一所新醫(yī)院。Itwasrequiredthatallapplications

(should)besubmitted

byFriday.當(dāng)時(shí)要求所有申請(qǐng)需在周五前提交。02一二三四類名詞接從句一二三四類動(dòng)詞派生來的名詞后接從句，該從句謂語動(dòng)詞用should+動(dòng)詞原形，且should可以省略。這些名詞有：order命令,command命令,advice建議,suggestion建議,requirement要求，request請(qǐng)求，demand要求,desire要求。Hiscommandwasthatthework

(should)befinished

byFriday.（表語從句）他的命令是這項(xiàng)工作必須在周五前完成。Thecompanyhasarequirementthatallemployees

(should)attend

thetraining.（同位語從句）公司有一項(xiàng)要求，所有員工必須參加培訓(xùn)。03Itisstrange/apitythat..從句1.Itisstrange(necessary,strange…)that..從句謂語用should+動(dòng)詞原形，且should可以省略。Itwassurprisingthatshe

(should)leave

withoutsayinggoodbye.令人驚訝的是，她竟然沒道別就走了。Itisessentialthatthedata

(should)bechecked

twice.這些數(shù)據(jù)必須檢查兩遍，這很關(guān)鍵。2.Itisstrange(necessary,strange…)that..若從句涉及已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，則應(yīng)用shouldhavedone。Itisnecessarythatwe

shouldhavefinished

thetaskbeforelastFriday.我們本有必要在上周五前完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)的。Itisashamethatshe

shouldhavegivenup

theopportunitytostudyabroad.她竟然放棄了出國留學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì)，真是太可惜了。【跟蹤訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.It’ssuggestedinthereportthatgovernmentexpense(reduce)toincreaseteachers’salaries.2.Itwasproposedthatthehouse(preserve)asithadbeenwhenthegreatwriterlivedinit.3.Manypeopleintheneighbourhoodrecommendedthattheoldbusstation(replace)withamodernone.4.Theeditorinsistedthatatleast300words(cut)outofmyarticlebeforeitcouldbepublished.5.Theeducationexpertssuggestedmoreattention(pay)toprotectingthestudents’eyes.6.AlthoughTominsistedthathe(hand)inhishomeworkyesterday,MrWangstillinsistedhe________(do)itagain.7.It’sapitythatherhusband(attempt)todealwiththisprobleminsuchastupidway.8.Theteacher’srequirementisthateverystudent(involve)intheplanortheywon’tpassthefinalexam.9.Mysuggestionisthatmorepeoplefromallwalksoflife(encourage)tofinancetheprojectwiththeirdeeperloveforthesechildren.10.Theheadteachermadearequestthatameeting(schedule)toarrangefortheupcominganniversaryoftheschool’sfoundingday.01if虛擬條件句用法場(chǎng)合從句謂語主句謂語與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反動(dòng)詞過去式(be用were)would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形與過去事實(shí)相反had+動(dòng)詞過去分詞would/could/mighthavedone與將來事實(shí)相反1.動(dòng)詞過去式(be用were)2.wereto+動(dòng)詞原形3.should+動(dòng)詞原形would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形Ifitweresunnytoday,wewouldgotothepark.如果今天晴天，我們就去公園了。Ifshehadseenyouyesterday,shewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你問起這件事。Ifitrained/weretorain/shouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.如果明天下雨我們就不去爬山了。02if錯(cuò)綜條件句用法if錯(cuò)綜條件句和主句與不同時(shí)間相反，則根據(jù)主從句位置和事實(shí)區(qū)別對(duì)待對(duì)號(hào)入座。Ifhe

hadstudied

hardincollege,he

wouldhave

abetterjobnow.（主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反）如果他大學(xué)時(shí)努力學(xué)習(xí)，現(xiàn)在就會(huì)有一份更好的工作了。Ifwehadbookedtheticketsinadvance,wewouldleaveforthetripnextMonday.（主句與將來事實(shí)相反）如果我們提前訂了票，下周一就能去旅行了。03If虛擬句省略用法if條件句若省略if，則把were/should/had提前到句首構(gòu)成部分倒裝句。原句：IfIwereinyourposition,Iwouldaccepttheoffer.倒裝句：WereIinyourposition,Iwouldaccepttheoffer.翻譯：如果我處于你的位置，我會(huì)接受這個(gè)提議。原句：Ifyoushouldneedanyhelp,pleasecallme.倒裝句：Shouldyouneedanyhelp,pleasecallme.翻譯：萬一你需要幫助，盡管打電話給我。原句：Ifwehadknownthetruthearlier,wecouldhavepreventedtheaccident.倒裝句：Hadweknownthetruthearlier,wecouldhavepreventedtheaccident.翻譯：如果我們?cè)缰勒嫦?，就能阻止這場(chǎng)事故了。04含蓄條件句用法有些句子沒有明確的if條件句，但通過介詞without、短語butfor或副詞otherwise暗示了虛擬的條件，這類句子被稱為“含蓄條件句”。其中，without,butfor,otherwise等詞相當(dāng)于隱含的“ifnot”，其后的主句需根據(jù)所虛擬的時(shí)間使用對(duì)應(yīng)的虛擬語氣形式。Withoutelectricity,modernlifewouldbeimpossible.沒有電，現(xiàn)代生活就不可能存在。Theproject

wouldhavefailed

butfortheirefforts.

要不是他們的努力，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目早就失敗了。Iforgottosetthealarm,otherwiseI

wouldn’thaveoverslept.

我忘了設(shè)鬧鐘，否則就不會(huì)睡過頭了?！靖櫽?xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,Iwouldnot(win)thefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.2.Withoutthedoctor’stimelyoperation,thelittlegirl__________(will,lose)herlife.3.IfI(see)himtomorrow,Iwouldinvitehimhome.4.hetoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebyFriday.5.therenomoderntelecommunications,wewouldhavetowaitforweekstogetnewsfromaroundtheworld.6.Ifthey(warn)ofthedangeroftravellingonthelonelyislandaheadoftime,theywouldnotbetrappedtherenow.7.Weweredelayedattheairport;otherwisewe(be)herebylunchtime.8.IfI(have)achancetolivemylifeagain,IwouldgotouniversitybecauseIhadadreamtobecomeanengineerwhenIwasyoung.9.Ifhe(come)hereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenhisoldfriend.10.Theprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit(break)downwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.01Iwishthat….句型Iwishthat…從句與過去、現(xiàn)在、將來事實(shí)相反，分別用haddone,did,would/coulddo。Hewisheshehadn’tsaidthosewords.他真希望自己沒說過那些話。Shewishesherboss

couldgive

herapromotionnextmonth.

她希望老板下個(gè)月能給她升職。02Ifonly….句型ifonly表示“如果……該多好”，與過去、現(xiàn)在、將來事實(shí)相反，分別用haddone,did,would/coulddo。Ifonlythetraffic

weren’t

soheavy.

要是交通不這么擁堵就好了。Ifonlywe

hadknown

thetruthearlier.

要是我們?cè)琰c(diǎn)知道真相該多好。03Iwouldratherthat….句型Iwouldratherthat…從句與過去事實(shí)相反用過去完成時(shí)，與現(xiàn)在、將來相反用一般過去時(shí)。She’dratherthatshe

hadchosen

adifferentmajor.

她寧愿自己當(dāng)初選了別的專業(yè)。I’dratherthatI

hadn’tsaid

anything.

我寧愿自己當(dāng)初什么都沒說。易錯(cuò)提醒：與將來事實(shí)相反，從句仍然用一般過去時(shí)。04Itishightimethat…句型Itishigh/abouttimethat..后面常用did或shoulddo,should不能省，意為“早該……”。Itishightimethatthegovernment

took

actiontoprotecttheenvironment.

政府早該采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)環(huán)境了。Itishightimethathe

shouldapologize

forhisrudebehavior.

他早該為自己的粗魯行為道歉了。易錯(cuò)提醒：該句型中should不能省略。05Itlooksasif….句型“Itlooksasif...”句型意為“看起來好像……”，用于根據(jù)表象或觀察對(duì)某事做出推測(cè)或判斷,與過去、現(xiàn)在相反，分別用haddone,did。Itlooksasifthehousewereabandoned,butsomeoneliveshere.這房子看起來好像被遺棄了，但其實(shí)有人住。Thegroundisdry,butitlooksasifithadrainedlastnight.地面是干的，但看起來好像昨晚下過雨。易錯(cuò)提醒：如果事實(shí)清楚，說話人有把握，從句也可以用陳述語氣。Itlooksasifthechildrenarehavingagoodtimeinthepark.看起來孩子們?cè)诠珗@里玩得很開心?！靖櫽?xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。2.IwishI(learn)moreaboutNeuschwansteinCastlebefore!Thedetailsonthebuildingstherearesounusual.3.IwishI(attend)herweddinglastTuesday,butIwasonbusinessinMoscowthen.4.Myhusbandisalwaystalkingabouttheeconomy,butI’dratherhe(focus)moreonourchildren’seducation.5.—Yourauntinvitesyoutogotothemoviestoday.—Iwouldrathershe(tell)metomorrowthantoday.6.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit(break).7.Therefore,itishightimethatwe(take)effectivemeasurestoimprovethecurrentsituation.8.Lookatthetroublewearein.Ifonlywe(take)ourteacher'sadvice.9.—IwenttoseeTheWanderingEarthlastnight.Itwasfantastic!—Youweresolucky!HowIwishI（get）thetickettoo.10.HehasleftforBeijing.HowIwishI(see)himoffatthestation,butIwastoobusy.虛擬語氣特殊注意點(diǎn)1.注意區(qū)分真實(shí)條件句和虛擬條件句。例1:Ifit____________(ran)tomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.例2:Ifit____________(ran)tomorrow,wewouldcancelthepicnic.2.注意區(qū)分是虛擬語氣還是陳述語氣。例3:Iwouldhavehelpedyoulastweek,butI____________(be)toobusy.例4:Iwouldhaveboughttheticketyesterday,butI______________(forget)mywallet.3.注意區(qū)分是錯(cuò)綜條件句還是一般虛擬條件句。例5:Ifhe

hadstudied

harder,he

_______________(pass)

theexam.

例6:Ifyou

hadtaken

myadvice,you

________________(not,be)introuble

now.

【跟蹤訓(xùn)練】下列各題均有一個(gè)最佳答案。1．—Itrainedcatsanddogsthismorning.I’mgladwetookanumbrella.—Yeah,wewouldhavegotwetalloverifwe________.A．didn’t B．hadn’tC．haven’t D．don’t2．IfI_____itwithmyowneyes,Iwouldn’thavebelievedit.A．didn’tsee B．weren’tseeingC．wouldn’tsee D．hadn’tseen3．【2018·北京】Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey_________afewmorekilometers.A．drove B．woulddriveC．weretodrive D．haddriven4．【2018·天津】Ifwe___________theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeachA．hadcaught B．caughtC．havecaught D．wouldcatch5．Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisethey________thetaskinhalfthetime.A．a(chǎn)ccomplished B．hadaccomplishedC．wouldaccomplish D．wouldhaveaccomplished6．（2016·江蘇卷·單項(xiàng)填空）Ifit_________forhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow.A．hadnotbeen B．shouldnotbeC．werenottobe D．shouldnothavebeen7．IfhehadspentmoretimepracticingspeakingEnglishbefore,he________abletospeakitmuchbetternow.A．willbe B．wouldbe C．hasbeen D．wouldhavebeen8．Thisprinterisofgoodquality．Ifit_______breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense．A．would B．should C．could D．might9．Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe________there,shewouldn’tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.A．lives B．wouldliveC．haslived D．weretolive10．（2017?天津）—DoyouhaveBetty’sphonenumber?—Yes.Otherwise,I______abletoreachheryesterday.A．hadn’tbeen B．wouldn’thavebeenC．weren’t D．wouldn’tbe虛擬語氣虛擬語氣綜合能力提升一、單項(xiàng)填空在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.(2020江蘇)IfIhadn’tbeenfacedwithsomanybarriers,I__________(notbe)whereIam.2.(2019天津)Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisethey____________(accomplish)thetaskinhalfthetime.3.(2019江蘇)Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe_____________(have)agoodtimetogether.4.(2018天津)Ifwe___________(catch)theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeach.5.(2018江蘇)It’sstrangethathe_______havetakenthebookswithouttheowner’spermission.6.(2018江蘇)Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage,andIwishI_______(have)asecondchancetobecomemoreinvolved.7.(2018北京)Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelif