Unit3Futureingenes

詞匯一.WordFormation1.physicianphysic(自然科學(xué)、醫(yī)學(xué))+-ian(……專家)→醫(yī)師；內(nèi)科醫(yī)生詞塊：aresidentphysician2.dentist來自法語，dent(牙齒)+-ist(從事……的人)→牙科醫(yī)生(tooth來自古英語)3.specializespecial+-ize(使)；詞塊：specialize

in詞族：special,specialist,specialize,specially4identifyity(身份)+-ify(tomake使……)→使身份被識別→認出；識別；詞族：identity,identify,identification5abnormalab-(not不)+normal(正常的)→不正常的、反常的一.WordFormation6.lifespan合成詞：life(生命)+span(持續(xù)時間)7.affectaf-(to去)+fect(make做)→對……起作用→影響

(基本義)熟詞生義：使感動；使感染8.contractcon-(together一起)+tract(todraw拉)→把……拉在一起(基本義)9.fundamentalfunda(bottom底部)+-ment(名詞后綴)+-al(形容詞后綴)→在底部的→基礎(chǔ)的；根本的；一.WordFormation10.pace近義詞：step,speed；名詞動詞化：踱步詞塊：atafast/rapidpace,atone’sownpace,paceoflife,keeppacewith11.arisea-(向上)+rise(升起)→升起(基本義)詞塊：arisefrom/outof12.prohibitpro-(forth向前)+hibit(hold持、握)→預(yù)先把持住→禁止；prohibit是正式用語；詞塊：prohibitsbfromdoingsth13.resistancere-(against反對)+sist(站立)+-ance(名詞后綴)→站在反方向上→抵制；抵抗二.Wordtransformation1.chemistn.藥劑師,藥商;化學(xué)家→______________

n.化學(xué)→______________

adj.與化學(xué)有關(guān)的;化學(xué)的

2.specializevi.專門研究,專攻→___________

adj.專業(yè)的,專門的→__________

adj.特別的;特殊的n.特別的東西;特價

3.affectvt.影響;使感染;深深打動→____________

adj.感人的→__________

adj.受到影響的→__________

n.友愛,影響,疾病4.relatevi.&vt.聯(lián)系;敘述→_________

adj.有關(guān)聯(lián)的,敘述的→__________

n.相關(guān)物→______________

n.關(guān)系;敘述

chemistrychemicalspecializedspecialaffectingaffectedaffectionrelatedrelativerelationPractice

1.

A_______(chemist)needstohaveagoodknowledgeof________(chemistry)andusevarious__________(chemical)materials.2.

She__________(specialize)inthis_________(specialize)fieldandhasmademany_________(special)achievements.3.

The_________(affect)story___________(affect)allthelisteners,andtheyweredeeply___________(affect)byit.4.

Canyou_________(relate)thesetwo_________(relate)eventsandexplaintheir__________(relation)?relationchemicalspecialaffectedaffectingaffectedchemistchemistryspecializesspecializedrelaterelated5.deletevt.刪去,刪除→______________

n.刪除

6.restorevt.恢復(fù);修復(fù);使復(fù)原→______________

n.恢復(fù);歸還

7.abnormaladj.反常的,畸形的→__________

adj.正常的;標準的8.restrictvt.限制,限定;束縛,妨礙→______________

n.限制;束縛

9.prohibitvt.(尤指以法令)禁止→______________

adj.禁止的→______________

n.禁止;禁令

10.resistancen.抵抗力;抵制,反對;反抗→_________

v.抵抗;忍住

11.ripeadj.成熟的;時機成熟的→__________

vt.&vi.(使)成熟

deletion

restoration

normalripenrestrictionprohibitionprohibitiveresist二.WordtransformationPractice1.The_________(delete)ofthisimportantdocumentmadehimveryanxious.2.The_________(restore)oftheoldcastletookseveralyears.3.Itis_________(normal)forachildtobesoquietallthetime.4.Thereare________(restrict)onwhatyoucanbringintothemuseum.5.The_________(prohibit)ofsmokinginschoolsisstrictlyenforced.6.Weshould________(resist)thetemptationtodobadthings.7.Thewarmweatherwill_______(ripe)thefruitssoon.

deletionrestorationabnormalrestrictionsprohibitionresistripen三.KeyWords1.affectvt

影響

toinfluencesb/sth：decisionswhichaffectourlives

[常用于被動語態(tài)]

使感動；打動tomakesbhavestrongfeelingsofsadness,pity,etc.：Withthegovernment’said,those(whowere)affectedbythe

使感染（疾?。篋iseasesaffectalmosteveryoneatsometimeduringtheirlives.構(gòu)詞：af-(to去)

+fect(make做)

→對……起作用→影響（基本義）affect語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖affect基本義“影響”情緒疾病“影響”身體使感動；打動

使感染（疾?。┯绊憽坝绊憽比嘶蛭锶?KeyWords(1)

beaffectedby

受……的影響;被……感動

beaffectedwith

感染……疾病(2)

haveaffectionfor

喜愛……(3)

effect

n.作用;影響

→

effectiveadj.有效果的

haveaneffect/influenceon

對……產(chǎn)生影響1.affectvt.影響；打動；使感染

Practice1.

他深受這部電影的感動。2.

據(jù)說他感染了一種罕見的疾病。3.

父母通常對自己的孩子懷有喜愛之情。4.

這項新政策將對經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)生影響。Hewasdeeplyaffectedbythemovie.It'ssaidthathewasaffectedwithararedisease.Parentsusuallyhaveaffectionfortheirchildren.Thenewpolicywillhaveaneffectontheeconomy.v._________________意思是；意欲adj.吝嗇刻薄的n.__________意思;意義adj.__________意味深長的

2.means

n

[單復(fù)數(shù)同形]手段；方法

awayofdoingsthorachievingsth：ameansoftransportation

Watchingfilmsisregardedasagoodmeansofentertainment.三.KeyWordsmean(meant,meant)meaningmeaningful①bymeansof

[正式用語]借助；依靠：Thisisatwo-yearcoursetaughtbymeansoflectures.②bynomeans/notbyanymeans

決不；一點也不notatall：Punishmentisbynomeansawisechoicetohelpstudentsgrowupmentallyandphysically.Wehaven’twonyet,notbyanymeans.

（注：bynomeans位于句首時，句子多用部分倒裝語序）I’vetriedveryhardtoimprovemyEnglish.Butbynomeansistheteachersatisfiedwithmyprogress.三.KeyWords【語境應(yīng)用】翻譯句子。1.除了養(yǎng)羊，這位老人沒有其它的賺錢途徑。____________________________________________________________________________________________________2.這絕不是你第一次遲到。__________________________________________________3.那臺機器被起重機

(crane)吊到了卡車上。__________________________________________________Theoldmanhasnoothermeansofmakingmoneyexceptraisingsheep.Thisisbynomeansthefirsttimethatyouhavebeenlate.Themachinewasliftedontothetruckbymeansofacrane.3.pace

[C]一步(step)：Walk/Taketenpacesforward.

[U]［常用單數(shù)］速度；進度：Hewalked

atafastpace.Studentsstudy

attheirownpace

andtheteachersseldomsettests.keeppace(withsb/sth)并駕齊驅(qū)；步調(diào)一致

vi&vt

踱步：She

pacedupanddown

outsidetheroom.名詞動詞化三.KeyWordsPractice一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Therunnershavenoticeablyquickenedtheirpace.___________2.Iprefertherelaxedpaceoflifeinthecountry.___________3.Hepacedupanddown,waitingforthedoctortocall.___________二、根據(jù)所給漢語，用適當?shù)脑~塊完成句子。1.Thesechangesarehappening___________________（快速）.2.Theyoungerchildrenstruggledto________________（與……并駕齊驅(qū)）theolderones.生活節(jié)奏加快腳步atafast/rapidpace來回踱步keeppacewith4.arise(arose,arisen)構(gòu)詞：a-(向上)+rise(升起)→升起(基本義)

起床；起身；起立：Hearosefromhisseat.

（問題或困難）出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生：Whatproblemsmayarisewhenhumansarecloned?arisefrom/outof因……產(chǎn)生；由……引起：Accidentsoftenarisefrom/outofcarelessness.問題、困難或新事物等“升起”人“升起”同義異構(gòu)：occur,happen注：日常用語中，表示出現(xiàn)問題或困難，一般用comeup，不用arise。三.KeyWords

一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.WhileIhaveonlylistedtwoofeach,thereareobviouslymanyothersituationsthatcanarise.（2019全國）

___________2.Tellourkidstokeepcalmwhenproblemsarise.___________3.Hearoseandwalkedtothewindow. ___________4.Mymotheraroseearlyinthemorning. ___________

二、根據(jù)所給漢語，用適當?shù)脑~塊完成句子。1.Difficulties_________________（由…引起）thewatershortage.2.I_______________________（從座位上站起來）togreether.出現(xiàn)發(fā)生站起來起床arosefrom/outofarosefrommyseatPracticerise,raise,arise，arouserise不及物動詞，不能帶賓語。表示人或物從低處向高處上升；或表示數(shù)量的增加或數(shù)字上升。無被動語態(tài)。raise及物動詞，可帶賓語。說明主語發(fā)出的動作是要作用于其他事物的，往往有使物體達到其應(yīng)有的高度的含義。可用于被動語態(tài)。arise不及物動詞，沒有“上升”之意，多指“產(chǎn)生、發(fā)生和出現(xiàn)”，常用于抽象事物。arouse及物動詞，“引起；鼓勵；喚醒；激發(fā)”Practice

請根據(jù)句子語境選擇合適的單詞（rise,raise,arise,arouse）

1.

Thesun________intheeasteverymorning.2.

She________herhandtoaskaquestion.3.

Anewproblem________duringthemeeting.4.

Thestory_________ourinterestinhistory.risesraisesarosearousesvt［正式用語］［常用于被動語態(tài)］禁止(ban/forbid)：Smokingisprohibited.prohibitsbfromdoingsth:Visitorsareprohibitedfromfeedingtheanimals.prohibitionn

[U]禁止；[C]禁令5.prohibit構(gòu)詞：pro-(forth向前)+hibit(hold持、握)→預(yù)先把持住→禁止類似結(jié)構(gòu)：prevent,stop,protect等三.KeyWords

一、在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Motorvehiclesareprohibited_________themeeting.2.The___________(prohibit)aimstoprotecttheenvironment.

二、根據(jù)所給提示，將下列句子譯成英語。1.高鐵內(nèi)嚴禁吸煙。(prohibit)_______________________________________________________2.法律禁止人們在該地區(qū)狩獵。(prohibitsbfromdoingsth)_______________________________________________________PracticefromThelawprohibitspeoplefromhuntinganimalsinthisarea.prohibitionSmokingisstrictlyprohibitedinsidethehigh-speedtrain.

（正式地）討論；辯論

todiscusssthinaformalwayoratapublicmeeting

(discuss)：

①debate(sth)withsb:Wemustdebatetheproblemwiththerestofthemembers.②debate+wh-從句/wh-todo:MyfriendsandIdebatewhetherornotthereislifeonotherplanets.6.debatevi&vt三.KeyWords構(gòu)詞：de-(down,completely完全)+bat(tobeat擊打)+-e(動詞后綴)→用言語擊打?qū)Ψ健q論7.relate

vt&vi（使）互有關(guān)聯(lián)

(connect)：Thereportseekstorelatetheriseincrimetoanincreaseinunemployment.

vt[正式用語]

敘述；講Herelatedhowtheaccidenthappened.

vi

理解；認同：IlovetechnologysoIcanrelatetostudents.構(gòu)詞：re-(back)+lat(tobring,carry拿、帶)+-e(動詞后綴)→帶回三.KeyWords三.KeyWords①relateAtoB

把

A和B聯(lián)系起來②

relatesth.tosb.

向某人講述某事③

related

adj.相關(guān)的，有聯(lián)系的④

berelatedtosth./sb.

與……相關(guān)7.relate使互有關(guān)聯(lián)

一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.IlovetechnologysoIcanrelatetomystudents.

2.Helaterrelatedthewholestorytome.

___________

二、在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Thechapterrelates_______________theeffectsoftheInternetonteenagers.2.Wealthisseldom_______________(relate)tohappiness.3.The___________________(relate)betweenthemisthatofteacherandpupil.

三、根據(jù)所給漢語及提示，用適當?shù)脑~塊完成句子。Trafficrulesarepartoftherulesandregulations________________（與……密

切相關(guān)）publicorder.(related)to敘述/講述理解relatedrelation/relationshipcloselyrelatedtoPractice構(gòu)詞：con-(一起)+tract(todraw拉)→把……拉在一起(基本義)n[C]

契約；合同：enterinto/make/signacontractwithsbv

vi縮?。皇湛s：Metalcontractsasitcools.

vi&vt

簽（合同）：Theyarecontractedtowork35hoursaweek.

vt［正式用語］感染（疾?。篶ontractdiseases三.KeyWords8.contractcontract語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖把物體內(nèi)部“拉在一起”縮??；收縮感染（疾?。┌讶伺c疾病“拉在一起”把人與合同“拉在一起”簽（合同）把……拉在一起contractv（基本義）

Testsfoundthattheyweremorelikelytofeelasenseoffearatthemomentwhentheirheartsare___________(contract)andpumpingbloodaroundthebodies.Otherorganizationssuchasbanksaskcustomerstosignlong___________(contract)theymaynotreadorunderstand.Itcriticizesthemain___________(contract)forseriouslyerringintheirestimates.contractingcontractscontractorsPractice9.restore

vt.恢復(fù);修復(fù);使復(fù)原,使復(fù)位Soonwemaybeabletousesuchtreatmentstorestoreablindperson’svisionorgivesomeonewhowasborndeafanexcellentsenseofhearing.(1)restoresth.to 恢復(fù)某事物到某狀態(tài)restoresth.tosb. 把某物歸還給某人(2)restoration n.恢復(fù);復(fù)位;歸還