Unit

4

InventionsReadingII0203LearningobjectivesBytheendofthislesson,Ican:01analyzetheinformationorganizationandlanguageexpressionmethodsofthepassagesummarizethecharacteristicsofexposition(說明文)gainanin-depthunderstandingoftheimportanceandapplicationofthewheelLead-inBeforewatching,trytoanswer：What’sthevideomainlyabout?PleaseanswerthefollowingquestionsWhat’sthetypeofthevideo?Didthetexttrytoentertain(使...娛樂)usornot?√It’snotlikeastory.Lead-inDiditgiveusfactsandexplanations?A.Ittellsfacts.Haveyoureadorwatchsomethinglikethisbefore—inEnglishorinChinese?B.Itgivesexplanations.√Scienceexposition—科普類說明文Lead-inDecidewhichonesarefromascienceexposition(科普類說明文),andwhicharefromothertypesofwriting?ABThehumanbraincontainsabout86billionnervecellscalledneurons.Inmyopinion,robotsshouldnotreplacehumanteachers.√

BecauseAisafactaboutthehumanbody,usingscientificterm"neurons".WhileBisapersonalopinion.Lead-inDecidewhichonesarefromascienceexposition(科普類說明文),andwhicharefromothertypesofwriting?AB"Whattimedoestheexperimentstart?"askedTom.ResearchershavediscoveredanewspeciesoffrogintheAmazonrainforest.√

BecauseBreportsascientificdiscoveryinaneutral,factualtone.WhileAisaquestioninconversation.Lead-inSummarizethecharacteristicsoftheScienceexposition—科普類說明文

Purpose:ToinformLanguage:Clear,factual,objective

Features:Headings,definitions,examples

Examplesinreallife:Sciencewebsites,museumsignsLead-inClosereadingCanyoutelluswhichkindofourtextbelongsto?√A.ScienceexpositionB.PoemC.PublicspeechD.Narrative(記敘文)Clear,factual,objectiveExamplegivingPleasefindthemoutinthepassageLet’sbeafacthunter!!!!FeaturesScienceexpositionexamplePurposeToneKeywordsAnyconversations?ExplainfactsObjectiveForexample;becauseNoClosereadingLet’sbeafacthunterandgivethereportTakealookabout3DprintersandgiveitabriefintroductionClosereadingPrepareyourspeechwithyourgroupmemberYoucanbeginyourspeechlike:Thewheelnotonlychangedthewayhumansmove,butitalsoallowedustobuildalltypesofamazingmachines.Forexample,

the3Dprinter.

Itlookslike..It’smadeof..It’snowchangingourlivesindifferentfields.....Withoutdoubt,thewheelisoneofthemostimportantinventionsofallthetime.ClosereadingChecklistaboutyourspeechFeaturesDoesyourspeechinclude...?PurposeIsitbasedonexplainingfacts?ToneIsitobjectiveenough?KeywordsDoyougivesomeexamples?Anyconversations?Arethereanyconversations?√√√√ClosereadingLanguagewritingskillsFeaturesofExpositoryWritingA.PurposeB.LanguagefeaturesC.StuctureD.UsefulsentencesToexplainorinform1.Thisarticleexplains..2.Forexample,..3.Allinall..1.Introduction2.Body3.Conclusion1.Simplepresenttense2.Objective3.Usinglinkingwords1.Whenthefirsthumansdecidedtoleavetheirhomesover100,000yearsagoinsearchofnewplacestoliveandbetterresourcesoffood.使用了“decidetodo”(決定做某事)“insearchof”(搜尋)句型。AscientistdecidedtotraveltotheAmazoninsearchofnewinsectspecies.一個(gè)科學(xué)家決定去探索亞馬遜去搜尋新的昆蟲物種。Languagewritingskills2.Humanscontinuedwalkingacrosstheglobeforthenext94,000years.使用了“continuedoing”(繼續(xù)做某事)句型。Don’tstopnow—pleasecontinueworkingonyourscienceproject!別停下，繼續(xù)做你們的科學(xué)項(xiàng)目！Languagewritingskills3.Althoughthismeantthatpeoplecouldtravelfurtherandfaster,transportinglargeamountofgoodswasstilladifficultjob.使用了“Although”(雖然；盡管)讓步狀語從句；“Travelfurtherandfaster”比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)。Althoughthewindwasblowingharderandharder,thescientistscontinuedobservingthestorm.盡管風(fēng)越刮越猛，科學(xué)家們?nèi)岳^續(xù)觀察風(fēng)暴。Languagewritingskills4.Farmersweresuddenlyabletotransporttheirgoodstomarketsfaraway.使用了“beabletodo”(能夠做某事)句型。Shewasabletosolvethemathproblemafterthinkingcarefully她經(jīng)過認(rèn)真思考后，成功解出了那道數(shù)學(xué)題。Languagewritingskills5.Thewheelchangedthewayvillages,townsandevencountriesdidbusinesswitheachother.這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，主句中包含一個(gè)定語從句（修飾“theway”），并在后面省略“inwhich/that”。譯為“以...的方式”。Thisistheway(that)scientistsstudyclimatechange.這就是科學(xué)家研究氣候變化的方式。Languagewritingskills6.Asaresult,thefirstroadsmadeofstoneappearedafterthearrivalofthewheel.使用了“bemadeof”(由..制成)句型，并省略“that/which”的定語從句。同時(shí)，使用了“thearrivalof”(..的到來/出現(xiàn))的短語。Withthearrivalofthetrainmadeofsteel,travelbecamefasterandsafer.隨著由鋼鐵制成的火車的到來，旅行變得更加快速和安全。Languagewritingskills7.Thewheelnotonlychangedthewayhumansmove,butitalsoallowedustobulidalltypesofamazingmachines.這是一個(gè)包含“notonly..butalso”并列句、賓語從句

theway后省略“that”和動(dòng)詞不定式“tobuild

”構(gòu)成的句子。LearningEnglishnotonlyhelpsustalktoforeigners,butalsoopensthedoortonewcultures.學(xué)習(xí)英語不僅幫助我們與外國(guó)人交流，還打開了了解新文化的大門。Languagewritingskills8.TheIndustrialRevolutiondepenededonthewheel.使用了“dependon”(依靠，依賴)短語。Plantsdependonsunlightandwatertogrow.植物依靠陽光和水來生長(zhǎng)。Languagewritingskills9.Withoutdoubt,thewheelisoneofthemostimportantinventionsofalltime.這是一個(gè)考點(diǎn)句，包含“oneof”短語，注意后面要加形容詞最高級(jí)和名詞復(fù)數(shù)。Englishisoneofthemostimportantlanguagesintheworld.英語是世界上最重要的語言之一。LanguagewritingskillsFurtherthinkingIntheeraofnewdigitaliziedworld,undoubtedly,thewheelisoneofthemostimportantinventionsforhumanbeings.Apartfrom3Dprinters,canyouexplainanimportantinventionthatismadeofthewheel?Theinvention—...WhatitisWhatitlookslikeWhatitcandoYouropinionTheWheelintheInformationAgeEvenintheinformationage,thewheelisstillveryimportant.Itisnotjustonoldcarts—itworkswithnewtechnology!Forexample:*Sharedbikeshavewheels.Peopleusetheirphonestounlockthemandridearound.It’seasyandgreen.*Smartdeliveryrobotsusewheelstomoveandbringfoodorpackagestohomes.*Electriccarshavewheelsthatworkwithcomputerstosaveenergyandfindthebestwaytogo.FurtherthinkingPleaseworkwithyourgroupmemberstomakeaPOSTERYoucanstartlikethis..Intheeraofnewdigitaliziedworld,wethink...isoneofthemostimportantinventions...WhatitisWhatitlookslikeBenefitsoftheinventionWhatitcandoMainfeaturesFurtherthinkingVocabularypracticeVocabularypracticedependedonattachedtopullpathsdoubtVocabularypracticeWriteaboutaninventionwiththewordsandexpressionsbelow.increaseafterthearrivalof..changedtheinventionof..dependononeofthemostimportantinventionsofallthetimeTheinventionoftheprintingpressgreatlyincreasedthespreadofknowledgeAfterthearrivaloftheinternet,communicationbecamemuchfasterandeasier.Theinventionofthewheelschangedhowpeoplecommunicatewitheachother.Manyproductsdependonwheelstorun