UNIT3FASCINATINGPARKSBuildupyourvocabularyTolearnthegrammarWordFormation:conversion,

derivation,compounding.ToknowaboutTheNortheastTigerandLeopardNationalPark.英語構(gòu)詞法主要有三種：合成、轉(zhuǎn)化和派生。合成：將兩個意思不同的單詞結(jié)合成一個新詞。這類詞可以由“名詞+動詞”、“名詞+名詞”或“形容詞+名詞”等構(gòu)成。如：構(gòu)詞法①名詞+動詞：sun+rise

→

sunrise②名詞+名詞：note+book

→

notebook③形容詞+名詞：blue+berry

→

blueberry④動詞+名詞：work+room

→

workroom⑤形容詞+動詞：high+light

→

highlight⑥動詞+副詞：break+up

→

breakup日出、黎明、晨曦筆記本（電腦）藍莓；西部幽靈工作室、作坊闡明、說明解體、分裂注意：1.

在合成詞中有的詞連寫，有的詞不連寫，有的詞之間用連字符連接。

egkeyboard,network,newspaper,busstop,postoffice,high-speed,CD-ROM,warm-up

Theteacherwrotetheequationontheblackboard.Don’tforgettobuytoothpastewhenyougotothesupermarket.Onlinecheck-inforyourflightisavailable24hoursbeforedeparture.Hemadealast-minutedecisiontojointhetrip.2.

合成形容詞被視為一個單詞，常放在所修飾詞的前面。

egDoyouknowthe

middle-aged

mansittingonthechair?

Myneighborisa

kind-hearted

lady.轉(zhuǎn)化：一個單詞的詞形不經(jīng)過任何變化而由一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種詞性。eg①名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞：ship(n.)

→

ship(v.)(tosendortransportsth./sb.inaship)Afterhistraining,thesoldierwasshippedofftoaforeignbase.②形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞：green(adj.)

→

green(v.)(tomake...environmentallyfriendly)Overtheyears,theyhavegreenedthehillsidebyplantingthousandsoftrees.③介詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞：the

ups

and

downs

oflifeDealingwiththeemotionalupsanddownsofadolescencecanbechallengingforteenagers.④連詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞：no

ifs,ands,or

butsYou’regoingtothedentist,noifs,ands,orbutsaboutit!派生：通過給一個單詞加前綴或后綴構(gòu)成另一個詞。(前綴一般改變詞義而不改變詞性，后綴一般改變詞性而不改變詞義)前

綴含

義例

詞anti-反，反對防，防止co-共同，聯(lián)合micro-微小的over-太，過于外面額外上方-aholic嗜好……的，對……成癮的-ee受動者，受益者-like類似……的，有……特征的-ed/-d有……特征的，以……為特征的-ous有……性質(zhì)的antisocial,antibody,antibody,antigovernmentantifreeze,antiseptic,antivirusco-author,co-worker,co-founder,cooperate,collaborate,microwave,microsoft,microscope,microrganism,microgramoverconfident,overwork,overeat,oversleepovercoat,overflow,overseasovertime,overcome,overwhelm,overtakeoverhang,overlook,overhead,overpass,overstepshopaholic,chocaholic,workaholic,spendaholicemployee,trainee,interviewee,addressee,nomineechildlike,shell-like,lifelike,dreamlike,Godliketalented,bearded,four-legged,blue-eyedpoisonous,mountainous,famous,dangerous,courageousGuessthemeaningsandpartsofspeechofthewordsinitalics.1.Hehandedmeabookwithhisshakinghand.5.Hesmelled

thefamiliarsmellofaged

woodanddust-ladenmemories.vt.遞給n.手2.Hestoodinsilence,hisfacefacing

east.n.臉v.面向3.Theterriblefloodlastnight

flooded

thewholevillage.

n.水災(zāi)v.淹沒4.Thewarmbedroom

warmedmethoughitwasverycoldoutside.adj.溫暖的v.使暖和v.聞n.氣味A.theouterlimitofanobjectB.anofficialorlegalprohibitionC.amealwithseveraldishesfromwhichpeopleservethemselvesD.movecarefullytowardssomethingE.farfrom,notcloseF.officiallyorlegallyprohibitG.(especiallyofwindorwave)strikerepeatedlywithalotofforceH.(informal)adeviceforcontrollingsomethingelsefromadistance1Matcheachwordwithitspropermeaning.()1.buffetv.

()2.buffetn.()3.edgev.

()4.edgen.()5.banv.

()6.bann.

()7.remoteadj.()8.remoten.

GCDAFBEHn.禁止;阻止;禁令vt.禁止;阻止unchangeableadj._______dislikev._________impossibilityn._________unfriendlyadj.__________overworkv.____________misunderstandingn.____________athleticadj.____________misreadv.

___________translatorn.____________change

like

possiblefriendwork

understandathletereadtranslateNewwordscanalsobeformedbyusingprefixesandsuffixes.Findandunderlinetheprefixesorsuffixesinthewordsbelow.Thenwriteouttheoriginalwords.2Workoutthemeaningsoftheunderlinedwordsinthesentencesbelowandstatewhethertheyarecompoundsorderivatives.1.Ibelievethatajournalistshouldbecompletelyobjective.2.WheneverIsneeze,myEnglishteachersays,“Blessyou!”3.Weareimpressedbythevastnessandbreathtakingbeautyoftheoceans.4.Heboughtatraditionalteasetattheairport:aniceteapotandfourteacups.5.Heorderedthedishlabelled“PumpkinPieandIceCream”.derivativederivativecompoundcompound記者客觀的無論何時巨大令人驚嘆的n.噴嚏

vi.打噴嚏傳統(tǒng)的derivative機場compound茶杯冰激凌compoundvt.貼標簽n.標簽;標記3Completethepassagebelowwiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.TheNortheastTigerandLeopardNationalParkwas______inJilinandHeilongjiang,with__________stretchingallthewaytotheborderandjoiningwithRussia’swildlifereserves.This_____newparkisnearlyfourtimeslargerthantheoldwildlifeparkprotectingSiberiantigersinNortheastChina.Overtheyears,increaseddevelopmentintheareaaffectedthetigers’habitat,anditwasthoughtthatby1998therewereonlysixtoninewildSiberiantigerslivinginthe_______region.However,a_____ondevelopmentputinplacein2015resultedina_______populationincreaseofthespecies,andnowtheareaisthoughttohaveabout35tigersand70leopards.Theproblem,however,wasthattheoldparkwastoosmalltosupportfurtherpopulationincreases.Always,____________Siberiantigersandleopardsneedlargeareastohuntforfood.Thislargerpark,withaconnectiontoRussia’swildlifereservesacrosstheborder,shouldgivethesespeciesthenaturalspacetheyneedtolivein.setupboundariesboundary,visible,remote,vast,onthemove,ban,setupvastremotebanvisibleonthemoveUNIT3FASCINATINGPARKS

DiscoveringusefulstructuresThinkandDig(P26~P27)WhatisthefunctionoftheV-ingformineachsentence?1.Eventhoughthesunisbrightlyshining,tellingwhetheritismorningornightisimpossible.(Para.1)2.Checkingmywatch,Iseethatitis7:30a.m.(Para.1)3.Spreadingoutbeforeme,branchesoftheRapaRiverflowthroughthewalleybelow.(Para.1)4.Around9,000yearsago,thisicemelted,leavingbehindabout100glaciers.

(Para.2)5.FollowingthereindeerweretheSamipeople,whomadethisterritorytheirhome.

(Para.2)6.Getting

hereisquitedifficult,soapartfromtheSamiveryfewpeoplehaveeverseenSarek.

(Para.2)subjectadverbialadverbialadverbialpredicative

subject

ⅠLead-in7.Forhundredsofyears,lookingafterreindeerwasawayoflifefortheSami.

(Para.3)8.Buteveryspring,asmallnumberofSamistillfollowtheirreindeerintothevalleysofSarek,livingintentsoroldcottages

andenjoyingtheirtraditions.(Para.3)9.Forexample,thismorningmybreakfastisflatbreadwarmedoverafire,driedreindeermeat,andsomesweetandsourberriesthatIfoundgrowingnearmytent.(Para.3)10.Beinginsuchabeautifulandwildplacemakesmefeelblessedtobealive.

(Para.4)11.HereIam,aloneunderthisbroadsky,breathingthefreshair,andenjoyingthisgreatadventure.(Para.4)12.Standingattheedgeofthemountain,watchingtheRapaRiverflowthroughthevalleybelow,Ifeelsoblessedtobealiveandhavethisrareopportunitytoexplorethisuniqueterritory,whichisalmostunknowntotheoutsideworld.

(P27Ex.5)subjectadverbialsThinkandDig(P26~P27)complement

subjectadverbialsadverbialsCloseby,thereareafewreindeerfeedingongrass.(Para.2)Itwasthoughtthatby1998therewereonlysixtoninewildSiberiantigerslivingintheremoteregion.(P28.Ex.3)PleasesummarisetheusageofV-ing/V-ed/todointherebe.ThinkandDig(P26~P27)即學(xué)即用1.Hebelievedthatdiligencewasthepath_________tosuccess.2.Thereisawarningmessage________onasignattheentrance.

3.Thereweresomechildren__________(swim)inthenearbyriver.4.Therewereabout300people________________(move)tothenew

factoryinthesouth.5.Therewerethousandsofpeople______(kill)intheearthquake.

leadingwrittenswimmingtomove/movingkilledDiscoverusefulstructuresThe-ingFormasthe—ExamplesItwasgreatfunenjoyingtherelaxingtime!Ijustcan’ttakemyeyesofftheshininglightsontheChristmastreeseverywhere.Youlookamazingtoday.Themostimportantthingisgettingthereintime.Sheheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor.Youhavekeptmewaitingthewholemorning.Shesatatthedeskreading

anewspaper.Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisconsideredtobeagoodhabit.predicativeattributiveobjectcomplementadverbialsubjectThe-ingform:Gettoknowmoreabout-ingformV-ing

形式動名詞現(xiàn)在分詞ⅡThe-ingformasthesubject時態(tài)/語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)否定式V-ing一般式doingbeingdonesb/sb’sdoingsb

/sb’snotdoingsb

/sb’snothavingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone句子成分主語表語賓語賓補定語狀語V-ing動名詞現(xiàn)在分詞ΟΟΟΟ

The-ingform:Gettoknowmoreabout-ingform

The-ing

form:ObserveandFind

1.動詞-ing形式作主語表示抽象的或泛指的動作,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Readingaloudisapowerfulbridgethatturnsprivatewordsintoasharedexperience.Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisacornerstoneofahealthylifestyle.TravellingalongtheoldSilkRoadwaslikewalkingthroughalivingmuseum.2.動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的形式為“名詞所有格/形容詞性物主代詞/人稱代詞賓格/名詞普通格+動名詞”。Hisbeinglatehasbecomeabadhabitthatneedstobeaddressed.Thestudents’knowingEnglishgreatlyfacilitatedtheircommunicationwiththeinternationalcommunity.Weareeagerlywaitingfortheexpert’s/theexpertcomingtogiveusalecture.3.動詞-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面加

not，帶有邏輯主語時not應(yīng)在動詞-ing形式之前。Not

cleaning

thewoundproperlygreatlyincreasestheriskofinfection.Herson’snotcominghomeintimefordinneragainhasbecomeasourceofconstantworry.Hewascriticizedbyhismanagerfornotfinishingthereportonschedule.4.動詞-ing形式作主語表示一般的、抽象的或習(xí)慣性的動作,不定式作主語表示具體的、一次性的或尚未做的動作。Facinguptoyourproblemsratherthanrunningawayfromthemisthebestapproachtoworkingthingsout.Tocompleteamarathonisbothaphysicalandmentalchallenge.Whilesingingismyhobby,toperformonCCTV’splatformrepresentsthefulfillmentofmydream.5.動詞-ing形式作主語時常后置，用

it

作形式主語，用形容詞或名詞作表語。常見的作表語的名詞或短語有：nouse,nogood,fun,hardwork,ahard/difficultjob,awonder,awasteoftime

等。Itisworthwhiletovisitthelocalmuseumtounderstandthetown’shistory.It’snogoodwaitingforhimtoapologize;youknowhowstubbornheis.It’sawasteoftimereadingtheinstructionsifyoualreadyknowhowtoassemblethefurniture.Itisnousearguingwithhim;heneverchangeshismindonceit’smadeup.It+be+awasteoftimedoing…做……是浪費時間的Itis/wasnogood/usedoing…做……是沒益/用處的Itis/washardly/scarcelyworthdoing…做……不值得Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing…做……是值得的Thereisnosense/pointindoing…做……沒有道理The

-ingformasthesubject:

The-ingformasthesubject:Practicemakesperfect.1.Mary’s________(come)backhomelatelastnightwokeeveryoneup.2.Itisworth________(put)intheeffortfortheopportunitiesitwillbring.3.Beingabletohaveaccesstodigitalpayment____(be)suchaconvenienceforusinthemodernage.4.Thenewsofhis________________(notelect)madeussurprisedalotashewasindeedveryexcellent.coming

puttingisnotbeingelectedThe-ingformasthesubject:InstantExercises(P29,2)2Rewriteeachofthefollowingsentencesusingthe-ingformasthesubject.EXAMPLEItischallengingyetreallyfascinatingtohikethroughthemountainsinthepathlessSarek.HikingthroughthemountainsinthepathlessSarekischallengingyetreallyfascinating.1.Itisbothchallengingandrewardingtostudyabroad.

Studyingabroadisbothchallengingandrewarding.2.ItwouldhardlybepossibletogoonahikingtourinSarekinwinterduetotheextremecold.

GoingonahikingtourinSarekinwinterwouldhardlybepossibleduetotheextremecold.3.Honestly,itcanbebothexcitingandterrifyingtoexploreavastunknownland.

Honestly,exploringavastunknownlandcanbebothexcitingandterrifying.4.Itisgoodtoadoptapositiveattitude,evenwhenthingsaredifficult.

Adoptingapositiveattitudeisgood,evenwhenthingsaredifficult.5.Itisstronglyadvisedtohirelocalguides,becausetheycanofferaccurateknowledgeofSarekcultureandhistory.

Hiringlocalguidesisstronglyadvised,becausetheycanofferaccurateknowledgeofSarekcultureandhistory.Discuss:Howdoesthesentencefocuschange?Theuseof-ingformsassubjectputstheactionfirst,makingthesentencesseemmoredynamic.The-ingformasthesubject:InstantExercises(P29,3)3Fillintheblanksusingthe-ingformofaverbfromtheboxandstateitsfunction.Onewordwillbeusedtwice.combinecovergrowtakelimitwalkexperienceXixiNationalWetlandPark,_________10squarekilometresinwesternHangzhou,isthefirstnationalwetlandparkinChina.___________

citylife,nature,andwetlandsmakestheparkapopulardestinationbothfortouristsandlocalresidents.AtXixi,________aboattour,________along

paths,and_____________localcustomsandtraditionsofthevillagesinthisparkareatthetopofthelistofpeople’sfavouriteactivities.Withtrees,bushes,andcolourfulflowers________alongtheriversides,theparkshowsdifferentsidesofbeautyindifferentseasons.Inordertobetterdevelopaswellaspreservethisplace,__________humanimpactonXixiWetlandwasconsideredbytheparkdesigners.Allthenewbuildingsweredesignedinatraditionalwaytofitintothenaturalenvironment.Thisgreen,wateryworldishometomanybirdsandfishes.Withtrees_________intheshallows,thewetlandisanaturalsystemforprovidingcleanwaterandproducingoxygen,whichmakesitthe“greenlungsofHangzhou”.coveringattributiveCombining

subjecttaking

subjectwalking

subjectexperiencing

subjectgrowingattributiveLimitingsubjectgrowingobjectcomplement高考鏈接The-ingform:ComprehensiveExercises

1.Fishingishisfavouritehobby,and__________(collect)coinsalsogiveshimgreatpleasure.2.Eugene’sneverwillingtoalteranyofhisopinions.It’snouse________(argue)withhim.3.Here’show________(keep)awayfrommyphonefor48hourschangedmeandmywayoflife.4.Thismachineisveryeasy__________(operate).Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes.5.___________________(ignore)thedifferencebetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.collectingarguingkeepingtooperateIgnoring/Toignore6._______________(understand)yourownneedsandstylesofcommunicationisasimportantaslearningtoconveyyouraffectionandemotions.7.Themeeting__________(hold)tomorrowisofgreatimportance.8.Thetrees______(blow)downinthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.9.Havingteainthelateafternoon_________(provide)abridgebetweenlunchanddinner.10.__________(compare)withoursmallflat,Bill’shouseseemedlikeapalace.11.ManyChinesebrands,__________________(develop)theirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallengesfromthemodernmarket.UnderstandingtobeheldblownprovidesComparedhaving

developedThe-ingformSummary形式用法意義及功能動名詞做主語有三種形式一般式v+-ing動詞的形式，名詞的用法和意義。動名詞具有名詞的性質(zhì)，因此在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語等。①動名詞在句首直接作主語。②It在句首作形式主語，動名詞短語作真正的主語。③Therebe+no+動名詞動名詞作主語往往表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作。此時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。1huntforfood2duetotheextremecold3exploreavastunknownland4itisstronglyadvisedtodosth5offeraccurateknowledgeof...6combine...and...7limithumanimpacton8fitinto由于極度嚴寒探索一片廣闊的未知之地強烈建議做某事提供精確的……知識把……和……結(jié)合限制人類對……的影響適應(yīng)Importantphrases(P28~P29)獵食III

LanguagePointsWhatdothesesentenceshaveincommon?Importantsentences(P28~P29)1.TheNortheastTigerandLeopardNationalParkwassetupinJilinandHeilongjiang,withboundariesstretchingallthewaytotheborderandjoiningwithRussia’swildlifereserves.(P28,Ex.3)2.Thislargerpark,withaconnectiontoRussia’swildlifereservesacrosstheborder,shouldgivethesespeciesthenaturalspacetheyneedtolivein.(P28,Ex.3)3.Withtrees,bushes,andcolourfulflowersgrowingalongtheriversides,theparkshowsdifferentsidesofbeautyindifferentseasons.(P29,Ex.3)4.Withtreesgrowingintheshallows,thewetlandisanaturalsystemforprovidingcleanwaterandproducingoxygen,whichmakesitthe“greenlungsofHangzhou”.

(P29,Ex.3)5.Therearevariouskindsofthemeparks,withdifferentparksforalmosteverything:

food,culture,science,cartoons,movies,history,andsoon.(P31,Para.1)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：with+n/pron+adj/adv/介詞短語/V-ing/V-ed/todo1.Withtheboy_________(show)ustheway,wegotthereeasily.2.Witheverything______(do),shemadeherwayhome.3.WithMrFrank________(help)us,I’msurewewi