Unit4AdversityandCourageDiscoverusefulstructuresEnjoyasongandfillintheblanks.Ihavebeenlivingwithashadowoverhead.I__________________withacloudabovemybed.I____________________allmyhopesanddreamsaway.I___________________asidetime.I___________________butthestarsrefusetoshine.I___________________butIjustdon’tseethesigns.havebeensleepinghavebeenhidinghavebeensettinghavebeenwatchingThepresentperfectcontinuoustense現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)Observeanddiscoverhavebeensearching1.ThisistheadventurethatIhavebeendreaming

of.2.Wearenowcampedonthericeandwehavebeenmanaging

tosurvive,butspringiscoming,andtheicewillsoonbegintomelt.3.We

havebeenstruggling

fordays,butthingsonElephantIslandaregoingfrombadtoworse.結(jié)構(gòu)S（主）+have/hasbeendoingFocuson基本用法ThePresentPerfectContinuousTense

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.基本概念2.用法3.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或者剛剛終止，或者可能還要繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去。基本概念現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法1

learn

8yearsagofuturenowlearnlearnI

havebeenlearning

EnglishsinceIwas8yearsoldandIstillloveit.表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始一直到說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)還在進(jìn)行或可能還要繼續(xù)下去。現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法21.---IamsorryIhavekeptyouwaitingsolong.---Itisallright.Ihavebeenreading

thenewspapers.2.Wehavebeenwaitingforyouforhalfanhour.3.Hereyesarered.It'sobviousthatshehasbeencryingforalongtime.

2.表示不久前剛剛結(jié)束的動(dòng)作。這種意義通常根據(jù)上下文來(lái)判斷。與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):allday/month;thismonth/week/year;thesedays;

recently/lately;inthepast/lastfew+時(shí)間段;since+時(shí)間點(diǎn);

for+時(shí)間段,ever

since等。Hehasbeenworking

allday.Theyhavebeenbuildingthebridgefortwomonths.ThetwopartieshavebeentryingtounitesincetheNewYear.e.g.:HoweveryonewilladmiremewhenItellthemIamadmittedtotheuniversityIhavebeendreamingof.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法3

1.It

hasbeenraining

thesedays.2.We

havebeenpracticing

KungFurecently.3.IhavebeenvisitingsomecitiesofChinathismonth.3.表示在一段持續(xù)的時(shí)間內(nèi)動(dòng)作的多次重復(fù)，而這個(gè)重復(fù)的動(dòng)作在說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)并不一定在進(jìn)行?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法4

Whyareyoulateagain?Ihavebeenwaiting

foryoufortwohours.

1.

You

havebeenmaking

progressandIamproudofyou!4.表示某種強(qiáng)烈的感情色彩,如：贊賞、批評(píng)、憤怒等。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較

相同點(diǎn)：1.動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過(guò)去2.都與一段時(shí)間連用比較一：LiJia__________(read)abookaboutpsychology.(Shefinishedreadingthebook.)LiJia______________(read)abookaboutpsychology.(Sheisstillreadingthebook.)hasread

hasbeenreading

pastfuturenowreaddohaveread

pastfuturenowreaddohavebeenreadingdo現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)動(dòng)作剛結(jié)束；強(qiáng)調(diào)影響或結(jié)果動(dòng)作還在延續(xù)；強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以表示動(dòng)作的反復(fù)性；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般不表示動(dòng)作的反復(fù)Haveyoubeenmeetinghimrecently?你最近經(jīng)常見(jiàn)到他嗎？（反復(fù)性）Haveyoumethimrecently?你最近見(jiàn)過(guò)他嗎？Theteacherhasbeentellingustobecarefulalltheterm.整個(gè)學(xué)期，老師一直在告訴我們要細(xì)心。（反復(fù)性）Theteacherhastoldustobecarefulalltheterm.老師告訴我們整個(gè)學(xué)期都要細(xì)心。比較二：比較二：（2）A.—_____________haveyouvisitedEgyptthismonth?—IhavevisitedEgypttwicethismonth.

(過(guò)去往返埃及和居住地,但現(xiàn)在已回來(lái))

B.—__________haveyoubeentouringEgypt?—IhavebeentouringEgyptfortwomonth.

(過(guò)去一段時(shí)間一直待在埃及,沒(méi)有離開(kāi)過(guò))HowmanytimesHowlongTip2:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，提問(wèn)時(shí)用howmanytimes。而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示持續(xù)的、不間斷的動(dòng)作，提問(wèn)時(shí)用howlong。比較三：Tip3:現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)比較生動(dòng)，有時(shí)含有明顯的感情色彩(喜悅、憤怒、不滿(mǎn)、厭惡等。)，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)往往只說(shuō)明一個(gè)事實(shí)，一種影響或結(jié)果。

試比較：

Ihavewaitedforyoufortwohours.Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.說(shuō)一個(gè)事實(shí)；平鋪直敘強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性或不滿(mǎn)意下列句型中常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)This(that/It)isthefirst(second…)timethat+完成時(shí)

This(That/It)isthebest/finest/mostinteresting….+that+完成時(shí)

比較四（1）：It’sthefirsttimethatIhavebeentotheGreatWall.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatIhaveseen.Theyhaveknowneachothersince1970.

（1）有些表示狀態(tài)、感情、感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞如：①表示感官、感覺(jué)：see,hear,smell等；②表示愛(ài)憎：love,prefer,mind等；③表示希望、意愿：wish,want,desire等；④表示相信、猜想：believe,think,suppose等；不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，但可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。JohnhaslovedMarysincetenyearsago.比較四：（2）

某些不具延續(xù)性含義的動(dòng)詞，如come,go,

marry,die,finish，leave等，不適用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，但可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。Wehavefinishedthehomework.Wehavebeenfinishingthehomework.我們已經(jīng)完成了家庭作業(yè)。單句改錯(cuò)1.Shehadbeenreadingallmorning;sheoughttohavearest.__________2.Itisthethirdtimethatyouvisitedourschool.__________3.Ihavebeenlookedformylostbookforthreedays,butIstillhaven’tfoundit.__________4.Tomworkedinthecompanyfortenyearsandhedoesn’thavetheintentiontoleave._________had改成hasvisited前加havelooked改成lookingWorked改成hasbeenworkingconsolidation【內(nèi)化·用】

(1)翻譯句子。①我一直等了你兩個(gè)小時(shí)。____________________________________

②我等你兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。_______________________________

(2)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。①There__________(exist)anoldtemplesincetheMingDynasty.

②I_________________(teach)Englishforalmosttwentyyears,andIwillstepinanothernewteachingyear.

Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.Ihavewaitedforyoufortwohours.hasexistedhavebeenteaching真題演練1.People________________(pour)intostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.(2021全國(guó)乙卷)2.Aretiredengineer,76-year-oldWilson_______________(offer)freeridestocollegestudentsforthepasteightyears.

(2019北京卷)3.Youknow,I_________________(look)forajobforthreemonths,andthisismyfirstformalinterview.havebeenpouringhavebeenofferinghavebeenlooking真題演練4.Marty________________(work)hardonhisbookthisweekandthinkshe________________(finish)itbyFriday.5.—Hi,Tom,youlooktired.—Iamtired.I________________(paint)thelivingroomallday.6.Iaskedwherethey______________(stay)allthosedays.hasbeenworkingwillhavefinishedhavebeenpaintinghadbeenstaying1.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成:have/has+been+doing2.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本概念：表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能剛終止，也可能還在進(jìn)行。3.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):allthetime,thisweek,allnight,thesefewdays,for…,since…等。4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別：①動(dòng)作是否有延續(xù)性②是否表示動(dòng)作重復(fù)性③是否有感情色彩3.Completethesentencesbelowusingthecorrecttensesoftheverbsinbrackets.Thenexplainyourreasonstoyourpartner.翻譯：1.Forthewholemorning,theboardofthedirectors

_________________(discuss)theresolutiontoincreasewagesinthecomingyear.一整個(gè)早上，董事會(huì)一直在討論來(lái)年漲工資的決議。2.Jason'sonlyrecreationispainting.He_______________(learn)howtopaintforoverfiveyears.賈森唯一的娛樂(lè)就是畫(huà)畫(huà)。他一直在學(xué)如何畫(huà)畫(huà)達(dá)五年多時(shí)間了。hasbeendiscussinghasbeenlearning3.Eventhoughwelostthegame,weshouldbeproudofourselvesbecausewe_____(try)ourbestand_______(work)asateam.盡管我們輸?shù)袅吮荣?，我們?yīng)該為我們自己自豪，因?yàn)槲覀儽M了我們的最大努力和團(tuán)隊(duì)進(jìn)行了合作。4.Hefinally_________(finish)theresearchpaperunderhistutor'sguidance.他終于在他的導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)之下完成了研究論文。triedworkedfinished5.MynephewSam___________________(collect)comicbookssincehewasfive.Nowhehasmorethantwohundredofthem.我的侄子薩姆自他五歲以來(lái)一直在收集連環(huán)畫(huà)?，F(xiàn)在他有超過(guò)兩百本了。6.Thecompany__________________________________(launch)anadvertisingcampaigntopromoteitscorporateimage.這家公司正在發(fā)起/已經(jīng)發(fā)起了/發(fā)起過(guò)一個(gè)廣告活動(dòng)來(lái)提升公司的形象。hasbeencollectingislaunching/haslaunched/launched2.Readeachsituationandrewriteeachsentenceusingthepresentperfectcontinuoustense.翻譯P4121.Thedogstartedtobarkabouttwohoursago.Ireallyhopeitwillstopsoon.

__________________________________________________________________________2.Stevestartedtoplayrugbyattheageofeight.Nowhehasbecomeaprofessionalplayer._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Thedoghasbeenbarkingforabouttwohours.

狗一直犬吠了大約兩個(gè)小時(shí)。

Stevehasbeenplayingrugbysincetheageofeight.史蒂夫自八歲以來(lái)一直打橄欖球。3.Timmyisholdingatabletennisbatandhisshorthairisdampwithsweat.H