第=page22頁(yè)，共=sectionpages22頁(yè)第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages11頁(yè)北京市海淀區(qū)2021-2022學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期英語(yǔ)期末試題一、完形填空Haveyoueverhadascienceclassthatyoulookforwardto?Itdoesn’thappenoften．ButwhenyouhaveateacherlikeMrsBrown,it’smorethanascienceclass．It’sascienceclasswhere1．iseasyandfun．Wedon’thavetoburyourselvesinahugetextbookorlistentoateacherlectureaboutsomethingwedon’tcareabout．MyexperiencewithMrsBrowndidn’tstartwithmyscienceclass,butwithherasmytutor(個(gè)別輔導(dǎo)教師)．Iwasalwaysa2．readerandwasn’tgettinganybetter．MyparentstoldmeIneededtobetutored．Onedayafterschool,Iwentintothelibrarywithmymomformy3．tutoringtime．Ihadnoideawhowastutoringme．Mymompracticallydraggedmeintothelibrary．Thefirstthingthatwedidwasplayingagametogettoknoweachotherandgetridofour4．．Wedidn’tevenplayareadinggame．WealsowentaroundthelibraryandIgottopickoutabookIwantedtoread．Shedidn’tmakemereadaboringtextbookaboutsomethingIdidn’tcareabout．Ididn’tevenpickabook．Iselecteda5．a(chǎn)boutremotecontrolcars．I6tomyself,howbadcoulditbe?Igottoreadaboutremotecontrolcars．ShetoldmeeventhoughIwasreadingamagazine,Iwas7reading．Afterthefirstmagazine,shepickedoutabookshe8．Iwouldreadachapterandthenshewouldreadachaptertome．ThiswayIdidn’thavetoreadforlongperiodsoftime．AsIgotbetterand9atreading,Iwasabletoreadtwochaptersinthesameamountoftimeasitusedtotakemetoreadonechapter．10isoneofthemostimportantthingsinhighschoolandcollegetobesuccessful．Ifitwerenotforher,IwouldnotbethereaderIamtodayandIthankherforthat．1．A．learning B．writing C．testing D．listening2．A．serious B．regular C．careless D．weak3．A．favorite B．first C．dull D．long4．A．strangeness B．loneliness C．tiredness D．nervousness5．A．collection B．survey C．newspaper D．magazine6A．turned B．came C．smiled D．thought7A．just B．a(chǎn)lways C．still D．right8A．liked B．wrote C．bought D．closed9A．louder B．happier C．faster D．freer10A．Co-operating B．Reading C．Self-studying D．Speaking二、閱讀理解WelcomingNewLifestylesHyggehasbeenpopularintheUKforoverayear．Itmeanstocreatearelaxedandcomfortablemood．Itcanbefeltbyrelaxingactivitieslikechattingwithfriends．Besides,hyggeisalsoaboutlearningtobehappywithsimplethings．Thisreallyresonated(共鳴)withme．Ifeelstressedathomebecausemysmallflatispackedwithmuchstuff．Idecidetothrowthethingsthatdon’tholdmemories．Doingthiswouldhelpmefeelhygge．Lastyear,lagom,aSwedishwordmeaning“justtherightamount”,becamepopular．Lagomisaboutseekingabalanceofworkandlife．It’salsoaboutlivingmoresustainably(可持續(xù)地)bysavingmoreenergy,creatinglesswasteandrecyclingmore．Nextyear,Iwon’thavetoreplacethingssooften．Plus,Ikeepthinkingaboutrecyclingandhopingtosaveasmuchmoneyaspossible．So,Icangetonboardwithlagom．ComingfromJapan,wabisabiisaboutfindingbeautyinimperfection．Wabireferstothefailingsintheproductionprocess,whichmakesanobjectspecial．Sabidescribesthebeautythatcomeswithage．Thetraditionofwabisabicanofferanewwaytoviewourhomes．IamaperfectionistandIkeepmyhometidy．Butnow,mygirlsputtheirtoyseverywhere．So,Ihavetoseethemessandaccepttheimperfections．IntheJapaneseconcept,ikigaimeans“areasonforbeing”,whichcanbringsatisfactionandmeaningtolife．Manypeoplebelieveikigaicanbefoundatwhatyouaregoodatandwhatyoulovedoing．Forme,itisblogging．ThisyearIcandomorewritingtasksthatinterestme．AndifInoticethethingsthatbringmenojoy,Icanstayawayfromtheminthefuture．Hopefully,thiswillhelpmetoleadamoremeaningfullife．11．Ifapersonwantstoenjoyasimplebuthappylife,whichlifestyleissuitable?A．Hygge． B．Lagom． C．Wabisabi． D．Ikigai．12．Tolivealifestyleofwabisabi,onehasto________．A．findbeautyinhisorherimperfectlifeB．a(chǎn)chieveabalancebetweenworkandlifeC．behappyandfindoutthemeaningoflifeD．throwawaytheuselessandliveasimplelife13．Thispassageismostlikelytobereadina________．A．researchreport B．travelblogC．productadvertisement D．popularmagazineAlthoughgrowingupinapoorfamilyinpost-war1950s,GloriaStewartremembersherpoorbutkindheartedparentsalwayshadanextrasettingattheirtable,especiallyatChristmas．Thewarmthofhermumanddad’swelcomeforpoorguestsatthecoldesttimeoftheyearinspiredthe69-year-oldgrandmothertospreadherownseasonaljoy．“Mumanddadhadn’tevengotapenny,”recallsGloria．“Butitdidn’tmatter．They’dneverturndownanyhomelessonewhoknockedonthedoor．”“WhenIbecameamum,Itriedtomakethefestiveseasonasspecialaspossible．However,IoncemetanoldladywhowasspendingChristmasaloneinbed．Itbrokemyheart．”InDecember2007,GloriahostedthefirstHomeAlonelunchafteradvertisingtothepublicandreceivingdonations．Ittookaspecialpersonwithabigheartandanevenbiggertabletoinvite87lonelyoldpeopleforChristmas．HerHomeAloneeventhaslasteduptonow．EveryChristmas,Gloriawearshermostsparklydresstoservethetraditionalroasttoeverytableofhersmiling,gratefulguests,makingtimetospeaktoasmanyofthemaspossible．Afterherfirstlunch,GloriawasnicknamedMrs．Christmas．AndnowshehaswrittenabookaboutherextraordinarylifehelpingbringjoytotheelderlywhowouldnormallyspendChristmasalone．Shewroteinherbook,“WhenIwasachild,IhadfewfriendsandIwaslaughedatforbeingsopoor．SoIwasdeterminednooneelseshouldbearthelonelinessandhardshipIhadsuffered．”Havingbattledcancerthreetimes,GloriabecameevenmoredeterminedtomakesureChristmaswasnotcloudedbysadness．NowtheHomeAloneeventhasgrowntoservingturkeylunchtoover500happyguests．ThekindladyreceivedanawardfromSheffieldCityCouncilforhereffortsandwaspraisedbyformerPrimeMinisterDavidCameron．ButforGloria,therealprizecomesasshewatchesthesmileslightupthefacesofherlunchguests．Shesays,“Therereallyisnogreaterreward．Justforafewhourstheyescapetheirlonelinessandaresurroundedbylove．”14．Thefirsttwoparagraphsintendtotellus________．A．whyGloriahadasufferingchildhoodB．howGloria’sparentscelebratedChristmasC．whatmemoriesGloriahadaboutherparentsD．thatGloriawasinspiredbyherparents’kindact15．WhatmadeGloriasodetermined?A．Herdesireforsuccess． B．Herparents’will．C．Hertoughlifeexperiences． D．Herfriends’encouragement．16．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．AHomeAloneEvent B．ABig-heartedGrandmotherC．ASpecialMemoryofChristmas D．ASharedChristmasDinnerAscollegesportscontinuetobehugelypopularandtheNationalCollegiateAthleticAssociation(NCAA)bringsinlargeamountsofmoney,peoplehaverestartedthedebateonwhethercollegeathletesshouldgetpaid．Supportersoftheideabelievethat,becausecollegeathletesarebringinginaudiences,theyshouldreceivesomesortofcompensation(補(bǔ)償)．Infact,theNCAAbringsinabout$1billionincomeayear,butcollegeathletesdon’treceiveanyofthatmoneyintheformofapaycheck．Additionally,peoplewhobelievecollegeathletesshouldbepaidstatethatpayingcollegeathleteswillactuallyencouragethemtoremainincollegelongerandnotturnprofessionalsasquickly,eitherbygivingthemawaytobeginearningmoneyincollegeorrequiringthemtosignacontract(合同)sayingthey’llstayattheuniversityforacertainnumberofyearswhilemakinganagreed-uponsalary．Peoplewhoargueagainsttheideaofpayingcollegeathletesbelievethepracticecouldbedisastrousforcollegesports．Payingathleteswouldturncollegesportsintoabidding(競(jìng)拍)war,whereonlytherichestschoolscouldaffordtopathletes,andmostschoolswouldbeshutoutfromdevelopingatalentedteam．Itcouldalsoharmthecamaraderiewithinmanycollegeteamsifplayersbecomeunhappythatcertainteammatesaremakingmoremoneythantheyare．Thoseagainstpayingcollegeathletesalsobelievethattheathletesarereceivingenoughbenefitsalready．Thetopathletesreceivescholarshipsthatareworthtensofthousandsperyear．Theyreceivefreefoodandtextbooks,gettravelbonusesandfreeequipment,andcanusetheirtimeincollegeasawaytoattracttheattentionofprofessionalcoaches．Noothercollegestudentsreceiveanywherenearasmuchfromtheirschools．Whilebothsideshavegoodpoints,it’sclearthatthenegativesofpayingcollegeathletesfaroutweighthepositives．Collegeathleteshavebeencompensatedenough．Addingasalarywouldresultinacollegeathleticsystemwhereonlyafewathletesarepaidbysomeschoolswhoenterbiddingwarstosignthemup,whilemoststudentathleticsandcollegeathleticprogramssufferorevenshutdownforlackofmoney．Continuingtoofferthepresentbenefitstostudentathletesmakesitpossibleforasmanypeopletobenefitfromandenjoycollegesportsaspossible．17．ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph2thatcollegeathletes________．A．haveearnedwhattheyarepromisedB．tendtoservecollegelongerwhenpaidC．shouldsignacontracttomakeanagreed-uponsalaryD．prefertostayatuniversityratherthanturnprofessionals18．Theunderlinedword“camaraderie”inParagraph3issimilarto“________”．A．friendship B．competition C．spirit D．communication19．Peopleagainstpayingcollegeathletesbelieve________．A．schoolswouldbeunabletoafforditB．itcouldbeharmfultocollegesportsC．noothercollegestudentsreceivebenefitsD．studentswouldvaluepaymentsoverachievements20．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardspayingcollegeathletes?A．Uncertain． B．Satisfied． C．Unsupportive． D．Expectant．三、七選五TheyConsiderRatsLifesaversWhenpeopleheartheword“rat”,theymaythinkofdirtyanimalsthatspreaddiseases．AndifyouareanEnglishlearner,youmayalsoconnectthewordratwithbadexpressions．Forexample,callingsomeonearatisabiginsult(侮辱)and“ratrace”describesajoyless,hurriedwayofliving．21．However,therattrainersatthenonprofitorganization,APOPO,seetheseanimalsverydifferently．22．BasedinTanzania,APOPOtrainsakindofratstofindlandmines(地雷)．Andtheratswiththeirextraordinarysenseofsmellareverygoodatthejob．APOPOcallstheiranimalteamHeroRats．EllieCutrightisanAPOPOtrainerfromCharleston,SouthCarolina．TheresearchersharedherveryhighopinionsofratsinadiscussionwithVOA．23．“Everybodyshouldknowthattheseratsaren’tstupid．They’renotterribleanimals．They'rereallyintelligentandtheycanbetrainedtodosomeamazingthings．”Humanbeingshaveusedmetal-searchingdevicestodothisworkforyears．Butrats—itturnsout—doitbetter．Andtheyalsocostlessmoney．24．“Whentheratsareworkinginthefieldandtheyfindalandmine,theyscratch(撓)onthegroundandthat’showweknow．Weplacealittlemarkerthere,andthenwecangosafelytoremovethoselandminesandgetridofthem．”O(jiān)ncetrained,theratscanworkinminefieldsinTanzaniaandothercountriesaroundtheworld．25．However,theystilldonotweighenoughtocausealandminetoexplode．Cutrightpraisestheimpactoftheirwork．“IthinktheworkthatAPOPOdoesisreallyimportantinkindofspreadingthewordthatratsarenotjustapest．Theyreallyareheroesandtheyshowuseverydaythattheyareworthyofthatname．”A．So,ratsgenerallyarenotbelovedanimalseitherinlifeorintheEnglishlanguage．B．Worldwidethereare110millionhiddenlandminesleftoverfromwars．C．Aratisananimalthatlookslikealargemousewithalongtail．D．Shewantseveryonetoknowhowusefultheseanimalsare．E．Thiskindofratsarelargecomparedtootherkindsofrats．F．Cutrightexplainshowthesearchprocess(過(guò)程)works．G．Theyconsiderrats“l(fā)ifesavers”四、書(shū)面表達(dá)26.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高一學(xué)生李華。你班即將為一月份過(guò)生日的同學(xué)舉辦集體慶?；顒?dòng)。請(qǐng)你代表全班同學(xué)給外教MrBrown寫(xiě)一封英文郵件，邀請(qǐng)他參加。內(nèi)容包括：1．告知活動(dòng)信息；2．詢(xún)問(wèn)參加意向。注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；2．開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearMrBrown,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。WhiletheInternetcanbringpeopleclosertogether,itcanalsoharmfriendships．Talkingonlinethroughascreenmakesitharderforpeopletoconcentrateorshowfriendliness27．others．Asisknowntoall,importantsocialskillsaredevelopedthroughdirectcontactwithotherpeople．Besides,theInternet28．(make)peopleself-centred．Somepeopleareonlyconcernedwiththeironlinepopularity．Theypaytoomuchattentiontothenumberof“l(fā)ikes”orfollowers,29．wouldn’tcontributetomeaningfulrelationships．Additionally,duetolackofbasisoftrust,onlinerelationshipscanbeparticularly30．(danger)forpeoplewhoareeasilyinfluencedortootrusting．閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Alicestoodherehelplessbeforethisangryman．Therewasalotmoreshewouldliketohavesaid,31．sheknewitwasuseless．Sheturnedandwalkedoutofthestudy,feeling32．(disappoint)．“Iamgoingtodosomethingaboutthischild．”shetold33．(her),“AlthoughIdon’tknowwhatitwillbe,Ishallfindawaytohelpthechildintheend．”閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。WhenIfirstheardabouttheimprovisation(即興表演)classes,Iwasstressed．Asashygirl,Ifearedgettingonstage．However,IknewI34．(want)toworkasasciencecommunicatorafterfinishingmydegree,soitseemedliketheperfectopportunity35．(improve)myspeakingabilityandgainconfidencethinkingonmyfeet．Isignedupandknewthattheexperience36．(take)mewelloutsidemycomfortzone(舒適區(qū))inthefuture．參考答案1-10【解析】1．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一門(mén)科學(xué)課，在這里學(xué)習(xí)既簡(jiǎn)單又有趣。A．learning學(xué)習(xí)；B．writing寫(xiě)，書(shū)寫(xiě)；C．testing測(cè)試；D．listening傾聽(tīng)。根據(jù)后文“Wedon’thavetoburyourselvesinahugetextbookorlistentoateacherlectureaboutsomethingwedon’tcareabout”(我們不必埋頭于一本龐大的教科書(shū)中，也不必聽(tīng)老師講一些我們不關(guān)心的事情)可知，此處是指在這門(mén)課上學(xué)習(xí)既簡(jiǎn)單又有趣。故選A。2．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的閱讀能力一直很弱，一點(diǎn)也沒(méi)有提高。A．serious嚴(yán)肅的；B．regular規(guī)律的；C．careless粗心的；D．weak不擅長(zhǎng)，（能力）弱的。根據(jù)“wasn’tgettinganybetter”可知，此處是指閱讀能力一直很弱。故選D。3．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一天放學(xué)后，我和媽媽第一次去圖書(shū)館上家教課。A．favorite最喜歡的；B．first第一的；C．dull遲鈍的；D．long長(zhǎng)的。根據(jù)“Ihadnoideawhowastutoringme”(我不知道是誰(shuí)教我)可知，這是第一次家教課。故選B。4．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們做的第一件事就是玩一個(gè)游戲來(lái)了解彼此，消除我們的緊張情緒。A．strangeness陌生；B．loneliness孤獨(dú)，寂寞；C．tiredness疲勞；D．nervousness緊張。根據(jù)“playingagametogettoknoweachother”可知，此處是指兩人第一次見(jiàn)面有些緊張尷尬，所以玩一個(gè)游戲來(lái)熟悉彼此。故選D。5．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我選了一本關(guān)于遙控汽車(chē)的雜志。A．collection收集；B．survey調(diào)查；C．newspaper報(bào)紙；D．magazine雜志。根據(jù)后文“ShetoldmeeventhoughIwasreadingamagazine”(她告訴我，盡管我在閱讀雜志)可知，此處是指挑了一本雜志。故選D。6考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我心想，這會(huì)有多糟糕？A．turned轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；B．came來(lái)到；C．smiled微笑；D．thought思考。根據(jù)“howbadcoulditbe”可知，此處是指“我”心里想。故選D。7考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她告訴我，即使我在閱讀雜志，我還是在閱讀。A．just只是；B．a(chǎn)lways總是；C．still還是；D．right恰好。根據(jù)“eventhoughIwasreadingamagazine”可知，此處是指“我”還是在閱讀。故選C。8考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：讀完第一本雜志后，她挑了一本她喜歡的書(shū)。A．liked喜歡；B．wrote寫(xiě)；C．bought購(gòu)買(mǎi)；D．closed關(guān)閉。根據(jù)前文“WealsowentaroundthelibraryandIgottopickoutabookIwantedtoread”(我們還參觀(guān)了圖書(shū)館，我挑選了一本我想讀的書(shū))可知，此處是指她在圖書(shū)館里挑了一本她喜歡的書(shū)。故選A。9考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著我的閱讀速度越來(lái)越快，我能夠在過(guò)去閱讀一章的時(shí)間內(nèi)閱讀兩章。A．louder更大聲的；B．happier更開(kāi)心的；C．faster更快的；D．freer更自由的。根據(jù)“Iwasabletoreadtwochaptersinthesameamountoftimeasitusedtotakemetoreadonechapter”可知，此處是指閱讀速度更快。故選C。10考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：閱讀是高中和大學(xué)里取得成功最重要的事情之一。A．Co-operating合作；B．Reading閱讀；C．Self-studying自學(xué)；D．Speaking演講。根據(jù)后文“Ifitwerenotforher,IwouldnotbethereaderIamtodayandIthankherforthat”(如果沒(méi)有她，我就不會(huì)成為今天的閱讀者，我為此感謝她)可知，此處是指閱讀是高中和大學(xué)里取得成功最重要的事情之一。故選B?！敬鸢浮?．A2．D3．B4．D5．D6D7C8A9C10B11-13【解析】11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四句“Besides,hyggeisalsoaboutlearningtobehappywithsimplethings．(此外，hygge也是關(guān)于學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單的事情感到快樂(lè)的生活方式)”可知，如果一個(gè)人想要享受簡(jiǎn)單而快樂(lè)的生活，Hygge這種生活方式會(huì)適合他。故選A。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“ComingfromJapan,wabisabiisaboutfindingbeautyinimperfection．(來(lái)自日本的wabisabi，致力于在不完美中尋找美)”可知，wabisabi這種生活方式需要在不完美的生活中發(fā)現(xiàn)美。故選A。13．推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了四種不同的生活方式，根據(jù)標(biāo)題“WelcomingNewLifestyles(迎接新的生活方式)”可知，這篇文章最有可能出現(xiàn)在流行雜志上。故選D?！敬鸢浮?1．A12．A13．D14-16【解析】14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章前兩段的敘述及“Thewarmthofhermumanddad’swelcomeforpoorguestsatthecoldesttimeoftheyearinspiredthe69-year-oldgrandmothertospreadherownseasonaljoy．(在一年中最寒冷的時(shí)候，她的父母熱情地歡迎貧窮的客人，這激發(fā)了這位69歲的祖母?jìng)鞑プ约旱墓?jié)日喜悅)”可知，前兩段主要告訴我們GloriaStewart的善舉受到了她父母的啟發(fā)。故選D。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段第二句“SoIwasdeterminednooneelseshouldbearthelonelinessandhardshipIhadsuffered．(因此，我下定決心，任何人都不應(yīng)忍受我所遭受的孤獨(dú)和苦難)”和第三句“Havingbattledcancerthreetimes,GloriabecameevenmoredeterminedtomakesureChristmaswasnotcloudedbysadness．(Gloria曾三次與癌癥作斗爭(zhēng)，她更加下定決心確保圣誕節(jié)不會(huì)被悲傷籠罩)”可知，Gloria艱苦的生活經(jīng)歷使得她如此堅(jiān)定。故選C。16．主旨大意題。本文主要講述的是Gloria自2007年以來(lái)，每年都會(huì)為獨(dú)自過(guò)節(jié)的老人組織HomeAloneevent，大家聚在一起用餐。根據(jù)“HerHomeAloneeventhaslasteduptonow．(她的HomeAloneevent活動(dòng)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在)”及“NowtheHomeAloneeventhasgrowntoservingturkeylunchtoover500happyguests．(現(xiàn)在，HomeAloneevent活動(dòng)已經(jīng)發(fā)展到為500多名幸福的客人提供火雞午餐)”中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的“HomeAloneevent”可知，“AHomeAloneEvent”適合作本文的標(biāo)題。故選A。【答案】14．D15．C16．A17-20【解析】17．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Additionally,peoplewhobelievecollegeathletesshouldbepaidstatethatpayingcollegeathleteswillactuallyencouragethemtoremainincollegelongerandnotturnprofessionalsasquickly,(此外，那些認(rèn)為應(yīng)該給大學(xué)運(yùn)動(dòng)員發(fā)工資的人表示，給大學(xué)運(yùn)動(dòng)員發(fā)工資實(shí)際上會(huì)鼓勵(lì)他們?cè)诖髮W(xué)呆得更久，而不是更快地成為專(zhuān)業(yè)人士)”可知，大學(xué)運(yùn)動(dòng)員被給予報(bào)酬后，可能傾向于繼續(xù)在大學(xué)服務(wù)。故選B。18．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句中的“ifplayersbecomeunhappythatcertainteammatesaremakingmoremoneythantheyare．(如果球員對(duì)某些隊(duì)友賺的錢(qián)比他們多而感到不高興)”可推知，當(dāng)隊(duì)友之間因?yàn)槭杖氩煌a(chǎn)生不愉快時(shí)，就會(huì)影響到團(tuán)隊(duì)之間的團(tuán)結(jié)和友誼，由此可猜測(cè)“harmthecamaraderie”中的“camaraderie”與“friendship”同義，表示“友情；同事情誼”。故選A。19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Peoplewhoargueagainsttheideaofpayingcollegeathletesbelievethepracticecouldbedisastrousforcollegesports．(反對(duì)向大學(xué)運(yùn)動(dòng)員付費(fèi)的人認(rèn)為這種做法可能會(huì)給大學(xué)體育帶來(lái)災(zāi)難)”可知，持反對(duì)意見(jiàn)的人們認(rèn)為給大學(xué)運(yùn)動(dòng)員支付薪酬會(huì)對(duì)大學(xué)體育造成損害。故選B。20．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Whilebothsideshavegoodpoints,it’sclearthatthenegativesofpayingcollegeathletesfaroutweighthepositives．(盡管雙方都有各自的道理，但顯然，給大學(xué)運(yùn)動(dòng)員發(fā)工資的負(fù)面影響遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于正面影響)”可知，作者認(rèn)為負(fù)面影響大于正面影響，也就是說(shuō)作者不支持給大學(xué)運(yùn)動(dòng)員發(fā)工資。故選C?！敬鸢浮?7．B18．A19．B20．C21-25【解析】21．前文“Whenpeopleheartheword“rat”,theymaythinkofdirtyanimalsthatspreaddiseases．AndifyouareanEnglishlearner,youmayalsoconnectthewordratwithbadexpressions．(當(dāng)人們聽(tīng)到“老鼠”這個(gè)詞時(shí)，他們可能會(huì)想到傳播疾病的骯臟動(dòng)物。如果你是一個(gè)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者，你也可能會(huì)把rat這個(gè)詞和不好的表達(dá)聯(lián)系起來(lái))”介紹了rat在生活和語(yǔ)言中都有不好的名聲，A項(xiàng)“So,ratsgenerallyarenotbelovedanimalseitherinlifeorintheEnglishlanguage．(因此，無(wú)論是在生活中還是在英語(yǔ)中，老鼠通常都不是受人喜愛(ài)的動(dòng)物)”是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)。故選A。22．根據(jù)前文“However,therattrainersatthenonprofitorganization,APOPO,seetheseanimalsverydifferently．(然而，非營(yíng)利組織APOPO的老鼠訓(xùn)練員對(duì)這些動(dòng)物的看法卻大不相同)”可知，APOPO的訓(xùn)練員們不認(rèn)為老鼠是不好的動(dòng)物，G項(xiàng)“Theyconsiderrats“l(fā)ifesavers”(他們視老鼠為“救星”)”進(jìn)一步闡述他們對(duì)老鼠的看法，承接上文。故選G。23．后文Cutright所說(shuō)的話(huà)“Everybodyshouldknowthattheseratsaren’tstupid．They’renotterribleanimals．They'rereallyintelligentandtheycanbetrainedtodosomeamazingthings．(每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該知道這些老鼠并不愚蠢。它們不是可怕的動(dòng)物。它們真的很聰明，可以訓(xùn)練它們做一些令人驚奇的事情)”是對(duì)D項(xiàng)“Shewantseveryonetoknowhowusefultheseanimalsare．(她想讓每個(gè)人都知道這些動(dòng)物是多么有幫助)”的解釋和延伸。故選D。24．根據(jù)后文“Whentheratsareworkinginthefieldandtheyfindalandmine,theyscratch(撓)onthegroundandthat’showweknow．Weplacealittlemarkerthere,andthenwecangosafelytoremovethoselandminesandgetridofthem．(當(dāng)老鼠在野外工作時(shí)，它們發(fā)現(xiàn)了地雷，就會(huì)在地上抓撓，這樣我們就知道了。我們?cè)谀抢锓胖靡粋€(gè)小標(biāo)記，然后就可以安全地