高考英語(yǔ)專題閱讀理解之詞義猜測(cè)題解

題技法學(xué)生版

閱讀理解之詞義猜測(cè)題解題技法

一.設(shè)問(wèn)方式

Bysayingthat…"inthefirst(second...)paragraph,theauthormeansthat________.

InParagraph…"canbereplacedby“

Themeaningof”…"inParagraph...isrelatedto.

Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningto...(Paragraph...)?

AsisusedinLine…，theword”…"refersto________.

Theunderlinedsentenceinthe...paragraphprobablymeansthat.

二.詞義猜測(cè)題7大猜詞技巧

要做好詞義猜測(cè)題，考生除了必須熟練掌握《考試大綱》規(guī)定的詞匯外，在平時(shí)的

訓(xùn)練中還要注意積累生詞和短語(yǔ)，掌握構(gòu)詞法的基本知識(shí)，對(duì)于各種前、后綴的變化形

式了然于心，還要學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行合理推測(cè)，掌握一定的解題技巧。

1.根據(jù)定義或上下文解釋進(jìn)行猜測(cè)

有時(shí)短文中出現(xiàn)一個(gè)需要猜測(cè)其意義的詞或短語(yǔ)，下面接著出現(xiàn)其定義或解釋。標(biāo)

點(diǎn)符號(hào)，如逗號(hào)后的解釋(名詞同位語(yǔ))、破折號(hào)后的解釋、括號(hào)內(nèi)的解釋等。這都是判

斷該詞或短語(yǔ)意義的主要依據(jù)。例如：

①Annealingisawayofmakingmetalsofterbyhealingi(and(henlettingi(cool

veryslowly.

句子給予了annealing—個(gè)明確的定義，即“退火”。

(2)11willbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle—thatis,itwillbreakeasily.

從thatis(也就是說(shuō))后的解釋中我們可以了解到，brittle是“脆的”意思c

③Theherdsman,v/holooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.

定語(yǔ)從句中l(wèi)ooksaftersheep就表明了herdsman的詞義為“牧人”。

④Theweatherinthisareaistreacherous;itssuddenchangesoftenendanger

thelivesofsailors.

分號(hào)后的句子在解釋什么樣的天氣是treacherous,suddenchange與

treacherous在語(yǔ)義上相對(duì)應(yīng)，因此含義是“突變的”。

⑤Somegoodreadersfindithelpfultousetheirsensetovisualize一

orpicture—what(heyread.

visualize的意思由破折號(hào)后的picture(想象)給出了說(shuō)明，因此含義為“想象”。

?WhenPresidentTorrijosofPanamametCarter,hetriedtogivehim

afriendlyabrazo(hug).

abrazo對(duì)大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)都很陌生，但由括號(hào)內(nèi)的hug(擁抱)，我們不難推測(cè)abrazo

也是“擁抱”的意思。

例子1

Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,and

（heirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,

industrialisation,（hedevelopmentofthenationstateandihespreadofuniversal

compulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfew

decades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchas

English,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.

29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Complex.B.Advanced.

C.Powerful.D.Modern.

［分析］根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞所在句子可知，人類社會(huì)發(fā)展的很多因素導(dǎo)致許多語(yǔ)言消失，

而逐漸被英語(yǔ)、西班牙語(yǔ)、漢語(yǔ)等語(yǔ)言取代，畫(huà)線詞前后的解釋暗示了這些語(yǔ)言逐漸占

主導(dǎo)地位，故選C項(xiàng)powerfu1（強(qiáng)大的，有影響力的）。

2.根據(jù)同位關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測(cè)

閱讀中出現(xiàn)的難詞有時(shí)后面緊跟一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)，對(duì)前面的詞進(jìn)行解釋，因此可利,用同

位關(guān)系對(duì)前面的詞義或句意進(jìn)行猜測(cè)。例如：

①Theytraveledalongway,atlastgottoacastle,alargebuildingin

oldtimes.

同位語(yǔ)部分“alargebuiIdinginoldtimes”給出了castle的確切詞義，即

古時(shí)候的“城堡”。

②Weareonthenightshift—frommidnightto8a.m.—thisweek.

兩個(gè)破折號(hào)之間的短語(yǔ)很清楚地表明nightshift是“夜班”的意思。

③The“Chunncl”,atunnel（隧道）connectingEnglandandFrance,isnow

complete.

此句中"atunnel（隧道）connectingEnglandandFrancen是Chunnel的同

位語(yǔ)。因此，Chunnel指的就是英法之間的海底隧道。

例子2

!amPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcellcourier.SinceMarch2012,I'vedone89trips

ofthose,51havebeenabroad.Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells（干細(xì)胞）inmylittle

boxbecauseI'vegottwoicepacksand（hat'showlongtheylast.Inall,fromthetimethe

stemcellsareharvestedfromadonor（捐獻(xiàn)者）tothe（imetheycanbeimplantedinthe

patient,we'vegot72hoursatmost.SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.

29.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"courier“inParagraph

1?

A.providerB.deliveryman

C.collectorD.medicaldoctor

［分析］“avolunteerstemcellcourier"是“PeterHodes”的同位語(yǔ);根據(jù)文中“Ihave

42hourstocarrystemcells（干細(xì)胞）inmylittlebox”可知,PeterHodes的任務(wù)就是將

捐獻(xiàn)者捐獻(xiàn)的干細(xì)胞運(yùn)送給需要的病人，即作者是干細(xì)胞遞送員。故選擇B項(xiàng)。

3.根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法（前綴、后綴、派生等）進(jìn)行猜測(cè)

在英語(yǔ)中，有很多詞可以通過(guò)增加前綴和后綴的方式，構(gòu)成新詞。乍看起來(lái)，這個(gè)

詞可能是新詞，但在掌握了一定的構(gòu)詞知識(shí)之后，就不難猜出它的詞義。例如：

①“Ourpartiesarcaimedforchildren2to10,“Anacleriosaid,

“andtheytreveryinteractiveandcreativeinthattheybuiltasenseofdramabased

onasubject.5,

文中interactive是由前綴inter（相互的）和active（活動(dòng)的，活躍的）構(gòu)成的，

同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的意思可以判斷，該詞的含義應(yīng)是“互動(dòng)的”。

②Perhaps,wecanseesomepossibilitiesfornextfiftyyears.Butthenext

hundred?

possibility是possible的同根名詞,據(jù)此可以判斷possibility的意思是“可能性

例子3

Asilenceinaconversationmayalsoshowstubbornness,uneasiness,orworry.

［分析］根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)我們可知，un為否定前綴，ncss為名詞后綴，easy（舒適）

為詞根。因此，我們可猜測(cè)uneasiness為“不安;擔(dān)憂”之意。

4.根據(jù)因果關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測(cè)

在一篇閱讀文章中，根據(jù)原因可以預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果，根據(jù)結(jié)果也可以找出原因。例如：

①Thelackofmovementcausedthemusclestoweaken.Sometimesthe

weaknesswasDermanent.Sotheplayercouldneverplaythesportagain.

從后面的結(jié)果“永遠(yuǎn)不能再運(yùn)動(dòng)”可以推測(cè)permanent的意思為“永遠(yuǎn)的，永久

的”。

②Marydidn，tnoticemewhenIcameintotheclassroom,becauseshe

wascompletelyengrossedinherreading.

從前面的結(jié)果“當(dāng)我走進(jìn)教室時(shí)，瑪麗沒(méi)有注意到我”可以推測(cè)engrossed的意思

為“全神貫注的”。

③Ourvisionwasobscuredby（hetrees,sowecouldn'tseethelakefromour

window.

由后面的結(jié)果couldn'tsee（看不見(jiàn)）可知，我們的視線被樹(shù)遮擋?。╫bscured）了。

例子4

Ifyouhaveajuicei\youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesor

slicedfruit.Outcomesa“softserve"creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesa

funactivityforachildren'sparty;theylovefeeding（hefruitandfrozenbananasintothe

topofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.

26.Whatis"ajuicer”inthelastparagraph?

A.Adessert.B.Adrink.

C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.

［分析］該段第一句含有一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，若滿足該條件，則產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果是

第一句的后半句和第二句，“youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesor

slicedfruit.Outconicsaisoftscrvc,creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway."即“將冰凍香

蕉和其他莓類、水果片放進(jìn)去，出來(lái)的是奶油狀甜品”。由此因果關(guān)系可推知juicer指

的是榨汁機(jī)。故選擇D項(xiàng)。

5.根據(jù)上下文的指代關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測(cè)

［分析］根據(jù)該段第一句"Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects/*

可知，作者認(rèn)為成年人都理解物質(zhì)過(guò)剩的那種感覺(jué)，后面又用反問(wèn)句提出了問(wèn)題：但是,

說(shuō)到孩子們和他們的物品，我們?yōu)槭裁赐ǔＳ终J(rèn)定moreismore呢？由此推知，這里的

moreismore與前面的floodedwith為近義呼應(yīng),指“越多越好故選A。

7.根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測(cè)

根據(jù)上下句的連接詞，如but,however,otherwise等可以推斷上下文之間的邏

輯關(guān)系，從而可以依據(jù)某一句的含義，來(lái)確定另一句的含義。另外，分號(hào)也可以表示轉(zhuǎn)

折、對(duì)比或不相干的意義。例如：

①Achild'sbirthdaypartydoesn'thavetobeahassle;itcanbeabasket

offun.

從分號(hào)前后兩句的意思可以看出，hassle和abasketoffun是相反的意義，所

以不難判斷hassle的意思是“困難，麻煩”。

②Sheisusuallypromptforallherclass,buttodayshearrivedinthemiddleof

herfirstclass.

but一詞表示轉(zhuǎn)折，因此bul前后的意思正好相反。根據(jù)后半句的意思“她今天第一

節(jié)課上了一半才來(lái)”，可得出她平時(shí)一向“淮時(shí)”的結(jié)論。

③TheplayersintheWorldCupareprofessionals,whilethosewho

playinthe01ympicsmustbeamaleurs.

由于轉(zhuǎn)折詞“while”引導(dǎo)的兩個(gè)分句前后意義相反，我們可推測(cè)出amateurs是

professionals（專業(yè)人二）的反義詞，意思為“業(yè)余人士，業(yè)余選手”。

例子7…

GraywolvesoncewereseenhereandthereintheYellowstoneareaandmuchofthe

continentalUnitedStates.buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopment.By

the1920s,wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.Theywent

farthernorthintothedeepforestsofCanada,wheretherewerefewerhumansaround.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“displaced“inparagraph2mean?

A.Tested.B.Separated.

C.Forcedout.D.Trackeddown.

［分析］畫(huà)線詞的前句說(shuō)明在黃石公園和美洲大部分地區(qū)曾有許多的灰狼，連詞

but轉(zhuǎn)折了句子意義，后來(lái)由于人類的發(fā)展，灰狼數(shù)審逐漸減少，幾乎消失，由此可推

斷出畫(huà)線詞的意思為“被迫離開(kāi)”，故選擇C項(xiàng)。

2021新高考1卷

WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesand

landswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencare

ofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthe

settlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.

Millionsofwaterfowl（水禽）werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandful

ofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhouse

theever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.

In1934,with（hepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct（Act）,an

increasinglyconcernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory（遷徙

的）waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.UnderthisAct,allwaterfowl

hunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.

TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N.“Ding”Darling,apolitical

cartoonistfromDesMoines,Iowa,whoatthattimewasappointedbyPresidentFranklin

RooseveltasDirectorofIheBureauofBiologicalSurvey.Hunterswillinglypaythe

stamppricetoensure（hesurvivalofournaturalresources.

About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBird

ConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintothe

NationalWildlifeRefugeSystem—afacttliatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedand

availableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshas

goneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.Littlewonderthe

FederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservation

programseverinitiated.

28.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?

A.Lossofwetlands.B.Popularityofwatersports.

C.Pollutionofrivers.D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate”meaninthefirstparagraph?

A.Acquire.B.Export.

C.Destroy.D.Distribute.

30.WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?

A.Thestamppricehasgonedown.B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.

C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting.D.Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.

31.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

ATheFederalDuckStampStoryB.TheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem

C.TheBenefitsofSavingWaterfowlD.TheHistoryofMigratoryBirdHunting

Identifyingthechemicalmakeupofpigment（顏料jusedinancientdocuments,

paintings,andwatercolorsiscriticaltorestoringandconservingthepreciousartworks.

However,despitenumerousefforts,scientistshadbeenunabletodeterminethesourceof

folium,apopularbluedysusedtocolormanuscripts（手稿）inEuropeduringthemiddle

ages—fromthe5thtothe15thcentury.Now,researchersfromPortugalhavefinally

uncoveredthemysteriousingredientresponsibleforthegorgeousbluish-purplecolorthat

helpedbringancientillustrationstolife.

“Thisistheonlymedieval（中世名己的）colorbasedonorganicdyesthatwedidn't

haveastructurefor."saysMariaJoaoMelo,anassocia:cprofessorattheDepartmentof

ConservationandRestorationatNOVAUniversityofLisbon."Weneedtoknowwhat's

inmedievalmanuscriptillustrationsbecausewewanttopreservethesebeautifulcolors

forfuturegenerations/'

TheresearchteambeganbyporingoverinstructionspennedbyEuropeandye

makersfromthe12th,14ih,andI5（hcenturies.Theyfeundwhat（heywereseekingina

15th-centurytextentitledTheBookonHowtoMakeAl!theColorPaintsforIlluminating

Books.However,translatingtheinstructionswasnoeasytask.Itwaswritteninthenow

extinctJudaeo-Portugueselanguage,andthoughthesourceofthedyewastracedbackto

aplant,nonamewasmentioned.

However,bypiecingtogethersuggestionsfromthetext,thescientistswereableto

determinethatthedyewasmadefromthebluish-greenberriesofthechrozophora

tinctoriaplant.Afteranextensivesearch,theteamfoundafewvarietiesoftheplant

growingalongtheroadsidenearthetownofMonsarazinsouthPortugal.

Thedetailedinstructionsgavetheresearcherscriticalcluestosuccessfullyrecreate

(hedye."Youneedtosqueezethefruits,beingcarefulnottobreaktheseeds,andthento

putthemonlinen(亞麻布)Thescientistsaysthedetailwasimportantsincebroken

seedspolluted(hepigment,producinganinferiorqualityink.Thedyedlinen,whichwas

lefttodry,wasanefficientwaytostoreandtransportthepigmentduringancienttimes.

Whenneeded,theartistwouldsimplycutoffapieceoftheclothanddipitwithwaterto

squeezeoutthebluecolor.

Oncethekeyingredienthadbeenidentified,theresearchersbeganthenextstepand

theprimarypurposeoftheirstudy—determiningthedye'schemicalstructure.Totheir

surprise,theyfoundthatfoliumwasnotlikeanyotherknownpermanentbluedyes—it

wasanentirelynewclassofcolor,onetheynamedchrozophoridin.t€Chrozophoridinwas

oftenusedinancienttimestomakeabeautifulbluedyeforpainting.theteamwrotein

thestudy.Now,theresearcherscanfurtherstudythestabilityofthedye,aswellashowit

respondstofactorsthatrr.aywearandbreakitdownovertime."Thisisessentialifwe

desiretomakethesecolorslastforever—oratleastaslongaspossible,“Melosaid.

27.Accordingtothepassage,foliumis.

A.anancientpaintingB.anorganicbluepigment

C.acolorfulmanuscriptD.amysteriousingredient

28.Theunderlinedphrase“poringover''inPara.3probablymeans.

A.followingstrictlyB.testingrepeatedly

C.discussingpubliclyD.readingcarefully

29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Foliumcanbestoredandusedeasily.

B.Foliumwassqueezedfrombrokenseeds.

C.Thestabilityoffoliumhasbeenconfirmedbyresearchers.

D.Thechemicalstructureoffoliumresemblesthatofotherdyes.

30.Whichwouldbe(hebesttitleforthispassage?

A.Whatshouldbedonetomakeancientbluedyeslast.

B.Whenandwherethediscoveryofthedyewasmade.

C.Whytheresearcherstookthetroubletostudythedye.

D.Howthemysteryofa1000-year-oldbluedyewassolved.

Iwassittingalmykitchentabletheotherdaywithapen,notebook,calculatorar.da

pileofbills.Iwasdoingmymonthlybudget.Therewerebillsforelectricwater,rent,

insurance,thecarpayment,thephonebill,andthecablebill.Plusmoneyneededtobeset

asideforfood,gas,clothesandhopefullyalittleleftovertosaveforthoseunexpected

billsthatalwaysseemedioshowup.WhenIwasdone,Ishookmyhead,closedmyeyes

andthoughtofatimelongagowhenIwouldregularlygettreasures.

WhenIwasaboy,welivedacrosstheroadfromCampCaesar.Itheldweeklong

campsallthroughthesummerandmygrandmawhoIlovinglycalled“Nanny“workedin

herbigkitchen.Irememberslippingtheregettingasmile,ahug,akissanda

hotrollfromNanny.Thenshewouldalwaystakedeepinherpocketsandpullouta

treasure,ashinyquarter.ShewouldgiveittomeandIwouldrundownthehilltoeither

getanicccoldcanofcokefromthepopmachineorIwouldheadtothecamp's

swimmingpoolwhereIcouldbuyawarmcupofcherrycokefor15centsandatiny10

centbagofchipsfromastand.Ilookmylimebecauseitwasalwaysabigdecision.It

wasnicetoofeelingsorichforafewminutes.

LookingbacknowIcanseethattherealtreasurewasnot(hequarteratall.Itwasthe

lovewithwhichNannygaveittome.IwouldhavestillvisitedheratworkeverydayifI

hadnevergottenasinglequarter.Itwashersmile,hugs,andkissesthatwerepricelessin

myheartthenandnow.

Theoldsayingistrue,"Withyourworkyoucanmakealiving,butitiswithyour

lovethatyoumakealife."Youcanalwayswelcomeloveintoyourheart,soulandmind.

Andyoucanalwaysshareyourlovewithothers.Ilisthatonetreasurethatlastsforever.

4.According(oParagraphI,whatwastheauthortryingtofigureout?

A.Wheretogettreasures.B.Whatfoodandsuppliestobuy.

C.Howtosortoutthesebillsathand.D.Howtobalancethemoneyavailable.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“roll”inParagraph2referto?

A.AkindofbreadB.Akindofact.

C.Asound.D.Agreeting.

6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesNanny?

A.Considerate.B.Generous.

C.Affectionate.D.Enthusiastic.

7.Whydoestheauthormention(heoldsayinginthelastParagraph?

A.Tochangepeople'sheartandsoul.

B.Toshowwhatweshouldvalueinlife.

C.Toexplainworkandlovecanmakealife.

D.Toadvisemoreloveandsharinginchildhood.

-四

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Worstthingaboutthejob:Longhoursandanunpredictableworkschedulemean

it'sdifficulttohaveafamilylife.Butlersalsosufferfromisolationandcultural

differenceswiththeiremployerandtheymaybeobligedtoworkfbrpeoplewhoaren't

alwaysnice.

60.Whichofthefollowingistrueofabutler?

A.Acourseatatrainingcollegeisamustinordertogetthejob.

B.Abutlershouldbeable（otailorhisservicetohisclients.

C.Malebutlersarcfavoredoverfemaleones.

D.Thereisnoceilingofsalary.

61.Theunderlinedword'thriveson“inthepassageprobablymeans.

A.isremindedof.

B.iscapableof.

C.isconvincedof.

D.isinfavourof.

62.Whichisnotthedownsideofbeingabutler?

A.Culturalmisunderstandingmayarise.

B.Thejobmaymakeone'sfamilylifedifficult.

C.Sometimestheyhavetoworkforimpoliteclients.

D.Theymayenjoythecompanyofhisorherclients.

五

AsmallbowlboughtatayardsaleinConnecticutforjust$35hasbeenidentifiedas

arare15th-centuryChineseantique.

Theblue-and-whitebowlwasmadebyChina'sroyalcourtduringtheMingdynasty.

Itisnowexpectedtosellforupto$500,000,accordingtoSotheby'sauclion（拍賣）house

inNewYork,wheretheauctionwilllakeplacenextmonth.

ThepurchasewasmadelastyearnearNewHaven,Connecticut.t4Iwasjusthanging

aroundthereaimlessly.ButwhenIsawthisbowl,1didn'tevenbargainoverthe$35

askingprice,“theownersaid.Shortlyafterthepurchase,hesentphotosofthebowlto

auctionspecialists,whoidentifieditasanitemofhistoricalsignificance.

Uponcloserinspection,theartifactwasfoundtohaveoriginatedfromtheperiodof

YongleEmperor,whoruledfrom1403to1424-aperiodnotedforitsdistinctive

porcelain（瓷器）techniques.It'snowvaluedbetween$300,000and$500,000,withthetop

estimatenearly14,300timestheamountitwaspurchasedfor.

“Iwasdeeplyattractedbythetechniques.Youcanseewhythisbowlissohighly-

valucdfromtheverysmoothporcelainbody,silkyglaze（上釉）andspecialbluecoloring,

whichwereneverreproducedinlaterdynasties,nMcAtccr,anauctionspecialist,said.

“TheYongleEmpercrimprovedtheporcelaintechniquesandelevatedthe

importanceofporcelainfrombeinganordinarybowlintoa（rueworkofart.Thissmall

bowlhasbothpracticalandartisticvalue,“McAtccrsaid.

4.Whatcanweinferaboutthebowl'sowner?

A.Hefoundthebowlbyaccident

B.Hehesitatedduringthepurchase.

C.Hedoubtedwhetherthehowlwasreal.

D.Heboughtthebowlbecauseitwascheap.

5.Whatmakesthebowlsoprecious?

A.Thebluecoloronit.B.Thelonghistoryithas.

C.Thepeoplewhomadeit.D.Theuniquetechniquesused.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“elevated”inPaiagiaph6probablymean?

A.Forsaw.B.Promoled.

C.Assessed.D.Acknowledged.

7.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?

A.AnAmazingBowlB.ASpecialYardSale

C.TheReturnofPorcelainsD.AManMakingFortune

六

IndonesianuniversitystudentTyasSisianinditaspendsabouteighthoursadayonher

phone.Thattimeincludeswatchingvideos,chattingwi:hfriendsandusingsocialmedia.

"Atnight,whenIcan'tsleep,Icanusemyphoneforuptofivehours,"shesaid,noting

shechecksherphonecountlesstimesfrommorninguntilnight.Sheevenchecksitwhile

inclass.

Tyasgoes（otheUniversityofIndonesia,whereateamofstudentsrecently

developedadevicemeanttofightphoneaddiction.Thestudentsspentthreemonths

creatingthedevice,whichcanhelpinternetuserslikeTyasdiminishtimetheyspend

lookingattheirphones.

InventorIrfanBudiSatrialedthedevelopmentteam.Thedeviceiscalled“Ncttox”,

whichcombinesthewords"internet"and"detox（排毒）Userswearitontheirarm.The

devicehasasensorthatmeasureshemoglobin（紅蛋白）oxygenlevelsandchangestothe

heartratecalledHRV.Studieshavefoundthatusingamobilephoneforlonghourscan

lowerHRVlevels.TheNettoxdevicemakesasoundwhenHRVandbloodoxygenlevels

fall,whichremindswearerslostopusingtheirphones.

Forpeoplebetweentheagesof18and25,theHRVshouldstayabove60.Atarecent

trial,Tyas'HRVreadingwas44.

InternetaddictionisagrowingsocialissueinIndonesia.InOctober,twoteenagers

weretreatedfortheiraddictiontointernetgaming,mediareported.

IrfanBudiSatria'steamisworkingtoimproveNctiox'saccuracy.HRVreadingscan

changedependingonwhethertheuserisamanorwoman,andwhattheirbodyshapeand

healthconditionsare.

Theteamaimstogetapatentfortheirinventionwiththeuniversitybynextyear.

IrfansaysNettoxisforpeoplealreadytryingtochangetheirbehavior."Ourgoalisto

helppeoplewhowantlofreethemselvesfrominternetaddiction,"hesaid.

24.WhatcanwcicarnaboutTyasfromParagraph1?

A.Sheoftensleepslate.B.Sheoftenskipsclasses.

C.Sheisaddicted（ophones.D.Sheisskilledin（hemedia.

25.Whichwordmayreplacetheunderlinedword“diminish"inParagraph2?

A.Kill.B.Treasure.C.Record.D.Reduce.

26.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A.Howthedeviceworks.B.WhereNettoxisfrom.

C.Whenuserswearthedevice.D.WhyhemoglobinchangeswithHRV.

27.Whatistheteamfocusingonnowaccordingtothetext?

A.Applyingforapatent.B.Sellingfreephoneaddicts.

C.Betteringthedevice'saccuracy.D.Studyinginternetaddiction.

七

WhenErinShieldssang"BeingAlive,napopularsongfromtheBroadwayshow

“Company,“thesonghadextralevelsofmeaning.

ShieldsandherhusbandDavidShentonaretouringmusicians.Theycouldnot

performaroundtheworldduringthecoronaviruspandemic.Sotheybroadcastvirtual

concertsfromhometoraisemoneyfortheMosaicWestQueensChurchinNewYork

City.Theconcertsbroughtthousandsofdollarstothechurchtohelpfeedhungrypeople

livingin(heneighborhood.Theyalsogaveihetwomusiciansachance(ocontinuetheir

artisticlives.

Itbeganwhentheysawthelonglinesofpeoplewaitingforfoodoutsidethechurch

near(heirhome.SeveraloftheirfriendshadlostjobsafterBroadway(heatersclosed.

Andtheyfelttheneedtohelp.

InSeptember,theyvolunteeredatthechurchtogiveawayboxesoffoodtofamilies

(wolimesaweek.Aslimezxxkpassed,theyfelltheneed(odomoreforothersduring

thepandemic."I'mnotadoctor...Idon'treallyhavemuchtooffer.Butyouknow,wc

canperform,saidShields.

SheisanoperasingerfromtheAmericanstateofIllinois.HerhusbandShentonisa

Britishcomposer,pianistandviolinist.Andtheirartisticfriendswerewillingtojoinfora

goodcause.

“WehavealltheseconnectionstoBroadwaysingersoutsideoftheirworkon

Broadway,sowewantedtocapitalizeonthat,“Shentor.said.

Duringarecentvirtualconcert,smilingfamilies,watchingontheircomputersat

home,clappedandsangalong.AmongtheperformerswereBroadwaymusiciansknown

fortheirworkinshowssuchas"Hamilton"and"TheLittleMermaid“aswellas"Les

Miserablcs.”

ShieldssaidvolunteeringbecameespeciallyimportantlastyearwhenNewYork

turnedintothecenterofthepandemic.4*Ifyou'refeelinglow,volunteer,givebackto

otherpeople,becauseitwillmakeyoufeelbetter/'Shieldssaid.

21.WhatcanwelearnaboutErinShields?

A.Shefoundanewjobduringthepandemic.

B.Thesong“BeingAlive,,madehermorepopular.

C.Shegaveupherartisticlifetohelphungrypeople.

D.Virtualconcertsenabledhertocontinueherperformance.

22.Whatdocstheunderlinedphrase“capitalizeon”inparagraph6probablymean?

A.Takeadvantageof.

B.Keeptrackof.

C.Getthehangof.

D.Makealistof.

23.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.VolunteeringMakesPeopleFeelBetter

B.MusiciansRaiseMoneytoFeedNeighbors

C.MusicGivesPeopleStrengthtoPullThrough

D.FoodSupplyBecomestooLowinNewYork

A

Self-drivingcarsarejustaroundthecorner.Suchvehicleswillmakegettingfrom

oneplacetoanothersafeiandlessstressful.Theyalsocouldcutdownontraffic,reduce

pollutionandlimitaccidents.Buthowshoulddriverlesscarshandleemergencies（突發(fā)情

況）？Peopledisagreeontheanswer.Andthatmightputthebrakesonthistechnology,a

newstudyconcludes.

Tounderstandthechallenge,imagineacarthatsuddenlymeetssomepedestriansin

theroad.Evenwithbraking,it'stoolatetoavoidacrash.Sothecar'sartificial

intelligencemustdecidewhethertoswerve（急轉(zhuǎn)彎）.Tosave