Unit2HomeSweetHome語法專項講練人教版八年級英語上冊一、語法核心知識點（一）定義情態(tài)動詞是本身有一定詞義，能表達說話人情緒、態(tài)度或語氣的動詞，不能單獨作謂語，需與其他動詞原形構成謂語。常見詞匯：can、could、may、might、must、haveto、should、needn't等。（二）特征1.有詞義但不能單獨作謂語，需與行為動詞或系動詞原形連用。2.無人稱和數(shù)的變化（haveto除外，第三人稱單數(shù)用hasto）。3.后接動詞原形。4.可構成否定句、疑問句及簡明答語。（三）核心用法1.can：表能力（能、會）、請求許可（可以）、客觀可能性（可能會）。2.could：can的過去式（表過去能力）、委婉請求/建議（非過去式），回答用can/can't。3.may：表請求許可（比can正式）、可能性（可能）、祝愿（愿）。4.might：表可能性（比may語氣弱），用于肯定句和否定句。5.must：表必須（否定回答用needn't/don'thaveto）、禁止（mustn't）、肯定推測（一定）。6.haveto：表客觀必要性（不得不），強調外界要求。（四）表推測的用法1.must：肯定句中表“一定”，否定推測用can't（不可能）。2.can：疑問句中表“可能”，can't表否定推測（不可能）。3.may/might/could：表把握不大的推測（可能），maynot/mightnot表“可能不”。4.結構：情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形（對現(xiàn)在/將來推測）、情態(tài)動詞+be+ving（對正在進行的推測）、情態(tài)動詞+have+ved（對過去的推測）。二、鞏固練習練習一：單項選擇1.Mylittlesister______speakEnglishwhenshewasthree,butnowshecantalkwithforeigners.A.canB.couldC.mayD.must2.—______Iuseyourdictionarytolookupanewword?—Sure,hereyouare.A.MustB.ShouldC.MayD.Haveto3.You______runacrosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightisred.It'stoodangerous.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.canD.may4.—Mustwehandinourhomeworkbeforeclasstomorrow?—No,you______.Youcangiveittomethisafternoon.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.can'tD.shouldn't5.Tom______beathomenow.Hisbikeisstillintheschoolparkinglot.A.mustB.mayC.can'tD.might6.Lisa______finishherhomeworkearlytodaybecausehermomwilltakehertothezoo.A.hastoB.mustC.canD.should7.—______youplaythepianoforusattheparty?—Sorry,Ican't.Ihaven'tpracticedforalongtime.A.MayB.CanC.MustD.Should8.Thestorybook______belongtoLily.Isawherreadingityesterday.A.can'tB.mustC.mightD.could9.It'scloudyoutside.It______rainthisevening,sotakeanumbrellawithyou.A.mustB.can'tC.mightD.should10.—Couldyoupleasehelpmecarrythisboxtotheclassroom?—Yes,I______.A.couldB.canC.mightD.must練習二：用must/might/could/can't填空1.Theredschoolbag______beLucy's.Shelostonewitharabbitpatternyesterday.2.Thispairofshoes______beMike's.Hewearssize44,butthesearesize38.3.Thenotebook______beTom'sorSam's.Bothofthemhavethesamestyle.4.It______beCindy'spencilcase.Shealwaysusesablueonewithstars.5.Thebasketball______beJack's.Hedoesn'tlikeplayingsportsatall.6.Someoneissinginginthemusicroom.It______beAlice.Shehasabeautifulvoice.7.Themathbook______belongtoourteacher.Therearesometeachingnotesonit.8.Thatumbrella______bemine.Ileftmineathomethismorning.9.Thepetdog______beLily's.Sheoftentakesawhitedogforawalkafterschool.10.Thekey______beinmyschoolbag,butI'mnotsure.Letmecheck.練習三：補全句子1.Thisbike____________Daming's.Herodeittoschoolyesterday.（一定是）?2.Thatgirl__________________mightbeournewclassmate.（戴眼鏡的）?3.He____________latebecausehealwaysarrivesatschooltenminutesearly.（不可能）4.______I______yourpentodomyhomework?（可以借）?5.Allstudents____________theschoolrules.（必須遵守）?6.She____________veryhighwhenshewasyoung.（能跳）?7.It____________tomorrow,sowe'dbetternotplanapicnic.（可能下雪）?8.You____________finishalltheworktoday.Therewillbetimetomorrow.（不必）?9.Thatman____________Mr.Li.HehasgonetoShanghaionbusiness.（不可能是）?10.______you______goodgradesinthisEnglishexam!（愿取得）練習四：根據(jù)句意用適當?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞填空（10小題）1.—______youswimintheswimmingpool?—Yes,Ican.Ilearneditlastsummer.2.We______bequietinthelibrary.It'saruleforeveryone.3.—MustIcleanmyroomrightnow?—No,you______.Youcandoitafterdinner.4.Mymomisill,soI______stayathometotakecareofher.5.—Couldyoutellmethewaytothenearesthospital?—Ofcourse,I______.Gostraightandturnleftatthefirstcrossing.6.You______eattoomuchjunkfood.It'sbadforyourhealth.7.Thebaby______behungry.Shehasbeencryingforhalfanhour.8.I______speakFrenchwhenIwasachild,butnowI'veforgottenmostofit.9.—______Ileavetheclassroomforafewminutes?—Yes,youmay,butebacksoon.10.Thedoorislocked.They______notbeathomenow.練習五：從方框中選擇合適的詞填空（can、can't、mustn't、needn't、should）1.You______drinkwaterfromthetapdirectly.It'snotsafe.2.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,you______practicespeakingeveryday.3.—DoIneedtobringmyownumbrella?—No,you______.Wehaveextraoneshere.4.Mybrother______playtheguitarverywell.Hehaslearneditforfiveyears.5.Accordingtotheschoolrules,students______wearearringsornecklaces.6.It'sgettingdark.We______gohomenow,orourparentswillworry.7.—______youhelpmesolvethismathproblem?—Sorry,Ican't.Maybeyoucanaskourteacherforhelp.8.You______worryabouttheexam.You'vepreparedwellforit.9.Drivers______stopattheredlight.It'satrafficrule.10.She______beournewteacher.Shelookstooyoungtobeateacher.參考答案練習一：單項選擇1.B2.C3.A4.B5.C6.A7.B8.B9.C10.B練習二：用must/might/could/can't填空1.must2.can't3.might/could4.might/could5.can't6.might/could7.must8.can't9.might/could10.might/could練習三：補全句子1.mustbe2.withglasses3.can'tbe4.May;borrow5.mustfollow6.couldjump7.mightrain8.