2026屆新高考英語沖刺突破復習特殊句式

1一.祈使句

2二.強調句3三.倒裝句4四.感嘆句目錄5五.省略句一.祈使句祈使句的4種句式①含有第二人稱主語的祈使句：肯定句：動詞原形(＋賓語＋其他成分)eg：Makesureyouturnoffthelightsandthecomputer.否定句：Don’t/Never+動詞原形（eg：Nevergiveup.）②Be＋表語，如：Behonest.含有第一、三人稱主語的祈使句肯定句：Letme/us/him…dosth.Eg:Let’sseethemovietogetherifyoudon’tlikeit.否定句：Letme/us/him….notdosth.祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋簡單句此結構三個考點：

1.祈使句動詞用原形2.祈使句與簡單句為順承關系，用and，如表“否則”用or或otherwise。3.簡單句謂語用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來時（willdo）形式。Studyhard，_______youwillmakegreatprogress.Don’tcheatintheexam，___________youwillgetpunished.andor/otherwise二.強調句牢記強調句的3個句式強調句型的基本構成：Itis/was＋被強調的部分＋that/who＋其他部分。強調人時可用who/that來連接，強調事物時用that。

所強調的可以是單詞、短語，也可以是從句，但結構必須完整。被強調的成分可以是主語、賓語和狀語，但不能是定語或謂語。

ItisI

who/thatamright.(強調________)

Itwashim

that/whowemetattheschoolgate.(強調_______)

Itwasbecausehermotherwasill

thatshedidn'tgotowork.(強調________)主語賓語原因狀語強調句的一般疑問句式：Is/Was＋被強調的部分＋that/who＋其他部分?eg:Itwasin1939thattheSecondWorldWarbrokeout?→Wasitin1939thattheSecondWorldWarbrokeout?翻譯：他是昨天見的李華嗎？___________________________________________?強調句的特殊疑問句式：

特殊疑問詞+is/wasitthat＋其他部分?eg：Itwaswhothatbrokethewindow.→Whowasitthatbrokethewindow?

WasityesterdaythathemetLiHua②not...until的強調句型：Itis/wasnotuntil...＋that＋其他部分。Hedidn'tgotobeduntil11o'clocklastnight.

→

Itwasnotuntil11o'clocklastnightthathewenttobed.判斷一個句子是強調句型還是其他句型，最簡單的方法就是“還原法”，即去掉強調句型的特有結構Itis/was...that/who...，若去掉這個結構后句子仍然成立，那該句型便是強調句型，否則，就可能是其他句型。

比較：

(1)

Itwashewhodidallthecleaning.可以看出，去掉畫線部分，句子仍然成立，故該句為強調句型。

（2）Itisapitythathehasfailedagain.

（3）Itwas

atsixo’clockthatIgotuptoday.

（4）Itwassixo’clockwhenIgotuptoday.主語從句強調句型狀語從句③助動詞do/does/did＋動詞原形，表“一定/務必”。

如果要強調時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時的肯定句中的謂語動詞，我們在該動詞前加助動詞do，does或did。

Eg:ManyofthefilmsarefromtheUSA，butwedogiveawardstofilmsfromothercountries.HedidcometoseeyoulastSunday，butyouwereout.◎即學即練(單句語法填空/單句改錯)

1．However,likesomanyotherthings,itisonlytoomuchstress________doesharmyou.2．Althoughitwastenyearsago________Ireadthebook,itshowsmeauniversaltruththatbooksarefriends,alwayspushingustomoveon.3．Inthatway,WorldReadAloudDay________(do)helpmakeadifference.4．Itisworkinginteamsinsteadofonmyownwhichhasfreedmefromtroubleandmademyworkmoreefficient.________thatthatdoeswhich→that

三：倒裝句

英語語序：

主語放在謂語的前面，叫做自然語序

放在的前面，叫做倒裝語序謂語主語倒裝的目的1、語法要求：疑問句，therebe句型等。

2、修辭要求：為了強調；為描寫生動；為銜接上下文；為平衡句子

倒裝↙↘完全倒裝部分倒裝↓將謂語動詞完全移到主語前↓只將助動詞系動詞或放到主語之前

情態(tài)動詞完全倒裝(1)

Therebe＋主語＋...，此結構中的be有時stand/exist/lie/live/flow/seem等不及物動詞代替。

Thereseemstobesomethingwrongwiththemachine.(2)

Here/There/Now/Then/Thus＋不及物動詞＋名詞

Theregoesthebell.Let'sgointothelecturehall.

Bequick!Herecomesthebus.(3)

Out/In/Up/Down/Away/Off/Back/Over＋不及物動詞＋名詞

Outrushedthechildren.

Awayflewthebirds.

注意：主語為人稱代詞時，不倒裝。(4)

介詞短語(表地點)＋不及物動詞＋主語

Onthewallhangtwolargeportraits.

Atthefootofthehillliesabeautifulvillage.(5)

表語＋連系動詞＋主語(表語可以是：形容詞、介詞短語、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞)

Presentatthemeetingwere

ProfessorWhite，ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.

Gonearethedayswhenwomenwerelookeddownupon.

Seatedinthefirstlinearesomeadvancedworkers.(6)

Such＋be＋主語

Sucharethefacts；noonecandenythem.

部分倒裝(1)句型：So/Neither/Nor+be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語“So/Neither/Nor+be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語”表示前面所說的肯定/否定情況也適合于另一個人或物，意為“......也是如此/也不這樣。”Maryhaslearnedbyheart200words，andsohaveI.

－Thegirlsstudyhard.這些女孩學習刻苦。

－So

theydo.她們的確如此。Idon’tknowit,nordoIcareaboutit.Tomdoesn’tlikebananas,neither/nordoI.注意：當前面兩件或兩件以上的事也適合于另一人或物時,通常用“soitiswith...”或“itisthesamewith...”Tomlikessinging,buthedoesn’tlikedancing.SoitiswithMary.

(2)否定詞或詞組+be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語+謂語其他部分+.......否定詞：not，never，hardly，seldom，scarcely，rarely，barely，little，no，nor，neither，nowhere否定詞組：atnotime/bynomeans/innoway/onnocondition/innocase/innosense/onnoaccount/undernocircumstances否定連詞：notonly....butalso，notuntil，nosooner...than，hardly...when等。

Atnotime

willChinabethefirsttousethenuclearweapon.

Notasinglemistakedidhemake.

Neverbefore

_________Iseensuchamovingfilm.

Notonly_________hemakeapromise,butalsohekeptit.havedid升級句式：1.Mrs.BrownnotonlygaveJacksomemoney,butalsoofferedhimajob.→Notonly___________________Jacksomemoney,butalsosheofferedhimajob.2.Jennydidn’tgotobeduntilshefinishedwritingthearticle.→NotuntilJennyfinishedwritingthearticle____________________3.IhadnosoonerreadthenovelthanItoldittomyroommate.→Nosooner___________________thanItoldittomyroommate.didMrs.Browngivedidshegotobed.hadIreadthenovel(3)only+狀語+be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語+謂語其他部分+.......

Onlyaftermyfriendcame

wasthecomputerrepaired.

Onlythen

didIrealize

theimportanceofmathematics.

比較：Onlyheknowsthesecret.如only強調的是主語，則句子不倒裝(4)表語/狀語/動詞+as/though+主語+謂語,主句

as/though引導讓步狀語從句時從句用部分倒裝，其結構為：形容詞（分詞）/副詞/動詞原形/名詞（無冠詞）+as/though+主語+謂語...Tiredashewas，hestayeduplate.ExplainasImight，Icouldnotmakemyselfunderstood.Childasheis，heknowsalot.(5)So/Such...+be動詞/助動詞+主語...+that...So+形容詞/副詞+be動詞/助動詞/系動詞+主語...+that...Such+被倒裝部分++be動詞/助動詞/系動詞+主語...+that...

Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.Suchacoldday

was

itthatIstayedindoorsallday.(6)省略了if的虛擬條件句從句的謂語動詞如果是were,had(無論它是助動詞還是實義動詞),should時，可省略if,將其提前。Ifyouhadworkedhard

atyourlessons,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.

Hadyouworkedhardatyourlessons,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.IfIhadtime,IwouldgotoTielingwithyou.HadItime,IwouldgotoTielingwithyou.◎即學即練(單句語法填空/單句改錯)

1．Atthetopofthehill________(lie)anoldcottagewhichhasawonderfulviewofthewholecity.2．OnlyafterMaryreadhercompositionthesecondtime________shenoticethespellingmistake.3．Sonecessary________Ifoundittolearnaboutmykid'sschoolworkthatIwillvisithisteachersnextweek.4．Notasingleword________hesaywhenhewasasked,whichmadehisparentsangry.liesdidhavedid5．Hardly________shegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.6．NotuntilthenIknowmyseniorhighschoollifehadreallybegun.________hadthen后加did四.感嘆句感嘆句常用的七大句型：(1)

How＋形容詞/副詞＋主語＋謂語！Howhighthemountainis!

Howfastheisrunning!(2)

How＋形容詞＋a/an＋單數(shù)名詞＋主語＋謂語！Howdifficultaproblemitis!(3)

How＋主語＋謂語！

Howtimeflies!HowImissyou!(4)

What＋a/an＋形容詞＋單數(shù)名詞＋主語＋謂語！Whatacleverboyheis!Whatafinedayitis!(5)

What＋形容詞＋不可數(shù)名詞＋主語＋謂語！Whatsweetwateritis!

Whatterribleweatheritis!(6)

What＋形容詞＋復數(shù)名詞＋主語＋謂語！Whatbeautifulflowerstheseare!(7)

What＋名詞＋主語＋謂語！

Whatnewsitis!五。省略句1.狀語從句的省略:(1)

在時間、地點、條件、方式或讓步狀語從句中，如果謂語含有動詞be，主語又與主句的主語一致或主語是it時，主謂均可以省略。①

時間狀語從句：

Pleasecomehereassoonas(itis)possible.②

地點狀語從句：

Fillintheblankswitharticleswhere(itis)necessary.③

條件狀語從句：

Shewon'tcometothepartyunless(sheis)invited.④

方式狀語從句：

Iwonderwhyhedidn'tdoas(hewas)toldto.⑤

比較狀語從句：Itismuchcoldertodaythan(itwas)yesterday.⑥

讓步狀語從句：Though(theywere)tired，theywentonwalking.(2)

狀語從句省略主語時，其后用現(xiàn)在分詞表示該動詞與省略的主語是主謂關系，用過去分詞則表示為動賓關系。

Becarefulwhen_________(cross)

thestreet.

Once_______(burn)

，achilddarenottouchthefireagain.crossingburnt2.答語中的省略:

I'mafraid，Ithink，Ibelieve，Ihope，Iguess等作答句，后面跟so或not分別等于肯定或否定，賓語從句可省去。－Doyouthinkitwillrain?－Ihopenot

(thatitwillnotrain)．－Doyoubelieveourteamwillwin?－Iguessso.3.不定式中“to”的省略:(1)

感官動詞(see，feel，hear，notice，watch，observe，listento等)和使役動詞(let，make，have)后接不定式作賓語補足語時，省略to，但在被動式中不能省略(let除外)。

Iheardsomeonesinginthenextroom.

Thethiefwasnoticedtoslipintotheroom.(2)

動詞help和介詞but，except后的不定式作賓語時，有時必須省略to。

Hewillhelpme

(to)

workouttheproblem.

Hedidnothingbutwaitallthetime.

若句中but/except前無do/does/did，則to不能省略。

Hehasnochoicebuttowait.(3)

不定式作表語時，若主語為what引導的主語從句，不定代詞all作主語被定語從句修飾或后有定語從句修飾的“the...thing”作主語時，如果其前出現(xiàn)過do的各種形式，不定式中“to”可以省去。

Whathecandois

(to)

wait.

Theonlythinghecoulddowas

(to)

wait.

Allthathecandois

(to)

wait.(4)

固定結構或句型中常省去“to”。

can't(help)butdo...；whynotdo...；prefertodo...ratherthando...；

Iwouldprefertoswimratherthanplayfootball.4.虛擬語氣中if和should的省略(1)

在條件從句中，將助動詞提到句首，省去if。

Ifwehadknownabouttheplansforthefactory，wewouldneverhaveboughtthehouse.

→Hadweknownabouttheplansforthefactory，wewouldneverhaveboughtthehouse.

IfIwereyou，Iwouldnotdoitlikethat.

→WereIyou，Iwouldnotdoitlikethat.(2)

主語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句中可省略should。

Theworkersdemandedthattheirwages(should)beincreased.

類似的動詞還有：suggest，advise，insist，order，prefer，propose，request，require，command，recommend,urge...

Itisdesiredthatwe

(should)arrivetherebeforedark.

Itisnecessarythathe

(should)knowit.

Mysuggestionisthatwe

(should)visittheexhibitionatonce.5.英語中有一些固定的省略結構(1)

在以if，when，though，asif(好像)等連詞引導的狀語從句中，如果主句主語和從句主語一致，且從句謂語中含有動詞be，或者從句為itis結構時，從句往往使用省略的形式。

If

(itis)

necessary，weshallsendatelegramhome.

Whenever

(itis)

possible，hewillcometomyhelp.

While

(youare)

cycling，don'tforgetthetrafficlights.Heclosedhiseyesasif（hewas）lostinthought.(2)

由固定詞組引導的疑問句。

Whatabouthavingagameofchess?

Howcometheyleftyoualonehere?

Whatifit