動(dòng)詞不定式Infinitive一、概念在英語中，todo結(jié)構(gòu)被稱為動(dòng)詞不定式，屬于非謂語動(dòng)詞，但“不能作句子的謂語”。二、句法功能：作主語例：Toanswerthequestionisverydifficult.*為避免句子頭重腳輕，通常把it放在句首充當(dāng)形式主語。Itisverydifficulttoanswerthequestion.形式主語（不譯）真正主語it形式主語句式(1)It’sadjofsbtodo(此類形容詞常表示“性格品質(zhì)”：kind,careless,foolish,brave等)(2)It’sadjforsbtodo(此類形容詞常表示“性質(zhì)特征”：important,necessary等)作表語不定式放在系動(dòng)詞后作表語：例：Mygoalistogetajob.作賓語不定式作賓語在英語句子中很常見結(jié)構(gòu)：V+todoaffordagreechoosedecidedwantexpectfailhopeofferplanpreparepromiseproverefusewait等例：Weexpecttoseeyouagain.在賓語從句中連接代詞/副詞后接的不定式也作賓語例：Wearetalkingaboutwhattodo.作賓語補(bǔ)足語結(jié)構(gòu)：V+sb+todo常見動(dòng)詞advise,ask,cause,encourage,expect,force,order,tell,teach,warn等都可以接不定式都作補(bǔ)足語此外還有如下結(jié)構(gòu)：makesbdoletsbdohelpsbdo不帶to的不定式作補(bǔ)語。see/hear/notice/watchsbdo不帶to的不定式作補(bǔ)語。作定語動(dòng)詞不定式常作后置定語,放在名詞或不定代詞之后。與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系Ihavesomethingimportanttosay.(Iwanttosaysomethingimportant.)Itisadifficultquestiontoanswer.(It’sdifficulttoanswerthequestion)與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系Heisthelaststudenttoarrivearrives./Hestudentarrives./Hearriveslast.)Itistherighttimetotalkaboutthequestion.作目的狀語結(jié)構(gòu)：sbdoAtodoB或TodoB,sbdoA例：HecametoChinatoexperienceChinesecultureinperson.ToexperienceChinesecultureinperson,hecametoChina.【鞏固訓(xùn)練】一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．（2526八年級(jí)上·云南昆明·期中）Theteacherremindedus_______ourhomeworkontime.A．finished B．tofinish C．finishing D．finishes2．（2425八年級(jí)上·安徽淮南·期中）Itwassunnyandhot,sowedecided________tothebeachnearourhotel.A．go B．togo C．went D．going3．（2425八年級(jí)上·甘肅天水·期中）Theteachertoldus________talkinclass.A．not B．notto C．tonot D．don’t4．（2425八年級(jí)上·上海寶山·期中）Goodidea!Let’saskTom________withus!A．go B．going C．togo D．gone5．（2425八年級(jí)上·上海普陀·期中）Nowadays,moreandmoreparentsexpecttheirchildren________onputersless.A．depend B．depends C．depending D．todepend6．（2425八年級(jí)上·天津?yàn)I海新·期中）Remember________thedocumentandwriteanameforit.A．save B．willsave C．tosave D．saves7．（2425八年級(jí)上·北京·期中）Theyplan________afilmtomorrow.A．see B．seeing C．tosee D．toseeing8．（2425八年級(jí)上·廣東廣州·期中）Hisjokesalwaysmakeme________andbringmelotsofjoy.A．tolaugh B．laugh C．laughed D．laughing9．（2526八年級(jí)上·山東東營·期中）AnAmericanschoolisgoingtoallowstudents________lessonsinthemorning.A．start B．starting C．tostart D．starts10．（2526九年級(jí)上·安徽合肥·期中）—Mike,couldyougivemesomeadvice?Idon’tknow________.—Whydon’tyouwearthisredshirt?Itlooksniceonyou.A．whentowear B．wheretowear C．howtowear D．whattowear11．（2425八年級(jí)上·湖北黃石·期中）—Eddie,it’stime_____homework,youshouldn’tspendyourtime_____TV!—OK,mom!A．do,watch B．todo,watched C．doing,towatch D．todo,watching12．（2526八年級(jí)上·西藏日喀則·期中）Myteacheradvisesme________Englishaloudeverymorningtoimprovemypronunciation.A．read B．toread C．reading D．reads13．（2425八年級(jí)上·天津·期中）—OurEnglishteacherasksus________Englisheveryday.—Somymothermademe________theEnglishtextforhalfanhouryesterdayevening.A．read;toread B．toread;toread C．toread;read D．read;read14．（2425八年級(jí)上·天津·期中）________hisjob,Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident.A．Nottolose B．Tonotlose C．Notlosing D．Don’tlose15．（2425八年級(jí)下·吉林四平·期末）Thismorning,Lindaagreed________tothelibrarywithmeafterschool.A．go B．togo C．went16．（2425九年級(jí)上·福建寧德·期末）Chineseathletesdidwhattheycould________intheParisOlympics.A．pete B．peted C．topete17．（2425八年級(jí)上·吉林·期末）Sarahpromised________hernewsongattheparty.Icouldn’twaittolistentoit.A．sing B．singing C．tosing D．sang18．（2324八年級(jí)上·江蘇南通·期末）—Nile,doyouknowwhysomewildbirdsflytothesoutheverywinter?—________fromthecoldweatherhere.A．Hide B．Hides C．Tohide D．Hiding19．（2425八年級(jí)下·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·期末）Thestudentswereasked________someinterestingpicturesforthesickkids.A．draw B．todraw C．drawing D．todrawing20．（2425八年級(jí)下·甘肅天水·期末）TheInternetmakes________possibleforeveryone________educationanywhereandanytime.A．it;get B．it;getting C．that;toget D．it;toget二、單詞拼寫21．Shefounditmeaningful(take)partinallkindsofactivitiesinschoolclubs.22．Davidrefused(go)tothemuseumwithmebecausehepromisedtogotothezoowithTom.23．Simonchose(sit)inthefront(hear)theteacherclearly.24．（2425八年級(jí)上·重慶·期末）Whenwehaveproblems,it’sbest(notrun)awayfromthem.25．（2425八年級(jí)下·甘肅武威·期末）Mysisterislearninghow(repair)bikesfromheruncle.26．（2425八年級(jí)下·甘肅武威·期末）Weshouldencourageteens(help)theold.27．（2425八年級(jí)下·甘肅天水·期末）Ithinkit’sourduty(protect)theenvironment.28．（2425八年級(jí)下·江蘇無錫·期末）Wecan’tafford(make)anymistakesbecauseitisanimportanttask.29．（2425八年級(jí)下·甘肅定西·期末）Pleasedon’tlether(waste)timeanymore.30．(improve)ourEnglishskills,weshouldreadEnglishbookseveryday.參考答案：1．B