Unit3FoodandCultureDiscoveringUsefulStructures1.Understandthestructureandmeaningofpastperfecttense;2.Grasptheusagesofpastperfecttense;3.Tellthedifferencesbetweenpasttenseandpastperfecttense;(presentperfecttenseandpastperfecttense);4.Applywhatyouhavelearnedinto

practice;LearningObjectives

Inthisclass,youwillbeableto:1.HongKong___________(return)toChinain1997.returned2.Macao___________(return)toChinain1999.returned3.HongKong_________________(return)toChinabeforeMacaocameback.hadreturned過去完成時

pastperfecttense圖片來自網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖片來自網(wǎng)絡(luò)Lead-in1.過去完成時的定義過去完成時表示過去某個時間之前已經(jīng)完成的動作或一直延續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)。→“過去的過去”HongKonghadreturned

toChinabeforeMacaocameback.一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時過去完成時Definition2.過去完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成

②否定句：HongKonghadnotreturned

toChinabeforeMacaocameback.

③一般疑問句：Had

HongKongreturned

toChinabeforeMacaocameback?①肯定句：HongKonghadreturned

toChinabeforeMacaocameback.肯定句：Sb.haddonesth.否定句：Sb.hadnotdonesth.一般疑問句：Hadsb.donesth？

④特殊疑問句：Whyhad

HongKongreturned

beforeMacaocameback?特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+

一般疑問句？被動結(jié)構(gòu)：hadbeendoneStructure1.Wehadpaintedthehousebeforewemovedin.2.Ihadfinishedreadingthenovelbynineo’clocklastnight.3.Theyhadcompletedtheprojectbytheendoflastyear.before(連詞/介詞)+

過去的時間點“在...之前”by+過去的時間點“到...為止”bytheendof+過去的時間點“到...為止”bythetime+(一般過去時)“到...為止”1.過去完成時的標(biāo)志詞：UsageMyfatherasked

meifIhadfinishedreadingthatbook.Theladyshowed

methepicturesshehadpainted.Ibegantheworkafterhehadgone.①用于賓語從句中

主句為過去時，從句動作發(fā)生在主句之前，用過去完成時。2.過去的時間有時由一時間狀語表示出來，但在更多的情況下時間都由上下文表示出來。判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是先找出“過去”的參照動作。②用于時間狀語從句中AfterMonicahadsunghersong,shesatdownquietlybesidehermum.Ididn’tstartmyworkuntilhehadalreadygone.WhenIarrivedatthestation,thetrainhadalreadyleft.UsageI____________(finish)readingthenovelbynineO'clocklastnight.We_____________(learn)overtwothousandEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.They_____________(plant)sixhundredtreesbeforelastWednesday.They___________(leave)beforewearrivedattheschool.

Breakfast___________________(serve)bythetimeIgotup.Afterhe_____________(finish)hishomework,hewenttobed.Tomrealizedamistake_______________(make)byher.

hadfinishedhadlearnedhadplantedhadlefthadbeenservedhadfinishedhadbeenmade

Practice1.IhadintendedtovisithimyesterdaybutIwasn’tabletomakeit.2.Hehadwishedtobecomeadoctor,buthestudiedlawatcollege.3.Theyhadwantedtohelpbutcouldnotgetthereintime.4.Theyhadplannedtoseeusoffattheairport.1.用于think，want，hope，wish，plan，intend等動詞表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的想法、希望、打算或意圖等。

使用過去完成時的特殊情況

Notice1.Itwasthefirsttimethathehadperformedonsuchabigstage.2.Itwasthemostinspiringperformance(that)Ihadeverwatched.3.Scarcelyhadhearrivedwhenhewentawayagain.4.Hardlyhadwesatdowntosupperwhenthephonerang.5.NosoonerhadIwalkedoutthanIrememberedthatIforgotmybag.2.固定句型：①It/This/Thatwas+the序數(shù)詞+time+that從句（過去完成時）（這是某人第幾次做某事）②“主語＋was/were＋the＋最高級＋名詞＋定語從句（過去完成時）

③Hardly/Scarcely...when；Nosooner...than(一...就)

注意：否定詞置于句首，需要_______________________。

主句用_______________，從句用_______________。部分倒裝一般過去時過去完成時Notice

①用于wish后的賓語從句中，表示對過去未做成的事情的某種感嘆或愿望。IwishI

(be)thereatthattime.

那時候我要在那兒就好了。（事實上我不在那兒。）IwishI

(tell)himaboutit.

我要是沒告訴他那事就好了。（事實上我告訴他了。）hadbeenhadnottold②用于對過去事實進行虛擬的條件句中。IfI___________,Iwouldn'thavemissedthetrain.

如果我快點的話，我就不會誤了火車。Ifyou_________

attheparty,youwouldhavemethim.

如果你去了晚會，你就會見到他的。3.虛擬語氣：hadhurriedhadbeenNotice1.Itwasthefirsttimeshe_________(leave)hermotherland.2.Itisthefirsttime(that)I_____________(speak)inpublic.3.This___(be)thefirsttimeIhadseenDadsofurious.4.Hardly_____(have)theboyspokenthesewordswhenthewardenhithimontheheadwiththesoupspoon.6.ItwasthebestcoffeeI___________(taste).7.I_____________(intend)visitinghimthisweekendbutIwasn’tabletomakeit.8.I_____________(think)toreturnearlybuttheywouldn’tletusgo.hadlefthavespokenwashadtastedhadhadintendedhadthoughtPractice

1.Thetickets_______________(sell)outbeforeIcametothecinema.2.Bytheendoflastyear,we_______________(produce)20,000cars.3.Itwasthefirsttime(that)I_____________(speak)inpublic.4.We____________(wish)thatyouwouldbeabletovisitus.5.Hesaidthatgreatchanges__________________(takeplace)inhishometownsince1990.6.Thetrain_________(leave)beforewereachedthestation.7.100tractors__________________(produce)bytheendoflastyear.8.He_____________(intend)tocatchthe8:00bus,butfounditgone.9.ItwasthreeyearssinceJane____________________(appoint)asthedirector.

10.Ididn’twanttoseethemoviebecauseI__________(see)italready.hadbeensoldhadproduced

hadspoken

hadwished

hadtakenplacehadlefthadbeenproducedhadintended

hadbeenappointedhadseenPractice

1.________________whensheheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor.

她剛坐下就聽見有人在敲門2.We_________________________inGuangzhou,butitprovedtobeadream.

我們本來打算在廣州買房，但最后只是一場夢。3.Itwasthefirsttimeshe________________________________.

這是她第一次離開她的家鄉(xiāng)。4.Nosooner__________________________________________than

___________________________________.

我剛踏上舞臺領(lǐng)獎就發(fā)出了雷鳴般的歡呼聲和掌聲。HardlyhadshesathadplannedtobuyahousehadleftherhometownhadIsteppedontothestagetoreceivetheawardthunderouscheersandapplausebrokeoutCompletethefollowingsentences.PracticeHardly(1)______I_____(get)upthismorning