2024年湖南省中考英語試卷

第二部分，閱讀理解。第一節(jié)，閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。

1.（6分）

COMMUNITYNOTICEBOARD

VolunteersNeeded

LibraryHelpersWanted

BookloversreadstoriestochildreneverySundayinJuly.Please

fillinaformonline.Formoreinformation,visitthewebsitewww.

hnlibrary.com.

HelpforOldPeople

Helpattheoldpeople'shomeDanceorsingwell.Freein

September.E-mailAnnaathnzk@gfimail.corn.

CleanersandGardeners

VolunteersarcneededforcleaningandgardeningatRose

Garden.Goodattakingcareofplants.Workfrom7a.m.tonoonon

August5thand6th.

CallMr.Walkerat555-5694.

1.Howcanyougetmoreinformationtovolunteerinthelibrary?

A.Visititswebsite.B.E-mailAnna.C.CallMr.Walker.

2.WherecanvolunteershelpinSeptember?

A.Inthelibrary.B.AtRoseGarden.C.Attheoldpeople'shome.

3.WhatshouldyoubegoodatifyouwanttovolunteeratRoseGarden?

A.Readingstories.B.Dancingandsinging.C.Takingcareofplants.

【答案】l.A2.C3.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是社區(qū)公告板上招募志愿者的廣告，需要圖書館助手、老年人之家的幫手以及花園清潔和園

藝志愿者。

I題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一框中“Formoreinformation,visitthewebsitewww.hnlibrary.com.“nj知，你可以通過

訪司其網(wǎng)站得到更多關(guān)于圖書館志愿者的信息。故選A。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二框中“Helpattheoldpeople'shome.Danceorsingwell.FreeinSeptember,“可知，9月

份有空的志愿者可以去老人之家?guī)兔?。故選C。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三框中“VolunteersareneededforcleaningandgardeningatRoseGarden.Goodattaking

careofplants.”可知，如果你想去玫瑰園做志愿者，你應(yīng)該擅長(zhǎng)照顧植物。故選C。

Wouldyoubeabletosleepwithoneeyeopen?Bottlenosedolphins（寬吻海豚）can.Whentheysleep.only

halfof（heirbraingoestosleep.Theysleepwithoneeyeopen（ostaysafe.Halfof（heirbrainsleepsforabouttwo

hoursbeforetheotherhalfoftheirbraingetsachancetosleep.Sometimes,thedolphinswillkeepswimming

whiletheyaresleeping.

Dolphinsarenotfish—theyaremammals（哺乳動(dòng)物）.Thesemammalshavelungs（肺）.Andtheydon'thave

gills（腮）likefish.Theyarealsowarm-bloodedandhave（ogotothesurfaceofthewalertogetairintoiheir

lurgs.Dolphinsdon'tlayeggs.Theiryoungarcbornalive,andtheydrinkmilkfromtheirmothers.Dolphinsarc

oneofthesmartestanimalsintheworld.Therearemanystoriesabouthowtheysavepeopleoutofwater.They

areabletosolvemanyproblemslikehumans.Theycanevenusetoolstocatchfish.Buttheirclevernessdoesn't

endthere.

Dolphinscanalsopassonanythingtheylearntootherdolphins,likeinterestingfishingskills.They

communicatewitheachotherinmanyways.Theyusedifferentsoundstotalktoeachother.Dolphinsknowthe

“voices“ofotherdolphinsandevenknowexactlywhoismakingwhichsound.Anotherthingthatshowstheir

clevernessisthattheycanalsoknowthemselvesinamirror（鏡子）andcheckdifferentpartsoftheirbodyinit.

4.Whydobottlenosedolphinssleepwithoneeyeopen?

A.Tostaysafe.

BTosleepfortwohours.

C.Toswimfaster.

5.Whatcanwelearnaboutdolphinsfromparagraph2?

A.Theyusegillstogetair.

B.Theyarewarm-blooded.

C.Theylayeggslikefish.

6.Howdodolphinstalktoeachother?

A.Bylearningfishingskills.

B.Byusingdifferentsounds.

C.Bycheckingtheirbodies.

7.Whichpartofamagazinemaythepassagebetakenfrom?

A.Art.B.Health.C.Nature.

【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了海豚的三個(gè)特點(diǎn)。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theysleepwitlioneeyeopentostaysafe.”可知，海豚睡覺時(shí)睜著一只眼睛是為了保證安

全,故選A。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Theyarealsowarm-bloodedandhavetogotoihesurfaceofthewatertogetairintotheir

lungs.”可知,海豚是溫血?jiǎng)游铩９蔬xB。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theyusedifferentsoundstotalktoeachother.”可知，海豚通過使用不同的聲音互相交

談，故選B。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了海豚的三個(gè)特點(diǎn)，故推測(cè)這篇文章可能選自雜志的自然界

版塊。故選C。

Headphonesarchelpful.Manykidsusethem.Butheadphonescanbeharmful,too.Theycancausehearing

lossifthevolume（音最）istooloud.StudiesshowthatoneoutofeverytenkidsintheUnitedStateshassome

hearingloss.Thecauseisloudnoise.

Doyouknowhowwchear?Therearccells（細(xì)胞）insidethecarsthathelpushear.Wecan'tseethemwith

oureyes."Wecallthemhaircells/'JackieClarksaid."Theylooklikehairsstandingup."Clarkisascientistatthe

UniversityofTexas.Shestudiesnoisesandears.Soundcannotbeseen,butitcanmakethehaircellsmoveback

andforward.Thinkofthewindintheleaves.

Loudnoisescandamage（損傷）thesecells.Andoncethecellsaredamaged,theydon'tgrowback.Sometimes

there'stinnitus."It'slikesomeoneisplayinganoteontheflute（長(zhǎng)笛）fbralongtime,“Clarksays.Itshowswe're

losinghearing.Tinnitusisnotonlyharmfultoourears,alsoitcannakeusfeeluneasy.Thal'swhyil'snecessary

toprotectourcars.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Howcanweprotectourears?We'dbetterkeepthevaluevolumelowwhenweuseour

headphones.”可知，此段主要給出了使用耳機(jī)的建議。故選A。

[II題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)“Howcanwcprotectourcars?We'dbetterkeepthevaluevolumelowwhenwe

useourheadphones.”可知，本文主要講了為了保護(hù)我們的耳朵，使用耳機(jī)時(shí)最好把音量調(diào)小。故選B。

Whatcanyoudowhenyoudon'twanttodohomework?Youknowithastobedonebutit'sthelastthing

youwanttodo.Howcanyoudealwiththeproblem?12

Setgoals（目標(biāo)）foryourself,Yourgoalsdon'thavetobebig.Infact,thesmaller,thebetter.Startby

settinggoalsyoucanreacheasily.

Takeaplanandwriteitdown.13Becausesomethingaboutthewrittenwordsmakesitharderto

forget.Onceyouwriteitdown,itseasiertocarryitout.

14Doitfirstbecauseitneedsafreshmind.Youoftendislikeitifyoufindyourhomeworkdifficull.

Butifyoutryyourbestandfinishil,you5IIhaveasenseofachievement.

Userewards（獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)）tomarkyourprogress.Ifyouhavecompletedpartofyourhomework,youcouldtake

abreak.15Oryoucouldeven“aHow"yourselftogotoamovieonFriday.

Askyourparentsfbrhelp.Ifyoudon'task,yourparentswillneverknowwhattroubleyouhave.So

theywon'tbeabletogiveyouhclpfjladvice.

Thesesuggestionsabovecouldworkonyou.Trythemout.It'stimetotakeactionnow.

A.Howcanyoumakeaplan?

B.Dodifficulthomeworkfirst.

C.Whyshouldyouwriteitdown?

D.Hereissomeadvicetohelpyou.

E.Youcouldalsocatsomethingyoulike.

【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.E

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講了針對(duì)不想做作業(yè)問題而提出的幾個(gè)建議。

【12題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Howcanyoudealwiththeproblem?"和下文“Seigoalsfbryourself、Takeaplanandwriteitdown、

Us?rewardstomarkyourprogress.”可知說的是處理不想做作業(yè)問題的建議，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)“這里有?

些建議可以幫助你?！芭c之相符。故選D。

【13題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Takeaplanandwriteitdown.”和下文Becausesomethingaboutthewrittenwordsmakesitharderto

fo*et.”可知，介紹了記在計(jì)劃的原因，故空處會(huì)詢問為什么要寫下來，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)知，C選項(xiàng)“你為什么要

寫下來？”與之相符。故選C。

14題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“Youoftendislikeitifyoufindyourhomeworkdifficult.”可知說的是不喜歡難的家庭作業(yè)，故空處

與家庭作業(yè)相關(guān)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)”先做難的作業(yè)?！迸c之相符。故選B。

【15題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Userewards（獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)）tomarkyourprogress.“可知，用獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)來標(biāo)記你的進(jìn)步。可知說的是使用獎(jiǎng)

勵(lì)，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，E選項(xiàng)“你也可以吃你喜歡的東西?！迸c之相符。故選E。

第三部分，語言運(yùn)用。第一節(jié)，

Asachild.Iwasquiteactive.Iwasrunningaroundandgettinghurtalmosteveryday.Mymomwas

16.Aneighboradvisedmetolearntofish.Ilikedthe17.butmymomsaidno.Shethoughtit

was18togetclosetoanybodyofwater.

Atlast,mymomgotanotheridea.Everyday,shemademesitatthedeskand19foranhour.I

hatedreadingandcriedalot.Then,my2（）.aschoolteacher,cametohelp.Heledmetomydeskand

toldmeto21onebook.t4Readjusttwentypages.Ifyoustillfeelboredafterthat,justputitdownand

chooseanotherone,“hesaid.

IstartedwithTheEmperorsNewClothes.AfterIreadtwenty22asmyunclesuggested,Iwas

rolling（打滾）onthefloorlaughing.Whatastupidemperor!Next,Ireadmorebooks.Astimewenton,Iwasable

to23understandthestories.SoIstartedreadinglongerandmoreseriousbooks.Ifellinlovewith

JourneytotheWest.MymomsaidIshouldspendmoretimeplayingoutside.ButIdidn'twantto24the

book.

Tothisday,Imaketimetoreadeveryday.Ifyouhaven'tyetexperiencedthefunofreading,tak3myuncle's

adviceandfindthe"25"books.They'llgiveyouenjoyment,teachyousomethingnewandevenchange

yourlife.

16.A.boredB.surprisedC.worried

17.A.ideaB.ruleC.truth

18.A.helpfulB.dangerousC.necessary

19.A.drawB.writeC.read

20.A.uncleB.fatherC.neighbor

21.A.describeB.pickC.borrow

22.A.wordsB.linesC.pages

23.A.hardlyB.easilyC.wrongly

24.A.putdownB.giveawayC.lookthrough

25.A.longB.seriousC.right

【答案】16.C17.A18.B19.C20.A21.B22.C23.B24.A25.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了作者總是因?yàn)樘钴S而造成了??些問題，媽媽把閱讀作為治療作者的方法，后來

作者逐漸找到了閱讀的樂趣。

【16題詳解】

句意：我媽媽很擔(dān)心。

bored無聊的；surprised驚訝的；worried擔(dān)心的。wasrunningaroundandgettinghurtalmostevery

day.”可知作者每天幾乎都會(huì)受傷，媽媽很擔(dān)心。故選C。

【17題詳解】

句意：我喜歡這個(gè)主意，但我媽媽不同意。

idea主意；rule規(guī)則；truth真相。根據(jù)"Aneighboradvisedmetolearntofish.“可知,作者喜歡釣魚這個(gè)主

意,故選A。

【18題詳解】

句意：她認(rèn)為靠近水邊是危險(xiǎn)的＜

helpful有幫助的；dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；necessary有必要的。根據(jù)“mymomsaidno”可知，她認(rèn)為是危險(xiǎn)

的,故選B。

【19題詳解】

句意：每天她讓我坐在桌旁讀一小時(shí)書。

draw畫；write寫；read讀。根據(jù)“Ihatedreading”可知，此處指讀書。故選C。

【20題詳解】

句意：然后我的叔叔，一位教師來幫助我。

uncle叔叔；father父親;neighbor鄰居。根據(jù)“asmyunclesuggested”可知,此處指叔叔。故選A。

[21題詳解】

句意：他把我?guī)У阶琅?，讓我挑選一本書。

describe描述；pick挑選;borrow借。根據(jù)"Heledmetomydeskandtoldme”可知,他讓作者挑一本書

讀，故選B。

【22題詳解】

句意：當(dāng)我像我叔叔建議的那樣讀完20頁之后，我笑得在地上打滾。

words詞；lines線；pages頁。根據(jù)"Readjusttwentypages.”可知，此處指頁碼。故選Co

【23題詳解】

句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，我可以很容易地理解故事內(nèi)容。

hardly幾乎不；easily容易地；wrongly錯(cuò)誤地。根據(jù)"SoIstartedreadinglongerandmoreseriousbooks."可

知，我可以很容易地讀懂故事。故選B。

【24題詳解】

句意：但我不想放下書。

putdown放下；giveaway贈(zèng)送；lookthrough瀏覽。根據(jù)But表示轉(zhuǎn)折可知，作者不想放下書出去玩。故

選Ao

[25題詳解】

句意：如果你還沒有體會(huì)到讀書的樂趣，采納我叔叔的建議，找到合適的書閱讀。

long長(zhǎng)的；serious嚴(yán)肅的:right合適的。根據(jù)“takemyuncle'sadviceandfind”可知此處指找到適合自己的

書去閱讀。故選C。

Iworkatamostpopularrestaurantinmyhometown.Iloveworkinghereasamemberofafantasticteam.

Peopleherearevery26(friend),andhard-working.

IstartedbywashingdisheswhenIwasonly18.1workedhard,andsoonbecame27waiter.Simon,

whowasheadchef(主廚)then,begantoshow28(I)howtocook.IloveditsomuchandI29

(go)tocollegetolearnmore.WhenSimonlefttherestaurant,Ibecameheadchef.Atthetimeallthefoodwas

traditional.Thequality(品質(zhì))wasgood,butIwantedtodosomethingdifferent,soIdecided30(have)a

differentmenu.

Nowweservefoodfromalloverthecountry.Therearemanymarketsandfoodshopshere.Ican31

(usual)findanyingredient(配料)Ineed.Iusealotofnaturalfood.Somepeoplethinkitisnotsodelicious,

32Idon'tagree.Well-preparednaturalfoodhasa33(good)taste(hanfastfood.Ourfoodis

healthyandmostcustomersloveit.Weusethebestmeatandthefreshestvegetables.Attheweekendweplaymany

34(kind)ofmusic.There'salsoaspecialmenu35childrenonSaturdaysandthat'swhenwe

servetraditionalfood.

【答案】26.friendly

27a28.me

29.went30.tohave

31.usually

32.but33.better

34.kinds35.for

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了作者在家鄉(xiāng)一家非常受歡迎的餐廳工作的經(jīng)歷。

[26題詳解】

句意：這里的人都很友好而且辛勤。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞形式，作表語，friendly“友好

的”符合。故填friendly。

【27題詳解】

句意：我努力工作，很快就成為一名服務(wù)員。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示泛指的一名服務(wù)員，便用不定冠

詞；waiter以輔音音素開頭，使用不定冠詞a。故填a。

[28題詳解】

句意：西蒙，那時(shí)是主廚，開始教我如何做飯。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處使用人稱代詞賓格，作賓語。

故填me。

【29題詳解】

句意：我非常喜歡它，我去大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)更多。根據(jù)空前的“l(fā)oved”可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，此處使用

過去式形式。故填wento

【30題詳解】

句意：質(zhì)量很好，但我想做一些不同的東西，所以我決定有一個(gè)不同的菜單。decidetodosth「決定做某

事”，固定詞組。故填iohave。

[31題詳解】

句意：我可以通常找到我需要的任何配料。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞，作狀語。故填usually。

【32題詳解】

句意：有些人認(rèn)為它不好吃，但我不同意。根據(jù)空前后的句意可知，此處句意發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折，but“但是”符

合,故填but。

【門題詳解】

句意：精心準(zhǔn)備的天然食品比快餐更美味。根據(jù)空后的“han”可知，此處使用比較級(jí)形式。故填belter。

【34題詳解】

句意：在周末我們播放許多種音樂。根據(jù)空前的“many”可知，比處使用好數(shù)形式。故填kinds。

【35題詳解】

句意：星期六我們還為孩子們提供特別菜單，那時(shí)我們供應(yīng)傳統(tǒng)食物。根據(jù)"There'salsoaspecial

menu…childrenonSaturdays”的句意可知，此處指為孩子們提供特別菜單，for“為了”符合。故填for。

第四部分，綜合技能。第一節(jié)，

“ThoughIwasbornwithhalfaleftarm,1don'tthinkI'munlucky,“saidMsYang,a35-ycar-oldwomanfrom

asmallvillageinHunan.She'sasucccssfiilXiangembroideryC相繡）artist.NowsherunsaXiangembroidery

store.Shelivedahardlifeformanyyears.Luckily,herwholefamilysupportedher.Aftercollegesheappliedfbr

（申請(qǐng)）over200jobsbutwasturneddownagainandagain.Shetriedtostartherownbusinessbutfailedwithall

hermoneylost.ThensheturnedtoXiangembroideiy

MsYang'sinterestinXiangembroideiybeganwhenshewasachild.Shelearnedsomeofthebasicsfroma

neighbor.Afterrunningthestore,shetookmanytrainingcourses,includingathrcc-yearcourseatTsinghua

University.Shekeptdevelopingherskills,sayingthatherdisabilitywouldrrtstopher.In2014,herbusinessfinally

startedmakingmoney.Thenshetriedtodosomethingfbrsociety.Xiangembroideryhasahistoryofover2,000

years.AsXiangembroideryisoneofthefourbest-knownstyles（風(fēng)格）ofembroideryinChina,shehopestospread

itscultureandmakemorepeoplelearnaboutit.

Byofferingfreelessons,MsYanghelpslotsofpeople,includingmanydisabledones.MsYang'sstoryis

encouraging.Itshowshowimportantstrongwillsandinterestsare.Whenwefacedifficulties,weshouldnevergive

up.Justasasayinggoes,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”

36.WhereisMsYangfrom?

37.HowlongisthehistoryofXiangembroidery?

38.HowdoesMsYanghelppeople?

39.DoyouwanttolearnXiangembroiderythissummerholiday?Whyorwhynot?

40.將短文中畫線句子翻譯成中文。

【答案】36.SheisfromasmallvillageinHunan,China.

37.Ithasahistoryofover2,000years.

38.Shehelpspeoplebyofferingfreelessons.

39.Yes,Ido.BecauselearningXiangembroiderycouldbeagreatwaytoappreciatetraditionalChineseartand

culture.

40.當(dāng)我們面對(duì)困難時(shí)，我們永遠(yuǎn)不應(yīng)該放棄。

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了楊女士和湘繡之間的故事。

【36題詳解】

根據(jù)”...saidMsYang,a35-year-oldwomanfromasmallvillageinHunan.”可知，楊女上來自中國湖南省一個(gè)

小村莊。故填SheisfromasmallvillageinHunan,China.

【37題詳解】

根據(jù)"Xiangembroideryhasahistoryofover2,000years.‘訶知，湘繡有著兩千多年的歷史。故填I(lǐng)Ihasa

historyofover2,000years.

【38題詳解】

根據(jù)"Byofferingfreelessons,MsYanghelpslotsofpeople,includingmanydisabledones.“可知,她通過提供

免費(fèi)課程幫助了許多人。故填Shehelpspeoplebyofferingfreelessons.

【39題詳解】

根據(jù)題忖要求可知，本題應(yīng)回答是否想要在暑假學(xué)習(xí)湘繡以及原因，可回答：我想學(xué)習(xí)刺繡，因?yàn)閷W(xué)習(xí)

湘繡是欣賞中國傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)和文化的好方法。故填Yes,Ido.BecauselearningXiangembroiderycouldbea