③其他艙室所需容積。其他艙室所需容積約為主船體容積的，這里取為4%，計算得VA=1877.52m3（4）全船容積的校核過程如下?，F(xiàn)在全船各部分容積是已知的，因此可以用全船容量方程（1-36）[3]來校核艙容。（1-36）式中：——上甲板以上裝貨容積。由于該等式需要滿足等于或大于，因此可先不計入項。將上述各艙室所需容積帶入估算可得，VC+VB+VM+VA+VOW=41627.35VH=46937.95m3，則3）貨艙橫剖面設(shè)計新船平行中體的橫剖面圓舭部升起高度時，新船的舭部半徑可以按經(jīng)驗公式（1-37）[3]求出。（1-37）計算得：R=1671mm。根據(jù)參考文獻(xiàn)[6]可知梁拱值可用（1-38）[3]求出。（1-38）圖1-1貨艙橫剖面圖用工具可近似估算出貨艙橫剖面面積≈275.23m3,雙層底艙橫剖面面積24m3，邊艙（左/右側(cè)）橫剖面面積≈37.93m首尖艙的艙長一般為,這里取0.07。尾尖艙的艙長一般為,這里取0.05。根據(jù)設(shè)計橫剖面用式（1-39）[3]估算新船所能提供的貨艙容積。（1-39）式中：尾尖艙的艙長、首尖艙的艙長和機(jī)艙的艙長。--平行中體處貨艙橫剖面積。--系數(shù)，母型資料有限時，可按經(jīng)驗公式(1-40)[3]進(jìn)行估算。（1-40）計算得：KC=1.002計算得：VTC=31998.20m4）局部容積的校核與調(diào)整（1）主船體初步分艙設(shè)計如下。為了估算艙室的實際提供容積以便進(jìn)行局部艙容校核，先繪制主船體初步分艙圖如圖1-2和圖1-3所示。圖1-2艏部初步分艙圖圖1-3艉部初步分艙圖（2）貨艙容積的校核過程如下。根據(jù)初步分艙圖1-3，燃油深艙長，則由公式（1-41）[3]計算貨艙實際容積。（1-41）經(jīng)計算得，貨艙所需容積,貨艙可提供容積，綜上可只，故貨艙艙容符合設(shè)計要求。（3）油水艙容積的校核。各油水艙所需容積如下。。各油水艙容積的校核如下。，可知淡水艙滿足要求。，可知爐水艙滿足要求。，可知滑油艙滿足要求。，可知燃油艙滿足要求。經(jīng)校核油水艙全部滿足要求。（4）壓載水艙容積的校核。壓載水布置在頂邊艙和底邊艙，可知，，則壓載水艙容積符合要求。（5）機(jī)艙容積的校核。查的本船主機(jī)長度約，扣除燃油柜后機(jī)艙長度仍符合要求。（6）其他艙室容積的校核。其他艙室實際提供容積可按式（1-42）[3]估算。（1-42）經(jīng)計算得，其他艙室所需容積，則，符合要求。4）校核結(jié)果校核結(jié)果匯總?cè)绫?-6所示。表1-6艙容校核結(jié)果匯總項目所需容積提供容積校核結(jié)果貨艙27352.5331799.12符合壓載水7776.008163.286符合淡水101.02157.92符合燃油艙1035.761078.65符合爐水97.96100.80符合滑油31.5652.44符合其他艙室1877.522936.20符合1.5重量重心的詳細(xì)估算1）船舶各項重量的重心高度估算（1）空船的重心高度：。（2）人員、行李及食物的重心高度：。（3）淡水、爐水、滑油的重心高度：，剩余10%時重心高度。（4）燃油的重心高度：，剩余10%時重心高度。（5）貨物的重心高度：。（6）備品及供應(yīng)品的重心高度：。2）四種典型載況重量重心估算結(jié)果如表1-7和1-8所示。表1-7壓載載況下的重心重量估算項目人員行李2.2015.3033.662.2015.3033.66食物2.3115.3035.340.2315.303.53淡水99.0013.251311.459.9011.72116.00爐水96.0012.221173.129.6010.42100.03燃油850.007.606460.0285.002.11179.31滑油25.5012.22311.612.5510.4226.57備品供應(yīng)品33.7815.27515.8933.7815.27515.89空船6142.607.7747746.126142.607.7747746.12壓載水9203.388.6279317.039203.388.6279317.03貨物0.000.000.000.000.000.00總計16454.788.32136904.215489.38.27128038表1-8滿載載況下重心高度計算項目人員及行李2.2015.3033.662.2015.3033.66食物2.3115.3035.340.2315.303.53淡水99.0013.251311.459.9011.72116.00爐水96.0012.221173.129.6010.42100.03燃油850.007.606460.0285.002.11179.31滑油25.5012.22311.612.5510.4226.57備品供應(yīng)品33.7815.27515.8933.7815.27515.89空船6142.607.7747746.126142.607.7747746.12壓載水0.000.000.000.000.000.00貨物23191.208.17189472.123191.28.17189472.13總計30442.68.12247059.329477.18.08238193.23注：表1-7和表1-8中帶下標(biāo)1的代表到港狀態(tài)的重量重心，無下標(biāo)的代表出港狀態(tài)。1.6初穩(wěn)性高的校核初穩(wěn)性高估算公式（1-43）～（1-46）[3]如下所示。（1-43）（1-44）（1-45）（1-46）在已知非滿載狀態(tài)下的排水量時，非滿載狀態(tài)下的，與可用下列公式（1-47）～（1-49）[3]估算。（1-47）（1-48）（1-49）各種載況下初穩(wěn)性高估算結(jié)果如表1-9所示。表1-9初穩(wěn)性高估算結(jié)果載況壓載出港5.630.770.830.520.082.56壓載到港5.320.760.830.520.082.87滿載出港9.940.800.870.520.081.77滿載到港9.640.800.870.520.081.78由表1-9可知上述四種載況初穩(wěn)性高均大于初穩(wěn)性高下限[2]，滿足初穩(wěn)性高下限的要求。1.7最小干舷校核最小干舷可由以下公式計算。（1-50）—基本干舷，查閱B類船舶基本干舷表得到船長154m時,實際船長為154.48m，近似取?！L的B型船舶對基本干舷的修正，船長大于時忽略不計?！叫蜗禂?shù)對基本干舷的修正，，得?！蜕顚Ω上系男拚?，，當(dāng)時，。計算得。—上層建筑和凸型甲板對干舷的修正值，，當(dāng)時，可以近似取，在資料有限時取作為上建和凸型甲板的有效長度，根據(jù)船舶設(shè)計原理[6]。計算得?！匣Ω上系男拚?，應(yīng)為并沒有上建和艉舷弧的詳細(xì)質(zhì)料無法確定的值，但經(jīng)過定性分析肯定為負(fù)值，如果不計入干舷校核就符合規(guī)范，那么計入的干舷校核肯定可以滿足要求，偏于安全考慮可先略去。計算得：，實際干舷，則干舷符合要求。1.8橫搖周期校核散貨船的橫搖周期按下列公式（1-51）和（1-52）[3]計算求得。（1-51）（1-52）其中，為水線長度，為平均吃水（忽略縱傾取吃水）[6]。橫搖周期估算結(jié)果如表1-10所示。表1-10橫搖周期估算結(jié)果載況值壓載到港5.63152.220.4112壓載出港5.32152.940.4112滿載到港9.94160.870.3613滿載出港9.64160.910.3613通常對于大型貨船橫搖周期需要大于[8]，且橫搖周期不宜過長也不能過短，由表1-18可知，四種載況橫搖周期均滿足要求。2型線設(shè)計型線圖的繪的詳細(xì)過程如下。1）繪制橫剖線圖（1）根據(jù)主尺度的初步確定值將母型船的橫剖面按長寬比例進(jìn)行拉伸。（2）拉伸完成后要重新劃分橫剖面圖的、、、、、、、、、、、、、。（3）重新繪制橫剖面圖的剖線、、、、11925BL。2）繪制半寬水線圖（1）繪制半寬水線圖格子線。（2）將橫剖面外輪廓線和水下線與剖線的交點投影到半寬水線圖上，將各對應(yīng)點用的樣條曲線連接起來得到半寬水線圖。3）繪制縱剖線圖（1）采用與拉伸橫剖面圖相同的方法按比例拉升縱剖線圖，然后刪除水線剖線，保留外輪廓與站線，重新繪制其水線。（2）將繪制好的半寬水線圖中各水線與剖線的交點投影到縱剖面圖上。（3）將橫線圖中站線與水線的交點投影到縱剖面圖上。（4）將各剖線投影點用的樣條曲線連接起來得到縱剖線。4）型線的校核在繪制半寬水線圖的時候由于自己量的是按線性比例縮小的橫剖面的半寬值，可能會存在一點誤差，因此型線可能不夠光順。但是，由于從船舶設(shè)計原理中得知，在一定的CP之下，XB的選取決定了橫剖面面積曲線后半體的豐滿度。吃水為9.94m時，浮心縱向坐標(biāo)XC=2.912。經(jīng)過計算得XC=1.88%LPP，C型線圖如圖2-1與圖2-2所示。型值表見附錄A：24300DWT散貨船型值表。型線圖大圖見附錄B：24300DWT散貨船型線圖。圖2-124300DWT散貨船型線圖3靜水力計算靜水力曲線計算是船舶初步設(shè)計中的一個重要環(huán)節(jié)，它表示的是船舶在某一吃水的情況下，浮性和穩(wěn)性隨吃水的變化情況。浮性和穩(wěn)性是船舶諸多性能中比較重要的兩個，是保持船舶航行的基本浮態(tài)的性能。靜水力計算需要先計算各水線的水線面面積，水線面積的慣性矩以及水線面的漂心縱向坐標(biāo)。首尾站之間的水線面面積，可以運(yùn)用梯形法進(jìn)行計算。而超出梯形法計算的首位端的修正，可以用三角形修正或者梯形修正，所以需要測量首尾端半寬和高度。3.1靜水力計算及靜水力曲線圖的繪制靜水力計算結(jié)果匯總見表3-1與3-2。表3-1靜水力計算結(jié)果匯總表水線號船底線2342.9393.587————24.021000WL2785.6173.8602564.2782628.3853.7350.50028.552000WL2922.0404.0845418.1075553.5603.8621.02729.953000WL2980.6884.0378369.4718578.7083.9321.54630.554000WL3019.4224.07311369.52711653.763.9642.06230.955000WL3047.1204.06114402.79814762.873.9862.57531.236000WL3079.8573.92717466.28617902.943.9873.08831.577000WL3124.7393.29520568.58521082.83.9303.60332.038000WL3179.3762.01123720.64224313.663.7604.12132.599000WL3241.7100.83426931.18527604.473.4804.64333.23續(xù)表3-1水線號10000WL3300.606-0.21330202.34430957.402.8195.16933.8311000WL3349.045-1.18133527.16934365.353.5635.69834.3312000WL3383.654-1.18134329.24035187.472.8386.53034.6813000WL3434.800-1.44334884.63835756.752.1347.64835.21表3-2靜水力計算結(jié)果匯總表———0.603————22.435103.68718.3300.7170.9460.6960.7360.92111.68150.98820.1840.7530.9810.7350.7500.9277.79648.36026.8560.7680.9960.7570.7600.9365.85536.87527.8180.7781.0040.7710.7680.9414.69529.94128.6130.7851.0090.7820.7750.9453.92425.63229.7060.7931.0120.7900.7810.9453.38023.39631.9310.8051.0140.7980.7860.9402.95122.55735.5030.8191.0160.8050.7920.9332.66621.47338.3710.8351.0170.8120.7980.9232.41519.66939.4170.8501.0190.8200.8050.9152.21218.30040.7100.8631.0190.8270.8120.9402.19518.68142.5500.8711.0200.8360.8200.867續(xù)表3-22.19818.96343.8920.8851.0210.8410.8240.801本船靜水力曲線圖如圖3-1所示。大圖見附錄C：24300DWT散貨船靜水力曲線圖。圖3-124300DWT靜水力曲線圖靜水力曲線的計算誤差及精度分析：誤差主要由梯形法列表的計算誤差、面積修正誤差和形心的計算誤差組成。對三角形和梯形區(qū)域進(jìn)行了修正，不可避免地會產(chǎn)生一些誤差，在計算浮心的垂向坐標(biāo)時，水線面積的形心也被認(rèn)為是水線之間距離的近似中心，造成較大誤差，低水線面面積變化大誤差。3.2邦戎曲線繪制邦戎曲線表示的是船舶在縱傾狀態(tài)下排水體積和浮心坐標(biāo)的變化。由于我所設(shè)計的船有不等分間距的水線，需要分別計算它們的面積對基平面的靜距，以及它們的面積，每一條水線的面積和面積矩都以上水線自上而下和。邦戎曲線計算結(jié)果匯總?cè)绫?-3至表3-8所示。表3-3邦戎曲線計算結(jié)果匯總

站號面積靜矩面積靜矩面積靜矩艉封板0.000.000.000.000.000.0000.000.000.000.000.000.000.50.000.000.000.000.000.0010.360.001.120.583.183.721.50.960.282.661.576.958.0921.770.504.512.5811.2512.792.52.700.756.593.6915.9117.8233.881.048.994.9120.9823.0646.661.7214.407.5631.6233.5558.872.2718.989.9040.8842.83610.152.5821.0510.7843.8445.04710.792.7422.2511.3545.8246.75810.792.7422.2511.3545.8246.75910.792.7422.2511.3545.8246.751010.792.7422.2511.3545.8246.751110.802.7422.2711.3645.8446.75續(xù)表3-3

站號面積靜矩面積靜矩面積靜矩1210.802.7422.2711.3645.8446.751310.802.7422.2711.3645.8446.751410.802.7422.2711.3645.8446.751510.402.6621.8511.2845.6046.91169.022.3319.2710.0540.9242.61176.371.7114.547.8732.7135.29184.041.109.585.2922.8425.3918.52.500.726.633.8616.9119.45191.510.454.232.5111.3413.3519.50.640.202.071.306.267.71200.000.000.260.221.862.71表3-4邦戎曲線計算結(jié)果匯總站號面積靜矩面積靜矩面積靜矩艉封板0.000.000.000.000.000.0000.000.000.000.000.000.000.50.000.000.000.000.000.0015.579.717.8617.699.7025.921.511.8220.2916.8037.7021.7560.01續(xù)表3-4

站號面積靜矩面積靜矩面積靜矩219.0332.3127.5061.9936.71103.542.526.7845.1138.8787.5152.08147.06334.7657.6549.96110.9366.37184.86450.4780.7870.51150.9991.42245.16563.5099.4386.55180.10109.81284.80667.34103.8491.12187.06114.96294.35769.67106.3793.52189.84117.37297.17869.67106.3793.52189.84117.37297.17969.67106.3793.52189.84117.37297.171069.67106.3793.52189.84117.37297.171169.68106.3593.53189.82117.38297.151269.68106.3593.53189.82117.38297.151369.68106.3593.53189.82117.38297.151469.68106.3593.53189.82117.38297.151569.4472.9593.29156.42117.14263.751663.4198.8786.35179.22109.61283.921752.4184.6273.03156.8794.28252.551838.0563.5454.40120.8371.57198.1518.528.9249.5942.0295.5155.91158.07續(xù)表3-4

站號面積靜矩面積靜矩面積靜矩1919.9734.9929.5068.4239.69114.3419.511.6421.2217.7642.7024.4272.69204.088.276.9418.3610.5334.55表3-5邦戎曲線計算結(jié)果匯總站號面積靜矩面積靜矩面積靜矩艉封板0.000.000.000.000.000.0000.000.000.000.000.000.000.50.000.000.000.001.9815.19111.4335.4714.6856.8321.06105.341.527.1889.9234.53137.9744.93216.53247.06160.5459.06238.7373.11344.432.566.49226.3982.19328.6099.20456.33383.85281.13102.32401.22121.69546.644112.97363.72135.01507.01157.45675.415133.23413.61156.78566.70180.43744.136138.81425.53162.66580.55186.51759.437141.22428.34165.07583.37188.92762.248141.22428.34165.07583.37188.92762.24續(xù)表3-5

站號面積靜矩面積靜矩面積靜矩9141.22428.34165.07583.37188.92762.2410141.22428.34165.07583.37188.92762.2411141.23428.32165.08583.35188.93762.2212141.23428.32165.08583.35188.93762.2213141.23428.32165.08583.35188.93762.2214141.23428.32165.08583.35188.93762.2215140.99394.92164.84549.95188.69728.8216133.08412.99156.67566.30180.33743.7917116.00372.01138.07515.50160.44683.301889.41296.31107.80415.88126.64557.2718.570.45238.0885.54336.24101.11453.051950.43173.4461.63246.2473.19333.0619.531.46111.4738.72158.6946.00213.252014.3355.4418.1580.3021.76107.30表3-6邦戎曲線計算結(jié)果匯總站號面積靜矩面積靜矩面積靜矩艉封板0.000.000.916.960.916.9601.098.394.6935.978.4364.61續(xù)表3-6站號面積靜矩面積靜矩面積靜矩0.57.4056.7215.47118.6321.13161.98130.60177.9942.60269.4352.26343.131.558.06315.9273.18430.4786.31530.18289.07464.72106.61597.00122.82719.572.5117.44593.47136.82739.28155.40879.443141.89698.36162.81855.61183.231009.294180.21846.17203.191018.69225.961189.715204.16922.09227.941100.44251.651278.366210.36938.30234.211117.18258.061296.057212.77941.12236.621119.99260.471298.878212.77941.12236.621119.99260.471298.879212.77941.12236.621119.99260.471298.8710212.77941.12236.621119.99260.471298.8711212.78941.10236.631119.97260.481298.8512212.78941.10236.631119.97260.481298.8513212.78941.10236.631119.97260.481298.8514212.78941.10236.631119.97260.481298.8515212.54907.70236.391086.57260.241265.4516204.05921.73227.831100.07251.561278.12續(xù)表3-6

站號面積靜矩面積靜矩面積靜矩17183.06853.03205.901024.45228.581194.7618145.82701.25165.29847.37184.55992.0918.5117.06572.77133.32694.88149.35815.371985.01421.7496.94511.34108.78600.3219.552.97265.5359.48314.2266.23364.832024.29126.1125.11132.1827.02146.14表3-7邦戎曲線計算結(jié)果匯總站號面積靜矩面積靜矩艉封板4.0030.6410.9583.98016.83129.0227.00207.000.533.30255.3147.02360.51167.69460.9484.37588.291.5104.38667.48123.59813.252142.70869.87163.451026.612.5176.571038.93198.991207.903205.401176.09228.051346.434249.331365.16272.861541.755275.481457.11299.321635.96續(xù)表3-7站號面積靜矩面積靜矩6281.911474.93305.761653.807284.321477.74308.171656.628284.321477.74308.171656.629284.321477.74308.171656.6210284.321477.74308.171656.6211284.331477.72308.181656.6012284.331477.72308.181656.6013284.331477.72308.181656.6014284.331477.72308.181656.6015284.091444.32307.941623.2016275.401456.97299.251635.8717251.801369.02275.141544.2018204.551142.35224.791294.3318.5166.20942.02183.421071.3819121.28694.33134.41792.9619.572.86414.5580.54472.262027.32148.3628.57157.66表3-8邦戎曲線計算結(jié)果匯總站號上甲板邊線上甲板邊線至梁拱面積靜矩面積靜矩艉封板25.72268.2627.19290.13046.60450.4049.47492.720.570.43649.7474.75713.151110.56899.48116.39984.771.5151.801141.34159.071247.402193.201367.69201.851493.882.5229.471553.33238.121679.243258.471689.10267.501820.554303.721886.93313.082023.115330.331981.83339.812119.666336.761999.51346.242137.347339.172002.32348.652140.158339.172002.32348.652140.159339.172002.32348.652140.1510339.172002.32348.652140.1511339.182002.31348.662140.1412339.182002.31348.662140.1413339.182002.31348.662140.1414339.182002.31348.662140.14續(xù)表3-8站號上甲板邊線上甲板邊線至梁拱面積靜矩面積靜矩15338.941968.90348.422106.7316330.471984.26339.952122.1717305.871887.95315.052021.4318253.201613.85260.321717.8118.5208.151350.49213.721431.6419161.081102.24165.101162.4119.5103.39744.68105.76781.042040.48303.5041.24315.52本船邦戎曲線圖如圖3-3所示。大圖見附錄D：24300DWT散貨船邦戎曲線圖。圖3-324300DWT散貨船邦戎曲線圖邦戎曲線計算誤差及精度分析：對于邦戎曲線水線間面積對基平面的矩臂，與靜水力曲線計算相同，不直接用中點高度，均采用梯形法的形心計算公式，對于水線面面積變化較大的部分計算精度提高。當(dāng)然對于面積的計算仍會存在梯形法計算的誤差。

4總布置設(shè)計總布置圖是表示全船總體布置的圖樣，它是反映船舶布置地位方面的圖樣。總布置設(shè)計的圖可參考母型船的總布置圖，這樣既能保留母型船中的優(yōu)良設(shè)計，選擇擇最合理的方案。繪圖時參考一些規(guī)范要求，如船體制圖[9]以及船舶艙室設(shè)計[10]。4.1總體布局的區(qū)劃1）水密艙壁肋骨標(biāo)準(zhǔn)間距可通過下式（4-1）[8]計算：（4-1）式中：LS為結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計船長，若垂線間長在范圍內(nèi)，則用垂線間長代入計算。計算得：Sb=747mm。規(guī)范要求首尾尖艙和機(jī)艙肋距不能大于貨艙，因此，本船首尾尖艙、機(jī)艙肋骨間距設(shè)為600mm,貨艙肋骨間距為750mm,即：#45往船尾為600mm，#45～#210肋距為750mm，#210往船首為600mm。有關(guān)水密艙壁的規(guī)定[6]：對于的尾機(jī)型船舶，水密橫艙壁應(yīng)設(shè)6道以上，本船分別設(shè)置在#15、#45、#78、#103、#147、#182、#210這些肋位，共設(shè)置7道。2）機(jī)艙通過前文可知機(jī)艙長度取19.5m，這里考慮肋距19.8m。新船機(jī)艙布置是參考母型船機(jī)艙的布置進(jìn)行布置，所幸在降低了服務(wù)航速后新船的主機(jī)功率比母型船要小一些，主機(jī)長度也要小一些，參考母型船進(jìn)行布置會留有一定裕度不會出現(xiàn)機(jī)艙空間不足的情況。3）甲板與平臺本船甲板布置主要是參照母型船和一些規(guī)范[11]進(jìn)行布置的結(jié)果如表4-1所示。表4-1尾樓各層甲板上各個艙室的具體布置尾樓各層甲板名稱甲板上所設(shè)置的艙室艉樓甲板普通船員配餐間、廚房、干部船員配餐間、普通船員餐廳、干部船員餐廳、普通船員吸煙室、干部船員吸煙室、風(fēng)電管道、儲藏室、甲板部辦公室、輪機(jī)部辦公室、值班餐廳等艙室船長甲板電機(jī)員室、備員室、高級船員洗衣室、三管輪室、二管輪室、三副室、二副室、海關(guān)庫、報務(wù)主任室、輪機(jī)長辦公室、船長辦公室、臥室等艙室起居甲板應(yīng)急發(fā)電機(jī)室、油工室、鉗工室、機(jī)工室、大廚室、水手長室、廚工室、機(jī)匠長室、大管輪辦公室、臥室、大幅辦公室等艙室駕駛甲板里面有駕駛室、航行設(shè)備貯藏室、海圖室、衛(wèi)生間、蓄電池室、充放電室、引水員室、無線電室等艙室羅經(jīng)甲板里面有信號燈桅一根，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)磁羅徑一只等4)各種艙室的具體劃分先前按照一定的規(guī)范要求[12]，以及對新船艙室做了分艙草圖，結(jié)合之前的分艙草圖對艙室艙壁位置進(jìn)行確定，其確定結(jié)果如下表4-2所示。表4-2新船艙室的具體劃分新船艙室名艙室所處的位置舵機(jī)艙船尾～#12尾尖艙船尾～#12應(yīng)急消防艙#10～#12爐水艙（左右）#12～#18污水艙#18～#24滑油艙（左右）#30～#36油渣艙（右）#40～#43燃油艙#38～#45NO.5頂邊壓載水艙（左右）#45～#78續(xù)表4-2新船艙室名艙室所處的位置NO.5貨艙#45～#78NO.4頂邊壓載水艙（左右）#78～#113NO.4貨艙#78～#113NO.4底邊壓載水艙（左右）#78～#113NO.3頂邊壓載水艙（左右）#113～#147NO.3貨艙#113～#147NO.3底邊壓載水艙（左右）#113～#147NO.2頂邊壓載水艙（左右）#147～#182NO.2貨艙#147～#182NO.2底邊壓載水艙（左右）#147～#182NO.1頂邊壓載水艙（左右）#182～#210NO.1貨艙#182～#210NO.1底邊壓載水艙（左右）#182～#210錨鏈艙#210～#213艏尖艙#210～#船首冷卻水艙#10～#15機(jī)艙#15～#45重新劃分艙壁后機(jī)艙的長度略有增加，原先可以滿足倉容要求，現(xiàn)在肯定也滿著故不重新校核，貨艙容積的校核過程如下。計算貨艙實際容積。經(jīng)計算得，貨艙所需容積,貨艙可提供容積，故貨艙艙容符合設(shè)計要求。4.2總布置圖繪制本船參照母型船、按照船舶艙室設(shè)計[10]與船舶制圖[9]中對于繪制總布置圖的規(guī)范要求，進(jìn)行新船總布置圖的繪制，具體結(jié)果分艙與各層甲板布置如圖4-1所示和主船體部分各平臺布置如圖4-2所示。大圖見附錄E：24300DWT散貨船總布置圖（一）與附錄F：24300DWT散貨船總布置圖（二）。圖4-124300DWT散貨船總布置圖（一）圖4-224300DWT散貨船總布置圖（二）5螺旋槳設(shè)計5.1船體主要參數(shù)船型：單槳、球艏、球艉、流線型半懸舵、尾機(jī)型遠(yuǎn)洋散貨船?？傞LLoa=168.76m設(shè)計水線長LWL=162.8m垂線間長LPP=154.48m型寬B=23.85m型深H=14.30m設(shè)計吃水T=9.94m設(shè)計排水量△=30306.93t型排水體積▽=29567.74m方形系數(shù)CB=0.802菱形系數(shù)CP=0.805槳軸中心距基線Zp=3.17m由艾亞法[1]有效功率估算得船體有效馬力曲線數(shù)據(jù)如下表：表5-0有效馬力估算表航速（節(jié)）101112131415滿載（hp）1532.252046.802694.563516.64568.035918.645.2主機(jī)參數(shù)型號S42MC7型柴油機(jī)一臺最大持續(xù)功率7347hp轉(zhuǎn)速136r/min選向右旋5.3推進(jìn)因子的決定根據(jù)泰洛公式選取伴流分?jǐn)?shù)ω=0.5CB?0.05=0.3按經(jīng)驗公式?jīng)Q定推力減額分?jǐn)?shù)t==0.5CP?0.12=0.2取相對旋轉(zhuǎn)效率ηR船身效率ηH=（1?t）/（1?ω）=1.125.4可以達(dá)到的最大航速的計算采用MAU4葉槳圖譜進(jìn)行計算取功率儲備10%，軸系效率ηS=0.98螺旋槳敞水收到馬力:PD=7347*0.9*ηS*ηR=7347*0.9*0.98*1.0=6480.05(hp)根據(jù)MAU4-40、MAU4-55、MAU4-70的圖譜列表計算:表5-1按-δ圖譜設(shè)計的計算表項目單位數(shù)值假定航速Vkn10.011.012.013.014.0VA=V(1-ω)kn6.497.147.798.449.09BP=NPD0.5/VA2.586.2767.9854.6944.7737.209.298.257.406.696.10MAU4-40δ84.1277.1874.2771.5868.6P/D0.6090.634000.6470.660.674η00.5250.5510.5640.5760.584PTE=PD*ηH*η0hp37423928402041064163續(xù)表5-1項目單位數(shù)值MAU4-55δ82.767672.9570.1767.85P/D0.650.680.690.710.72η00.5070.5350.5490.560.574PTE=PD*ηH*η0hp36143814391339924092MAU4-70δ81.7475.267269.1866.6P/D0.660.690.700.720.73η00.4910.5160.5320.5440.551PTE=PD*ηH*η0hp35003678379238783992根據(jù)表5-1中的計算結(jié)果可繪制PTE、δ、P/D及η0對V的曲線圖5-1MAU葉槳圖譜設(shè)計計算結(jié)果從PTE-f(V)曲線與船體滿載有效馬力曲線之交點，可獲得不同盤面比所對應(yīng)的設(shè)計航速及螺旋槳最佳要素P/D、D及η0如表5-2所列。表5-2設(shè)計計算的最佳要素MAUVmaxP/DδD=δ*VA/Nη04-4013.640.67866.005.080.584-5513.540.73262.004.740.574-7013.420.74160.004.540.555.5空泡校核按伯努利空泡限界線中商船上限線，計算不發(fā)生空泡之最小展開比。槳軸沉深hs=T-ZP=9.94?3.17=6.77；PO?Pv=Pa+γhs?Pv計算溫度t=30℃Pv=433kgf/m2；PD=9797.256hp；ρ=104.63kgf?表5-3空泡校核計算結(jié)果序號項目單位數(shù)值MAU-40MAU-55MAU-701Vmaxkn13.6413.5413.422VA=0.5144Vmax(1-ω)m/s4.554.524.483(0.7πND/60)2(m/s)2458.56398.75370.994V20.7R=V2A+(3)(m/s)2479.30419.19391.065σ=(P0-PV)/(1/2ρV20.7R)0.6710.7680.8236τC（查柏利爾限界線圖)0.22350.23860.25327T=PD*75η0/VAkgf6190261284596638Ap=T/(1/2ρV20.7R*τC)m211.0511.7111.529AE=AP/(1.067-0.229P/D)m212.1213.0212.8410.0AE/A0=AE/（πD2/4)0.600.740.79圖5-2空泡校核計算結(jié)果根據(jù)計算結(jié)果作圖求得不發(fā)生空泡的最小盤面比以及所對應(yīng)的最佳螺旋槳要素。表5-4螺旋槳最佳要素螺旋槳最佳要素AE/Ao0.765752.140.765480724P/D0.7131284.0000.713D/m4.9152064.915η00.5745160.574Vmax13.52813.527884825.6強(qiáng)度校核按2001年《規(guī)范》校核t0.25R及t0.5R，見下表，應(yīng)不小于按下式計算之值：t=(Y/(K-X))^0.5Y=1.36A1Nε/ZbnεX=A2GAdN2D3/1010Zb計算功率Ne=7347*0.98=7200.08hpAd=AE/Ao=0.49=8°G=7.6g/cm3N=ne=b0.66R=0.266DAd/(0.1Z)=0.226*5.8*0.47/0.4=1.5324mb0.25R=0.7212b0.66R=1.1052mb0.6R=0.9911b0.66R=1.51表5-5強(qiáng)度校核計算表項目單位數(shù)值0.25R0.6R弦長bm1.5332.1070.7R處D/PD/P0.7634207D/P250151K1（查表7-2）1410635K2（查表7-2）434K3（查表7-2）2370850K4（查表7-2）241866309A1=(D/P)(K1-K2(D/P0.7))+K3(D/P0.7)-K48223Y=1.36A1Ne/(Zbne)3412K5（查表7-2）4165K6（查表7-2）380330K7（查表7-2）1.5332.107續(xù)表5-5項目單位數(shù)值0.25R0.6RK8（查表7-2）634207A2=(D/P)(K5+K6ε)+K7ε+K8(ε=8)12041017材料系數(shù)K（鎳鋁青銅）1.1791.179X=A2GAdN2D3/1010Zb0.1790.110t=√Y/(K-X)mm155.55076.832MAU標(biāo)準(zhǔn)槳葉厚度t'（表8-4)mm188107校核結(jié)果滿足要求滿足要求實取槳葉厚度mm241.1136.6實際槳葉厚度按t1.0R=0.0035D與t0.25R=241.1mm連直線決定 表5-6槳葉厚度計算表k= -298.5295333t0.2=256.0264767mmt0.3=226.1735233mmt0.4=196.32057mmt0.5=166.4676167mmt0.6=136.6146633mmt0.7=106.76171mmt0.8=76.90875667mmt0.9=47.05580333mm 5.7螺距修正根據(jù)尾軸直徑大小決定，轂徑比dh/D=0.18，此值與MAU槳標(biāo)準(zhǔn)轂徑比相同，故對此項螺距無需修正。由于實際槳葉厚度大于MAU槳標(biāo)準(zhǔn)厚度，故需因厚度差異進(jìn)行螺距修正。設(shè)計槳(t/b)0.7R=0.05標(biāo)準(zhǔn)槳(t/b)0.7R=0.055（取MAU4-55為基準(zhǔn)）s=VA/(NP)=(1-?)*V*30.886/(NP)=0.672△(t/b)0.7R=((t/b)0.7設(shè)-(t/b)0.7標(biāo)*0.55/0.47)*0.75=0.008△(P/D)t=-2(P/D)0(1-s)△(t/b)0.7R=-0.0077修正后的螺距比P/D=(P/D)0+△(P/D)t=0.70575.8重量及慣性矩計算根據(jù)MAU槳切面的面積數(shù)據(jù)用公式法計算得：表5-7重量及慣性矩計算表槳葉重Gb=0.169γZb(0.5t0.2+t0.6)(1-d/D)D(kg)11648.15649d0=0.045+0.108(PD/N)(1/3)-KLk/20.399047993槳轂重Gh=(0.88-0.6d0/d)Lkγd24349.983377總重G=Gb+Gh15998.13987總慣性矩I=0.0948γZbmax(0.5t0.2+t0.6)D3192499.53885.9敞水性征曲線之確定由MAU4-40，MAU4-55，P/D=0.64的敞水性征曲線內(nèi)插得到MAU4-46.8，P/D=0.71的敞水性征曲線的數(shù)據(jù)表。表5-8設(shè)計槳的敞水特性數(shù)據(jù)表J00.10.20.30.40.50.60.7KT0.2850.2530.2200.1870.1490.1070.0620.033KQ0.2960.2660.2360.2050.1750.1420.1050.057圖5-3設(shè)計槳的敞水性征曲線5.10系柱特性計算由圖得J=0時，KT=0.285，KQ=0.0296計算功率PD=7347*0.98=7200.08hp系柱推力減額分?jǐn)?shù)t0=0.04主機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)矩Q=(PD*60*75)/(2ΠN)=67826.50kgf·m系柱推力T=(KT/KQ)*(Q/D)=132622.56kgf螺旋槳轉(zhuǎn)速N=60(T/(ρD4KT))?=165.73r/min5.11航行特性計算取轉(zhuǎn)速為136r/min，131r/min，126r/min進(jìn)行計算，結(jié)果如表所示表5-9航行特性計算表項目單位數(shù)值Vkn10.011.012.013.014.0VA=0.5144(1-ω)Vm/s3.343.674.014.344.67N=130J=VA/nD0.320.350.380.410.44KT0.180.170.160.150.14KQ0.020.020.020.020.02PTE=KTρn2D4?(1-t)V/145.6hp33303411351435743626PS=KQ2πnρn2D5/75ηs?ηRhp77757524729071707051N=125J=VA/nD0.330.370.400.430.46KT0.180.160.150.140.13KQ0.020.020.020.020.02PTE=KTρn2D4?(1-t)V/145.6hp30883104313231703199PS=KQ2πnρn2D5/75ηs?ηRhp68916575646863606145續(xù)表5-9項目單位數(shù)值Vkn10.011.012.013.014.0