賓語從句TheObjectClause目錄CONTENTSPart01賓語從句的定義Part02賓語從句的句法功能Part03賓語從句的連接詞Part04賓語從句中的語序Part05賓語從句中的時(shí)態(tài)變化Part06賓語從句練習(xí)題PART01賓語從句的定義PART01賓語從句的定義試比較:We

know

him.簡單句主謂賓We

know

helikesEnglish.主謂賓主謂賓復(fù)合句賓語從句主句簡言之，賓語由一個(gè)詞變成了一句話，就叫作賓語從句。FindouttheobjectclauseIbelievethatheishonest.Irememberthathegavemeabookyesterday.IhopethatIcanreceiveyoure-mail.Idon’tknowwhetherhe’llarriveintime.賓語從句主句PART02賓語從句的句法功能PART02賓語從句的句法功能1.作動詞的賓語HewantedtoknowwhenwewouldhavetheEnglishparty.2.作介詞的賓語Italldependsonwhetheritwillbefinenextweek.3.作系表結(jié)構(gòu)的賓語Iamsurethathewillsucceedsoon.大多數(shù)及物動詞都可以接賓語從句介詞后常用whether、which、whom引導(dǎo)賓語從句系表結(jié)構(gòu)中多用表示情感態(tài)度的形容詞可接賓語從句的動詞短語？findout查明pointout指出makesure/certain確保/弄清楚keepinmind牢記PleasefindoutwhentheshipsailsforNewYork.請查明那艘船什么時(shí)候起航開往紐約。PART03賓語從句的連接詞PART03賓語從句的連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句Hesaid(that)hecouldfinishhisworkbeforesupper.Hetoldme(that)hissistercamebackyesterday.Ihear(that)hewillbebackinanhour.注：that在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語當(dāng)中往往省略。PART03賓語從句的連接詞whether、if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句whether/if引導(dǎo)賓語從句表示“是否”Idon’tknowwhether/ifhestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.Iwonderif/whetherheisadriver.Sarahwantstoknowif/whethershehaspassedtheexam.一般情況下whether/if可互換，但在某些情況下，只能用whether：PART03賓語從句的連接詞1引導(dǎo)介詞后的賓語從句時(shí)23與ornot直接連用時(shí)動詞不定式之前只能用whetherI’minterestedinwhetherhejoinsthearmy.ItdependsonwhetherIhaveenoughtime.We’renotsurewhetherornotthere’llberaintomorrow.Idon’tknowwhetherornothewillcome.Shedoesn’tknowwhethertogo.Whethertogoorstayisaquestion.PART03賓語從句的連接詞特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句Hedidn’ttellmewhenwewouldmeetagain.Iwonderedwhereheboughtthebook.Shewonderedwhohadsenttheflowers.MikeaskedmehowIfinishtheworkontime.who,whom,whose,which,what,where,how,why,when…引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，這些詞在句中不可省略，有意義。PART04賓語從句中的語序PART04賓語從句中的語序陳述語序HeaskedmewhatIdidyesterdayafternoon.Doyouknowwhywinteriscolderthansummer?Iwanttoknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.賓語從句必須用陳述句語序，即按照“主語+謂語”的順序。PART04賓語從句中的語序TrytocorrectCanyoutellmewhatisyourjob?Shewonderedwhyareyoulate.Idon’tknowwhatthematteriswithhim.whatyourjobis?whyyouarelate.whatisthematterwithhim.（特殊）PART04賓語從句中的語序溫馨提示W(wǎng)hat’swrong/thematterwithsb./sth.?作賓語時(shí)，語序不變。Idon’tknowwhatisthematterwithhim.=Idon’tknowwhat’swrongwithhim.我不知道他怎么了。PART05賓語從句中的時(shí)態(tài)變化PsART05賓語從句中的時(shí)態(tài)變化1當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)情況而定。Iremember(that)Ihear(that)ShewondersIhear(that)hegavemeabookyesterday.heoftenlistenstotapes.whenhewillcomeback.TomistalkingwithJimnow.主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(一般過去時(shí))(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))(一般將來時(shí))(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí))從句根據(jù)情況而定PART05賓語從句中的時(shí)態(tài)變化2當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)，賓語從句應(yīng)用一種相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。He

told

me(that)Shesaid(that)HeaskedmeHesaid(that)hewouldtakepartinthehighjump.shewas

goingtoAmerica.ifIhadhadfunattheparty.hewasreadingabook.主句一般過去時(shí)(過去將來時(shí))(過去將來時(shí))(過去完成時(shí))(過去進(jìn)行時(shí))PART05賓語從句中的時(shí)態(tài)變化3當(dāng)賓語從句為客觀事實(shí)或真理時(shí)，從句不受主句限制，永遠(yuǎn)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。theearthgoesaroundthesun.Hetoldme(that)thesunrisesintheEast.Weknew(that)lighttravelsfasterthansound.Ourteachertoldus(that)Let’sconclude主句時(shí)態(tài)從句時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)根據(jù)句意而定一般過去時(shí)相應(yīng)的過去某種時(shí)態(tài)任意時(shí)態(tài)客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言警句、諺語等一律用一般現(xiàn)在賓語從句三要素連接詞thatwhether,if特殊疑問詞who,when,where,what,how…時(shí)態(tài)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定主句為一般過去時(shí)：從句應(yīng)用一種相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)從句表示客觀真理時(shí)不受主句限制，從句永遠(yuǎn)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)語序陳述語序：連接詞+主+謂PART06賓語從句練習(xí)題Exercise–Doyouknow__________yesterday?-Yes.Hewentfortheboatrace.whydidn’tPetergotoschoolwhydoesn’tPetergotoschoolwhyPeterdidn’tgotoschoolwhyPeterdoesn’tgotoschoolCExercise2.Ifyoucan’tfindtheplace,Iwillshowyou_____________.whatitiswhatitwaswhereitiswhereitwasCExercise3.-Idon’tknow________.-Becausehehastolookafterhismother.whyheisleavingwhyisheleavingwhetherheisleavingwhetherisheleavingAExercise4.–Manypeoplearewondering______________intheforest.-It’sreportedthataburningcigarettebutt(煙頭)causedit.what

caused

the

firewhenthefirehappenedhowdidthefirehappenwhydidthefirehappenAExercise1.Jacksaid.Heisreadingabook.→2.Heasksme.Aretheyplayingagame?→3.Whereisthehospital?Heaskedme.→4.Whob