賓語(yǔ)從句TheObjectClause目錄CONTENTSPart01賓語(yǔ)從句的定義Part02賓語(yǔ)從句的句法功能Part03賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞Part04賓語(yǔ)從句中的語(yǔ)序Part05賓語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)變化Part06賓語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題PART01賓語(yǔ)從句的定義PART01賓語(yǔ)從句的定義試比較:We

know

him.簡(jiǎn)單句主謂賓We

know

helikesEnglish.主謂賓主謂賓復(fù)合句賓語(yǔ)從句主句簡(jiǎn)言之，賓語(yǔ)由一個(gè)詞變成了一句話，就叫作賓語(yǔ)從句。FindouttheobjectclauseIbelievethatheishonest.Irememberthathegavemeabookyesterday.IhopethatIcanreceiveyoure-mail.Idon’tknowwhetherhe’llarriveintime.賓語(yǔ)從句主句PART02賓語(yǔ)從句的句法功能PART02賓語(yǔ)從句的句法功能1.作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)HewantedtoknowwhenwewouldhavetheEnglishparty.2.作介詞的賓語(yǔ)Italldependsonwhetheritwillbefinenextweek.3.作系表結(jié)構(gòu)的賓語(yǔ)Iamsurethathewillsucceedsoon.大多數(shù)及物動(dòng)詞都可以接賓語(yǔ)從句介詞后常用whether、which、whom引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句系表結(jié)構(gòu)中多用表示情感態(tài)度的形容詞可接賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)？findout查明pointout指出makesure/certain確保/弄清楚keepinmind牢記PleasefindoutwhentheshipsailsforNewYork.請(qǐng)查明那艘船什么時(shí)候起航開(kāi)往紐約。PART03賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞PART03賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句Hesaid(that)hecouldfinishhisworkbeforesupper.Hetoldme(that)hissistercamebackyesterday.Ihear(that)hewillbebackinanhour.注：that在句中無(wú)詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語(yǔ)當(dāng)中往往省略。PART03賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞whether、if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句whether/if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句表示“是否”Idon’tknowwhether/ifhestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.Iwonderif/whetherheisadriver.Sarahwantstoknowif/whethershehaspassedtheexam.一般情況下whether/if可互換，但在某些情況下，只能用whether：PART03賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞1引導(dǎo)介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)23與ornot直接連用時(shí)動(dòng)詞不定式之前只能用whetherI’minterestedinwhetherhejoinsthearmy.ItdependsonwhetherIhaveenoughtime.We’renotsurewhetherornotthere’llberaintomorrow.Idon’tknowwhetherornothewillcome.Shedoesn’tknowwhethertogo.Whethertogoorstayisaquestion.PART03賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句Hedidn’ttellmewhenwewouldmeetagain.Iwonderedwhereheboughtthebook.Shewonderedwhohadsenttheflowers.MikeaskedmehowIfinishtheworkontime.who,whom,whose,which,what,where,how,why,when…引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，這些詞在句中不可省略，有意義。PART04賓語(yǔ)從句中的語(yǔ)序PART04賓語(yǔ)從句中的語(yǔ)序陳述語(yǔ)序HeaskedmewhatIdidyesterdayafternoon.Doyouknowwhywinteriscolderthansummer?Iwanttoknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.賓語(yǔ)從句必須用陳述句語(yǔ)序，即按照“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)”的順序。PART04賓語(yǔ)從句中的語(yǔ)序TrytocorrectCanyoutellmewhatisyourjob?Shewonderedwhyareyoulate.Idon’tknowwhatthematteriswithhim.whatyourjobis?whyyouarelate.whatisthematterwithhim.（特殊）PART04賓語(yǔ)從句中的語(yǔ)序溫馨提示W(wǎng)hat’swrong/thematterwithsb./sth.?作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不變。Idon’tknowwhatisthematterwithhim.=Idon’tknowwhat’swrongwithhim.我不知道他怎么了。PART05賓語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)變化PsART05賓語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)變化1當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)情況而定。Iremember(that)Ihear(that)ShewondersIhear(that)hegavemeabookyesterday.heoftenlistenstotapes.whenhewillcomeback.TomistalkingwithJimnow.主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(一般過(guò)去時(shí))(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))(一般將來(lái)時(shí))(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí))從句根據(jù)情況而定PART05賓語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)變化2當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用一種相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。He

told

me(that)Shesaid(that)HeaskedmeHesaid(that)hewouldtakepartinthehighjump.shewas

goingtoAmerica.ifIhadhadfunattheparty.hewasreadingabook.主句一般過(guò)去時(shí)(過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí))(過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí))(過(guò)去完成時(shí))(過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí))PART05賓語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)變化3當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句為客觀事實(shí)或真理時(shí)，從句不受主句限制，永遠(yuǎn)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。theearthgoesaroundthesun.Hetoldme(that)thesunrisesintheEast.Weknew(that)lighttravelsfasterthansound.Ourteachertoldus(that)Let’sconclude主句時(shí)態(tài)從句時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)根據(jù)句意而定一般過(guò)去時(shí)相應(yīng)的過(guò)去某種時(shí)態(tài)任意時(shí)態(tài)客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言警句、諺語(yǔ)等一律用一般現(xiàn)在賓語(yǔ)從句三要素連接詞thatwhether,if特殊疑問(wèn)詞who,when,where,what,how…時(shí)態(tài)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)：從句應(yīng)用一種相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)從句表示客觀真理時(shí)不受主句限制，從句永遠(yuǎn)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)語(yǔ)序陳述語(yǔ)序：連接詞+主+謂PART06賓語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題Exercise–Doyouknow__________yesterday?-Yes.Hewentfortheboatrace.whydidn’tPetergotoschoolwhydoesn’tPetergotoschoolwhyPeterdidn’tgotoschoolwhyPeterdoesn’tgotoschoolCExercise2.Ifyoucan’tfindtheplace,Iwillshowyou_____________.whatitiswhatitwaswhereitiswhereitwasCExercise3.-Idon’tknow________.-Becausehehastolookafterhismother.whyheisleavingwhyisheleavingwhetherheisleavingwhetherisheleavingAExercise4.–Manypeoplearewondering______________intheforest.-It’sreportedthataburningcigarettebutt(煙頭)causedit.what

caused

the

firewhenthefirehappenedhowdidthefirehappenwhydidthefirehappenAExercise1.Jacksaid.Heisreadingabook.→2.Heasksme.Aretheyplayingagame?→3.Whereisthehospital?Heaskedme.→4.Whob