Unit2單元話題完形填空專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

（名校最新真題）

（2022?重慶八中高二月考）TrackersonIce

JustbecauseascientistpulsaGPStrackingcollaronawildpolarbeardoesnotmeantheanimalwillwillingly

keepiton.1thesehugecollarsarepurposefullyloosesothatifonebecomesannoying,abearcan

2it.ButscientistshavenowfoundawaytousesignalsfromthediscaMed（丟棄的）devices.

“Thesedroppedcollars3wouldhavebeenconsideredgarbagedata,“saysNatashaKlappstein,apolar

bearresearcherattheUniversityofAlberta.Sheandhercolleaguesinsteadused4fromsuchcollars,lefton

seaiceinCanada'sHudsonBay,totracktheiceitself.Fortheirstudy,publishedinJuneinTheCryosphere,the

researchers5twentycollarsthatsentmovementdataconsistert（^..一致的）wilhicedriftratherthanpolar

bear6between2005and2015.TheresultingrecordsofhowmeltingicetypicallydriftsinHudsonBayare

unique;therearenoeasily7on-the-groundsensors,andsatelliteobservationsoftencannot8capture

themotionofsmallicesheets.

Theteamcomparedthediscardedcollars'movementswithwidelyusedice-driftmodelingdatafromtheU.S.

NationalSnowandIceDataCenter（NSIDC）.CollardataindicatedthattheNSIDCmodelunderestimatesthespeed

atwhichicemovesaroundinHudsonBay-aswellastheoverall9ofdrift.Overthecourseofseveralmonths

themodelcoulddriftawayfromaniccsheet'slocationbyafewhundredkilometers,theresearcherssay.

Thismeansthebearsmaybeworkingharder,whenmovingagainstthedirectionoftheice,thanscientists

had10/'Sincewe'reunderestimatingthespeedofdrift,we'relikelyunderestimatingtheenergeticeffort

ofpolarbears,"saysNatashaKlappstein.Theresearchreveals11insisht（洞悉）intohowhighlymobile

icemoves.Asmeltingincreasesincomingyears,suchicewilllikelybecomemore12farthernorth,inthe

centralArctic.ScientistshadknownNSIDCdatacouldunderestimatedriftspeeds,but“anytimewecanfindadata

13.itisagoodthing.^^

Plus,suchdatacouldimprovepredictionsabouthowoilspillsorotherpollutantsmayspreadinseas

14withdriftingice,saysWaltMeier,aseniorNSIDCresearchscientist,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.

Thefindingsmayeven15futureNSIDCmodels.uIt*sareallynicedataset,“MeiersaysJAndcertainly

onewe'lltakeconsideration.

1.A.InfactB.InawayC.InadditionD.Intheend

2.A.destroyB.removeC.resistD.reject

3.A.particularlyB.relevantlyC.intentionallyD.potentially

4.A.estimatesB.subjectsC.measurementsD.patents

5.A.displayedB.identifiedC.justifiedD.preserved

6.A.behaviorB.habitatC.mannerD.motion

7.A.flexibleB.favorableC.accessibleD.changeable

8.A.internallyB.accuratelyC.securelyD.independently

9.A.extentB.damageC.trendD.limit

10.A.agreedB.promisedC.provedD.assumed

11.A.immediateB.superiorC.entireD.timely

12.A.evidentB.uniqueC.commonD.realistic

13.A.gapB.scanC.boomD.fit

14.A.replacedB.litteredC.packedD.matched

15.A.reverseB.resembleC.influenceD.motivate

（2021?上海?格致中學(xué)高二期末）Doyourememberhowyoufeltthefirsttimeyourodebike?Whatabout

yourfirstheartbreak?16momentsandtheemotionstheyarousecanresonateinourmindsfordecades,

powerfullyshapingwhowearcasindividuals.Butforthosewhoexperienceseveretrauma（創(chuàng)傷），suchpainful

memoriescanleavepeoplewithlif>changingmentalconditions.So,whatiftraumaticmemoriesdidnothaveto

causesomuch17?Fornow,theworkishappeninginmice.

Neuroscientistsusuallydefineasingularmemoryasanengram—aphysicalchangeinbraintissue18

aparticularrecollection.WhileatMITin2013,SteveRamirezofBostonUniversityandhisresearchpartnerXu

Liuhadabreakthrough:Theywereabletotargetthecellsthat19oneengraminamouse'sbrainandthen

implantafalsememory.Iniheirwork,mice20infeartoaparticularstimulusevenwhentheyhadnotbeen

conditionedinadvance.

Intheircurrentwork,Ramirezandhiscolleaguesareinvestigatingwhether21memoriescanbe

“overwritten"bypositiveones.Intheirexperiments,positivememoriesarccreatedbyputtingmalemiceincages

withfemaleonesforanhour,andnegativememoriesarccreatedbyputtingthemiceincagesthatdeliverbrieffoot

shocks.Afterasurgicaloperationonthemice,theresearchersfindthat22positivememorieswhilemouse

isinacagemakesitlessfearful.Theythinkthatthismemory44retraining"maybehelpingto23someofthe

mouse'strauma.24,itisunclearwhether（hoseoriginalfearmemoriesarecompletelylostorjust

suppressed（抑制）.

25Ramirez'steamstressesthattheirworkinmiceispreliminary（初步的），theyseetreatmentpotential

forhumansdowntheroad.ThosesufferingfromPTSDordepressioncouldhavetheirmemories26,for

instance,sothattheydon'thaveastrong27responsetopainfulrecollections.

Ifit'sonedaypossibletoalterhumanmemory,whoshouldbeallowedtoreceivethattreatment?Andwould

the28systembeatadisadvantageifkeywitnessesandvictimscannotrememberacrime?Theseare

questionsNewYorkUniversitybioethicistArthurCaplansaysareworththinkingaboutbeforethetechnologyis

readyforhumanclinicalsettings.

Asneuroscientistsprogresswiththeirresearch,theysaythese29issuesarcbeingtakenintoaccount.

Ramirezsees（heideaof30memoriesasneithergoodnorbad.Likewater,itjustdependsonhowyouuse

16.A.ForgettableB.MemorableC.SustainableD.Believable

17.A.fruitB.differenceC.painD.movement

18.A.associatedwithB.exchangedforC.sentencedtoD.deprivedof

19.A.putoffB.pickupC.turnonD.makeup

20.A.reactedB.hurriecC.stunnedD.resolved

21.A.short-termD.negativeC.enjoyableD.reliable

22.A.deletingB.decreasingC.activatingD.pausing

23.A.recreateB.eliminateC.liberateD.memorize

24.A.ThereforeB.BesidesC.IndeedD.However

25.A.SinceB.UnlessC.UntilD.While

26.A.removedB.strengthenedC.alteredD.stimulated

27.A.emotionalB.physicalC.controversialD.mechanical

28.A.immuneB.justiceC.medicalD.commerce

29.A.mentalB.ethicalC.criminalD.equality

30.A.killingB.multiplyingC.controllingD.justifying

（2022?全國?高二單元測(cè)試）Recentlywecarriedoutasurveyofl,（X）0peoplefromdifferentcountriesto

findoutwhattheythink31v/illbelikeinthefuture.Theresultsclearlyshowbothour32andfears.

Thesurveysuggeststhat33—oneofthemostimportanthumanrelationships—willchangegreatly.

PeoplewillmakefriendsthroughtheInternet.Computerswillbecomereally34by2050.Evennow,some

peopledescribethemastheirbestfriends!Others,35.saythatwewillbecomemuchmoreisolated（孤立

的jfromeachother36\vcwillhavelittlerealhumancommunication.

Educationwill37alottoo.Asmoreandmorechildrenwillbeusingcomputersinschools,

certain38,suchasmentalarithmetic（心算），won'tbenecessary.Evenwritingbyhandwillhavebecomea

thingofthe39

Accordingtothesurvey,homelifewillbe40Mostpeoplebelievethatby2050robotswillbedoing

thehouseworkandwewillbeeating41food.Alotofpeoplethinkthatwemightonlycookforfuninthe

future.Spaceexplorationwillbecomeincreasingly42Fiftypercentofthepeoplewetalked

to43thatmanwillregularly（定期地）visitMars.

Pollutionissomething（hatseemsto44manypeople.Somefearthatitwill45togetworse,

andthatourplanetwillbecome46toliveon.Otherseven47thatonedaywe'11havetopayfor

cleanair.

48.peopleseemtobequiteoptimisticaboutgeneticengineering（基因工程）,astheythinkscientists

willuseitto49diseaseslikecancerandAIDS.

Nomatterhowdarkorbrightitmayseem,itisuptousto50ourplanetandtrytomakeitabetter

place.

31.A.educationB.lifeC.natureD.space

32.A.hopesB.tearsC.rightsD.plans

33.A.marriageB.leadershipC.friendshipD.neighborhood

34.A.privateB.perfectC.necessaryD.expensive

35.A.howeverB.insteadC.anyhowD.therefore

36.A.untilB.unlessC.becauseD.although

37.A.provideB.completeC.receiveD.change

38.A.factsB.abilitiesC.goalsD.thoughts

39.A.endB.pastC.momentD.future

40.A.busierB.saferC.sadderD.easier

41.A.unhealthyB.frozenC.over-cookedD.ready-made

42.A.famousB.cheapC.popularD.difficult

43.A.doubtB.believeC.rememberD.warn

44A.confuseB.frightenC.satisfyD.worry

45.A.stopB.continueC.refuseD.begin

46.A.coldB.impossibleC.suitableD.free

47.A.expectB.promiseC.predictD.wish

48.A.AsaresultB.InotherwordsC.InasimilarwayD.Ontheotherhand

49.A.catchB.spreadC.preventD.carry

50.A.takeoverB.lookafterC.payforD.thinkabout

（2021?全國?1島二單元測(cè)試）Whatwillmanbelikeinthefuture?Howaboutin5,（XX）oreven50,00（）years

fromnow?Wecanonlymakea51ofcourse,butwecanbesurethathewillbedifferent

from52heistoday,formanisslowly53allthetime.

Letustakeanexample.Man,even500yearsago,was54thanheistoday.Now,onaverage,menare

aboutthreeinchestaller.500yearsisarelativelyshortperiodof55sowcmayguessthatman

wi1156togrowtaller.

Again,inmodernworldweuseour57agreatdeal.Evenso,westill58onlyabout20%of

thebrain*scapacity（容量）.Astime59.however,wcshallhavetouseourbrainsmoreandmore-and

finallyweshallneedevenlargerones!Thisislikelyto60aphysicalchange,too.Thehead.61、

theforehead,willgrowlarger.

Nowadaysoureyesarcin62use.Infact,weusethemsomuchthatveryoftentheybecomeweaker

andwehavetowear63Butoveraverylongperiodoftimeitislikelythatman'seyeswillgrowstronger.

Ontheotherhand,we64tomakelessuseofourarmsandlegs.These,asaresult,arelikelytogrow

weaker.Atthesametime.65ourfingerswillgrowmoresensitive（敏感的）becausetheyarcusedagreat

dealinmodemlife.

Butwhatabouthair?Thiswillprobably66fromthebodyaltogetherincourseoftimebecauseitdoes

not67ausefulpurposeanylonger.Inthefuture,（hen,bothsexesarelikelytobebald（無發(fā)或少發(fā)的）.

Perhapsallthisgivestheimpressionthatfuturemanwillnotbeavery68creaturetolookat!Allthe

same,inspiteofallthesechanges,futuremanwillstillhavealotin69withus.Hewillstillbeahuman

being,with70andemotionssimilar（oourown.

51.A.guessB.researchC.jokeD.decision

52.A.whatB.howC.thatD.which

53.A.dyingB.changingC.growingD.improving

54.A.longerB.tallerC.biggerD.shorter

55.A.journeyB.lifeC.timeD.distance

56.A.stopB.continueC.keepD.hope

57.A.mindsB.headsC.brainsD.hearts

58.A.occupyB.chooseC.controlD.use

59.A.passesdownB.goesonC.movesawayD.runsout

60.A.causeB.takeC.occurD.lead

61.A.intotalB.introubleC.inparticularD.incharge

62.A.constantB.practicalC.properD.suitable

63.A.hatsB.smilesC.clothesD.glasses

64.A.planB.meanC.tendD.decide

65.A.thereforeB.howeverc.otherwiseD.besides

66.A.growB.appearc.disappearD.survive

67.A.haveB.keepc.holdD.serve

68.A.attractiveB.uglyc.specialD.ordinary

69.A.sizeB.differencec.appearanceD.common

70.A.bodiesB.thoughtsc.mouthsD.noses

(2021?吉林?長春市第二十九中學(xué)高二階段練習(xí))WhenIwasaboy1dreamedofmyfuture.Iwasgoing

tobeacowboy.ThenIdreamedofbeingafirefighterand71peoplefromburningbuildings.Ijustcouldn't

72togrowupandbeanadult.Afteriwenttocollegeandthosedreams73.IthoughtIwould

beascientist,thenIswitchedtobeingateacher.WhenI74andhadchildren,mydreamsofthefuture

changedagain.Nowitwasn'tsomucha75careerthatIdreamedofbuta(imewhenIcouldbesettled

and76andmyfamilyandIwouldfinallybeproblemfree.

Thatdream,ofcourse,didn't77.Infact,noneofthosedreamsevercametolife.Ittookmemany

yearsaswellto78thatlivinginadreamfuturewaslivingina79andthateachmomentIspent

therewastakingamomentawayfromthe80NOW.Isawthattherecouldbenoperfect,problemfree

futurebecauseproblemsareapartof81.

ItisonlyintheNOW(hatwecantrulylive.Ourdreamsforthefuturearejustthat:82.Whether

theycometrueornotisn'tas83ashowweliveeachdayhere.Ahugsharedtodaycanneverbe

84.Anactofkindnessnotgivennowislostforever.Amomentoflovemissedcanneverbe

85again.EachsecondoftheNOWispreciousandpriceless.Don'twasteaoneofthem.

71.A.liberatingB.carryingC.rescuingD.supporting

72.A.waitB.stopC.stayD.rest

73.A.remainedB.matchedC.brokeD.changed

74.A.retiredB.marriedC.succeededD.divorced

75.A.certainB.firmC.promisingD.professional

76.A.silentB.gentleC.secureD.uncertain

77.A.loseB.happenC.produceD.destroy

78.A.recognizeB.appreciateC.concludeD.realize

79.A.hopeB.fantasyC.fableD.vision

80.A.preciousB.favoriteC.commonD.popular

81.A.activityB.movementC.lifeD.business

82.A.realitiesB.dreamsC.purposesD.treasures

83.A.famousB.seriousC.impressiveD.important

84.A.replacedB.followedC.recoveredD.reviewed

85.A.pickedupB.brokenupC.madeupD.putup

（2020?全國?高二專題練習(xí)）FindingHome

“IhateNewOrleans!Iwannagohome!,,I86tomymotheraswemovedboxes.87.goinghome

wasnoteasybecausemyhomewas1,100milesaway.

Iwasbornand88innorthernVirginia.Virginiawasmyhome,andIneverexpectedthatto89.

In2014,myfamilyexperiencedatragedy（悲劇），somyparentsdecidedtomovetomymom'shometownofNew

Orleans.

Onlythreemonthsaftermyparentsmadethe90tomove,Ifoundmyselfmovingboxesintoournew

house.MyannouncementtomymotherthatI91thenewenvironmentwaspartlymotivatedbyhowhotit

was.butitwasmostlyduetothefactthatIfeltlikemyentirelifehadbeenturnedupsidedown.1,100milesaway

fromeveryoneandeverythingIhadeverknown,Iwas92.Tomakemattersworse,Iwasstartinghighschool

intwoweeksBeginninghighschoolisascary93onitsown.

IspentmyfirstfewmonthsinNewOrleans,___94___wantingtogohometoVirginia.Butafterafewmonths

ofmissinghome,I95thatIhadachoice.IcouldcontinuethinkingabouthowmuchImissedmyold

home,96Icouldsiarttryingtobuildanewhomerighthere.Ichose（helatter.

AssoonasIstoppedgivingallmy97tohowmuchImissedVirginia,Iwasabletobeginaccepting

thelovethatpeoplewerealreadygivingme.Ijoinedsomeclubsatschool,whichgavemethechancetomake

friends.MyneighbortaughtmehowtocooksomeNewOrleansfood,andIfoundawonderful98of

fellowcooksandneighbors.Overall,Iseizedeverypossibleopportunityto99myselfandtorebuildmy

life.

Becauseofmyresilience（復(fù)原力）increatinganewhomeformyselfandthe100thatpeoplehave

showntome,homeisrighthere.

86.A.announcedB.repliedC.turnedD.pointed

87.A.ThereforeB.InsteadC.HoweverD.Besides

88.A.trainedB.raisedC.promotedD.fed

89.A.developB.continueC.existD.change

90.A.attemptB.suggestionC.excuseD.decision

91.A.preferredB.missedC.hatedD.imagined

92.A.surprisedB.frightenedC.delightedD.relieved

93.A.performanceB.activityC.presentationD.experience

94.A.partlyB.badlyC.slightlyD.hardly

95.A.realizedB.rememberedC.obsenedD.complained

96.A.andB.butC.orD.so

97.A.attentionB.patienceC.trustD.confidence

98.A.generationB.communityC.raceD.school

99.A.teachB.acceptC.judgeD.better

100.A.beliefB.freedomC.loveD.interest

參考答案：

I.A2.B3.D4.C5.B6.D7.C8.B9.A10.D11.D12.C13.A14.B15.C

【分析】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了科學(xué)家通過被丟棄的項(xiàng)圈獲得數(shù)據(jù)來研究北極冰的移動(dòng)。

1.考查介詞短語辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，這些巨大的項(xiàng)圈是故意松開的，如果一個(gè)項(xiàng)圈讓熊覺得討厭，熊可

能會(huì)把它取下來。A.Infacl事實(shí)上；B.Inaway某種程度上；C.Inaddition另外；D.Intheend最后。根據(jù)

上下文可知，科學(xué)家將GPS跟蹤項(xiàng)圈放在野生北極熊身上，并不意味著北極熊會(huì)愿意繼續(xù)使用它。后文表

示實(shí)際情況，項(xiàng)圈是故意松開的，可以被北極熊摘下的。故選A項(xiàng)。

2.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，這些巨大的項(xiàng)圈是故意松開的，這樣如果一個(gè)項(xiàng)圈讓熊覺得討厭，

熊可能會(huì)把它取F來。A.destroy摧毀;B.remove移掉,脫卜，摘F；C.resist抵抗,抵制;D.reject拒絕。

此處表示北極熊不愿帶項(xiàng)圈時(shí)，項(xiàng)圈是可以被北極熊摘下的。故選B項(xiàng)。

3.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“這些掉下來的項(xiàng)圈很有可能被認(rèn)為是垃圾數(shù)據(jù)，”阿爾伯塔大學(xué)的北極熊研

究人員娜塔莎?克拉普斯坦說。A.particularly尤其;B.relevantly相關(guān)地；C.intentionally有意地；D.potentially

有可能地。根據(jù)上文語境，由于項(xiàng)圈可以被松開，因此，這部分掉下來的項(xiàng)圈很有可能被認(rèn)為是垃圾數(shù)據(jù)。

故選D項(xiàng)。

4.考查名詞詞義辨析二句意：相反，她和她的同事利用遺留在加拿大哈德遜灣的冰塊上留下的項(xiàng)圈上的測(cè)

量數(shù)據(jù)來追蹤冰塊本身。A.estimates估計(jì);B.subjects主題;C.measurements測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù);D.patents專利。

與上文garbagedata呼應(yīng)，根據(jù)本句中“fromsuchcollars”可知，在項(xiàng)圈上的應(yīng)該是測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)。故選C項(xiàng)。

5.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在六月份發(fā)表在《冰凍圈》上的研究中，研究人員鑒定了20個(gè)項(xiàng)圈，它們

在2(X)5年到2015年之間發(fā)送的運(yùn)動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)與冰層漂移而不是與北極熊的運(yùn)動(dòng)一致。A.displayed展示；B.

identified識(shí)別，鑒定；C.justified證明合法；D.preserved保護(hù)。此處是出于研究目的，從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)來看只

有identified最符合搭配。故選B項(xiàng)。

6.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在六月份發(fā)表在《冰凍圈》上的研究中，研究人員鑒定了20個(gè)項(xiàng)圈，它們

在2005年到2015年之間發(fā)送的運(yùn)動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)與冰層漂移而不是與北極熊的運(yùn)動(dòng)一致。A.behavior行為；B.

habitat棲息地;C.manner方式、禮儀；D.motion運(yùn)動(dòng)。本題為單詞復(fù)現(xiàn)題。第8空所在的句子“andsatellite

observationsoftencannotaccuratelycapturethemotionofsmallicesheets”中出現(xiàn)了motiono故選D項(xiàng)。

7.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：關(guān)于融化的冰如何在哈德遜灣典型漂移的結(jié)果記錄是獨(dú)特的：地面?zhèn)鞲衅?/p>

不易探測(cè)，衛(wèi)星觀測(cè)常常無法準(zhǔn)確捕捉小冰原的運(yùn)動(dòng)。A.flexible靈活的；B.favorable贊許的；C.accessible

易接近的、可理解的：D.changeable”『改變的。根據(jù)“oftencannot”及“noeasily”可知，此處表示無法探測(cè)地

面?zhèn)鞲衅?。故選C項(xiàng)。

8.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：關(guān)于融化的冰如何在哈德遜灣典型漂移的結(jié)果記錄是獨(dú)特的：地面?zhèn)鞲衅鞑?/p>

易探測(cè)，衛(wèi)星觀測(cè)常常無法準(zhǔn)確捕捉小冰原的運(yùn)動(dòng)。A.internally內(nèi)部地；B.accurately精確地；C.securely

安全地；D.independently獨(dú)立地,根據(jù)"capturethemotionofsmallicesheets”及“noeasily”可知,此處表示

無法精確捕捉小冰原的運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)。

9.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：項(xiàng)圈數(shù)據(jù)表明，NSIDC模型低估了哈德遜灣海冰移動(dòng)的速度——以及漂移

的總體范圍。A.extent范圍；B.damage毀壞;C.trend趨勢(shì);D.limit限制。根據(jù)K文“Overthecourseof

severalmonthsthemodelcoulddriftawayfromanicesheet'slocationbyafewhundredkilometers”可知，止匕處

指總體的漂移范圍.故選A項(xiàng)。

10.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:這意味著北極熊在逆冰移動(dòng)的時(shí)候可能比科學(xué)家們想象的更加努力。A.agreed

同意;B.promised保證;C.proved證明;D.assumed設(shè)想,假設(shè)。根據(jù)后文的“undere保mating”可知,此處

表示科學(xué)家的設(shè)想。故選D項(xiàng)。

11.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這項(xiàng)研究及時(shí)地揭示了高速移動(dòng)的冰是如何移動(dòng)的。A.immediate立刻

的:B.superior更好的,卜.級(jí)的:C.entire整體的：D.timely及時(shí)的&從文章后面對(duì)于沂■年的羔變化的描

述來看，此處是表達(dá)科學(xué)家對(duì)于冰蓋漂移發(fā)現(xiàn)的及時(shí)性。故選D項(xiàng)。

12.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于冰川融化在未來幾年會(huì)增加，這樣的冰塊在更北邊的地方可能會(huì)變

得更常見。A.eviden【清晰可見的；B.unique獨(dú)一無二的；C.common普通的，常見的；D.realistic現(xiàn)實(shí)

的,根據(jù)"Asmeltingincreasesincoiningyears”推測(cè)，這樣的冰塊在北方更為常見。故選C項(xiàng)。

13.考查名詞詞義辨析二句意：科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)知道NSIDC的數(shù)據(jù)可能會(huì)低估漂移速度，但“任何時(shí)候我們

都匏發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)缺口，這是一件好事."A.g叩缺口；B.scan掃描；C.boom（貿(mào)易和經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的）激增；D.

fit（癲癇等的）突發(fā),發(fā)作。根據(jù)"NSIDCdatacouldunderestimatedriftspeeds"和“itisagoodthing.”可知,

這里指發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)缺口。故選A項(xiàng)。

14.考查過去分詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，未參與這項(xiàng)研究的NSIDC資深研究科學(xué)家WaltMeier說：“這

些數(shù)據(jù)可以改善對(duì)溢油或其他污染物如何在滿是浮冰的海洋中擴(kuò)散的預(yù)測(cè)。"A.replaced被替換的；B.

litiered散放的；C.packed被打包的；D.matched被配對(duì)的。此處“l(fā)iileredwilhdriftingice”修飾“ocean"，為

過去分詞作后置定語，意思為：滿是浮冰的。故選B項(xiàng)。

15.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這樣的發(fā)現(xiàn)甚至也許會(huì)影響未來的NSIDC模型。A.reverse逆轉(zhuǎn)：B.resemble

類似,像；C.influence影響；D.motivate激勵(lì)。上文有提到模型和實(shí)際的差距,因此這項(xiàng)研C只能影響到

新的模型，做出調(diào)整和改進(jìn)。故選C項(xiàng)。

16.B17.C18.A19.D20.A21.B22.C23.B24.D25.D26.C27.A28

.B29.B3U.C

【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了神經(jīng)科學(xué)家們?cè)诶鲜笊砩献鰧?shí)驗(yàn)，看是否可以改變大腦中有關(guān)痛

苦的那些記憶，且該實(shí)驗(yàn)已經(jīng)取得初步效果。

16.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那些記憶深刻的時(shí)刻和他們激起的情感可以幾十年在我們的頭腦中產(chǎn)生

共鳴，塑造著我們是誰。A.Forgettable忘記了的：B.Memorable記憶深刻的：C.Sustainable可持續(xù)的：D.

Believable可以相信的。根據(jù)上句"Doyourememberhowyoufeltthefirsttimeyourodebike?”（作者問第一

次埼車的時(shí)候）可知，作者在講過去的記憶。故選B。

17.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果這些創(chuàng)傷不會(huì)造成如此多的傷害，那會(huì)怎么樣呢？A.fruit水果；

B.diffcrcncc不同，影響；C.pain痛苦；D.movement運(yùn)動(dòng)。根據(jù)上句“suchpainfblmemoriescanleavepeople

wiihlife-changingmenialconditions.（這曲痛苦的記憶會(huì)給人們帶來改變生活的精神狀況。）“創(chuàng)傷”應(yīng)該是痛

苦的經(jīng)歷，所以會(huì)造成“痛苦故選C。

18.考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家通常定義一個(gè)記憶為“一個(gè)印跡符號(hào)”-在大腦組織中的和一

個(gè)特定的記憶有關(guān)的物理改變。A.associatedwith和…有關(guān)：B.exchangedfor交換：C.sentencedto判刑：

D.deprivedof剝奪?！癲efineasingularmemoryas”本句解釋的是“memory”的定義,recllection是它的近義

詞,因此應(yīng)該是“和它相關(guān)的故選A。

19.考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：他們能夠瞄準(zhǔn)那個(gè)構(gòu)成記憶符號(hào)的細(xì)胞，然后植入一個(gè)虛假的記憶。A.put

off推遲；B.pickup撿起；C.turnon打開；D.makeup構(gòu)成。根據(jù)“aphysicalchangeinbraintissue3

aparticularrecollection.”（科學(xué)家對(duì)“engram”的定義）可知,那個(gè)細(xì)胞儲(chǔ)存著記憶,構(gòu)成了記憶符號(hào)。故選

Du

20.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在他們的工作中，老鼠會(huì)對(duì)某個(gè)特定的刺激作出驚恐的反應(yīng)，即使當(dāng)它們

提前沒有遭遇到這種情況。A.reacted反應(yīng)；B.hurried匆忙；C.stunned震驚；D.resolved決心。根據(jù)“They

wereabletotargetthecellsthat4oneengraminamouse'sbrainandthenimplantafalsememory.”

（科學(xué)家們?cè)谧鲅芯?，“往它們體內(nèi)植入虛假的記憶所以應(yīng)該是老鼠對(duì)此作出反應(yīng)。故選A。

21.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在他們當(dāng)前的工作中，他和同事正在調(diào)查是否這些消極的記憶可以被積

極的記憶改寫。A.shuii-ieun長期的；B.negative消極的：C.enjoyable快樂的：D.ieliable可靠的。根據(jù)后

文的“beuoven^rritten^^bypositiveones”可知，本空應(yīng)該是它的反義詞。故選B。

22.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在對(duì)老鼠進(jìn)行外科手術(shù)之后科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)老鼠在籠子里的時(shí)候激活那

些積極的記憶會(huì)讓它不再那么恐俱。A.dclcting刪除；B.decreasing減少；C.activating激活；D.pausing暫

停>根據(jù)"positivememoriesarecreatedbyputtingmalemiceincageswithfemaleonesfbranhour”，（科學(xué)家們

對(duì)老鼠輸入了積極的記憶），所以推測(cè)本句指“激活”這些積極記憶。故選C。

23.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句?。核麄冋J(rèn)為這種記憶的''重新訓(xùn)練”有助于去除掉老鼠的?些創(chuàng)傷。A.recreate

重新創(chuàng)造；B.eliminaie消除；C.liberate解放；D.memorize記住。根據(jù)下文，“itisunclearwhetherthose

originalfearmemoriesarecompletelylostorjustsupp^essed^^（不知這些原始恐懼是否完全消失）可知，本句

指這樣做可以“消除”掉一些創(chuàng)傷。故選B。

24.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，是否這些原始的恐懼記憶完全消除或抑制是不清楚的。A.Therefore

因此；B.Besides另外；C.Indeed實(shí)際上；D.However然而。根據(jù)上文“Theythinkthatthismemory

uretrainingumaybehelpingto8someofthemouse'strauma.5,,這樣做有助于消除恐懼記憶，

下句乂講“能否完全消除還不清楚”，因此兩句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D。

25.考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管他們的團(tuán)隊(duì)強(qiáng)調(diào)他們?cè)诶鲜笊砩系某晒皇浅醪降?，但是他們也看?/p>

了在這條路上為人類治療的潛力,ASince因?yàn)?；B.Unless除非；C.Until直到；D.While然而。根據(jù)從句

中“preliminary（初步的）”一詞，及主句中“潛力”一詞，可推出主從句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D。

26.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，那些遭受抑郁的人們就可以讓他們的記憶被轉(zhuǎn)換，以致于他們對(duì)痛

苦的經(jīng)歷沒有一種強(qiáng)烈的反應(yīng)。A.removed移除：B.strengthened力Fl強(qiáng)：C.altered轉(zhuǎn)換：D.stimulated剌激。

根據(jù)"Ramirez'steamstressesthattheirworkinmiceispreliminary（初步的），theyseetreatmentpotentialfor

humansdowntheroad^,“科學(xué)家們?cè)趯?duì)老鼠做實(shí)驗(yàn)的成效中，看到了人類治療的潛能“，所以本句是這種

“潛能”應(yīng)用的例子，就是可以轉(zhuǎn)換人的記憶。故選C。

27.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，那些遭受抑郁的人們就可以讓他們的記憶被轉(zhuǎn)換，以致于他