絕密★考試結(jié)束前學(xué)年第一學(xué)期寧波六校聯(lián)盟高一高二期中聯(lián)考高一年級(jí)英語學(xué)科試題考生須知：本卷共8頁滿分分，考試時(shí)間分鐘。答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫班級(jí)、姓名、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)及準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)并填涂相應(yīng)數(shù)字。所有答案必須寫在答題紙上，寫在試卷上無效。考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題紙。第一部分聽力共兩節(jié)，滿分分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)共5小題；每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inasupermarket.B.Onafarm.C.Athome.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Ijustboughtsomestrawberriesfromthesupermarket.Thesalespersonsaidtheywerefreshfromthefarm.M:I’llgotothekitchenandwashthem.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Meetaclient.B.afile.C.Preparemeetingmaterials.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Bill,I’mbusypreparingmeetingmaterials.Iwaswonderingifyoucouldhelpmetranslatethisfile.M:Isthaturgent?Ineedtomeetaclientlater.第1頁/共27頁W:Inthatcase,I’llasksomeoneelseforhelp.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Aplay.B.Anactor.C.Acase.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Ilikethisactor.Hisactingisexcellent.Heonceplayedacarpenterinaplay.W:Ilikehisroleasapolicemanwhosolvesmanytoughcases.Hereallyinspiresme.IwanttobelikehimwhenIgraduate.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhatdoesthewomanthinkofJacob?A.He’scapable.B.He’sexperienced.C.He’sbadtempered.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:IheardthatJacobhadaquarrelwithourboss.Heisnotexperiencedinworkandhasabadtemper.W:ButIthinkJacobisquitecapableofdoingmuchwork.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whoisthewomanprobablytalkingto?A.Adoctor.B.Herhusband.C.Herson.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Mysonhasbeensneezingalotthismorning.Canyouexaminehim?M:Oh,letmesee.Howoldishe?W:Threeyearsold.M:Hejusthasacold.Iwillprescribehimsomethingforthat.第二節(jié)共小題；每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。第2頁/共27頁6.What’saproblemofAIaccordingtotheman?AHighcost.B.Privacyrisks.C.Slowspeed.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?AGotothebank.B.Ordersomefood.C.Returnhome.【答案】6.B7.B【解析】【原文】W:Nowartificialintelligence(AI)isusedinallaspects.TheNationalCenterforMissing&ExploitedChildrenhasusedAItohelpmanymissingchildrenreturnhome.M:That’sagoodthing.However,youcan’tignorethatAIcanalsobeharmfultohumans.Forinstance,AIisboundtohaveaccesstomanyusers’privatedata,anditsometimescannotprotectprivacywell.W:Butit’sreallyconvenient.Andalotofprocessescanbeautomatedwhenyou’reatthebank.M:Let’sorderfirstandtalkoverdinner,okay?W:OK.8.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnDecember15th.B.OnDecember10th.C.OnDecember5th.9.Whatisthewoman’snationality?A.Chinese.B.Japanese.C.Korean.10.Whatdoesthemanalwaysdoonhisbirthdays?A.Havelongevitynoodles.B.Haveseaweedsoup.C.Goouttosingkaraoke.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【解析】【原文】W:Mybirthdayisonly10daysaway,andIplantospenditwithmyparents.M:IsthatonDecember15th?W:M:Whatdoyouusuallydotocelebrateyourbirthday?W:Iusuallyhavelongevitynoodlesandgoouttosingkaraoke.第3頁/共27頁M:AreyoufromChina?W:butIworkinJapanM:Isee.InKorea,wealwayshaveseaweedsouponourbirthdays.W:Iknow,becauseIoftenseethatinKoreandramas.WhydoesthewomanstudyRussian?A.She’sinterestedinit.B.Shewantstomakemorefriends.C.She’sgoingabroad.12WhatdoesthewomanfinddifficultinlearningRussian?A.Pronunciation.B.C.Grammar.13.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.ReadRussianaloud.B.Dogrammarpracticeandreflect.C.Memorizethewords.【答案】A12.C13.B【解析】【原文】W:I’mhavingdifficultyinlearningRussian.M:Ididn’tknowyouwerelearningRussian.Areyougoingabroad?W:No.I’mjustfascinatedbyRussianitself.Ihaveaskedmanyfriendsforadvice.IrememberyouareaRussianmajor,right?M:Doyouhavetroublewithpronunciation,oranythingelse?W:Infact,IlistentotapesandreadRussianaloudeverymorning,soIthinkmypronunciationisnotbad.Besides,I’mgoodatmemorizingthewords,somyvocabularyisalsogood.TheproblemisthatIreallydon’tunderstandtheuseofgrammar.M:Itisessentialforbeginnerstolayasolidfoundation.shoulddomoregrammarexercisesandgiveyourselftimeforreflection.Practicemakesperfect.W:Isee.Thankyou.14.WhywillthemangotoCalifornia?A.Forsightseeing.B.Forawedding.C.Forameeting.第4頁/共27頁15.Wherearethespeakers?A.InB.InNevada.C.InAlaska.16.Howmuchdoesthemanneedtopay?A.$300.B.$320.C.$340.17.Howwillthemanpay?A.Bycheck.B.Bybankcard.C.Incash.【答案】14.C15.B16.A17.C【解析】【原文】W:ThriftyCarRental.CanIhelpyou?M:Myfriendremendedyourpanytome.Sherentedyourcarandwenttoforsightseeinglastmonth.I’mgoingtoCaliforniaforaconferencethisweekendandit’sashortdrivefromNevadatogetthere,soIhavetorentacarfortwodays.W:Okay.Whatsizedoyouhaveinmind?M:Amidsizedcarisperfect.W:Howaboutthatblackcar?$170adayincludingtaxandinsurance.M:Canyoumakeitalittlecheaper?W:Howabout$10M:eon.MysisterisgettingmarriedinAlaskanextmonth.IfI’msatisfiedwithyourpanythistime,I’lldefinitelyebackagainnextmonth.W:inthatcase,Iwouldask$150aday.M:Deal.W:Howwouldyouliketopay,bycheckorbankcard?M:I’msorryIonlycarrysomecashonme.W:Okay.Andremembertoreturnthecarwithafulltankofgas.18.Whatdidthestudyshow?A.Lessthanhalfchangedtheiremotion.B.Onlyhalfwereanxious.C.85%handledanxietywell.第5頁/共27頁19.Whatmayhappenwhenyouareunderstress?A.Planningyourjourneyahead.B.Ignoringsomeimportantdetails.C.tobecalledbyfriends.20.Whatisthespeaker’slastsuggestion?A.Focusonsomethingelse.B.Skipyournormalroutine.C.searchingforsymptomsonline.【答案】18.A19.B20.C【解析】【原文】W:Notsolongago,Ihadacoupleofphysicalcheckups,whichthankfullyturnedouttobenothingserious.ButforthosetenlongdayswhileIwaswaitingfortheresults,Iwasanervouswreck.Frankly,Icouldhavehandleditbetter.Don’tBeHardonallcopedifferentlyintimesofstress.A2017USstudyofpeoplewaitingformedicalresultsfoundthatjustunderhalfreporteda“changeinemotionalstate”—and85percentofthisgroupsaidtheywereanxious.ChecktheSmallIfyou’reexpectingaphonecall,checkwhichnumberyou’llbecalledonandatapproximatelywhattime.Ifyouhaveaninpersonappointment,planyourjourneyinadvance.Itsoundsobvious,butit’stheseallimportantdetailsthattendtoslipthroughthenet,particularlywhenwe’reunderstress.toDistractStickingtoyournormalroutineisusuallythebestoption.Beingphysicallyactivegivesyourbrainsomethingelsetofocuson,whichhelpslowerstressandanxietylevels.Don’tConsult“Dr.Google”Everytimeascarynewthoughtpopsintoyourhead,it’salltooeasytostartgooglingsymptomsandpotentialoutes.Butremember,whateverinformationyoufindonlinewon’tbespecifictoyoursituationandcouldwellbeinaccurateormisleading.第二部分：閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題；每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的、、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。第6頁/共27頁AAreyoulookingforsomemovies?landedontherightplace.Let’stakealookatthelistI’vecollected.AABeautifulMindisthestoryofJohnNash,amathematicianwhowentontowintheNobelPrizeforhisGameTheory.Thismoviebringshiswholejourneyonscreen—fromhisbeginningtohisdownhillride.Thefirsthalfisallabouthisrisetofamewhilethesecondhalfshowshowheslowlyfallsintomadness.Aftermanyyearsoffighting,hefinallyisvictorious.ThestoryisaboutanautomechanicwhofallsforAlbertEinstein’sniece.Theonlyproblemisthatsheisengaged(已訂婚的)tosomeoneelse.Fortunately,Einsteinlikeshim.Theyoungmanpretendstobeaphysicisttorunafterher,butthingsdon’tgoashehasplanned.IfABeautifulMindwasalittletooheavyforyou,I.Q.wouldbetheperfectfit.It’salightdramathatisfunnyandheartwarmingforthemostpart.GoodWillHuntingisatouchingtaleofatroubledyoungmancalledHuntingwhoisgiftedwithanaturaltalentinmathematics.However,heisstrugglingtofindhisidentity.Hecansolveanymathproblem,butnottheoneheseemstobestrugglingwithinhislife.HislifeseemstobegettingonlyworseuntilonedayhemeetsSean,atherapist,whohelpshimfinddirectioninlife.Creationisastoryofafamousscientist,CharlesDarwin,bestknownforhisTheoryofEvolution.Thismovieattemptstobringhisstrugglingdaysintofocus,thetimewhenhewasdealingwiththelossofhisdaughterandwassufferingfromhallucinations(幻覺).Atthesametime,hewasworkingonabookcalledOntheOriginofSpecies,whichhefinallypleted.Allinall,Creationisagreathistoricaldrama.21.Ifyouareinterestedinarelaxingmovie,whichonecanyousee?A.I.QB.CreationC.ABeautifulMindD.GoodWillHunting22.Whoareexpertsinmathematics?A.HuntingandSean.B.JohnNashandHunting.C.CharlesDarwinandSean.D.JohnNashandCharlesDarwin.第7頁/共27頁23.What’sthemainpurposeofthetext?A.introducemovies.B.promotescience.C.remendactors.D.paremovies.【答案】21.A22.B23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹4部電影?！?1題詳解】I.Q部分“IfABeautifulMindwasalittletooheavyforyou,I.Q.wouldbetheperfectfit.It’salightdramathatisfunnyandheartwarmingforthemostpart.(如果《美麗心靈》對(duì)你來說有點(diǎn)沉重，那么《智)”可知，I.Q是一部輕松的戲劇，適合讓人放松。故選A。【22題詳解】ABeautifulMind部分“ABeautifulMindisthestoryofJohnNash,amathematicianwhowentontowintheNobelPrizeforhisGameTheory.來憑借博弈論獲得了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng))”和GoodWillHunting部分“GoodWillHuntingisatouchingtaleofatroubledyoungmancalledHuntingwhoisgiftedwithanaturaltalentinmathematics.Hunting)”可知，JohnNash和Hunting是數(shù)學(xué)家。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Areyoulookingforsomemovies?landedontherightplace.Let’stakealookatthelistI’vecollected.()給讀者介紹一些電影。故選A。BInKatmaiNational.Park,amotherbearandhercubwalktowardus,thensitdownandnap,pletelyateasewithusbeingaround.Andthefeelingisshared.Myhusband,nervousaboutbeingnearsuchlargepredators(捕食者)anhourago,nowrelaxessomuchthathefallsasleepinthegrasstoo.TheKatmaicoastcanonlybereachedbyairorsea.Itsfarawaylocationhelpskeepbearviewingsafe.Ourguide,Bachrach,tellsusthatthemonviewofbearsasviolentpredatorskillingformeatactuallyonlyshowspartofthepicture.TheKatmaispringseesbearsfeastonplantsanddigforshellfishduringlowtide.FromlateJunetoSeptember,theymovetosalmonfilledriversforthesalmon,buttheyalsokeepeatinggrassandberries.第8頁/共27頁Eachtimewespotabear,Bachrachremindsustoreaditsbehavior.Ifthebearappearsrelaxed,wecanwatchforawhilefromasafedistance.Asresponsiblevisitors,wemustneverletitgettooclose,andneverletevenabitofourfoodfalltotheground.Bachrachlearnedthisthehardwayafterabearenteredacabinandstayednearthedoorfordays,expectingmoreafterfindingfruit.Besides,wemustalsoavoiddisturbingthebearswhiletheyfeed.Astheydrinkalongtheriver,wecarefullymovearoundthem.“Whatdoyouthinkpeoplegetoutofseeingbears?”IaskBachrach.“I’vewatchedvisitorsgofromhesitanttoamazed,thenfortable,andthenobservantandthoughtful.Hopefullytheylearntosharespacewithwildanimals.Thosewhodon’tlearntosharedon’tgrowalongsideeachother.Andthosewhoshare,do,”hesays.24.Whydoesthehusbandfallasleep?A.Heisuninterestedinbears.B.Hedoesn’twanttodisturbthebears.C.Heenjoystheauthor’spany.D.Hefeelssafeintheenvironment.25.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Bears’attackingbehavior.B.Katmai’sfarawaylocation.C.Bears’differentdiets.D.Katmai’schangingseasons.26.Whatshouldaresponsiblebearvisitordo?A.Followbearsclosely.B.Sharefoodwithbears.C.tobears.D.bearsonly.27.WhatdoesBachrachhopepeoplelearnfrombearviewing?A.liveinpeacewithwildlife.B.surviveinthewild.C.increasespaceforwildlife.D.lookafterbearsthoughtfully.【答案】24.D25.C26.D27.A【解析】KatmaiBachrach對(duì)于如何與熊共處、觀賞熊的注意事項(xiàng)和意義的講解。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Myhusband,nervousaboutbeingnearsuchlargepredators(捕食者)anhourago,nowrelaxessomuchthathefallsasleepinthegrasstoo.(我的丈夫一個(gè)小時(shí)前還因?yàn)榭拷@么大型的捕食者而緊張，現(xiàn)在放松得在草地上也睡著了)”可知，作者的丈夫之前因?yàn)榭拷笮筒妒痴叨o張，但現(xiàn)在他感到非常放松，以至于在草地上睡著了。由此可推斷，他感到環(huán)境是安全的，所以才能安心入睡。故選D項(xiàng)。第9頁/共27頁【25題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容“TheKatmaicoastcanonlybereachedbyairorsea.Itsfarawaylocationhelpskeepbearviewingsafe.Ourguide,Bachrach,tellsusthatthemonviewofbearsasviolentpredatorskillingformeatactuallyonlyshowspartofthepicture.TheKatmaispringseesbearsfeastonplantsanddigforshellfishduringlowtide.FromlateJunetoSeptember,theymovetosalmonfilledriversforthesalmon,buttheyalsokeepeatinggrassandberries.(只能乘飛機(jī)或乘船到達(dá)卡特邁海岸。其偏遠(yuǎn)的位置有助于保證觀熊的安全。我們的向?qū)achrach告訴我們，人們普遍認(rèn)為熊是兇猛的食肉動(dòng)物，為了吃肉而殺戮，這實(shí)際上只是事情的一部分?？ㄌ剡~的春天，熊會(huì)大吃植物，并在低潮時(shí)挖貝類。從6月下旬到9月，它們會(huì)遷移到滿是鮭魚的河流去捕食鮭魚，但它們也會(huì)繼續(xù)吃草和漿果)”可知，本段主要介紹了熊的不同飲食習(xí)慣，包括吃植物、挖貝類以及捕食鮭魚等。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】Asresponsiblevisitors,wemustneverletitgettooclose,andneverletevenabitofourfoodfalltotheground.(作為負(fù)責(zé)任的游客，我們決不能讓它靠得太近，也決不能讓我們的食物掉到地上)”和“Besides,wemustalsoavoiddisturbingthebearswhiletheyfeed.(此外，我們還必須避免在熊進(jìn)食時(shí)打擾它們)”可知，作為負(fù)責(zé)任的觀熊者，應(yīng)該保持與熊的安全距離，不要讓食物掉落到地上，同時(shí)避免在熊進(jìn)食時(shí)打擾它們。也就是說，負(fù)責(zé)任的觀熊者應(yīng)該只是觀察熊，而不應(yīng)該做其他可能干擾熊的行為。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】Bachrach的話“Hopefullytheylearntosharespacewithwildanimals.Thosewhodon’tlearntosharedon’tgrowalongsideeachother.Andthosewhoshare,do,(希望他們學(xué)會(huì)與野生動(dòng)物共享空間。那些不學(xué)會(huì)分享的人不會(huì)共同成長(zhǎng)。而那些學(xué)會(huì)分享的人會(huì))可知，Bachrach希望人們從觀熊中學(xué)會(huì)與野生動(dòng)物共享空間，共同成長(zhǎng)，和平共處。故選A項(xiàng)。CRandallMunroe,whousedtoworkonrobotsatNASA,explainsscienceinafunandeasytounderstandwayinhisbookWhatIf?Onceyougetusedtohisuniquewritingstyle,youcangoonmanyamazingtripswithhimandlearnwhilelaughing.Andyouwillcertainlylearn.ThereisasortofjoyingettingrealanswerstothestrangequestionsMunroeissenteveryday.Howeverunusualthetopicsare,Randalltakesthemseriously.Forexample,ifyousetameateatingdinosaur(恐龍)freeinNewCity,howmanyhumanswouldithavetoeattomeetitsneedeachday?MunroethinksNewcouldsupportabout350dinosaurs.That’sgoodtoknow,butwehopewedon’tneedtousethis第10頁/共27頁information.Thebook’scoverisafullsizepictureofwhattheEarthwouldlooklikeiftheoceanswereremoved.Thebackhassomeinterestingfactsyoumightwanttoknowbeforebuyingit(eatingthebookwouldgiveyouabout2,300calories(卡路里)ifyoucouldtakeinpaper).Thanks,Randall!AlthoughMunroeknowsalotandcanperfectlyexplainthesciencebehindthequestions,WhatIf?isnotatextbook.Whenaskedwhatwouldhappenwhenyouthrewabaseballatlightspeed,hesaystherewouldbeashockwaveexpanding(膨脹)outwards,andquicklymoveson.Heisansweringthequestionafterall,butifyouarelookingfordetailedclassroomstyledescriptionsofwhatMunroeistalkingabout,you’reoutofluck.Butthat’swhatmakesitgreat.WhatIf?islightenoughtoattractyou,butdeepenoughtomakeyoucuriousaboutscienceonechapteratatime.Ifyou’rewillingtogoalongwithMunroe’sideasandguesses,you’reinforanexcitingjourneyofthemind.28.WhatcanbefoundinthebookWhatIf?A.Storiesoffunjourneys.B.Picturesoftheoceans.C.Latestscientificexperiments.D.Discussionsofunrealsituations.29.HowdoesMunroedealwiththequestionsinhisbook?A.Hedirectanswers.B.Hepaysnoattention.C.Heremendstextbooks.D.Hedigsintomanypossibilities.30.WhatisMunroe’swritingstylelike?A.Formalanddetailed.B.Lightbutconfusing.C.Humorousandeducational.D.Imaginativebutunclear.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhatIf?:ACollectionofFunnyScienceJokesB.WhatIf?:AScientificAdventurewithMunroeC.WhatIf?:AGuidebookonHealthyEatingHabitsD.WhatIf?:AQuestionbasedBookaboutLife【答案】28.D29.A30.C31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了蘭德爾·門羅所著《那些古怪又讓人憂心的問題》一書，包括其內(nèi)容、寫作風(fēng)格以及與讀者的互動(dòng)方式等。【28題詳解】第11頁/共27頁細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Howeverunusualthetopicsare,Randalltakesthemseriously.Forexample,ifyousetameateatingdinosaur(恐龍)freeinNewCity,howmanyhumanswouldithavetoeattomeetitsneedeachday?(需要吃多少人類才能滿足需求？)”可知，書中討論了一些不切實(shí)際的情況，如恐龍?jiān)诩~約市需要吃多少人類等。因此，在《那些古怪又讓人憂心的問題》這本書中可以發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)不切實(shí)際情況的討論。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“AlthoughMunroeknowsalotandcanperfectlyexplainthesciencebehindthequestions,WhatIf?isnotatextbook.Whenaskedwhatwouldhappenwhenyouthrewabaseballatlightspeed,hesaystherewouldbeashockwaveexpanding(膨脹)outwards,andquicklymoveson.(以完美地解釋這些問題背后的科學(xué)，但《那些古怪又讓人憂心的問題》不是教科書。當(dāng)被問及以光速投擲棒球會(huì)發(fā)生什么時(shí)，他說會(huì)有一個(gè)沖擊波向外膨脹，然后很快就繼續(xù)講其他內(nèi)容了)”可知，門羅對(duì)于書中的問題給出了直接的答案，并沒有深入探討或推薦教科書等。因此，門羅在書中處理問題的方式是直接給出答案。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“RandallMunroe,whousedtoworkonrobotsatNASA,explainsscienceinafunandeasytounderstandwayinhisbookWhatIf?(蘭德爾·門羅曾在NASA又讓人憂心的問題》一書中以有趣且易于理解的方式解釋科學(xué))”和“Onceyougetusedtohisuniquewritingstyle,youcangoonmanyamazingtripswithhimandlearnwhilelaughing.(一旦你習(xí)慣了他獨(dú)特的寫作風(fēng)格，你就可以和他一起踏上許多奇妙的旅程，在歡笑中學(xué)習(xí))”可知，門羅的寫作風(fēng)格既幽默又富有教育意義。故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其結(jié)合第一段“RandallMunroe,whousedtoworkonrobotsatNASA,explainsscienceinafunandeasytounderstandwayinhisbookWhatIf?Onceyougetusedtohisuniquewritingstyle,youcangoonmanyamazingtripswithhimandlearnwhilelaughing.(蘭德爾·門羅曾在NASA從事機(jī)器人工作，他在《那些古怪又讓人憂心的問題》一書中以有趣且易于理解的方式解釋科學(xué)。一旦你習(xí)慣了他獨(dú)特的寫作風(fēng)格，你就可以和他一起踏上許多奇妙的旅程，在歡笑中學(xué)習(xí))”可知，文章主要介紹了蘭德爾·門羅所著的《那些古怪又讓人憂心的問題》一書，包括其內(nèi)容(討論不切實(shí)際的情況)、寫作風(fēng)格(幽默且富有教育意義)以及與讀者的互動(dòng)方式等。因此，最適合作為本文標(biāo)題的是“WhatIf?:AScientificAdventurewithMunroe()”。這個(gè)標(biāo)題既體現(xiàn)了書名的原意，又概括了文章的主要內(nèi)容。故選B項(xiàng)。第12頁/共27頁DOlegKononenkohasbeethefirsthumantoachieve1,000daysofspaceflightovera16yearcareervisitingandlivingontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS).TheachievementesonhisfifthflighttospaceandduringhisthirdtermasthemanderoftheISS.Hewillbeeoneofthemostvaluablehumanbiologyspecimens(生物標(biāo)本)intheworld.GiventhatboththeArtemisAccordsandtheInternationalLunarResearchStationinitiative(倡議)aimtosendmenandwomenonlongerandlongermissionstospace,includingsemipermanent(半永久的)habitationofthemoonandeventuallyajourneytoMars,scientistsneedtounderstandwhatlongtermpresenceinouterspacewilldotothehumanbody.thatend,Kononenko,whohasroutinelyspentmanyhundredsofcontinuousdaysandevenyearsinlowEarthorbit,willbeprovidingdatapoints“days,monthsandyears,”afterhisreturn,saysEmmanuelUrquieta,theformerchiefmedicaloftheNASAfundedResearchInstituteforSpaceHealth(TRISH),ledbyBaylorCollegeofMedicine.Urquietaexplainsthatmedicineinspaceisagrowingfield,andthattheofthespaceenvironmentoneyehealth,boneloss,andbloodflowarenotwellunderstood,noraretheimpactsoflongtermradiationexposure(輻射暴露)andspacesickness.“I’msurethattherewillbealotofresearchingupinthefuturewhenheesbacktoEarthandI’msurethattherewillbeaverylongfollowupwithhim,youknow,days,months,andyearsafter,totryreallytounderstandtheseveryuniquedatapoints,”Urquietasays.“Whenyouprojectthedatathatwehavefromsixmonthmissionsto900days,there’sstillahugegapofdatathatweneedtoaddresssothatwecansafelysaythat,‘OK,wehaveenoughdatathatwecanconfidentlysaythatwe’reabletosendsomeonetoMarsandmakesurethatthatpersonisgoingtoebackashealthyasheorsheleftEarth.’”32.WhatdoweknowaboutKononenko?A.HecontributedtotheestablishmentoftheISS.B.Hediscoveredavaluablebiologyspecimen.C.Hesetarecordforthemosttimeinspace.D.Hepletedthreespaceflightsin16years.33.Whatdotheunderlinedwordsthatend”inparagraph3referto?A.improvelifesupportsystemsinspace.第13頁/共27頁B.explorethepotentialforlunarhabitation.C.selectastronautsforajourneytoMars.D.studytheoflivinginspace.34.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutKononenkofromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Hislongtermdatawillbecrucial.B.Hewillconductnewspacemissions.C.Hewillinspireconfidenceinothers.D.Hiscareerwillbefruitful.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.IncreasedFocusesonSpaceflightSafetyConcernsB.NewOpportunitiesforSpaceHealthStudiesC.FuturePossibilitiesforSpaceD.BigChallengesinSpaceExploration【答案】32.C33.D34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了宇航員奧列格·科諾年科在太空飛行中創(chuàng)造了累計(jì)1000天的新紀(jì)錄，以及這一成就對(duì)未來長(zhǎng)期太空探索(如月球和火星任務(wù))的重要意義?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“OlegKononenkohasbeethefirsthumantoachieve1,000daysofspaceflightovera16yearcareervisitingandlivingontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS).(奧列格·科諾年科成為首位在16年的國際空間站訪問和生活中累計(jì)完成1000天太空飛行的人類)”可知，奧列格·科諾年科創(chuàng)造了在太空累計(jì)飛行時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的記錄。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中“GiventhatboththeArtemisAccordsandtheInternationalLunarResearchStationinitiative(倡議)aimtosendmenandwomenonlongerandlongermissionstospace,includingsemipermanent(半永久的)habitationofthemoonandeventuallyajourneytoMars,scientistsneedtounderstandwhatlongtermpresenceinouterspacewilldotothehumanbody.(女宇航員送入太空?qǐng)?zhí)行越來越長(zhǎng)的任務(wù)，包括在月球的半永久性居住，并最終前往火星，科學(xué)家需要了解長(zhǎng)期處于外太空會(huì)對(duì)人體產(chǎn)生什么影響)”和第三段中“thatend,Kononenko,whohasroutinelyspentmanyhundredsofcontinuousdaysandevenyearsinlowEarthorbit,willbeprovidingdatapoints“days,monthsandyears,”afterhisreturn,saysEmmanuelUrquieta,theformerchiefmedicaloftheNASAfundedResearchInstituteforSpaceHealth(TRISH),ledbyBaylorCollegeofMedicine.(thatend，美國第14頁/共27頁國家航空航天局資助的貝勒醫(yī)學(xué)院領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的太空健康轉(zhuǎn)化研究機(jī)構(gòu)(TRISH)前首席醫(yī)療官伊曼紐爾·烏爾基塔表示，科諾年科將在返回后提供“數(shù)天、數(shù)月甚至數(shù)年”的數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)，他經(jīng)常在低地球軌道連續(xù)飛行數(shù)百天甚至數(shù)年)”可知，第二段提到科學(xué)家需要了解長(zhǎng)期處于外太空會(huì)對(duì)人體產(chǎn)生什么影響，第三段提到科諾年科將提供相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，故可推測(cè)第三段中劃線短語“thatend”指的是“為了研究太空生活的影響”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““I’msurethattherewillbealotofresearchingupinthefuturewhenheesbacktoEarthandI’msurethattherewillbeaverylongfollowupwithhim,youknow,days,months,andyearsafter,totryreallytounderstandtheseveryuniquedatapoints,”Urquietasays.(回到地球后，未來會(huì)有很多研究，而且我相信，在他回來后的幾天、幾個(gè)月甚至幾年里，都會(huì)對(duì)他進(jìn)行非)”和最后一段““Whenyouprojectthedatathatwehavefromsixmonthmissionsto900days,there’sstillahugegapofdatathatweneedtoaddresssothatwecansafelysaythat,‘OK,wehaveenoughdatathatwecanconfidentlysaythatwe’reabletosendsomeonetoMarsandmakesurethatthatpersonisgoingtoebackashealthyasheorsheleftEarth.’”(“當(dāng)你將我們從為期6個(gè)月的任務(wù)中獲得的數(shù)據(jù)推算到900吧，我們有足夠的數(shù)據(jù)，我們可以自信地說，我們能夠?qū)⑷祟愃蜕匣鹦?，并確保他們能像離開地球時(shí)一樣)務(wù)的安全評(píng)估具有決定性意義。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“OlegKononenkohasbeethefirsthumantoachieve1,000daysofspaceflightovera16yearcareervisitingandlivingontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS).(奧列格·科諾年科成為首位在16年的國際空間站訪問和生活中累計(jì)完成1000天太空飛行的人類)”、第四段“Urquietaexplainsthatmedicineinspaceisagrowingfield,andthattheofthespaceenvironmentoneyehealth,boneloss,andbloodflowarenotwellunderstood,noraretheimpactsoflongtermradiationexposure(輻射暴露)andspacesickness.(烏爾基塔解釋說，太空醫(yī)學(xué)是一個(gè)不斷發(fā)展的領(lǐng)域，太空環(huán)境對(duì)眼睛健康、骨質(zhì)流失和血液流動(dòng)的影響還不太清楚，長(zhǎng)期輻射暴露和太空病的影響也不太清楚)”和第五段““I’msurethattherewillbealotofresearchingupinthefuturewhenheesbacktoEarthandI’msurethattherewillbeaverylongfollowupwithhim,youknow,days,months,andyearsafter,totryreallytounderstandtheseveryuniquedatapoints,”Urquietasays.(烏爾基塔說：“我相信，當(dāng)他回到地球后，未來會(huì)有很多研究，而且我相信，在他回來后的幾天、幾個(gè)月甚至幾年里，都會(huì)對(duì)他進(jìn)行非常長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的跟蹤研究，以真正了解這些非常獨(dú)特的數(shù)據(jù)第15頁/共27頁)供重要數(shù)據(jù)，這為太空健康研究提供了新的機(jī)會(huì)。故B項(xiàng)“NewOpportunitiesforSpaceHealthStudies(太空健康研究的新機(jī)遇)”最符合文章主旨，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)共5小題；每小題分，滿分分)Alotofkidsandadultssaytheygetnervousduringsocialsituations.Maybeit’sspeakingupinclassormakingaphonecallorjusttryingsomethingmightfeelbutterfliesinyourstomach,oryourheartmaybeatfasteroryougetsuddenlyanxious.___36___Andiffearofbeingembarrassedormakingamistakeisgettinginyourway,therearesomethingsyoucantryonyourowntohelp.___37___Expertsagreethatavoidingsituationsthatmakeusanxiouscanactuallymakethingsworseinthelongrun.Gettingoutofsomethingyoudon’twanttodomightmakeyoufeelbetterinthemoment,butyouwillstillfeelanxiousthenexttimeyou’reaskedtodoit.PushyourselfWhileleavingyourfortzoneisn’teasy,itcanbeverygoodforyou.That’sbecauseanxietytendstogoawaywhenyoustartdoingthethingsthatmakeyouanxious.Sotrytofaceyouranxietyandfearandseewhathappens.mightfindyouhavetheskillstodealwithit.___38___Practicealot.Asanexperiment,trydoingsomethingthatmakesyounervous.___39___Whateveryoudo,you’llfindthatitgetseasierovertime.That’sbecausebypracticingthethingsthatmakeyounervousyouareactuallyimprovingyourabilitytoeasilyhandlethem.Relaxyourself.Don’ttrytorelaxbywatchingtelevisionorvisitingawebsite.___40___Forexample,doingthingslikeyogacanalsohelpyoustaycalm.A.BeingnervousisunmonB.Don’tavoidsomething.C.Paynoattentiontoyourthoughts.D.Thosethingsareyourbody’sreaction(反應(yīng))tofear.E.Startwithpractisinglittlethingslikeansweringquestionsinclass.第16頁/共27頁F.adeeprelaxationthathasaphysicalonthemind.G.Andnexttimeyou’reinthatsituationyoumightfeellessnervous.【答案】36.D37.B38.G39.E40.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一些幫助在社交場(chǎng)合消除緊張的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Maybeit’sspeakingupinclassormakingaphonecallorjusttryingsomethingmightfeelbutterfliesinyourstomach,oryourheartmaybeatfasteroryougetsuddenlyanxious.(也許是在課堂上大聲說話，或者打電話，或者只是嘗試一些新東西。你可能會(huì)感到緊張，或者你的心跳可能會(huì)加快，或者你突然變得焦慮。)”和后文“Andiffearofbeingembarrassedormakingamistakeisgettinginyourway,therearesomethingsyoucantryonyourowntohelp.(如果對(duì)尷尬或犯錯(cuò)的恐懼阻礙了你，你可以自己嘗試一些事情來幫助)fear是說上文講述的情況都是身體對(duì)恐懼的反應(yīng)，DD?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文可知，空處充當(dāng)本段的小標(biāo)題，應(yīng)用祈使句。根據(jù)下文“Expertsagreethatavoidingsituationsthatmakeusanxiouscanactuallymakethingsworseinthelongrun.Gettingoutofsomethingyoudon’twanttodomightmakeyoufeelbetterinthemoment,butyouwillstillfeelanxiousthenexttimeyou’reaskedtodoit.(專家們一致認(rèn)為，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看，避免讓我們焦慮的情況實(shí)際上會(huì)使事情變得更糟。擺脫你不想做的事情可能會(huì)讓你在此刻感覺更好，但下次被要求做的時(shí)候，你仍然會(huì)感到焦慮。)”可知，本段主要講述了逃避讓你焦慮的情況沒有好處，不要避免這種事情，BB?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Sotrytofaceyouranxietyandfearandseewhathappens.mightfindyouhavetheskillstodealwithit.(所以，試著面對(duì)你的焦慮和恐懼，看看會(huì)發(fā)生什么。你可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你有處理它的技能。)文鼓勵(lì)你嘗試面對(duì)焦慮和恐懼，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己能夠應(yīng)對(duì)這種情況，空處應(yīng)進(jìn)一步講述下次遇到這