第第頁(yè)外研版（2024）八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)期末復(fù)習(xí)：各單元重點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯編Unit1Thisismecomethrough穿過(guò)withoutdoingsth.沒(méi)有做某事turnaway轉(zhuǎn)移，避開toone’ssurprise出乎某人的意料insurprise吃驚地beproudof為感到自豪begoodat擅長(zhǎng)comeupwith提出findawayout找到辦法fightone’sfear戰(zhàn)勝某人的恐懼holdback阻止lessthan少于atthattime在那時(shí)startfrom從開始choosetodosth選擇去做某事haveatry試一下aslongas只要語(yǔ)法：

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作/狀態(tài)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響、結(jié)果，或動(dòng)作從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。

一、基本結(jié)構(gòu)

1.

肯定句：主語(yǔ)

+

have/has

+

動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞

2.

否定句：主語(yǔ)

+

have/has

+

not

+

動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞

縮寫形式：haven’t

/

hasn’t

3.

一般疑問(wèn)句：Have/Has

+

主語(yǔ)

+

動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞？常見時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞：recently,sofar,sincethen等

二、核心用法

1.

動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響/結(jié)果

常搭配

already已經(jīng)（肯定句）、yet還未，已經(jīng)（否定/疑問(wèn)句）、just剛剛（肯定句）、ever曾經(jīng)（疑問(wèn)句）

例句：I

have

just

finished

my

homework.（現(xiàn)在不用再做了）

例句：He

hasn’t

eaten

breakfast

yet.（現(xiàn)在可能餓了）

2.

動(dòng)作從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在

常搭配

for

+

時(shí)間段（for

3

years）、since

+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)/一段時(shí)間+ago/過(guò)去時(shí)句子（since

2022

/since3yearsago/

since

he

came

here）Unit2Gettingalonggetalong/onwellwithsb.與某人友好相處hereandthere=everywhere到處foralongtime很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間runaway跑開sincethen自那時(shí)起forawhile過(guò)了一會(huì)兒atlast最后so...that如此以至于beafraidof/beafraidtodosth害怕某物/害怕去做某事leadto導(dǎo)致knockdown摧毀giveaway贈(zèng)送enjoydoingsth.享受做某事setup建立bebusywith忙于某事haveaproblemwith在某方面有問(wèn)題argueover因而爭(zhēng)吵reachanagreement達(dá)成協(xié)議askforadvice尋求建議dividingline分界線feelashamed感到羞愧inreturn作為回報(bào)stepback退讓giveup放棄keep...inmind把記心中have/hasbeento（去已回，可和次數(shù)連用）Have/hasgoneto（去未回）Unit3Makeithappenoutof由制成bemadeof(看得出原材料）bemadefrom（看不出原材料）shakehandswithsb.與某人握手beborn出生What’sworse更糟糕的是allthetime一直blowsb.away使某人大為驚訝lendahandtosb.對(duì)某人伸出援手beabletodosth.能夠做某事oneafteranother一個(gè)接一個(gè)hitonsuccess成功做到atage+數(shù)字=attheageof+數(shù)字在幾歲時(shí)knockover摧毀haveahardtimedoingsth做某事有一段艱難時(shí)期warnsb.About/ofsth.警告/提醒某人某事trytodosth.盡力去做某事onpurpose故意地byaccident意外地goonaholiday去度假invitesb.todosth.邀請(qǐng)某人去做某事missout(onsth.)錯(cuò)過(guò)（某事）bedrawnto對(duì)感興趣leadsb.todosth引導(dǎo)某人去做某事protect...from保護(hù)免受傷害morethan不僅僅takearisk=takerisks冒險(xiǎn)becuriousabout對(duì)感到好奇afterall究竟，畢竟drivesb.todosth.促使某人去做某事spendtimedoingsth.花時(shí)間做某事byoneself獨(dú)自，某人自己語(yǔ)法：

1.

動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)

接不定式（to

do）作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞多表“計(jì)劃、意愿、希望、決定”等，如，want,

hope,

wish,

decide,

plan,

try,

manage,

agree,

refuse,

promise。

例句：She

wants

to

learn

English

well.

例句：They

decided

to

go

to

the

park.

2.

動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)

接動(dòng)名詞（doing）作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞多表“喜歡、厭惡、習(xí)慣、完成、建議”等含義，常見的有：enjoy,

finish,

mind,

practice,

keep,

avoid,

suggest,

miss。

例句：He

enjoys

playing

basketball.

例句：We

finished

doing

our

homework.

二、

特殊情況

1.

既可接

to

do

也可接

doing，含義基本相同

這類動(dòng)詞有

like,

love,

hate,

begin,

start。

例句：I

like

to

read

/

reading

in

the

evening.

2.

既可接

to

do

也可接

doing，含義差異較大

forget

todosth.忘記去做（未做）

forget

to

lock

the

door忘鎖門forgetdoingsth.忘記做過(guò)（已做）

forget

locking

the

door忘過(guò)鎖門

remembertodosth

記得去做（未做）

remember

to

buy

milk記得買牛奶Rememberdoingsth記得做過(guò)（已做）remember

buying

milk記得買過(guò)牛奶

stop

todosth.停下（去做另一件事）stop

to

rest停下休息

stopdoingsth.停止（正在做的事）

stop

talking停止說(shuō)話

try

todosth.設(shè)法、努力去做

try

to

solve

the

problem設(shè)法解題trydoingsth.嘗試做（看效果）

try

swimming試試游泳

Unit4Digitallifecomeacross遇見，碰到sharedbikes共享自行車Ittakes/tookmesometimetodosth做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間onebyone一個(gè)接一個(gè)lookforwardtodoingsth.盼望做某事make/letsb.dosth.讓某人做某事allowsb.todosth允許某人去做某事be/getcaughtupin對(duì)入迷stayintouchwithsb.與某人保持聯(lián)系payfor支付takeup占據(jù)nextto緊挨著lightup點(diǎn)亮語(yǔ)法：動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

一、基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：

主語(yǔ)

+

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

+

賓語(yǔ)

+

to

do

二、常見動(dòng)詞分類

1.

接

sb.

to

do

的動(dòng)詞

這類動(dòng)詞多表達(dá)“命令、允許、希望、要求”等含義，常見的有：ask,

tell,

want,

wish,

expect,

allow,

encourage,

invite,

order,

advise。

例句：The

teacher

told

us

to

finish

the

homework

on

time.

例句：My

parents

encourage

me

to

learn

a

musical

instrument.

2.

接

sb.

do

的動(dòng)詞（省略

to）

這類動(dòng)詞多為感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞，如：see,

watch,

hear,

notice,

feel,

make,

let,

have。

例句：I

saw

him

enter

the

classroom

just

now.

例句：The

boss

made

the

workers

work

for

ten

hours

a

day.Unit5Playbytherulesgeton上車getoff下車inorderto＋動(dòng)原為了=soasto+動(dòng)原takeout拿出insurprise吃驚地as...as和一樣lookafter=takecareof照顧takeadeepbreath深呼吸c(diǎn)learyourthroat清嗓子playloudmusic播放大聲的音樂(lè)kickone’sseat踢某人的座位standupto勇敢反對(duì)tellthetruth說(shuō)實(shí)話slowdown減速inone’sopinion在某人看來(lái)agreewith同意follow/breaktherules遵守/打破規(guī)則facetoface面對(duì)面staysafe保持安全faraway遙遠(yuǎn)的apieceofcake小菜一碟getintouchwithsb.與某人取得聯(lián)系avoiddoingsth.避免做某事beawareof警惕becarefulwith小心turntosb.求助某人語(yǔ)法：動(dòng)詞不定式（to

do）作目的狀語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)

動(dòng)詞不定式（to

do）作目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，用來(lái)說(shuō)明主句動(dòng)作的目的，基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：

主句

+

to

do

/

to

do

+

主句（置于句首時(shí)，常用逗號(hào)與主句隔開）

二、

具體例句

1.

置于句末（最常用）

She

gets

up

early

to

catch

the

first

bus.（目的是趕首班車）

2.

置于句首（表強(qiáng)調(diào)目的）

To

improve

his

English,

he

reads

English

newspapers

every

day.

三、動(dòng)詞不定式（to

do）可轉(zhuǎn)換為

in

order

to

do

或

so

as

to

do

結(jié)構(gòu)

He

ran

fast

in

order

to

catch

up

with

his

classmates.

She

stayed

up

late

so

as

to

finish

the

report.

注意：so

as

to

do

不能置于句首。

否定形式為

in

order

not

to

do

/

so

as

not

to

do

They

spoke

quietly

in

order

not

to

wake

the

baby.Unit6Whendisasterstrikesrushinto沖進(jìn)wakesb.up喚醒某人fromsidetoside左右搖晃refusetodosth.拒絕去做某事leavesb.behind留下某人moveon繼續(xù)前進(jìn)bethickwith充滿afterawhile過(guò)了一會(huì)兒turninto轉(zhuǎn)變成gooff發(fā)出聲響comeoutof從出來(lái)drawone’sattention吸引了某人的注意力usedtodosth.過(guò)去常常做某事breakone’sdream打破某人的夢(mèng)想withthesupportof在的支持下toone’ssurprise出乎某人的意料encouragesb.todosth.鼓勵(lì)某人去做某事aboveall最重的是；尤其是stopdoingsth.停止做某事語(yǔ)法：

一、

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：表過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

1.

基本結(jié)構(gòu)be(was/were)+v.-ing

2.

常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：（at+具體過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)）

at

7

p.m.

yesterday,

this

time

last

Sunday,

from

8

to

10

last

night

二、

when

和

while

的用法區(qū)別

1.

when

+延續(xù)性/短暫性動(dòng)詞I

was

watching

TV

when